International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS)

Vol. 12, No. 4, December 2023, pp. 350~360

ISSN: 2252-8814, DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v12.i4.pp350-360  350

Development of a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-

based speed monitoring and control system for DC motor

Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi1, Ayoade Benson Ogundare2, Tolulope Christiana Erinosho1,

Moyosoluwalorun Odunayo Sonola1, Adesewa Rofiat Adesanu1
1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,
2
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Lagos State University of Science and Technology, Ikorodu, Nigeria

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: Speed control is a key requirement in direct current (DC) motor applications
where accuracy, reliability, flexibility, and safety are of high importance. In
Received Jul 9, 2023 this study, a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based DC motor speed
Revised Aug 5, 2023 monitoring and control system were developed. The core components
Accepted Sep 14, 2023 employed in the development of the system include Arduino ATMega328P
microcontroller, thin film technology (TFT) resistive touch screen, L293D
motor driver, and infrared (IR) sensor module. ATMega328P microcontroller
Keywords: is the brain of the system around which the overall circuit design was modeled.
TFT resistive touch screen displays the motor speed and also, enables the
DC motor users to set a desired speed. L293D motor driver regulates the voltage and
Microcontroller current supplied to the motor, and a feedback loop comprising an IR sensor
Resistive touch screen module ensures the maintenance of the motor speed at the desired level. A
Speed control performance test was conducted on the developed system to ascertain its
Speed monitoring correct functionality. The developed speed monitoring and control system
operated satisfactorily during testing; achieving a speed control in the range
of 800 to 3000 rpm. The developed device is useful and can be scaled up for
various domestic and industrial applications.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering,
Federal University of Agriculture
Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
Email: [email protected]

1. INTRODUCTION
A direct current (DC) motor is an apparatus that transforms electrical energy into mechanical power.
It finds numerous uses in household, robotics, and industrial automation applications [1]–[3]. DC motor is very
famous because of its simplicity, growing technologies in its control, and its good performance on
implementation [4]–[6]. In most applications, the regulation of DC motor speed is of great significance,
particularly in applications that necessitate precise control, dependable protection, and flexible operation [7],
[8]. Typical applications of these dynamic speed controls are seen in domestic uses such as automated control
of doors and windows, home rotating appliances, and amplifiers [9], [10]. Also, industrial and robotics
applications of DC motors with high control requirements are seen in rolling mills, paper mills mine wonders,
hoist machine tools, robotic arms and hinges, traction, printing presses, and textiles mill among others [11],
[12].
Literature has shown that the majority of DC motor applications benefit from its adaptable speed,
effective speed management, frequent starts and stops, as well as the ability to change direction [13], [14]. The
DC motor control can be attained via either mechanical or electrical means [15], [16]. In the past, the regulation

