Giaoandethitienganh.

info
 Unit 1:
WORD
Life
PRONUNCIATION MEANING

account (n) /əˈkaʊnt/ câu chuyện

achievement (n) /əˈʧiːvmənt/storiesthành tích, thành tựu

we nhận con nuôi

admire (v) /ədˈmaɪə/ ngưỡng mộ
adopt (v) /əˈdɒpt/
animated (adj)
admire
/ˈænɪmeɪtɪd/ hoạt hình
attack (n,v) /əˈtæk/ cuộc tấn công, tấn công
attend (school/
/əˈtend (skuːl/ kɒlɪʤ)/ đi học (trường, trường đại học, cao đẳng)
college) (v)
battle (n) /ˈbætl/ chiến trường
biography (n) /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/ tiểu sử
biological (adj) /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ (quan hệ) ruột thịt
bond (v) /bɒnd/ kết thân (với ai)
cancer (n) /ˈkænsə/ ung thư
carry out /ˈkæri aʊt/ tiến hành
childhood (n) /ˈʧaɪldhʊd/ tuổi thơ
Communist Party of /ˈkɒmjənɪst pɑːti əv
Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam
Viet Nam viːetˈnɑːm/
death (n) /deθ/ cái chết
defeat (v) /dɪˈf iːt/ đánh bại
devote to /dɪˈvəʊt tə/ cống hiến (cho)
drop out (of) /ˈdrɒp aʊt (ɒv)/ bỏ học
enemy (n) /ˈenəmi/ kẻ thù
genius (n) /ˈʤiːniəs/ thiên tài

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hero (n) /ˈhɪərəʊ/ anh hùng
marriage (n) /ˈmærɪʤ/ cuộc hôn nhân
military (n) /ˈmɪlətri/ quân đội
on cloud nine/ on /ɒn klaʊd naɪn/ /ɒn
top of the world/ tɒp ɒv ðə wɜːld//ˈəʊvə rất vui sướng, hạnh phúc
over the moon ðə muːn/
pancreatic (adj) /ˌpæŋkriˈætɪk/ liên quan tới tuyến tuỵ
pass away /pɑːs əˈweɪ/ qua đời
poem (n) /ˈpəʊɪm/ bài thơ
poetry (n) /'pəʊətri/ thơ ca
resign (v) /rɪˈzaɪn/ từ chức
resistance war /rɪˈzɪstəns wɔː/ cuộc kháng chiến
rule (n, v) /ruːl/ sự trị vì, trị vì
youth (n) /juːθ/ tuổi trẻ

Fill in the Blanks Using the words Above:

1. Every biography has an … of the person’s major life events.

2. Winning the Nobel Prize is an incredible …
3. People often … those who have made significant contributions to society.
4. Many families choose to … pets from animal shelters.
5. The cartoon was so …, it felt like the characters could jump out of the screen.
6. In history, there have been many famous … that changed the course of events.
7. Studying … sciences can lead to a better understanding of living organisms.
8. Strong relationships are built when people … over shared experiences.
9. Unfortunately, … is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide.
10.She had a happy …, growing up in a loving home.
11.The … Party of Vietnam plays a significant role in the country’s governance.
12.The … of a loved one can have a profound impact on a person’s life.
13.The general was able to … the enemy forces in a decisive victory.
14.He decided to … out of college to pursue his startup business.
15.Albert Einstein is considered a … for his contributions to physics.
16.A … is someone who is admired for their courage and noble qualities.
17.Their … was celebrated with a beautiful ceremony.

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 18.The … is responsible for the defense of the country.
19.She was … after hearing the good news.
20.The … gland plays an essential role in digestion.
21.The poet decided to write a … about the beauty of nature.
22.… can be a powerful way to express emotions and ideas.
23.After many years of service, he chose to … from his position.
24.The … war against the invaders lasted for many years.
25.The king decided to … with kindness and justice.
26.… is a time of life filled with energy and potential.

Choose the synonym for each of the following words:

1. Account (n)
o A. Tale
o B. Calculation
o C. Record
o D. Performance
2. Achievement (n)
o A. Goal
o B. Success
o C. Attempt
o D. Journey
3. Admire (v)
o A. Despise
o B. Appreciate
o C. Ignore
o D. Question
4. Adopt (v)
o A. Reject
o B. Embrace
o C. Abandon
o D. Disown
5. Animated (adj)
o A. Lively
o B. Dull
o C. Static
o D. Lifeless
6. Attack (n,v)
o A. Defend
o B. Assault

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 o C. Protect
o D. Shield
7. Attend (school/college) (v)
o A. Skip
o B. Participate
o C. Withdraw
o D. Absent
8. Battle (n)
o A. Peace
o B. Conflict
o C. Agreement
o D. Harmony
9. Biography (n) Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm
o A. Fiction
o B. Memoir
o C. Novel
o D. Fantasy
10.Biological (adj)
o A. Artificial
o B. Organic
o C. Synthetic
o D. Inorganic
11.Bond (v)
o A. Separate
o B. Connect

o C. Release
o D. Detach
12.Cancer (n)
o A. Health
o B. Tumor
o C. Vitality
o D. Wellness
13.Carry out
o A. Neglect
o B. Execute
o C. Abandon
o D. Cease
14.Childhood (n)
o A. Adulthood
o B. Infancy
o C. Old age

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 o D. Youth
15.Communist Party of Viet Nam
o A. Political group
o B. Social club
o C. Religious sect
o D. Corporate board
16.Death (n)
o A. Birth
o B. Demise
o C. Existence
o D. Survival
17.Defeat (v)
o A. Win
o B. Conquer
o C. Surrender
o D. Overcome
18.Devote to
o A. Neglect
o B. Dedicate
o C. Withdraw
o D. Ignore
19.Drop out (of)
o A. Enroll
o B. Leave
o C. Join
o D. Enter
20.Enemy (n)
o A. Ally
o B. Foe
o C. Friend
o D. Partner

