Exercise 11.
1 Page No: 109
1. With the help of a ruler and a compass, it is not possible to construct an
angle of :
(A) 37.5°
(B) 40°
(C) 22.5°
(D) 67.5°
Solution:
(B) 40°
Explanation:
Considering Option (A):
37.5° = ½ × 75°
75° can be constructed with the help of a ruler and a compass.
Considering Option (B):
40° = ½ × 20°
This is not possible.
20° cannot be constructed with the help of a ruler and a compass.
Considering Option (C):
22.5° = ½ × 45°
45° can be constructed with the help of a ruler and a compass.
Considering Option (D):
67.5° = 1/2 × 135° = 1/2 × (90° + 45°)
Both 90° and 45° can be constructed with the help of a ruler and a compass.
Hence, option (B), is not possible to construct an angle of 40° with the help of
a ruler and compass is the correct answer.
Exercise 11.2 Page No: 109
Write True or False in each of the following. Give reasons for your answer:
1. An angle of 52.5° can be constructed.
Solution:
True
Justification:
52.5° = ½ × 105° = ½ × (90° + 15°)
We know that,
It is possible to construct both 90° and 15° with the help of a ruler and
compass.
Therefore angle of 52.5° can be constructed.
2. An angle of 42.5° can be constructed.
Solution:
False
Justification:
42.5° = ½ × 85°
We know that,
It is possible to construct 85° with the help of a ruler and compass.
Therefore, an angle of 42.5° cannot be constructed.
3. A triangle ABC can be constructed in which AB = 5 cm, ∠A = 45° and BC +
AC = 5 cm.
Solution:
True
Justification:
We know that,
Sum of any two sides of a triangle must be greater than the third side.
Here,
BC + AC = 5cm = AB which does not satisfy the above condition that the sum
is equal to the third side.
Exercise 11.3 Page No: 110
1. Draw an angle of 110° with the help of a protractor and bisect it. Measure
each angle.
Solution:
According to the question,
An angle ABC = 110o.
To draw the bisector of ∠ABC
Steps of construction:
1. With B as the centre and a convenient radius, draw an arc to intersect the
rays BA at P and BC at Q, respectively.
2. With centre P and a radius greater than half of PQ, draw an arc.
3. With centre Q and the same radius (as in step 2), draw another arc to cut
the previous arc at R.
4. Draw ray BR.
The ray BR is the required bisector of ∠ABC.
∠ABD = ∠CBD = 550
∠ABD = ∠CBD = 1/2 ∠ABC = 1/2 X 1100 = 550
2. Draw a line segment AB of 4 cm in length. Draw a line perpendicular to AB
through A and B, respectively. Are these lines parallel?
Solution:
According to the question,
A line segment AB of length 4cm.
To draw a perpendicular to AB through A and B, respectively.
Steps of construction:
1. Draw AB = 4 cm.
2. With A as the centre, draw an arc, cutting AB at P.
3. With P as the centre and the same radius, draw an arc cutting the arc
drawn in step 2 at Q.
4. With Q as the centre and the same radius, draw an arc, cutting the arc
drawn in step 3 at R.
5. With R as the centre and the same radius, draw an arc, cutting the arc
drawn in step 5 at X.
6. Draw OX and produce it to C and D.
7. Now, repeat the steps from 2 to 7 to draw the line EF perpendicular through
B.
Yes, these lines are parallel because the sum of the interior angles on the
same side of the transversal is 180o.
3. Draw an angle of 80° with the help of a protractor. Then construct angles
of
(i) 40°
(ii)160°
(iii) 120°.
Solution:
According to the question:
We have to draw an angle of 80° with the help of a protractor. Then construct
angles of
(i) 40°
(ii)160°
(iii) 120°
Steps of construction:
1. Draw a ray OA.
2. With the help of a protractor, construction ∠BOA = 80o
3. Taking O as the centre and any suitable radius, draw an arc to intersect
rays OA and OB at points P and Q, respectively.
4. Bisect ∠BOA as done in Q1. Let ray OC be the bisector of ∠BOA, then
∠ROA= ½ ∠BOA = ½ × 80o = 40o
5. With Q as the centre and radius equal to PQ, draw an arc to cut the
extended arc PQ at R.
Join OR and produce it to form ray OD, then ∠DOA = 2∠BOA = 2 × 80 = 40
6. Bisect ∠DOB as in Q1. Let OE be the bisector of ∠DOB is, then
∠EOA = ∠EOB +∠BOA = ½ ∠DOB +∠BOA= ½ (80) + 80 = 40 + 80 = 120o
4. Construct a triangle whose sides are 3.6 cm, 3.0 cm and 4.8 cm. Bisect the
smallest angle and measure each part.
Solution:
According to the question,
We have to construct a triangle whose sides are 3.6 cm, 3.0 cm and 4.8 cm.
And to bisect the smallest angle and measure each part.
Steps of construction:
Step 1: Draw a line AB = 4.8 cm.
Step 2: Now, take a radius of 3 cm and centre ‘A’ and draw an arc. And take a
radius of 3.6 cm and
centre ‘B’, draw an arc that intersects our previous arc at ‘C’.
Step 3: Join CA and CB we get the required triangle ABC.
Exercise 11.4 Page No: 111
Construct each of the following and give justification:
1. A triangle, if its perimeter is 10.4 cm and two angles are 45° and 120°.
Solution:
According to the question,
We have to construct a triangle if its perimeter is 10.4 cm and two angles are
45° and 120°
Steps of construction:
1. Draw XY = 10.4 cm.
2. Draw ∠LXY = 45o and ∠MYX =120o
3. Draw the angle bisector of ∠LXY.
4. Draw the angle bisector of ∠MYX such that it meets the angle bisector of
∠LXY at point A.
5. Draw the perpendicular bisector of AX such that it meets XY at B.
6. Draw the perpendicular bisector of AY such that it meets XY at C.
7. Join AB and AC.
Thus, ABC is the required triangle.
2. A triangle PQR given that QR = 3cm, ∠ PQR = 45° and QP – PR = 2 cm.
Solution:
According to the question,
We have to draw a triangle PQR such that QR = 3cm, ∠ PQR = 45° and QP – PR
= 2 cm
Steps of construction:
1. Draw a ray OX and cut off a line segment QR = 3 cm.
2. AT Q, construction ∠YQR = 45o.
3. From QY, cut off QS = 2 cm.
4. Join RS.
5. Draw a perpendicular bisector of RS to Meet QY at P.
6. Join PR. Then PQR is the required triangle.