Journal homepage: http://ijaas.iaescore.com

Int J Adv Appl Sci ISSN: 2252-8814  351

of DC motor speed was predominantly accomplished through mechanical methods, which necessitated bulky
hardware such as step or pulley systems, variable speed friction clutch mechanisms, sets of gears for speed
adjustments, and other similar mechanical devices [17], [18]. Electrical speed control methods offer greater
engineering benefits and are more cost-effective compared to mechanical speed control [19], [20].
The field of electronics has undergone a complete transformation in the regulation of DC motor speed
due to significant advancements. As a result of these advancements, these drives have gained significant relevance
[21], [22]. Speed control is the major feature that is sought in domestic, industrial, and robotics applications of
DC motors [23]. The pursuit of effective means to enhance the productivity of DC motor applications highlights
the necessity for novel techniques to design their control devices [24]–[27]. One of such novel methodologies that
are gaining widespread adoption for varieties of user interface and control applications in recent times involves
the use of graphic displays which provide an enabling environment for the integration of touch screen technology
[28], [29]. The touch screen is a product of robust and advanced technology that can be deployed to suitably
implement a user-friendly interface to enhance the effective regulation of DC motor speed via the generation and
exchange of signals with a microcontroller that controls the driver circuit of the DC motor.
Therefore, in this study, a system capable of monitoring and controlling DC motor speed using
combined actions of a microcontroller and a resistive touch screen was developed. While a microcontroller and
infra-red sensor interact to control the speed of the DC motor speed, a thin film technology (TFT) resistive
touch screen was integrated to improve the motor speed monitoring and tuning by a user. Hence, the system
allows control of the DC motor speed by providing a user-friendly speed-tuning interface through the resistive
touch screen. The system simultaneously measures the DC motor speed and displays the information for better
monitoring. The remaining sections of this study are Section 2 deals with the review of literature, Section 3
presents the methodology adopted, Section 4 discusses the results, and Section 5 gives the conclusion of the
study.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Various suitable techniques have been deployed for efficient monitoring and control of DC motor
speed. These techniques range from the use of conventional switching methods to the application of
microcontrollers, integrated circuits (ICs), and wireless technologies to enhance safety and ease control of DC
motors' speed. A brief review of some of these techniques is hereby presented.
Sai et al. [7] designed and developed a pulse width modulation (PWM) based speed control system for
DC motors comprising electronic components, 555 timer IC, and a potentiometer. Hussain et al. [30] developed
and experimentally validated a DC motor speed control system for a hybrid vehicle utilizing Arduino and
proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controllers. Megalingam et al. [31] utilized Simulink to construct a
position and speed-controlled driver system for a brushless direct current motor, incorporating digital sequential
blocks and semiconductor switching devices. Hammoodi et al. [32] developed and simulated a novel control system
that automatically maintains a constant DC motor speed in the face of load variations, utilizing a PID controller.
Maung et al. [33] worked on a DC motor speed control, taking into account friction compensation,
through the use of a PID controller. The stable performance exhibited by the PID controller in the work is
suitable for robotic arm position control systems and other industrial applications. Ismail et al. [34] developed
a fuzzy logic controller for speed regulation of a series-wound DC motor. The developed controller provided
superior performance over an uncontrolled DC motor in terms of rise time, peak time, settling time, and percent
overshoot. Chandramma et al. [35] implemented a DC motor speed control using Internet of Things (IoT)
technology in which an Arduino controller acts as the central processing unit to govern the motor's actions. To
enable IoT support, the ESP8266 module was linked with the Arduino, while the Blynk mobile application
serves as a platform for remotely controlling connected devices online. Vlad et al. [36] worked on brushless
DC motor speed regulation utilizing an Arduino-based driver controller.
A critical look into the reviewed literature revealed that a variety of relevant and useful techniques
have been deployed in the area of DC motor speed control. However, the utilization of touchscreen technology
seems to be an option yet to be explored. Adoption of this technology for DC motor speed monitoring and
control is a promising direction to improve safety, enable precise speed control, facilitate real-time monitoring,
provide a user-friendly interface, and potentially allow for data logging [28], [29]. Therefore, a control system
that incorporates a resistive touch screen technology for easy and suitable speed regulation of DC motor was
designed and developed in this study.

3. RESEARCH METHOD
3.1. System overview
An overview of the microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed monitoring and control
system developed for DC motors in this study is presented in Figure 1. The speed monitoring and control device
Development of a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed … (Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi)
352  ISSN: 2252-8814

comprises both hardware and software segments. The hardware segment consists of an infrared (IR) sensor
that measures the motor’s analog speed and sends the readings to the Arduino Atmega328p microcontroller,
which is the control unit. The microcontroller converts the analog speed to actual motor speed in revolutions
per minute (rpm) using the speed and pulseIn equations. The resistive touch screen displays the speed
information.
More so, when the resistive touch screen senses touch movement, it processes it as a new speed set
and sends the information to the microcontroller which invariably triggers the speed of the DC motor via the
L293D motor driver. The microcontroller was programmed using the Arduino programming language
developed with C language. The software unit of the system consists mainly of an Arduino integrated
development environment (IDE) where the system components are programmed. The environment facilitated
the sending and receiving of data from the Arduino board through a serial monitor, simplifying debugging
without the need for supplementary software.

