Name_______________________ Period:________

HUMAN GENETICS PRACTICE WORKSHEET #3

1. Explain the difference between incomplete and codominance.

Incomplete dominance blends together and makes a new phenotype .

Codominance cooporate and both phenotypes are equally represented.

Co-Dominance Problems
2. In some chickens, the gene for feather color is controlled by codominance. The allele
for black is B and the allele for white is W. The heterozygous phenotype is known as
erminette (black and white spotted).
a. What is the genotype for black chickens?BB
b. What is the genotype for white chickens? WW
c. What is the genotype for erminette chickens? BW

3. If two erminette chickens were crossed, what is the probability

that: a. They would have a black chick? 25%
b. They would have a white chick? 25%

Parents: BW X BW Show the Punnett Square:

`BB BW

BW WW

4. A black chicken and a white chicken are crossed. What is the probability that they will
have erminette chicks? 100%

Parents: BB X WW Show the Punnett Square:

BW BW

BW BW

5. Roan is a coat color found in many animals, including horses, cattle and dogs. It is
defined generally as an even mixture of white and red hair. What offspring are expected
from mating a roan bull and a roan cow? ( roan = red and white) 25./. Red, so/
 roan,whitep

6. What phenotypes would you expect from a cross between a red bull and a white cow? 100./. Red
and white (roan)

7. Two short-tailed (Manx) cats are bred together. They produce three kittens with long
tails, five short tails, and two without any tails. From these results, how do you think tail
length in these cats are inherited? Show the genotypes for both the parents and the
offspring to support your answer.

3 long; 5 short;2 many=blend=inc dom inherited through this genetic pattern

Short T-T long T-T manx T-T parent genotypes;T-T

1
Incomplete Dominance Problems
1. In snapdragons, flower color is controlled by incomplete dominance. The two alleles
are red (R) and white (w). The heterozygous genotype is expressed as pink. a. What is
the phenotype of a plant with the genotype RR? ____red_______ b. What is the
phenotype of a plant with the genotype ww? ____white_______ c. What is the
phenotype of a plant with the genotype Rw? __pink_________

2. A pink-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant. What is the probability

of producing a pink-flowered plant? ____%

Parents: __RR__ X __RR__ Show the Punnett Square:

3. What cross will produce the most pink-flowered plants? Show a punnett square to
support your answer.

Parents: __RR__ X _RR_ Show the Punnett Square:

4. In Andalusian fowls, black individuals (BB) and white individuals (ww) are
homozygous.
A homozygous black bird is crossed with a homozygous white bird. The offspring are all
bluish-gray. Show the cross as well as the genotypes and phenotypes of the parents and
offspring.

Parents = BB (black) X bb (white)

Genotype - 100% bb = grey

5. What results if a black individual is crossed with a bluish-gray individual? (SHOW

YOUR WORK) 50% offspring BB (black) 50% is bb (blue-gray)

6. If two bluish-gray individuals were crossed, what would be the ratios for both
phenotype and genotype of the offspring?

1;B (black) 2; BB´(blue-grey) 3; B´ B´ (white)

2
Codominance (Blood types)

Human blood types are determined by genes that follow the CODOMINANCE
pattern of inheritance. There are two dominant alleles A and B) and one
recessive allele o.
Blood Genotype Can donate blood to: Can receive blood from:
Type
(Phenotyp
e)

O oo A,B,AB and O O
(universal donor)

AB AB AB A,B,AB and O
(universal receiver)
 A AA or Ao AB, A O,A

B BB or Bo AB,B O,B

1. Write the genotype for each person based on the description:

a. Homozygous for the “B” allele i i

b. Heterozygous for the “A” allele iht
c. Type O l i
d. Type “A” and had a type “O” parent lal
e. Type “AB” i i
f. Blood can be donated to anybody i i
g. Can only get blood from a type “O” donor i i

2. Pretend that Brad Pitt is homozygous for the type B allele, and Angelina
Jolie is type “O.” What are all the possible blood types of their baby?
(show your work) type B blood

3. Draw a Punnett square showing all the possible blood types for the
offspring produced by a type “O” mother and an a Type “AB” father
type A or B blood