………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Choose the correct answers:

1. After years of research and development, the team’s hard work finally paid off
with a significant scientific __________.
o A) account
o B) achievement
o C) admire

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 o D) adopt
2. The documentary highlighted the __________ of one of the most influential
leaders of the __________.
o A) biography
o B) biological
o C) bond
o D) Communist Party of Viet Nam
3. The __________ soldier was remembered for his bravery and the way he would
__________ to the safety of his comrades during the __________.
o A) animated
o B) attack
o C) military
o D) hero
4. She felt __________ after receiving the news that her __________ had been
successful.
o A) on cloud nine
o B) pancreatic
o C) poetry
o D) marriage
5. During his __________, he would often __________ by the lake and dream of
becoming a __________ in his field.
o A) childhood
o B) attend
o C) genius
o D) battle
6. The scientist decided to __________ from the project when he realized the
ethical implications of the __________ research.
o A) resign
o B) rule
o C) carry out
o D) biological
7. The novel explores the protagonist’s inner __________ as he faces his
__________ in a decisive __________.
o A) account
o B) enemy
o C) battle
o D) death
8. After years of __________ to his craft, the artist’s __________ was recognized
with a prestigious award.
o A) defeat
o B) devote to
o C) drop out

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 o D) achievement

9. The __________ on his life revealed many unknown aspects of his journey
from __________ to becoming a renowned scientist.
o A) biography
o B) bond
o C) childhood
o D) death
10.After the __________, the general decided to __________ to the rebuilding
efforts of the war-torn region.
o A) battle
o B) defeat
o C) devote to
o D) enemy
11.The __________ animation brought the characters to life, making the audience
feel as if they were part of the adventure.
o A) account
o B) animated
o C) attack
o D) attend
12.To __________ the spread of __________, the researchers worked tirelessly to
__________ their experiments.
o A) attack
o B) battle
o C) carry out
o D) cancer
13.He felt like he was __________ after hearing the news that he had won the
Nobel Prize for his __________ in physics.
o A) on cloud nine
o B) pancreatic
o C) poetry
o D) marriage
14.The __________ between the two nations was marked by numerous battles and
the unwavering __________ of the soldiers.
o A) resistance war
o B) rule
o C) youth
o D) marriage
15.Her __________ to the cause of education led her to __________ several
innovative teaching methods in her school.
o A) admire
o B) adopt

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 o C) animated
o D) attend
16.The __________ of the Communist Party of Viet Nam played a crucial role in
shaping the country’s __________ and future.
o A) rule
o B) youth
o C) biography
o D) Communist Party of Viet Nam

17.The __________ of the late poet’s __________ was felt deeply within the
literary community.
o A) death
o B) poem
o C) youth
o D) marriage
18.His __________ to his country was evident through his lifelong service in the
__________.
o A) bond
o B) military
o C) achievement
o D) admire
19.The __________ cells were found to be the most aggressive type, leading to a
__________ research initiative.
o A) biological
o B) pancreatic
o C) poetry
o D) cancer
20.She had to __________ of college due to financial difficulties, but she never
lost her ambition to succeed.
o A) drop out
o B) attend
o C) resign
o D) rule
21.The __________ was a turning point in the war, leading to the eventual
__________ of the opposing forces.
o A) battle
o B) defeat
o C) enemy
o D) resistance war
22.His __________ was not just a personal triumph but also a symbol of hope for
many facing similar challenges.
o A) account

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 o B) achievement
o C) admire
o D) adopt
23.The __________ was a significant event in the nation’s history, marking the
end of one era and the beginning of another.
o A) marriage
o B) death
o C) rule
o D) Communist Party of Viet Nam
24.The __________ of the young activist inspired many to __________ their
efforts towards social justice.
o A) youth
o B) genius
o C) devote to
o D) bond

UNIT 2:

WORD PRONUNCIATION MEANING

admire (v) /ədˈmaɪə/ ngắm nhìn, chiêm ngưỡng

anxiety (n) /æŋˈzaɪəti/ sự bồn chồn, lo lắng
appreciate (v) /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ thưởng thức, trân trọng
bamboo dancing
/ˌbæmˈbuː ˈdɑːnsɪŋ/ nhảy sạp
(np)
captivate (v) /ˈkæptɪveɪt/ thu hút, cuốn hút
celebrate (v) /ˈselɪbreɪt/ tổ chức, mừng
confusion (n) /kənˈfjuːʒn/ sự khó hiểu, sự hỗn độn, sự rối rắm
costume (n) /ˈkɒstjuːm/ trang phục
cuisine (n) /kwɪˈziːn/ ẩm thực
cultural (adj) /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ thuộc về văn hoá
culture shock (n) /ˈkʌltʃə ʃɒk/ sốc văn hoá

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custom (n) /ˈkʌstəm/ phong tục
diversity (n) /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ sự đa dạng
extracurricular (adj) /ˌekstrəkəˈrɪkjələ/ ngoại khoá
festivity (n) /feˈstɪvəti/ ngày hội
globalisation (n) /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ sự toàn cầu hoá
identity (n) /aɪˈdentəti/ bản sắc, đặc điểm nhận dạng
keep up with /ˈkiːp ʌp wɪð/ bắt kịp với, theo kịp
lifestyle (n) /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ lối sống
multicultural (adj) /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/ tính đa văn hoá
origin (n) /ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ nguồn gốc
popularity (n) /ˌpɒpjuˈlærəti/ sự phổ biến, sự thông dụng
speciality (n) /ˌspeʃiˈæləti/ đặc sản
staple (adj) /ˈsteɪpl/ cơ bản, chủ yếu
tasty (adj) /ˈteɪsti/ ngon
traditional (adj) /trəˈdɪʃənl/ truyền thống
trend (n) /trend/ xu hướng
tug of war (n) /ˌtʌɡ əv ˈwɔː/ trò chơi kéo co

