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7 7frequencydeviation

The document discusses frequency deviation in signals and waveforms. It defines frequency deviation and carrier swing, and explains how to calculate modulation index and percent modulation for a frequency modulated signal using an example of a 107.6 MHz carrier signal modulated by a 7 kHz sine wave. Formulas and calculations of frequency deviation, carrier swing, modulation index and percent modulation are provided.

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68 views2 pages

7 7frequencydeviation

The document discusses frequency deviation in signals and waveforms. It defines frequency deviation and carrier swing, and explains how to calculate modulation index and percent modulation for a frequency modulated signal using an example of a 107.6 MHz carrier signal modulated by a 7 kHz sine wave. Formulas and calculations of frequency deviation, carrier swing, modulation index and percent modulation are provided.

Uploaded by

c1.2dummy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL SYSTEM

Province of Rizal
Page 1 of 2

Module 7.7- Frequency Deviation

Learning Objectives

1. Understanding the concept of frequency deviation in the context of waveforms and


signals.
2. Explaining how frequency deviation is measured and its significance in various
fields, such as telecommunications, broadcasting, and electrical engineering.
3. Analyzing the impact of frequency deviation on signal quality and transmission
efficiency.
4. Applying techniques to minimize frequency deviation in practical systems, such as
frequency modulation (FM) in communication systems.
Discussion / Lecture
FREQUENCY DEVIATION AND PERCENT MODULATION
Frequency deviation is the change in frequency that occurs in the carrier when it is
acted on by a modulating-signal frequency. Frequency deviation is typically given as
a peak frequency shift in hertz (∆f). The peak-to-peak frequency deviation (2∆f) is
sometimes called carrier swing.

• Where:
m = is modulation index
∆f = frequency deviation
fm = maximum frequency
For carrier swing:
Carrier swing = 2∆f

Example:
A 107.6 MHz carrier signal is frequency modulated by a 7 kHz sine wave. The
resultant FM signal has a frequency deviation of 50 kHz. Determine the following:
I. Carrier swing of FM signal
II. The modulation index of FM wave

Given:
fm = 7kHz
∆ f = 50kHz
Carrier swing 2∆f
= 2(50𝑘ℎ𝑧) = 100𝑘ℎ𝑧
∆𝑓
Modulation index, m = 𝑓𝑚
50
= = 7.143
7

DCC Code Revision Number Date of Effectivity


UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL SYSTEM
Province of Rizal
Page 2 of 2

Percent Modulation
• The percent modulation for an angle-modulated wave is determined in a
different manner than it was with an amplitude-modulated wave. With angle
modulation, percent modulation is simply the ratio of the frequency deviation
actually produced to the maximum frequency deviation allowed by law stated
in percent form.

Example:

If a given modulating signal produces ±50-kHz frequency deviation, the percent


modulation is..
50
% modulation= 75 ∗ 100 =67%

Reference:
https://studylib.net/doc/26121741/461684436-electronic-communications-systems-
fundamentals-...

DCC Code Revision Number Date of Effectivity

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