Appendix 4.
Scientific and Common Names of Tree Species
Table 1. Softwood commercial species.
Standard lumber name
under American Softwood
Lumber Standards Common tree name Botanical name
Cedar
Alaska Alaska yellow cedar Chamaecyparis nootkatensis
Eastern red Eastern redcedar Juniperus virginiana
Incense Incense-cedar Libocedrus decurrens
Northern white Northern white-cedar Thuja occidentalis
Port Orford Port-Orford-cedar Chamaecyparis lawsoniana
Southern white Atlantic white-cedar C. thyoides
Western red Western redcedar Thuja plicata
Cypress, red (coast type),
yellow (inland type),
white (inland type) Baldcypress Taxodium distichum
Douglas-fir Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii
Fir
Balsam Balsam fir Abies balsamea
Fraser fir A. fraseri
Noble Noble fir A. procera
White California red fir A. magnifica
Grand fir A. grandis
Pacific silver fir A. amabilis
Subalpine fir A. lasiocarpa
White fir A. concolor
Hemlock
Eastern Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis
Mountain Mountain hemlock T. mertensiana
West Coast Western hemlock T. heterophylla
Juniper, western Alligator juniper Juniperus deppeana
Rocky Mountain juniper J. scopulorum
Utah juniper J. osteosperma
Western juniper J. occidentalis
Larch, western Western larch Larix occidentalis
Pine
Idaho white Western white pine Pinus monticola
Jack Jack pine P. banksiana
Lodgepole Lodgepole pine P. contorta
Longleaf yellow Longleaf pine P. palustris
Slash pine P. elliottii
Northern white Eastern white pine P. strobus
Norway Red pine P. resinosa
Ponderosa Ponderosa pine P. ponderosa
Southern yellow Longleaf pine P. palustris
Shortleaf pine P. echinata
Loblolly name P. taeda
Slash pine P. elliottii
Pitch pine P. rigida
Virginia pine P. virginiana
Sugar Sugar pine P. lambertiana
Redwood Redwood Sequoia sempervirens
Spruce
Eastern Black spruce Picea mariana
Red spruce P. rubens
White spruce P. glauca
Engelmann Blue spruce P. pungens
138 Appendix 4
Engelmann spruce P. engelmannii
Sitka Sitka spruce P. sitchensis
Tamarack Tamarack Larix laricina
Yew, Pacific Pacific yew Taxus brevifolia
Table 2. Hardwood commercial species.
Commercial name
for lumber Common tree name Botanical name
Alder, red Red alder Alnus rubra
Ash
Black Black ash Fraxinus nigra
Oregon Oregon ash F. latifolia
White Blue ash F. quadrangulata
Green ash F. pennsylvanica
White ash F. americana
Aspen (popple) Bigtooth aspen Populus grandidentata
Quaking aspen P. tremuloides
Basswood American basswood Tilia americana
White basswood T. heterophylla
Beech Beech Fagus grandifolia
Birch Gray birch Betula populifolia
Paper birch B. papyrifera
River birch B. nigra
Sweet birch B. lenta
Yellow birch B. alleghaniensis
Box elder Boxelder Acer negundo
Buckeye Ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra
Yellow buckeye A. octandra
Butternut Butternut Juglans cinerea
Cherry Black cherry Prunus serotina
Chestnut Chestnut Castanea dentata
Cottonwood Balsam poplar Populus balsamifera
Eastern cottonwood P. deltoides
Plains cottonwood P. sargentii
Cucumber Cucumbertree Magnolia acuminata
Dogwood Flowering dogwood Cornus florida
Pacific dogwood C. nuttallii
Elm
Rock Cedar elm Ulmus crassifolia
Rock elm U. thomasii
September elm U. serotina
Winged elm U. alata
Soft American elm U. americana
Slippery elm U. rubra
Gum Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua
Hackberry Hackberry Celtis occidentalis
Sugarberry C. laevigata
Hickory Mockernut hickory Carya tomentosa
Pignut hickory C. glabra
Shagbark hickory C. ovata
Shellbark hickory C. laciniosa
Holly American holly Ilex opaca
Ironwood Eastern hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana
Locust Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia
Honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos
Madrone Pacific madrone Arbutus menziesii
Appendix 4 139
Magnolia Southern magnolia Magnolia grandiflora
Sweetbay M. virginiana
140 Appendix 4
Table 2. Continued
Commercial name
for lumber Common tree name Botanical name
Maple
Hard Black maple Acer nigrum
Sugar maple A. saccharum
Oregon Bigleaf maple A. macrophyllum
Soft Red maple A. rubrum
Silver maple A. saccharinum
Oak
Red Black oak Quercus velutina
Blackjack oak Q. marilandica
California black oak Q. kelloggi
Cherrybark oak Q. falcata var. pagodaefolia
Laurel oak Q. laurifolia
Northern pin oak Q. ellipsoidalis
Northern red oak Q. rubra
Nuttall oak Q. nuttallii
Pin oak Q. palustris
Scarlet oak Q. coccinea
Shumard oak Q. shumardii
Southern red oak Q. falcata
Turkey oak Q. laevis
Willow oak Q. phellos
White Arizona white oak Q. arizonica
Blue oak Q. douglasii
Bur oak Q. macrocarpa
California white oak Q. lobata
Chestnut oak Q. primus
Chinkapin oak Q. muehlenbergii
Emory oak Q. emoryi
Gambel oak Q. gambelii
Mexican blue oak Q. oblongifolia
Live oak Q. virginiana
Oregon white oak Q. garryana
Overcup oak Q. lyrata
Post oak Q. stellata
Swamp chestnut oak Q. michauxii
Swamp white oak Q. bicolor
White oak Q. alba
Oregon myrtle California-laurel Umbrellularia californica
Osage orange (bois d'arc) Osage-orange Maclura pomifera
Pecan Bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis
Nutmeg hickory C. myristicaeformis
Water hickory C. aquatica
Pecan C. illinoensis
Persimmon Common persimmon Diospyros virginiana
Poplar Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera
Sassafras Sassafras Sassafras albidum
Sycamore American sycamore Platanus occidentalis
Tupelo Black tupelo Nyssa sylvatica
Ogeechee tupelo N. ogeche
Water tupelo N. aquatica
Walnut Black walnut Juglans nigra
Willow Black willow Salix nigra
Peachleaf willow S. amygdaloides
Source: USFS (1987).
Appendix 4 141
Table 3. Common commercial groupings of softwoods.
Commercial group Species in combination
Douglas-fir larch Douglas-fir
Western larch
Hem-fir Western hemlock, Mountain hemlock
Pacific silver fir
Spruce-pine-fir White spruce
Red spruce
Black spruce
Engelmann spruce
Lodgepole pine
Jack pine
Alpine fir
Balsam fir
Western cedars Western redcedar
Alaska yellow cedar
142 Appendix 4