Fill in the blanks with the above words:

Certainly! Here’s a gap-filling exercise using the words from your list:

1. Many people ________ those who have achieved great success despite facing
significant challenges.
2. She felt a surge of ________ before the results of her exam were announced.
3. I really ________ your help with the project; it made a big difference.
4. The ________ is a traditional dance that requires coordination and rhythm.
5. The magician’s performance was so mesmerizing that it ________ the entire
audience.
6. Every year, we ________ our national day with fireworks and parades.
7. His sudden decision to move abroad left his family in a state of ________.
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 8. For the festival, she wore a beautiful ________ that represented her heritage.
9. Italian ________ is known for its pasta dishes and use of fresh ingredients.
10.The museum held an exhibition showcasing ________ art from various
countries.
11.Experiencing ________ is common when visiting a new country with different
customs.
12.It’s important to respect the local ________ when traveling to another country.
13.The city’s ________ is reflected in its wide range of restaurants and festivals.
14.She participates in many ________ activities, including the chess club and
soccer team.
15.The ________ during the carnival was infectious, with everyone dancing and
laughing.
16.________ has brought different cultures closer together, making the world
seem smaller.
17.A person’s ________ can be influenced by their cultural background and
personal experiences.
18.It’s hard to ________ the latest technology; it’s always changing so rapidly.
19.Adopting a healthy ________ can lead to a longer and more fulfilling life.
20.The city is known for its ________ community, which celebrates many
different festivals.
21.The ________ of pizza can be traced back to Naples in Italy.
22.The ________ of social media platforms has skyrocketed in the past decade.
23.Sushi is a ________ of Japanese cuisine, often served with soy sauce and
wasabi.
24.Rice is a ________ food in many Asian countries, serving as the main
carbohydrate source.
25.The cake was not only visually appealing but also incredibly ________.
26.During the holiday, many people wear ________ costumes and participate in
age-old rituals.
27.Following the latest ________ can be exhausting, but it keeps you up-to-date
with fashion.
28.The ________ is a competitive game that tests the strength and teamwork of
the participants.

Choose the synonym for each of the following words:

1. admire (v)
o A) detest
o B) esteem
o C) ignore

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 o D) neglect
2. anxiety (n)
o A) indifference
o B) tranquility
o C) apprehension
o D) pleasure
3. appreciate (v)
o A) depreciate
o B) value
o C) belittle
o D) scorn
4. bamboo dancing (np)
o A) wood hopping
o B) tinikling
o C) reed stepping
o D) lumber leaping
5. captivate (v)
o A) bore
o B) fascinate
o C) repulse
o D) disgust
6. celebrate (v)
o A) mourn
o B) commemorate
o C) forget
o D) overlook
7. confusion (n)
o A) order
o B) clarity
o C) bewilderment
o D) understanding
8. costume (n)
o A) outfit
o B) uniform
o C) attire
o D) All of the above
9. cuisine (n)
o A) diet
o B) fare
o C) snack
o D) meal
10.cultural (adj)

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 o A) artistic
o B) ethnic
o C) scientific
o D) technological
11.culture shock (n)
o A) tradition surprise
o B) custom jolt
o C) heritage astonishment
o D) assimilation impact
12.custom (n)
o A) habit
o B) anomaly
o C) rarity
o D) irregularity
13.diversity (n)
o A) uniformity
o B) similarity
o C) variety
o D) sameness
14.extracurricular (adj)
o A) scholastic
o B) academic
o C) nonacademic
o D) educational
15.festivity (n)
o A) celebration
o B) mourning
o C) grief
o D) sorrow
16.globalisation (n)
o A) localization
o B) internationalization
o C) nationalization
o D) isolationism
17.identity (n)
o A) anonymity
o B) persona
o C) difference
o D) distinction
18.keep up with
o A) lag behind
o B) maintain pace with

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 o C) move ahead of
o D) deviate from
19.lifestyle (n)
o A) deathstyle
o B) way of life
o C) existence
o D) survival
20.multicultural (adj)
o A) monolithic
o B) diverse
o C) singular
o D) uniform
21.origin (n)
o A) end
o B) source
o C) conclusion
o D) destination
22.popularity (n)
o A) obscurity
o B) fame
o C) notoriety
o D) anonymity
23.speciality (n)
o A) generalization
o B) forte
o C) weakness
o D) disadvantage
24.staple (adj)
o A) secondary
o B) primary
o C) unnecessary
o D) unimportant
25.tasty (adj)
o A) flavorless
o B) delicious
o C) insipid
o D) bland
26.traditional (adj)
o A) modern
o B) conventional
o C) novel
o D) innovative

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 27.trend (n)
o A) stagnation
o B) fad
o C) decline
o D) constancy
28.tug of war (n)
o A) peace
o B) rope pulling
o C) armistice
o D) truce

Choose the correct answers:

1. Many people around the world ____ the courage and determination of those
who move to a new country to start a new life.
o A) admire
o B) anxiety
o C) celebrate
o D) confusion
2. The ____ of international foods in the city center highlights the ____ of
cultures present in the community.
o A) speciality; lifestyle
o B) popularity; diversity
o C) cuisine; multicultural
o D) festivity; globalisation
3. During the festival, participants wore ____ that represented the ____ of their
respective homelands.
o A) costumes; identity
o B) trends; origin
o C) customs; lifestyle
o D) staples; popularity
4. The ____ event at the school’s sports day was the ____, which required
teamwork and strength.
o A) extracurricular; tug of war
o B) traditional; bamboo dancing
o C) cultural; trend
o D) festive; culture shock
5. To ____ with the latest ____ in technology, one must continuously learn and
adapt.
o A) keep up with; trends

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 o B) appreciate; specialities
o C) captivate; globalisation
o D) celebrate; festivities

6. The ____ of the city is evident in its wide range of ____ events, from art
exhibits to food festivals.
o A) diversity; cultural
o B) anxiety; extracurricular
o C) trend; traditional
o D) globalisation; staple
7. After moving to a new country, many people experience ____ when they
encounter different ____ and social norms.
o A) culture shock; customs
o B) appreciation; cuisines
o C) confusion; identities
o D) anxiety; lifestyles
8. The ____ of the local ____ is a dish made with fresh herbs and spices, known
for being particularly ____.
o A) speciality; cuisine; tasty
o B) popularity; costume; traditional
o C) origin; festivity; multicultural
o D) identity; custom; staple
9. It’s important to ____ the efforts of those who work hard to maintain their ____
while adapting to a new environment.
o A) admire; identity
o B) captivate; origin
o C) appreciate; lifestyle
o D) celebrate; diversity
10.The ____ dance is a ____ part of the festival, where participants move
rhythmically between large bamboo poles.
o A) bamboo dancing; traditional
o B) tug of war; extracurricular
o C) cuisine; staple
o D) costume; cultural

11.The ____ of the local market is a reflection of the ____ that exists within the
city’s population.
o A) trend; anxiety
o B) diversity; cultural
o C) popularity; confusion
o D) cuisine; festivity

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 12.To fully understand the ____ of another country, one must immerse themselves
in the local ____ and practices.
o A) culture shock; customs
o B) identity; costumes
o C) globalisation; trends
o D) lifestyle; cuisine
13.The ____ of the event was enhanced by the ____ of the music and the vibrant
____ worn by the dancers.
o A) anxiety; staple
o B) festivity; traditional
o C) confusion; tasty
o D) popularity; multicultural
14.The ____ of the ancient tribe can be traced back to their ____ in the arts, which
they still ____ today.
o A) identity; origin
o B) diversity; trend
o C) cuisine; speciality
o D) lifestyle; staple
15.The ____ of the city’s ____ scene is often attributed to its ____ population and
the variety of ____ it brings.
o A) popularity; culinary
o B) confusion; cultural
o C) diversity; multicultural
o D) festivity; traditional

16.The ____ of the festival is often marked by a ____ performance, which is a

highlight for many attendees.
o A) anxiety; bamboo dancing
o B) festivity; bamboo dancing
o C) confusion; staple
o D) lifestyle; traditional
17.Wearing a ____ is more than just a fashion statement; it’s a way to express
one’s ____ and heritage.
o A) costume; identity
o B) trend; anxiety
o C) cuisine; popularity
o D) custom; lifestyle
18.The ____ of the city is quite evident in its ____ districts, where one can find a
variety of food, music, and art.
o A) diversity; multicultural
o B) cuisine; staple
o C) festivity; traditional

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 o D) trend; cultural
19.The ____ of the new restaurant has been incredible, with many locals and
tourists eager to try its ____ dishes.
o A) popularity; tasty
o B) anxiety; staple
o C) confusion; speciality
o D) globalisation; traditional
20.It’s essential to ____ the hard work and dedication of volunteers who ____
important community events.
o A) appreciate; celebrate
o B) admire; captivate
o C) keep up with; trend
o D) experience; culture shock
21.The ____ of the play was so profound that it left the audience in a state of ____.
o A) cuisine; confusion
o B) identity; anxiety
o C) captivate; appreciation
o D) performance; admiration
22.The ____ of the country’s ____ is often seen in the wide range of ____
activities available to its citizens.
o A) diversity; lifestyle
o B) globalisation; culture shock
o C) popularity; extracurricular
o D) festivity; traditional
23.The ____ of the ancient civilization is still present in the ____ and customs that
have been preserved over centuries.
o A) identity; culture
o B) diversity; trends
o C) globalisation; cuisine
o D) popularity; festivity
24.The ____ of the event was evident, with everyone ____ their achievements and
sharing their ____ experiences.
o A) anxiety; celebrating; cultural
o B) festivity; celebrating; diverse
o C) confusion; appreciating; staple
o D) lifestyle; admiring; traditional
25.The ____ of the local community is a testament to the ____ of different ____
living together harmoniously.
o A) cuisine; diversity; cultures
o B) trend; popularity; customs
o C) festivity; multicultural; identities
o D) globalisation; staple; costumes