IR Sensor Unit Power Supply Unit

Control Unit
Motor (Arduino ATMega
3289)

Resistive Touch
Motor Driver Unit
Screen Unit

Figure 1. An overview of the developed microcontroller and touchscreen-based DC motor speed monitoring
and control device

3.2. Hardware design

3.2.1. Power supply unit
The developed system power supply unit is presented in Figure 2. The input section of the unit
transforms the 220 VAC mains supply to 12 VAC output via a 220/12 V transformer. The obtained 12 VAC
output was deemed unsuitable because the system utilizes DC power at a lower voltage. To address this, the
12 VAC output was rectified, filtered, and regulated using an LM7805 voltage regulator to the 5 VDC required
for the system’s operation. To enable the system to function at any time without needing an external source,
the power supply unit incorporates a Li–ion battery which stores and supplies the required electrical energy.
The charge on the battery is maintained by a TP4056 battery management system.
The filtering capacitance, C, for the circuit, was determined from (1) which was modified with the use
of (2) and (3) to produce (4) [37]:
𝐼𝑡
𝐶= (1)
𝑉

1
𝑡= (2)
4𝑓

𝑉 = √2𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 − 𝑉𝑑 (3)

𝐼
𝐶= (4)
4𝑓(√2𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 −𝑉𝑑 )

where 𝐼, 𝑡, 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 , 𝑉𝑑 and 𝑓 respectively denote the circuit’s peak current, period of full rectification, rectified
voltage, transformer’s output voltage, rectifier’s forward voltage, and AC mains supply frequency.
From (4), the substitution of 𝑓, 𝐼, 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 and 𝑉𝑑 as 50 𝐻𝑧, 500 𝑚𝐴, 12 𝑉, and 1.4 𝑉 respectively gave
the value of C as 160.56 𝜇𝐹. However, for the filtering process, a 100 𝜇𝐹 capacitor is sufficient. Therefore, the

Int J Adv Appl Sci, Vol. 12, No. 4, December 2023: 350-360
Int J Adv Appl Sci ISSN: 2252-8814  353

choice of 100 𝜇𝐹 for the capacitor 𝐶1 in Figure 2. Capacitor 𝐶2 of 100 𝜇𝐹 was also deployed to further enhance
the filtering of the rectified 12 V output which was regulated to the desired 5 VDC voltage for the system's
internal operation by LM7805.

Figure 2. Power supply unit of the microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed monitoring and
control system for DC motor

3.2.2. Control unit

The Arduino uno board which uses an ATMega328P microcontroller was a major component of the
control unit. The microcontroller acts as the control and processing unit of the system. The Arduino
microcontroller was equipped with a power jack, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, an ICSP header,
a reset button, six analog inputs, and 14 digital input/output pins. The microcontroller was configured using
Arduino programming language derived from the C program. The overall circuit diagram of the developed
microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed monitoring and control system for the DC motor is
shown in Figure 3.
Directly mounted on top of the microcontroller is the resistive touch screen liquid crystal display
(LCD) whose shield was directly connected to the Arduino Atmega328P microcontroller. The resistive touch
screen component has three layers; the TFT touch screen for the display of colorful images and interfaces, the
shield, and a micro-SD card reader for saving images and other necessary data. The resistive touch screen was
also configured using C programming language and implemented with certain libraries to obtain the necessary
functionality and interface. The screen serves two purposes displaying the output of the Arduino
microcontroller (current motor speed sensed by the IR sensor) and collecting input commands (a new motor
speed)
The IR sensor module making up the sensing unit was connected to the Arduino digital pin. It is
responsible for sensing the DC motor speed and sending the resulting analog signal to the Arduino
microcontroller. The module consists of an infrared transceiver. The transmitter end sends infra-red waves
upfront and the photodiode receiver records the observation from the reflected infra-red waves. The sensing
unit was positioned in such a way that the rotating blades of the motor were situated in front of it to allow the
operation of the module to sense the motor speed efficiently. The motor blade is patterned with a light absorbing
and light reflecting part, which when the IR module encounters the reflecting part, interprets it as a rotation,
and concerning the distance between the motor and the module, the speed is obtained and the value in rpm
calculated. The speed expression coded in the microcontroller to obtain the motor speed S in rpm is given by
(5) [38]:

