SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.

Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City

Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Senior High School Department

A.Y. 2023-2024

Problem 1
Pearson’s Correlation 1. Determine the correlation 𝑟.
Problem: 2. Describe the degree of correlation.
You are conducting a study to explore the relationship 3. Is the relationship significant? If yes, determine
between the number of hours students spend studying the p-value and give the implication.
per week and their final exam scores. A sample of 15
students is selected, and their study hours (in hours) and
final exam scores (out of 100) are recorded.

Study Hours Exam Scores

4 65
6 75
Show your answers here!
3 60
8 80
5 70
7 78
6 72
9 85
4 68
7 77
5 71
8 82
6 76
10 88
5 79
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Pearson’s Correlation Step by Step Procedure:

2. Transfer both variables to the right box as shown

1. After setting-up the data, above. The results appear on the righ pannel.
you can go to “Analyses” then
look for “Correlation Matrix”.

Correlation Matrix

Exam Scores Study Hours

Exam Scores Pearson's r —

p-value —

Study Hours Pearson's r 0.936 —

p-value < .001 —

Interpretation:

The computed 𝑟 is 0.936 which indicates a very high positive correlation. Since the p-value is less than 0.05, this
implies that there is a significant relationship between “Exam Scores” and “Study Hours”
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Problem 2
Simple Linear Regression 1. Describe the of relationship of the variables.
Problem: 2. What can you say about the 𝑟2?
You are studying the relationship between the number of 3. Determine the p-value.
years of work experience and an employee's salary. For a 4. Is the model significant? If yes, write the
sample of n=15 employees, you collect data on their years equation of the model in terms of 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏.
of experience and corresponding annual salaries. Your
objective is to perform simple linear regression to model
the relationship between work experience and salary,
allowing you to predict salaries based on the number of
years of work experience.

Show your answers here!

 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

1. After setting-up the data, you

2. The Dependent Variable is “Annual Salary” and
go to “Analyses” then look for
“Linear Regression”. the Covariate is the “Years of Service”. Tranfer
these appropriately. Once done, the results will
reveal on the right pannel.

2. Click the F-test and Ominibus ANOVA test.

Make sure that they will show the same p-value.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Model Fit Measures

Overall Model Test

Model R R² F df1 df2 p

1 0.981 0.961 449 1 18 < .001

Interpretation:

The computed 𝑟 is 0.981 whics shows very high positive correlation. The 𝑟2 which is 0.961 indicates the total variation in the
“Annual Salary” as explained by the “Years of Exeperience”.

Omnibus ANOVA Test

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p

Years of Experience 7737 1 7736.8 449 < .001

Residuals 310 18 17.2

Note. Type 3 sum of squares

Interpretation:

The p-value in the Omnibus ANOVA which is less than 0.05 suggests that the overall model is significant.

Model Coefficients - Annual Salary

Predictor Estimate SE t p

Intercept 34.58 2.060 16.8 < .001

Years of Experience 7.02 0.331 21.2 < .001

Interpretation:

The model can be represented as Annual Salary=7.02(Years of Service)+34.58, p<0.05.

 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Problem 3
One-Sample t-test 1. What is the given test value?
Problem: 2. Determine the p-value and the mean difference.
You are testing the claim that the average time it takes for 3. State whether the difference is significant or not.
individuals to complete a certain task is 15 minutes. A 4. Determine and describe the Cohen’s d.
sample of 25 individuals is randomly selected, and their 5. Write the equation in the form of
task completion times (in minutes) are recorded. 𝑡(𝑑𝑓) = 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠′𝑡, 𝑝 − 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒.

Task Completion Time

16
14
15
17
16
14
15 Show your answers here!
18
14
16
15
17
16
15
14
18
16
15
17
15
14
16
18
15
17
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Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Step by Step Procedure

1. After setting-up the data, you

go to “Analyses” then look for
“One-Sample T-test”.

2. The Dependent Variable is the “Task

Completion Time.” Transfer this appropriately.
Once done, the results will reveal on the right
pannel.

3. Click the Mean Difference and Effect Size. A test

value is required in this setup, in this case the test Note: If the p-value in the Shapiro-Wilk is less than
value is 15 as indcated in the problem. 0.05, then use Wilcoxon Rank.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

One Sample T-Test

One Sample T-Test

Mean Effect
Statistic df p
difference Size

Task Completion Student's Cohen's

2.75 24.0 0.011 0.720 0.551
Time t d

Note. Hₐ μ ≠ 15

Normality Test (Shapiro-Wilk)

W p

Task Completion Time 0.905 0.024

Note. A low p-value suggests a violation of the assumption of normality

Intepretation:

Since the p-value is less than 0.05, then this implies that there is a significant difference between
the Test Value and Task Completed Time. The medium postive effect size indicates the
participants performed longer than the expected completion time.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Problem 4
Dependent t-test 1. Determine the p-value and mean difference.
Problem: 2. State if the difference is signicant or not.
You are evaluating the effectiveness of a new training 3. Compare pre-test against post-test results.
program designed to improve employees' coding skills. 4. Determine and describe the value of Cohen’s d.
A sample of 12 employees undergoes the training, and 5. Write the equation in terms of
their coding test scores before and after the program are 𝑡(𝑑𝑓) = 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠′𝑡, 𝑝 − 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒.
recorded.
Employee Before Training After Training
1 75 85
2 68 80 Show your answers here!
3 72 78
4 80 92
5 65 75
6 78 88
7 70 82
8 85 95
9 62 70
10 75 88
11 68 75
12 72 80
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Paired sample t-test quick guide:

1. After setting-up the data, you

go to “Analyses” then look for
“Paied Sample T-test”.