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UNIT 3
WORD PRONUNCIATION MEANING

carbon footprint (n) /ˌkɑːbən ˈfʊtprɪnt/ tổng lượng phát thải khí nhà kính
cardboard (n, adj) /ˈkɑːdbɔːd/ bìa cứng, làm bằng bìa cứng
clean up /ˈkliːn ʌp/ dọn dẹp
compost (n) /ˈkɒmpɒst/ phân hữu cơ
container (n) /kənˈteɪnə/ thùng, hộp, gói
contaminated (adj) /kənˈtæmɪneɪtɪd/ nhiễm độc, nhiễm khuẩn
decompose (v) /ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊz/ phân huỷ
thân thiện/ tốt cho hệ sinh thái, môi
eco-friendly (adj) /ˌiːkəʊ ˈfrendli/
trường
fruit peel (np) /fruːt piːl/ vỏ hoa quả
household waste (np) /ˈhaʊshəʊld weɪst/ rác thải sinh hoạt
in the long run /ɪn ðə lɒŋ rʌn/ về lâu dài
in the long/ medium/ /ɪn ðə lɒŋ/ ˈmiːdiəm/ về lâu dài/ trong thời gian không xa/
short term ʃɔːt tɜːm/ trong thời gian trước mắt
landfill (n) /ˈlændfɪl/ bãi chôn rác
layer (n) /ˈleɪə/ lớp
leftover (n, adj) /ˈleftəʊvə/ thức ăn thừa
packaging (n) /ˈpækɪʤɪŋ/ bao bì
pile (n) /paɪl/ chồng, đống
reusable (adj) /riːˈjuːzəbl/ tái sử dụng được
reuse (v) /riːˈjuːz/ tái sử dụng

rinse out /ˈrɪns aʊt/ xối nước, rửa sạch

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single-use (adj) /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/ dùng một lần
waste (n) /weɪst/ rác thải
Fill in the gaps with the words above:

1. Reducing our ________ is essential for minimizing the impact on the planet.
2. ________ boxes are often used for packaging and can be recycled.
3. After the picnic, everyone helped to ________ the park.
4. Vegetable scraps can be turned into ________ to enrich garden soil.
5. Always choose a ________ that can be recycled or repurposed.
6. Drinking water can become ________ if not protected from pollutants.
7. Leaves and food scraps will ________ over time and return nutrients to the
earth.
8. Products that are ________ cause less harm to the environment.
9. Don’t throw away the ________; it can be composted.
10.________ includes items like plastic wrappers, broken appliances, and old
clothing.
11.________, making sustainable choices pays off by preserving resources for
future generations.
12.Decisions made ________ can have varying impacts on our environment.
13.Much of our garbage ends up in a ________, which can cause pollution.
14.In composting, different materials are added in ________ to break down
effectively.
15.Don’t waste ________ food; you can save it for another meal.
16.Excessive ________ is a problem because it often ends up as litter or in
landfills.
17.A ________ of leaves collected in the yard, ready to be used for mulch.
18.________ bags are a better choice than disposable ones for grocery shopping.
19.It’s important to ________ items whenever possible to reduce waste.
20.Make sure to ________ bottles before putting them in the recycling bin.
21.________ products, like certain plastic bags, contribute significantly to
environmental pollution.
22.Industrial processes can produce a lot of ________, which needs to be managed
responsibly.

Choose the synonym for each of the following words:

1. Carbon footprint (n)

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 o A) Emission trace
o B) Oxygen path
o C) Nitrogen cycle
o D) Hydrogen mark
2. Cardboard (n, adj)
o A) Paperboard
o B) Wood
o C) Plastic
o D) Metal
3. Clean up (v)
o A) Pollute
o B) Tidy
o C) Contaminate
o D) Dirty Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm
4. Compost (n)
o A) Fertilizer
o B) Plant
o C) Pesticide
o D) Herbicide
5. Container (n)
o A) Vessel
o B) Content
o C) Product
o D) Item
6. Contaminated (adj)
o A) Polluted

o B) Pure
o C) Clean
o D) Sterile
7. Decompose (v)
o A) Assemble
o B) Rot
o C) Build
o D) Construct
8. Eco-friendly (adj)
o A) Environmentally harmful
o B) Sustainable
o C) Toxic
o D) Non-recyclable
9. Fruit peel (np)
o A) Fruit skin

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 o B) Fruit core
o C) Fruit seed
o D) Fruit flesh
10.Household waste (np)
o A) Domestic refuse
o B) Home furniture
o C) Family belongings
o D) Residential area
11.In the long run
o A) Eventually
o B) Immediately
o C) Temporarily
o D) Instantly
12.In the long/medium/short term
o A) Over time
o B) Briefly
o C) Permanently
o D) Never
13.Landfill (n)
o A) Dump
o B) Garden
o C) Park
o D) Library
14.Layer (n)
o A) Stratum
o B) Single
o C) Uniform
o D) Monolayer
15.Leftover (n, adj)
o A) Remainder
o B) Beginning
o C) Start
o D) Origin
16.Packaging (n)
o A) Wrapping
o B) Unpacking
o C) Opening
o D) Closing
17.Pile (n)
o A) Heap
o B) One
o C) Few

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 o D) Individual
18.Reusable (adj)
o A) Disposable
o B) Recyclable
o C) Single-use
o D) Non-renewable
19.Reuse (v)
o A) Discard
o B) Recycle
o C) Waste
o D) Reject
20.Rinse out (v)
o A) Soak
o B) Wash
o C) Dry
o D) Stain
21.Single-use (adj)
o A) Multiple-use
o B) One-time
o C) Repeated
o D) Permanent
22.Waste (n)
o A) Trash
o B) Treasure
o C) Wealth
o D) Resource

…………………………………………………………………
Choose the correct answers:

1. To reduce our ________, we should consider using public transportation more

often.

A) landfill

B) carbon footprint

C) compost

D) layer

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 2. The ________ box can be recycled if it’s not coated with wax.

A) contaminated

B) cardboard

C) leftover

D) waste

3. Every weekend, the community volunteers to ________ the local park.

A) clean up

B) decompose

C) rinse out

D) reuse

4. Adding ________ to your garden can enrich the soil with nutrients.

A) packaging

B) compost

C) pile

D) container

5. Please place the milk in a ________ that is clearly labeled.

A) landfill

B) layer

C) container

D) leftover

6. If water is ________, it’s not safe for drinking or bathing.

A) reusable

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 B) contaminated

C) eco-friendly

D) single-use

7. Leaves and food scraps will naturally ________ over time.

A) decompose

B) clean up

C) rinse out

D) reuse

8. Products that are ________ tend to have less impact on the environment.

A) eco-friendly

B) contaminated

C) cardboard

D) waste

9. Don’t throw away the ________; it can be used to make compost.

A) fruit peel

B) packaging

C) leftover

D) container

10.________ is a common issue in urban areas due to high consumption.