𝑆𝑟𝑝𝑚 = ((60 ∗ 𝑓))/𝑁 (5)

where N and 𝑓 respectively represent the number of reflection portions on the rotating object and the number
of times the IR sensor detects rotation per second in Hz as expressed in (6).

𝑓 = 𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑠𝑒𝐼𝑛(𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑝𝑖𝑛 , 𝐻𝐼𝐺𝐻) (6)

The L293D IC motor driving unit was connected such that all the ground pins were grounded. The
5 V voltage from the power supply unit which enables the IC to operate was connected through input pins 3

Development of a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed … (Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi)

354  ISSN: 2252-8814

and 4. The current supplied to the DC motor was obtained by connecting the output pins 3 and 4 to the two DC
motor probes. Thereafter, the enable pins 3 and 4 of the IC were connected to a digital pin on the Arduino;
working based on the PWM principle and enabling the output pins of the motor. Figure 4 depicts the flow chart
for the operation of the developed system.

Figure 3. Circuit diagram of the developed microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed monitoring
and control system for DC motor

Figure 4. Flow chart for the system operation

Int J Adv Appl Sci, Vol. 12, No. 4, December 2023: 350-360
Int J Adv Appl Sci ISSN: 2252-8814  355

3.3. Testing of the developed system

The developed speed monitoring and control system for the DC motor was subjected to a performance
test after the final phase of implementation when it had been fully packaged. Each of the major units of the
device including the control unit, sensing unit, power supply unit, display unit, and motor driver unit was tested
to ascertain their correct functionality and the overall effectiveness of the developed device.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1. The developed DC motor speed monitoring and control system
Figure 5 presents the fully developed and packaged microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based
speed monitoring and control system for DC motors. The device’s external components namely the casing,
resistive touch screen unit, system switch, DC motor (fan), battery BMS indicator (located at the side), and
external source connector (at the rear) are depicted in Figure 5. Figure 6 shows the internal connection of the
system in Figure 5 where components such as the resistive touch screen shield, the Arduino Atmega328p
microcontroller, IR sensor, L293D motor driver IC, TP4056 BMS module, li-ion battery, and the voltage
transformer make up the developed system are wired to each other.

Figure 5. Developed microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed monitoring and control system
for DC motor

Figure 6. Internal circuitry of the developed microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed
monitoring and control system for DC motor

Development of a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed … (Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi)

356  ISSN: 2252-8814

4.2. Performance test results

The voltage needed to power the developed system is 5 V and the power supply unit was confirmed
to produce the voltage for the system operation through the use of a digital multimeter. The 1000 mAh Li-ion
battery used in the system charges properly when an AC mains supply is plugged in and powers the system
when the AC mains supply is unplugged. The TP4056 battery management system which indicates the battery
status produced a red light while the system was charging and a blue light when it was fully charged. Figure 7
shows the battery management system was active and therefore, indicates that the power supply unit operates
properly during testing.
The resistive touch screen was observed to come on properly when powered with every coordinate on
the screen responding to touch as appropriate. The screen displayed the speed information as it changed.
Figure 8 shows the performance of the resistive display touch screen on testing.

