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Operating System

The document discusses operating system basics including what an operating system provides, application software, drivers, and types of multitasking. It also covers 32-bit operating system limitations, categories of operating systems like server, workstation, mobile and cloud-based. Common operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android and iOS are listed. The operating system life cycle and application installation methods are described.

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14 views2 pages

Operating System

The document discusses operating system basics including what an operating system provides, application software, drivers, and types of multitasking. It also covers 32-bit operating system limitations, categories of operating systems like server, workstation, mobile and cloud-based. Common operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android and iOS are listed. The operating system life cycle and application installation methods are described.

Uploaded by

ashish
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating System Basics

Understanding Operating Systems


 The operating system (OS) provides a consistent environment for other software to execute commands.
 Application is software that is written to supplement the commands available to a particular OS.
 Drivers are extremely specific software written for the purpose of instructing a particular OS on how to
access a piece of hardware.
 Cooperative multitasking is a multitasking method that depends on the application itself to be responsible for
using the processor and then freeing it for access by other application.
 Pre-emptive multitasking is a multitasking method in which the OS allots each application a certain amount
of processor time and then forcibly takes back control and gives another application or task access to the
processor. This means that if an application crashes, the OS takes control of the processor away from the
locked application and passes it on to the next application, which should be unaffected. Pre-emptive
multitasking is what is used today in modern operating systems.

A 32-bit operating system has the limitation of addressing only 4 GB of RAM.

Operating System Categories


All operating systems fit into one of four different broad categories: server, workstation, mobile, or cloud-based
operating systems

1. Server OS: The operating system is optimized for background processes used for access by clients, as
opposed to the foreground processes, such as the GUI.
2. Workstation OS: The operating system is optimized for foreground processes, such as the GUI. Background
sharing is usually limited to a specific number of users; workstation versionsof Microsoft Windows are
limited to 10 concurrent users.
3. Mobile OS
4. Cloud-based operating systems are also considered stateless operating systems, since personal data is not
primarily stored on the device but in the cloud. Mobile operating systems can be considered cloud- based
operating systems. Eg. Chrome operating system.

Common OS

- Microsoft Windows – workstation OS


- Mac OS for Apple laptops - workstation OS
- Linux - workstation OS and Server OS
- Microsoft windows phone – Mobile OS
- Android – open source, by google, based on Linux
- iOS - mobile OS, proprietary, Accelerometers, Siri, Updates OTA, Jailbreaking
- iPad OS , proprietary
- watch OS – for apple watch
- Chrome OS – Cloud based OS

OS Life Cycle

- Alpha – 1st draft of OS


- Beta - This stage of an operating system means most of the bugs have been discovered and are avidly being
patched. This stage is typically used to discover missing features and new bugs.
- Release Candidate - release candidate is in the final stage before it is released to market.
- Current –
- Service pack/ Update
- Mainstream support
- Extended support

Understanding Applications
System Requirements for Applications: Memory, CPU, Architecture, Storage, Display, Video RAM (VRAM),
Licensing

Application Installation – Optical disc, ISO mountable, USB drive,

Network Installation

1. User initiated installation: when the administrator of the PC will start the installation manually. This
method is preferable when the administrator is expected to answer specific questions
during the installation, such as where to install the application. If user-initiated installation is chosen as
the method for deploying an application, you must be sure that the user account has the appropriate
permissions to install the application.
2. Automated Installation:
a. Push Installation - Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager (MECM), can deploy
applications to multiple PCs with a push installation. Microsoft SCCM, formerly called
Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM), is considered the Swiss Army
knife of installation and reporting services.
b. Pull Installation - The Group Policy method is a pull-based installation method, where the
client will pull the application from the network share. This method contains no agent, so
reporting is not available for client resources, installation requirements, or installation status
Regardless of the installation type, push-or pull-based, most automated installation methods do not
require the user logged in to be an administrator.

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