A) Household waste

B) Compost

C) Reusable

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 D) Layer

11.Investing in renewable energy will benefit us ________.

A) in the long run

B) compost

C) pile

D) rinse out

12.The company plans to reduce its emissions ________.

A) in the long/medium/short term

B) landfill

C) layer

D) leftover

13.The city’s ________ has reached its capacity, prompting a search for
alternatives.

A) landfill

B) carbon footprint

C) compost

D) container

14.Each ________ of the cake was a different flavor.

A) layer

B) pile

C) packaging

D) cardboard

15.There were many ________ from dinner that we saved for lunch the next day.

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 A) leftovers

B) containers

C) wastes

D) landfills

16.The ________ around the product was excessive and not environmentally
friendly.

A) packaging

B) compost

C) pile

D) layer

17.The leaves formed a large ________ in the backyard during autumn.

A) pile

B) landfill

C) container

D) layer

18.This water bottle is ________ and can be used many times.

A) reusable

B) single-use

C) contaminated

D) eco-friendly

19.It’s important to ________ items whenever possible to reduce waste.

A) reuse

B) decompose

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 C) clean up

D) rinse out

20.Make sure to ________ the jar before putting it in the recycling bin.

A) rinse out

B) decompose

C) clean up

D) reuse

21.Many coffee shops are phasing out ________ cups and encouraging customers
to bring their own.

A) single-use

B) reusable

C) contaminated

D) eco-friendly

22.The city council is discussing how to manage ________ more effectively.

A) waste

B) compost

C) packaging

D) container

23.After juicing oranges, the ________ can be added to the compost bin.

A) fruit peel

B) packaging

C) leftover

D) container

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 24.________ such as paper and plastic should be separated from organic waste.

A) Household waste

B) Compost

C) Packaging

D) Leftover

25.Choosing products with minimal ________ is one way to live more sustainably.

A) landfill

B) layer

C) packaging

D) pile

UNIT 4

WORD PRONUNCIATION MEANING

afford (v) /əˈfɔːd/ có đủ tiền, có khả năng chi trả

colonial (adj) /kəˈləʊniəl/ thuộc địa, thuộc dân
concern (n) /kənˈsɜːn/ sự lo lắng
decrease (v) /dɪˈkriːs/ giảm, hạ xuống

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expand (v) /ɪkˈspænd/ mở rộng (về diện tích)
gradually (adv) /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ dần dần, từ từ
housing (n) /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ nhà ở
leisure (n) /ˈleʒə/ sự giải trí, thư giãn
proportion (n) /prəˈpɔːʃn/ tỉ lệ
rapidly (v) /ˈræpɪdli/ rất nhanh, với tốc độ cao
reliable (adj) /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ đáng tin cậy
resident (n) /ˈrezɪdənt/ người dân
rush hour /ˈrʌʃ aʊə/ giờ cao điểm
seek (v) /siːk/ tìm kiếm
tình trạng thất nghiệp, số người
unemployment (n) /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
không có việc làm
urban (adj) /ˈɜːbən/ thuộc về đô thị

Fill in the blanks with the above words:

1. Many people can’t ______ to buy a house in the city center due to high prices.
2. The ______ architecture of the city attracts tourists from all over the world.
3. Environmental pollution is a major ______ for the local community.
4. The government has implemented policies to ______ the rate of inflation.
5. The city plans to ______ the public park to include more recreational areas.
6. The changes in the law were introduced ______, over a period of several years.
7. There is a shortage of ______ for the growing population in the metropolitan
area.
8. People often engage in ______ activities such as sports and reading during their
free time.
9. A large ______ of the budget is allocated to healthcare and education.
10.The news of the celebrity’s arrival spread ______ through social media.
11.It’s important to have ______ sources of information when researching for an
academic paper.
12.Every ______ in the building received a notice about the upcoming
maintenance work.
13.During ______, the traffic congestion in the city can be overwhelming.
14.After graduation, many students ______ employment in their field of study.
15.The ______ rate has been fluctuating due to the economic instability.
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 16.The ______ development plan includes new roads and public transportation
systems.

Choose the synonym for each of the following words:

1. Afford (v)
o A) Manage
o B) Allocate
o C) Distribute
o D) Save
2. Colonial (adj)
o A) Imperial
o B) Native
o C) Modern
o D) Ancient
3. Concern (n)
o A) Indifference
o B) Interest
o C) Disregard
o D) Neglect
4. Decrease (v)
o A) Lessen
o B) Grow
o C) Inflate
o D) Multiply
5. Expand (v)
o A) Contract
o B) Widen
o C) Compress
o D) Reduce
6. Gradually (adv)
o A) Suddenly
o B) Instantly
o C) Slowly
o D) Quickly
7. Housing (n)
o A) Shelter
o B) Clothing
o C) Feeding
o D) Transporting

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 8. Leisure (n)
o A) Work
o B) Free time
o C) Occupation
o D) Business
9. Proportion (n)
o A) Imbalance
o B) Fraction
o C) Whole
o D) Excess
10.Rapidly (adv)

o A) Leisurely
o B) Quickly Giaoandethitienganh.info sưu tầm

o C) Sluggishly
o D) Gradually
11.Reliable (adj)
o A) Untrustworthy
o B) Dependable
o C) Doubtful
o D) Unpredictable
12.Resident (n)
o A) Visitor
o B) Inhabitant
o C) Foreigner
o D) Tourist
13.Rush hour
o A) Peak time
o B) Off-peak
o C) Downtime
o D) Break time
14.Seek (v)
o A) Avoid
o B) Pursue
o C) Ignore
o D) Shun
15.Unemployment (n)
o A) Joblessness
o B) Employment
o C) Occupation
o D) Work
16.Urban (adj)

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 o A) Rural
o B) Metropolitan
o C) Country
o D) Pastoral

………………………………………………………………………………….