Figure 7. Power supply unit BMS showing the state of the battery (charging)

Figure 8. Resistive touch screen unit in operation

The desired speed control during the testing operation was achieved via the speed increase (red) and
speed decrease (green) buttons on the touch screen which offer the possibility of minimal contact with the
device via a simple tap on either button. The IR sensor operated appropriately on testing, sensing, and
transferring analog signals corresponding to the motor speed to the Arduino microcontroller. With the Arduino
code deployed, the Arduino microcontroller processes the sensor’s analog signals into the actual rpm speed

Int J Adv Appl Sci, Vol. 12, No. 4, December 2023: 350-360
Int J Adv Appl Sci ISSN: 2252-8814  357

and sends the displayed information to the resistive touch screen and likewise receives input information from
it when speed control buttons are pressed. When the user changes the speed level from the screen, the Arduino
microcontroller varies the PWM signal going into the enable pin of the L293D motor driver IC which in turn
varies the motor speed. Figures 9 to 12 show the speed control at different rpm values.
The main difference between the model of DC motor speed monitoring and control system developed
in this study and similar models available in literature employing microcontroller and touch screen technologies
is the range of speed that could be controlled. While the model developed in the present study offered speed
control in the 800 to 3000 rpm range, two of the models available from the literature offered speed control in
the range of 80 to 200 rpm [28] and 190 to 774 rpm [29]. Hence, the developed DC motor speed monitoring
and control system could be deployed for speed control for higher speed applications, unlike its counterparts
from the literature.

Figure 9. Motor speed controlled at 840 rpm Figure 10. Motor speed controlled at 1500 rpm

Figure 11. Motor speed controlled at 2040 rpm Figure 12. Motor speed controlled at 2520 rpm

5. CONCLUSION
A microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed monitoring and control system for DC Motor
was designed, implemented, and tested. The Arduino Atmega328p microcontroller was used as the central
component around which the functionalities of other components in the system including the IR sensor to the
resistive touch screen and L293D motor driver module depend. The implementation of the overall system in
this study produced the expected simple and easier speed control performance in the range of 800 to 3000 rpm
for the DC motor through the user-friendly interface created by the combined use of Arduino Atmega328p
microcontroller and TFT resistive touch screen. This system as a prototype could be adopted and scaled up for
speed control for various domestic and industrial applications. In this line, further work is ongoing to develop
an improved model of the DC motor speed monitoring and control system that would offer a wider speed
control range and four-quadrant operation over the model presented.
Development of a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed … (Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi)
358  ISSN: 2252-8814

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors wish to appreciate everyone who assisted in the accomplishment of this work. Special
thanks to Hamzatronics Technologies, Alabata, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria for immense technical
assistance.