4. Mrs. Clink is type “A” and Mr. Clink is type “O.” They have three children
named Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Mark is type “O,” Matthew is type “A,”
and Luke is type “AB.” Based on this information:
a. Mr. Clink must have the genotype i i
b. Mrs. Clink must have the genotype mark because i ihas blood type i
i
c. Luke cannot be the child of these parents because neither parent
has the allele B

3
5. Two parents think their baby was switched at the hospital. Its 1968, so
DNA fingerprinting technology does not exist yet. The mother has blood
type “O,” the father has blood type “AB,” and the baby has blood type
“B.” a. Mother’s genotype: __ll_____
b. Father’s genotype: ___iAiB____
c. Baby’s genotype: __iA____ or ___iAiA_____
d. Punnett square showing all possible genotypes for children
produced by this couple
e. Was the baby switched? No blood type B

6. Two other parents think their baby was switched at the hospital. The
 mother has blood type “A,” the father has blood type “B,” and the baby has
blood type “AB.”
a. Mother’s genotype: ___iAi____ or ___iAiA_____
b. Father’s genotype: __lbi_____ or ____iBiB___
c. Baby’s genotype: __iAiB____
d. Punnett square that shows the baby’s genotype as a possibility:
e. Was the baby switched? NO

7. Based on the information in this table, which man could not be the father
of the baby? Justify your answer with a Punnett square. The first there
and the 5th one couldn't be a father because it needs to contribute its iB
allele
Name Blood Type

Mother Type A

Baby Type B

The Postman Type O

The UPS driver Type AB

The waiter Type A

The cable guy Type B

8. Based on the information in this table, which man could not be the father
of the baby? Justify your answer with a Punnett square.
The first three couldnt be the father because it needs to give a iA or iB
Name Blood Type

Mother Type O

Baby Type A

Pharmacist Type O

Hairdresser Type AB

Cabdriver Type A

Flight attendant Type B

9. Explain why blood type data cannot prove who the father of a baby is, and
can only prove who the father is not. Tons of people have each other blood
type can't prove who the father is not because of the results of punnett
squares

4
X-linked Traits
In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (XR) is dominant to white (Xr).
1. What are the sexes and eye colors of flies with the following genotypes:

a. X R X r _____female-red____________

b. X R Y _____male-red____________
c. X R X R_______female-red__________
d. X r Y ______male-white___________

2. What are the genotypes of these flies:

a. white eyed, male ___xRy_________
b. red eyed female (heterozygous) __xRxr______
c. white eyed, female _xRxR__________
d. red eyed, male _____xRy______

3. Show the cross of a white eyed female X r X r with a red-eyed

male X R Y .

4. Show a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male.
a. What are the genotypes of the parents __xRxR_____&
____xRy________
b. How many are white eyed, male__0%_
c. How many are white eyed, female __0%_
d. How many are red eyed, male ___50%_
e. How many are red eyed, female __50%__

5. Show the cross of a red eyed female (heterozygous) and a red eyed male.
a. What are the genotypes of the parents? ____xRxY_______ &
_______xRy_________
b. How many are white eyed, male_25%__
c. How many are white eyed, female _0%__
d. How many are red eyed, male __25%__
e. How many are red eyed, female 50%____

5
6. In humans, hemophilia is a sex linked trait. Females can be normal, carriers,
 or have the disease. Males will either have the disease or not (but they won’t
ever be carriers)

= female, normal
= male, normal

= female, carrier
= male, hemophiliac

= female, hemophiliac

a. Show the cross of a man who has hemophilia with a woman who is a
carrier.

b. What is the probability that their children will have the disease?
___50%_______

7. A woman who is a carrier marries a normal man. Show the cross.

a. What is the probability that their children will have hemophilia?

25%

b. What sex will a child in the family with hemophilia be? Male

8. A woman who has hemophilia marries a normal man.

a. How many of their children will have hemophilia, and what is their
sex? 50% male(only)

In cats, the gene for calico (multicolored) cats is codominant. Females that
receive a B and an R gene have black and orange splotches on white coats.
Males can only be black or orange, but never calico.
Here’s what a calico female’s genotype would look like. X B X R
9. Show the cross of a female calico cat with a black male.

a. What percentage of the kittens will be black and male?

_____25%____ b. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and male?
___0%______ c. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female?
____25%_____ 10.Show the cross of a female black cat, with a male orange
cat.
a. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female?
__50%___ b. What color will all the male cats be? __black___