Chapter 5
THE P-BLOCK ELEMENTS
INTRODUCTION
1. Occurrence of oxidation states 2 unit less than the group oxidation states is because of - (JEE)
2. Tendency to show inert pair effect decrease/increase down the group.
3. Group 13 elements -
4. Group 14 elements -
5. Group 15 elements -
6. Group 16 elements -
7. Group 17 elements -
8. Group 18 elements
5.1 GROUP 13 ELEMENTS
9. Al is a metal/non-metal.
10. Kernite formula - (NEET) (JEE 2021)
11. Boron occurs as - (3)
12. In India, borax occur in - (2)
13. Boron isotopes are ___ and ___ and most abundant isotope is -
14. Most abundant metal in the earth is -
15. ___ is the 3rd most abundant element.
16. Bauxite formula -
17. Cryolite formula - DigaQ 1.
18. Atomic Radius trend - D
E
C
19. Ionic radius trend - B A
20. I.E (I) trend -
21. I.E (II) trend -
22. I.E (III) trend -
23. Electronegativity trend -
24. Density trend -
25. M.P trend -
26. B.P trend -
27. Boron is hard/soft and white/black.
ANSWERS 1
THE P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 27
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
28. In Tl, +3 oxidation state is highly oxidising. T/F (NEET)
29. The compounds in +1 oxidation state are more covalent than +3 oxidation state. T/F (JEE)
30. The tendency to behave as Lewis acid increases down the group. T/F
31. Aluminium chloride in acidified aqueous solution forms -
32. Boron tri-oxides are acidic/basic.
33. Amphoteric oxides are made by which group 13 elements ?
34. B + O₂ + Δ →
35. Boron does not react with acids and alkalis even at moderate temperature. T/F
36. Conc. nitric acid with Al causes no reaction. T/F
37. 2Al(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 6H₂O(l) →
38. Why white fumes appear around the bottle of anhydrous aluminium chloride ?
IMPORTANT COMPOUNDS OF BORON
39. Borax formula -
40. Borax contains tetranuclear units of -
41. Na₂B₄O₇ + 7H₂O →
→ →
42. Na₂B₄O₇.10H₂O + Δ A B + C. Identify A, B and C.
43. NaBO₂ is called -
44. Co(BO₂)₂ is of ____ colour.
45. The metaborates of many transition metals have characteristic colours. T/F (JEE 2021)
46. ______ test use borax to identify metals.
47. ______ has a soapy touch.
48. Orthoboric acid is a white/black crystalline solid.
49. Na₂B₄O₇ + 2HCl + 5H₂O →
50. Heating orthoboric acid above _____ K forms metaboric acid.
→ →
51. H₃BO₃ + Δ A + Δ B. Identify A & B.
52. Boric acid is a Arrhenius acid. T/F (JEE)
53. 4BF₃ + 3LiAlH₄ → DigaQ 2.
54. Convenient laboratory method to prepare diborane is -
55. On industrial scale, diborane is prepared by - A
B
56. The temp. at which above reaction operate is - D
57. B₂H₆ is colourless. T/F
C
ANSWERS 1 ANSWERS 2
28 CHEMHACK
58. B₂H₆ + 3O₂ →
→
59. B₂H₆(g) + 6H₂O(l)
60. B₂H₆ + 2CO →
61. B₂H₆ + 2NMe₃ →
62. ______ is known as inorganic benzene. (JEE)
63. Borazine formula -
→ →
64. 3B₂H₆ + 6NH₃ A + Δ B. Identify A & B.
65. Diborane have 2 centre - 3 electron bonds. T/F (JEE)
66. Borohydrides ex - (1)
67. Borohydrides are prepared by reacting ____ and ____ in ______
68. ______ are used in making bullet-proof vests and light composing material for aircraft.
69. ____ have a high ability to absorb neutrons.
