A PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF PEDESTRIAN OVERPASS IN

BRGY. POBLACIONM NAAWAN, MISAMIS ORIENTAL ALONG

THE BUTUAN-CAGAYAN DE ORO-ILIGAN ROAD

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented to
the Faculty of
the College of Engineering
St. Peters College
Iligan City

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

ESTENZO, JADE D.
NARBASA REYNALD G.
GERASMIO, JOSE RITCHIEL T.

January 2024
 CERTIFICATE OF PANEL APPROVAL
(can be claimed at the Department of Research and Creative Works after fulfilling Form 9:
Approval for Binding Form)
 ABSTRACT

The issues of traffic congestion and pedestrian safety are becoming more and more
prevalent in urban areas. In Brgy. Poblacion, Naawan, Misamis Oriental a road segment
from police station to public market along the Butuan-Cagayan de Oro-Iligan Road have
become seen as a target for enabling safer and more effective pedestrian mobility because
of many traffic incidents and students crossing the 4 lanes of national road. This thesis
investigates the role of pedestrian overpass as a vital component of urban infrastructure
aimed at improving pedestrian safety and accessibility in Brgy. Poblacion, Naawan.
Misamis Oriental. With the rapid urbanization in the said municipality, it is dealing with
more and more issues with traffic and pedestrian-vehicle collisions. Pedestrian overpasses
present a potential solution by providing dedicated pathways for pedestrians to navigate
across busy roadways safely and efficiently. This thesis aims to provide insights into best
practices for the design, implementation, and management of pedestrian overpasses to
create safer, more inclusive, and pedestrian-friendly urban environments. Additionally, the
research identifies key challenges and opportunities associated with pedestrian
overpasses and offers recommendations to the Local Government of Naawan authorities
to optimize their effectiveness in meeting the evolving needs of urban communities.
 DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to our loving family, whose support is unwavering,

encouragement, sacrifices and prayers have been the driving force behind our academic
journey. Their boundless love and belief in our abilities have inspired us to continue and
overcome challenges with determination. To our friends your encouragement has been a
source of strength during the highs and lows of this research. We are forever grateful for
your unconditional love and sacrifice.
This thesis is dedicated to my distinguished mentors, whose knowledge, insight,
and counsel have impacted my intellectual development and stoked my curiosity. To our
advisor, Engr. Rogelio B. Cabuga, your guidance and priceless insights have pushed the
limits of our research and forced us to think critically. Our academic experience has been
greatly enhanced by the support and encouragement we have received from our teachers
and friends.
Ultimately, I dedicate this thesis to our All-Mighty God which gives us all what we
have asked for in prayers, and the people who have inspired and motivated us along the
way. It has also pushed us to strive for greatness in all parts of our career. To our All-
Mighty God, family, friends and mentors your support and confidence you have given has
been invaluable. This accomplishment is both yours and ours.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to sincerely thank all of the people who have contributed significantly
to the completion of this thesis. Their knowledge, direction, and constant support have
greatly influenced the way this study project has turned out.
Our sincere appreciation goes out to our adviser, Engr. Rogelio B. cabuga, for all
of his help and advice during this thesis project. His knowledge, tolerance, and
support have been invaluable in helping to shape this work. Additionally, I would like to
thank our friends, for their thoughtful criticism and recommendations that have
improved our study.
We especially thank Ma’am Sittie Nor Sarip, whose knowledge and help have
been invaluable for our work in a number of ways.
To the panel experts, headed by the Dean of the College of Engineering,
__________ for all the comments, suggestions, and help in this study. To the panel
members, ___________ the Director of the Department of Research and Creative
Works for all her and _____________for thoroughly correcting, editing, and polishing
our paper.
Additionally, we would like to thank our All-Mighty God, friends, and our family
members for their support, understanding, and financial assistance. Their unshakable
faiths in our skills, encouraging words, and compassion during trying times have been
an ongoing source of strength and inspiration.
Lastly, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to everyone who has
helped us with this thesis, both those already named and others. We consider
ourselves fortunate to have had the chance to collaborate and gain knowledge from
them; their advice, support, and encouragement have been priceless.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………... i