Choose the correct answers:

1. Due to the economic crisis, many people can no longer ____ to buy new
homes.
o A) afford
o B) expand
o C) seek
o D) decrease
2. The ____ architecture of the city attracts tourists from all over the world.
o A) urban
o B) colonial
o C) reliable
o D) leisure
3. The main ____ of the community meeting was the increase in local crime rates.
o A) concern
o B) proportion
o C) unemployment
o D) housing
4. The government has implemented policies to ____ the rate of inflation.
o A) decrease
o B) afford
o C) expand
o D) seek
5. The company plans to ____ its operations to international markets.
o A) expand
o B) decrease
o C) seek
o D) afford
6. The changes in the law were introduced ____, over a period of several years.
o A) gradually
o B) rapidly
o C) leisure
o D) urban

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 7. The rising cost of ____ is a significant issue in major cities.
o A) housing
o B) leisure
o C) concern
o D) unemployment
8. Many people enjoy ____ activities such as reading and playing sports in their
free time.
o A) leisure
o B) colonial
o C) reliable
o D) urban
9. A large ____ of the population is employed in the service sector.
o A) proportion
o B) concern
o C) unemployment
o D) housing
10.The development of the new product line is progressing ____ to meet the
deadline.
o A) rapidly
o B) gradually
o C) leisure
o D) urban
11.It’s important to have ____ sources of information when researching for an
academic paper.
o A) reliable
o B) colonial
o C) leisure
o D) urban
12.Every ____ in the building received a notice about the upcoming maintenance
work.
o A) resident
o B) concern
o C) unemployment
o D) housing
13.Traffic is always heavy during ____, making it difficult to commute.
o A) rush hour
o B) leisure
o C) rapidly
o D) urban
14.Many graduates ____ employment opportunities in larger cities.
o A) seek
o B) afford

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 o C) expand
o D) decrease
15.The ____ rate has been a major topic of discussion during the election
campaign.
o A) unemployment
o B) proportion
o C) housing
o D) leisure
16.The ____ development of the area has led to an increase in traffic congestion.
o A) urban
o B) colonial
o C) reliable
o D) leisure
17.After the factory closed, the town saw an ____ in the number of available jobs.
o A) decrease
o B) expand
o C) seek
o D) afford
18.The museum offers a discount to ____ during the off-peak season.
o A) residents
o B) concerns
o C) unemployments
o D) housings
19.To ____ a better quality of life, many people are moving to the suburbs.
o A) afford
o B) seek
o C) expand
o D) decrease
20.The ____ style of living often includes a fast-paced environment and a diverse
culture.
o A) urban
o B) colonial
o C) reliable
o D) leisure

UNIT 5

WORD PRONUNCIATION MEANING

application letter (n) /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn ˈletə/ thư xin việc

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bonus (n) /ˈbəʊnəs/ tiền thưởng
casual (adj) /ˈkæʒuəl/ theo thời vụ, tạm thời
challenging (adj) /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ thách thức
flexible (adj) /ˈfleksəbl/ linh hoạt
footstep (n) /ˈfʊtstep/ bước chân; truyền thống gia đình
employ (v) /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ tuyển dụng
nine-to-five (adj) /ˈnaɪn tə faɪv/ giờ hành chính
on-the-job (adj) /ɒn ðə ˈdʒɒb/ trong công việc, khi đang làm việc
overtime (adv) /ˈəʊvətaɪm/ ngoài giờ
part-time (adj) /ˌpɑːt ˈtaɪm/ bán thời gian
repetitive (adj) /rɪˈpetətɪv/ lặp đi lặp lại
rewarding (adj) /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/ xứng đáng
shift (n) /ʃɪft/ ca làm việc
stressful (adj) /ˈstresfl/ áp lực, căng thẳng
unpaid (adj) /ˌʌnˈpeɪd/ không được trả lương
tiền công (trả theo giờ hoặc theo khối
wage (n) /weɪdʒ/
lượng công việc)
phục vụ đồ ăn thức uống cho khách
wait on tables /weɪt ɒn ˈteɪblz/
trong nhà hàng
well-paid (adj) /ˌwel ˈpeɪd/ được trả lương cao
vacancy (n) /ˈveɪkənsi/ vị trí công việc còn trống

Fill in the blanks with the above words

Certainly! Here’s a gap-filling exercise using the words from your list. Fill in the
blanks with the appropriate word from the list above.

1. After submitting her ____________, Jane eagerly awaited a response from the
company.
2. The year-end ____________ was a pleasant surprise for all the employees.