70. Metal borides are used in nuclear industry as protective shields and control rods. T/F
71. Heat resistant glasses ex -
72. Main industrial application of borax and boric acid is in the manufacture of -
73. Aqueous solution of of _______ is generally used as a mild antiseptic.
74. Electrical conductivity of Al is twice/thrice that of Cu.
75. Al has a toxic nature. T/F
76. Al is used in packing and aeroplane and transportation industry. T/F
77. Hybridization of boron in diborane is - (NEET)
ANSWERS 2
THE P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 29
ANSWERS
INTRODUCTION CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
1. Inert pair effect 28. T
2. Increase 29. F
3. B, Al, Ga, In, Tl (Trick - BAll Gaind India Tendulkar) 30. F
4. C, SI, Ge, Sn, Pb (Trick - CaSi Gaye Snkar Pabati) 31. [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺
5. N, P, As, Sb, Bi (Trick -Nana Patekar Aishwarya Sb 32. Acidic
Bimar)
33. Al and Ga
6. O, Se, Te, Po (Trick - Os Se Tee Po)
34. B₂O₃
7. F, Cl, Br, I, At (Trick - Fir Cal Bhar I Aunty)
35. T
8. He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn (Trick - Hena Nena Aur
Karena Xete Rahna) 36. T
37. 2 Na⁺[Al(OH)₄]⁻ (aq) + 3H₂(g)
GROUP 13 ELEMENTS 38. Because it partially hydrolyse with atmospheric
9. Metal moisture to to liberate HCl
10. Na₂B₄O₇·4H₂O IMPORTANT COMPOUNDS OF
11. Orthoboric acid, borax and kernite BORON
12. Puga Valley (Ladakh) and Sambhar Lake 39. Na₂B₄O₇⋅10H₂O
(Rajasthan) 40. [B₄O₅(OH)₄]²⁻
13. 10B and 11B, 11B 41. 2NaOH + 4H₃BO₃
14. Al 42. A = Na₂B₄O₇, B = NaBO₂ + B₂O₃]
15. Al 43. Sodium metaborate
16. Al₂O₃.2H₂O 44. Blue
17. Na₃AlF₆ 45. T
18. B < Ga < Al < In < Tl 46. Borax bead
19. B < Al < Ga < In < Tl 47. Orthoboric acid
20. B > Tl > Ga > Al > In 48. White
21. B > Ga > Tl > In > Al 49. 2NaCl + 4B(OH)₃
22. B > Ga > Tl > Al > In 50. 370 K
23. B > Tl > In > Ga > Al 51. HBO₂, B₂O₃
24. B < Al < Ga < In < Tl 52. F, Lewis acid
53. 2B₂H₆ + 3LiF + 3AlF₃
25. B > Al > Tl > In > Ga
26. B > Al > Ga > In > Tl →
54. 2NaBH₄ + I₂ B₂H₆ + 2NaI + H₂
27. Hard, black
QUESTIONS 1 QUESTIONS 2
30 CHEMHACK
→
55. 2BF + 6NaH B₂H₆ + 6NaF DigaQs
56. 450 K DigaQ 1. - Stucture of Aluminium Chloride (AlCl₃)
57. T A - 118°
58. B₂O₃ + 3H₂O B - 79°
59. 2B(OH)₃(aq) + 6H₂(g) C - 101°
60. 2BH₃⋅CO D - 206 pm
61. 2BH₃⋅NMe₃ E - 221 pm
62. Borazine DigaQ 2. - Structure of Diborane (B₂H₆)
63. B₃N₃H₆ A - 97°
64. A - B₂H₆.2NH₃ [BH₂(NH₃)₂]⁺[BH₄]⁻ B - 120°
B - B₃N₃H₆ C - 134 pm
65. F D - 119 pm
66. NaBH₄
67. Metal hydrides with diborane in presence of
diethyl ether
68. Boron fibers
69. Boron - 10
70. T
71. Pyrex
72. Heat resistant glass
73. Orthoboric acid
74. Twice
75. T
76. T
77. sp³
QUESTIONS 2 QUESTIONS 3