APPROVAL SHEET …………………………………………………….. ii
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………. iii
DEDICATION …………………………………………………………… iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………………….. v
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………….. vi
LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………… vii

CHAPTER
1 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study ………………… 1

Objectives of the Study ………………….. 2
Scope and Limitations of the Study ……. 2
Significance of the Study ………………… 2
Analytical Framework …………………… 3
Operational Definition of Variables and Terms.. 4

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Pedestrian Overpass………………………….. 6
Pedestrian Design Overpass Guidelines……. 6
DPWH Issues Bridge Vertical Design
Guidelines………………………………………. 7
National Structural Code of the
Philippines……………………………………….. 8
Cost Estimate……………………………………. 9
Material Cost Factors……………………………. 9
Sources of Materials…………………………….. 10

3 METHODOLOGY
Research Design ……………………………….. 11
Research Site ……………………………………. 12
Data Gathering Procedure ……………………… 12
Data Gathering Method: Instruments and
Process ………………………………………….. 13
Concept and Design ……………………………. 23
Structural Size Components………………….… 14
Basis of Pedestrian Overpass Vertical
Clearance………………………………………… 15
Basis of Pedestrian Overpass Span…………... 15
 Basis of Structural Design………………………. 15
Structural Design Procedure……………………. 15
Tabulation of Gravity Load………………………. 15
Design of Lateral Load………………………….. 16
Design of Girder………………………………….. 16
Design of Diaphragm…………………………… 16
Design of Pedestrian Overpass Deck………… 16
Design of Railings………………………………. 16
Design of Piles…………………………………… 17
Design of Stairs………………………………….. 17
Design of Abutments……………………………. 17
Design of Approach Slab………………………. 18
Difficulties Encountered in Field Research…… 18

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Location Site………………………….
Community Resident Informants………………. 30
Capacity Building Initiatives of BPAT………….. 31
Community Members’ Perception of the Role
Of BPAT in Enhancing Crime Reduction and
Community Safety and Security ……………….. 33
Strategies for Enhancing BPATs Role……….. 33
Level of Implementation of Community
Building Initiatives of BPATs in the Area in
Terms of Crime Reduction ……………………… 35
Level of Implementation of Community
Building Initiatives of BPATs in the Area in
Terms of Community Safety and Security…….. 36
Effectiveness of Community Capacity-Building
Initiatives of BPAT in Crime Reduction and
Community Safety and Security………………… 38
Challenges of BPAT Members in Crime
Prevention and Community Safety ad
Security Efforts ………………………………….. 40

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary …………………………………………. 42
Conclusion ……………………………………….. 43
Recommendations ………………………………. 43
REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………….. 46

APPENDICES
A Letter to the Barangay Captain of Barangay
Bagong Silang to Conduct Pilot Testing 48
B Letter to the Barangay Captain of Barangay
 Sta. Elena to Conduct Survey 49
C Informed Consent Form for Research 50
D Survey Questionnaire for Community 51
Residents
E Key Informant Interview Guide for BPAT
Informants 54
F Key Informant Interview Guide for Community
Resident Informants 57
G Photo Documentation 60

VITA

CERTIFICATE OF EDITING AND PROOFREADING

CERTIFICATE ON STATISTICS

GRAMMARLY AND PLAGIARISM CERTIFICATION

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page
1 Reliability Test of the Survey Questionnaire Using Cronbach’s Alpha 27
2 Age of the Community Respondents 30
3 Civil Status of the Community Respondents 30
4 Length of Service of BPAT Respondents 30
5 Level of Implementation of Community Building Initiatives of BPAT
In Terms of Crime Reduction 36
6 Level of Implementation of Community Building Inititatives of BPAT
In Terms of Community Safety and Security 37
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page
1 Community Capacity Building Initiatives of Barangay Peacekeeping 7
Action Team (BPAT) and Its Other Variables 25
2 Map of Brgy. Sta. Elana, Iligan City 25
3 The researchers during their proposal defense 61
4 Preparation for data gathering 62
5 Actual data gathering 62
6 One of the researchers conducting the survey 62
7 The researchers interviewed one of the informants 63
8 Courtesy call of Brgy. Sta. Elena 63