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Difference Between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotic

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38 views9 pages

Difference Between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotic

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Fadya P.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN
PROKARYOTES
AND EUKARYOTIC
Fadya Puspita Ayu Fatimah
PROKARYOTES
Prokaryote definition
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that
lack membrane-bound structures, the most
noteworthy of which is the nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells tend to be small, simple
cells, measuring around 0.1-5 μm in diameter.
While prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane-bound structure, they do have distinct cellular
regions. In prokaryotic cells, DNA bonds together in a region called the nucleoid. Prokaryotes can
be divided into two domains, bacteria and archaea. In prokaryotes, proteins, DNA, and
metabolite molecules are all found together, floating in the cytoplasm. Primitive organelles,
which are found in bacteria, act as microcompartments to provide a sense of organization to the
arrangement.
PROKARYOITC FEATURES

Prokaryotic cell features


Here is a breakdown of what you might find in a prokaryotic bacterial cell.
Nucleoid: A central region of the cell that contains its DNA.
Ribosome: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
Cell wall: The cell wall provides structure and protection from the outside environment. Most
bacteria have a rigid cell wall made from carbohydrates and proteins called peptidoglycans.
Cell membrane: Every prokaryote has a cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane,
that separates the cell from the outside environment.
Capsule: Some bacteria have a layer of carbohydrates that surrounds the cell wall called the
capsule. The capsule helps the bacterium attach to surfaces.
Fimbriae: Fimbriae are thin, hair-like structures that help with cellular attachment.
Pili: Pili are rod-shaped structures involved in multiple roles, including attachment and DNA
transfer.
Flagella: Flagella are thin, tail-like structures that assist in movement.
EUKARYOTIC
Eukaryote definition
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a
nucleus and other organelles enclosed by a
plasma membrane. Organelles are internal
structures responsible for a variety of
functions, such as energy production and
protein synthesis.Eukaryotic cells are large
(around 10-100 μm) and complex. While most
eukaryotes are multicellular organisms, there
are some single-cell eukaryotes
EUKARYOITC FEATURES
Eukaryotic cell features
Within a eukaryotic cell, each membrane-bound structure carries out specific cellular functions.
Here is an overview of many of the primary components of eukaryotic cells.
Nucleus: The nucleus stores the genetic information in chromatin form.
Nucleolus: Found inside of the nucleus, the nucleolus is the part of eukaryotic cells where
ribosomal RNA is produced.
Plasma membrane: The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the entire
cell and encompasses the organelles within.
Cytoskeleton or cell wall: The cytoskeleton or cell wall provides structure, allows for cell
movement, and plays a role in cell division.
Ribosomes: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
Mitochondria: Mitochondria, also known as the powerhouses of the cell, are responsible for
energy production.
Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is the region of the cell between the nuclear envelope and plasma
membrane.
Cytosol: Cytosol is a gel-like substance within the cell that contains the organelles.
Endoplasmic reticulum: The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle dedicated to protein
maturation and transportation.
Vesicles and vacuoles: Vesicles and vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs involved in
transportation and storage.
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