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 3. He prefers a ____________ dress code at work, avoiding formal suits and ties.
4. Solving complex problems can be quite ____________, but it’s what she loves
about her job.
5. Working remotely offers a ____________ schedule, allowing parents to spend
more time with their children.
6. Following in his father’s ____________, he also became a renowned architect.
7. Companies ____________ new graduates every year, especially in the tech
industry.
8. She didn’t like the ____________ routine; she wanted something more
exciting.
9. ____________ training is essential for employees to learn and adapt to their
roles efficiently.
10.He had to work ____________ to meet the project deadline.
11.A ____________ job is perfect for students who need to balance work and
studies.
12.Doing the same task every day can become ____________ after a while.
13.Despite the challenges, teaching is a ____________ profession, knowing
you’re shaping young minds.
14.Nurses often have to work in ____________, covering all hours of the day and
night.
15.The workload was so ____________ that she decided to take a sabbatical year.
16.Volunteers are often ____________, but their contribution to society is
invaluable.
17.The minimum ____________ is not always enough to cover living expenses in
the city.
18.Many students ____________ to support themselves through college.
19.A ____________ job is one where the salary compensates for the effort and
skills required.
20.The company announced a ____________ for a senior manager, and he knew it
was the perfect opportunity.

Choose the synonym for each of the following words:

1. Application letter (n)

o A) Job request
o B) Cover note
o C) Employment form
o D) Inquiry document
2. Bonus (n)
o A) Reward

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 o B) Commission
o C) Dividend
o D) Gratuity
3. Casual (adj)
o A) Informal
o B) Occasional
o C) Random
o D) Accidental
4. Challenging (adj)
o A) Demanding
o B) Easy
o C) Simple
o D) Light
5. Flexible (adj)
o A) Rigid
o B) Adaptable
o C) Fixed
o D) Inflexible
6. Footstep (n)
o A) Stride
o B) Track
o C) Pathway
o D) Footmark
7. Employ (v)
o A) Hire
o B) Dismiss
o C) Fire
o D) Reject
8. Nine-to-five (adj)
o A) All-day
o B) Standard work hours
o C) Round-the-clock
o D) 24/7
9. On-the-job (adj)
o A) In-training
o B) Off-duty
o C) At work
o D) Unemployed
10.Overtime (adv)
o A) Extra hours
o B) Under time
o C) Part-time

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 o D) Full-time
11.Part-time (adj)
o A) Full-time
o B) Temporary
o C) Half-time
o D) Occasional
12.Repetitive (adj)
o A) Monotonous
o B) Varied
o C) Diverse
o D) Different
13.Rewarding (adj)
o A) Satisfying
o B) Punishing
o C) Frustrating
o D) Disappointing
14.Shift (n)
o A) Turn
o B) Schedule
o C) Rotation
o D) Movement
15.Stressful (adj)
o A) Relaxing
o B) Tense
o C) Calm
o D) Peaceful
16.Unpaid (adj)
o A) Voluntary
o B) Paid
o C) Rewarded
o D) Compensated
17.Wage (n)
o A) Salary
o B) Loss
o C) Debt
o D) Expense
18.Wait on tables
o A) Serve food
o B) Cook meals
o C) Order dishes
o D) Clean dishes
19.Well-paid (adj)

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 o A) Poorly compensated
o B) Generously remunerated
o C) Underpaid
o D) Low-earning
20.Vacancy (n)
o A) Occupancy
o B) Fullness
o C) Opening
o D) Closure

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

Choose the correct answers:

1. After graduating, I decided to write an __________ to the company I’ve always

wanted to work for.
o A) application letter
o B) bonus
o C) wage
o D) vacancy
2. Employees who perform exceptionally well often receive a year-end
__________.
o A) shift
o B) bonus
o C) part-time
o D) casual
3. I prefer wearing __________ clothes on Fridays since the office has a relaxed
dress code.
o A) challenging
o B) casual
o C) well-paid
o D) repetitive
4. Solving complex problems at work can be quite __________ but also very
satisfying.
o A) challenging
o B) rewarding
o C) stressful
o D) unpaid
5. Our manager is quite __________ with working hours as long as we complete
our tasks.

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 o A) flexible
o B) nine-to-five
o C) on-the-job
o D) casual
6. I decided to follow in my father’s __________ and pursue a career in medicine.
o A) footstep
o B) shift
o C) wage
o D) bonus
7. Many companies __________ new graduates because they bring fresh ideas to
the team.
o A) employ
o B) wait on tables
o C) reward
o D) challenge
8. She didn’t like the __________ lifestyle, so she started her own business.
o A) nine-to-five
o B) part-time
o C) casual
o D) flexible
9. __________ training is essential for employees to learn directly while working.
o A) On-the-job
o B) Challenging
o C) Rewarding
o D) Repetitive
10.He had to work __________ to finish the project by the deadline.
o A) overtime
o B) part-time
o C) casual
o D) nine-to-five
11.She works __________ at the local library to have more time for her studies.
o A) part-time
o B) well-paid
o C) casual
o D) nine-to-five
12.The job became too __________, doing the same tasks every day without
change.
o A) repetitive
o B) rewarding
o C) challenging
o D) stressful

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 13.Helping others can be very __________, especially when you see the positive
impact you make.
o A) rewarding
o B) stressful
o C) unpaid
o D) casual
14.Nurses often work in __________ to ensure 24-hour care for patients.
o A) shift
o B) footstep
o C) bonus
o D) wage
15.Working in emergency services can be extremely __________ due to the high-
pressure environment.
o A) stressful
o B) rewarding
o C) casual
o D) flexible
16.Volunteers do important work, even though it is often __________.
o A) unpaid
o B) well-paid
o C) bonus
o D) wage
17.The minimum __________ in some countries is not enough to live on.
o A) wage
o B) bonus
o C) vacancy
o D) application letter
18.Many students __________ to earn extra money while studying.
o A) wait on tables
o B) employ
o C) challenge
o D) reward
19.Surgeons are usually very __________ because of their specialized skills.
o A) well-paid
o B) casual
o C) repetitive
o D) unpaid
20.There is a __________ at the local bank for a customer service representative.
o A) vacancy
o B) wage
o C) bonus

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 o D) shift

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