2. The Paired Variables are “Before

Training” and “After Training”. Transfer
these appropriately. Once done, the results
will reveal on the right pannel.

3. Click the Mean Difference and Effect Size.

Note: If the p-value in the Shapiro-Wilk is less than

0.05, then use Wilcoxon Rank.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Paired Samples T-Test

Mean SE Effect
statistic df p
difference difference Size

Before After Student's Cohen's

-15.4 11.0 < .001 -9.83 0.638 -4.45
Training Training t d

Normality Test (Shapiro-Wilk)

W p

Before Training - After Training 0.931 0.391

Note. A low p-value suggests a violation of the assumption of normality

Interpretation:

Since the p-value is less than 0.05, we can say that the difference is significant. The negative
large effect size indicates that training significantly improve the coding skills.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Problem 5
Independent t-test 1. Determine the p-value and mean difference.
Problem: 2. State if the difference is signicant or not.
You are comparing the average scores of two different 3. Compare groupa A and group B.
teaching methods in a math class. A sample of 15 students 4. Determine and describe the value of Cohen’s d.
is taught with Method A, and another sample of 15 5. Write the equation in terms of
students is taught with Method B. Their math test scores 𝑡(𝑑𝑓) = 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠′𝑡, 𝑝 − 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒.
are recorded..

Method A Method B
85 92
78 85
90 88 Show your answers here!
82 78
88 91
75 80
92 87
80 79
85 90
78 82
87 88
79 83
84 89
76 81
89 86
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

1. After setting-up the data, you

go to “Analyses” then look for
“Independent Sample T-test”.

Note: This analysis requires

proper coding!

2. The Dependent Variables is “Average Score” and

the Grouping Variable is “METHOD”. Transfer these
appropriately. Once done, the results will reveal on
the right pannel.

3. Click the Mean Difference and Effect Size.

Note: If the p-value in the Shapiro-Wilk is less than

0.05, then use Mann-Whitney. If the p-value of
Levene’s is less than 0.05, then use Welch’s.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Independent Samples T-Test

Mean SE Effect
Statistic df p
difference difference Size

Average Student's Cohen's

-1.14 28.0 0.264 -2.07 1.81 -0.416
Scores t d

Normality Test (Shapiro-Wilk)

W p

Average Scores 0.955 0.226

Note. A low p-value suggests a violation of the assumption of normality

Homogeneity of Variances Test (Levene's)

F df df2 p

Average Scores 0.744 1 28 0.396

Note. A low p-value suggests a violation of the assumption of equal variances

Interpretation:

Since the p-value is greater than 0.05, it is not safe to say that the difference (-2.07) with -0.416
effect size is significant.
 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Problem 6
Analysis of Variance 1. Determine the p-value of the ANOVA.
Problem: 2. State if the difference in the average test score is
You are investigating the effect of three different signicant or not.
fertilizers on plant growth. Three groups of plants are 3. Show the mean difference between groups.
treated with Fertilizer P, Fertilizer Q, and Fertilizer R, 4. Declare which among the groups shows better
respectively. The height of the plants (in centimeters) is test score (use Post-hoc Tukey Test)
measured after a specified period.

Fertilizer P Fertilizer Q Fertilizer R

30 35 40 Show your answers here!
32 38 42
28 32 36
35 40 45
38 42 48
33 36 39
29 34 37

1. After setting-up the data, you

go to “Analyses” then look for
“One-way ANOVA”.
2. The Dependent Variables is “Plant Growth” and
Note: This analysis requires the Grouping Variable is “Setup”. Transfer these
proper coding! appropriately. Once done, the results will reveal on
the right pannel.
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Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

3. Click Post-Hoc Tukey Test.

Note: If the p-value in the Levene’s Test is less than

One-Way ANOVA (Fisher's)
0.05, then use Welch’s.
F df1 df2 p

Plant Growth 9.50 2 18 0.002

Normality Test (Shapiro-Wilk)

W p

Plant Growth 0.950 0.336

Note. A low p-value suggests a violation of the assumption of normality

Homogeneity of Variances Test (Levene's)

F df1 df2 p

Plant Growth 0.258 2 18 0.775

 SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231

Tukey Post-Hoc Test – Plant Growth

Fertilizer P Fertilizer Q Fertilizer R

Fertilizer P Mean difference — -4.57 -8.86

p-value — 0.090 0.001

Fertilizer Q Mean difference — -4.29

p-value — 0.116

Fertilizer R Mean difference —

p-value —

Interpretation:

Since the overall p-value is less than 0.05, then we can say that there is a significant difference in the Plant Growth under
different setups. The post-hoc tukey test revealed that P and R shows significant difference with 𝑝 = 0.05. This implies that setup
R shows more growth than setup P.
SAINT JOSEPH SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.
Gov. Camins Avenue P.O Box 210 7000 Zamboanga City
Tel. No. (062) 991-6675 / Fax No. (092) 993-2231