REFERENCES
[1] D. D. Kumar, M. Rambabu, B. Yogesh, and G. Likhitha, “Control techniques for BLDC motor : a review,” International Journal
of Research Publication and Reviews, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 294–302, 2022.
[2] K. Boudane, “Velocity control of a DC motor using PID and CDM method based on MATLAB/Simulink and Arduino,” Instituto
Politecnico de Braganca (Portugal), 2021.
[3] R. Rahmatullah, A. Ak, and N. F. O. Serteller, “SMC controller design for DC motor speed control applications and performance
comparison with FLC, PID and PI controllers,” in Intelligent Sustainable Systems, 2023, pp. 607–617. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-
7663-6_57.
[4] A. Ma’arif, Iswanto, N. M. Raharja, P. A. Rosyady, A. R. C. Baswara, and A. A. Nuryono, “Control of DC motor using Proportional
integral derivative (PID): Arduino hardware implementation,” in 2020 2nd International Conference on Industrial Electrical and
Electronics (ICIEE), Oct. 2020, pp. 74–78. doi: 10.1109/ICIEE49813.2020.9277258.
[5] T. A. Zarma, A. A. Galadima, and M. A. Aminu, “Review of motors for electrical vehicles,” Journal of Scientific Research and
Reports, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1–6, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.9734/jsrr/2019/v24i630170.
[6] I. Damilola Fajuke and A. Raji, “Optimal tuning of PID controller for speed control of DC motor using equilibrium optimizer,”
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 89–101, Apr. 2023, doi:
10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i1.pp89-101.
[7] K. R. Sai, V. D. K. Vamsi, V. V. Kumar, B. P. Kumar, and P. Sudheer, “DC motor speed control using PWM technique,” Global
Journal of Engineering Science and Researches, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 27–31, 2020.
[8] C. Liu, K. T. Chau, C. H. T. Lee, and Z. Song, “A critical review of advanced electric nachines and control strategies for electric
vehicles,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 1004–1028, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2020.3041417.
[9] K. S. Gulghane, S. S. Sherekar, and V. M. Thakare, “IoT based smart home automation system,” Journal of Emerging Technologies
and Innovative Research, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 35–39, 2019.
[10] S. Tayyaba, S. A. Khan, M. W. Ashraf, and V. E. Balas, “Home automation using IoT,” in Recent Trends and Advances in Artificial
Intelligence and Internet of Things, 2020, pp. 343–388. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-32644-9_31.
[11] K. Muralidhar and N. Rajasekar, “A review of various components of solar water‐pumping system: Configuration, characteristics,
and performance,” International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 31, no. 9, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1002/2050-
7038.13002.
[12] A. Mayr et al., “Electric motor production 4.0 – application potentials of industry 4.0 technologies in the manufacturing of electric
motors,” in 2018 8th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC), Dec. 2018, pp. 1–13. doi:
10.1109/EDPC.2018.8658294.
[13] W. Cai, X. Wu, M. Zhou, Y. Liang, and Y. Wang, “Review and development of electric motor systems and electric powertrains for
new energy vehicles,” Automotive Innovation, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 3–22, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s42154-021-00139-z.
[14] X. Lin, Y. Liu, and Y. Wang, “Design and research of DC motor speed control system based on improved BAS,” in 2018 Chinese
Automation Congress (CAC), Nov. 2018, pp. 3701–3705. doi: 10.1109/CAC.2018.8623171.
[15] I. Husain et al., “Electric drive technology trends, challenges, and opportunities for future electric vehicles,” Proceedings of the
IEEE, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 1039–1059, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2020.3046112.
[16] H. A. Toliyat, G. B. Kliman, and N. Kopp, Handbook of electric motors. CRC Press, 2018.
[17] B. Li, “Control systems for precision machines,” in Precision Machines, 2020, pp. 265–290. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0381-4_13.
[18] N. Kashiri et al., “An overview on principles for energy efficient robot locomotion,” Frontiers in Robotics and AI, vol. 5, Dec.
2018, doi: 10.3389/frobt.2018.00129.
[19] S. Sharma, A. K. Panwar, and M. M. Tripathi, “Storage technologies for electric vehicles,” Journal of Traffic and Transportation
Engineering (English Edition), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 340–361, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jtte.2020.04.004.
[20] M. İnci, M. Büyük, M. H. Demir, and G. İlbey, “A review and research on fuel cell electric vehicles: Topologies, power electronic
converters, energy management methods, technical challenges, marketing and future aspects,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, vol. 137, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110648.
[21] A. Salkić, H. Muhović, and D. Jokić, “Siemens S7-1200 PLC DC motor control capabilities,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 55, no. 4,
pp. 103–108, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.06.017.
[22] S. Arunkumar, N. Mohana Sundaram, R. Thottungal, and A. Shreya, “A bridge type DC-DC converter fed BLDC motor drive for
household appliances,” in 2021 International Conference on Advancements in Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computing
and Automation (ICAECA), Oct. 2021, pp. 1–4. doi: 10.1109/ICAECA52838.2021.9675498.
[23] S. Gowri, S. Srinivasulu, U. J. Blessy, and K. M. C. Vinitha, “Implementation of IoT in multiple functions robotic arm: a survey,”
in ICCBI 2019: Proceeding of the International Conference on Computer Networks, Big Data and IoT (ICCBI - 2019), 2020, pp.
948–952. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-43192-1_104.
[24] M. S. Ibrahim, W. Dong, and Q. Yang, “Machine learning driven smart electric power systems: Current trends and new
perspectives,” Applied Energy, vol. 272, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115237.
[25] M. Serror, S. Hack, M. Henze, M. Schuba, and K. Wehrle, “Challenges and opportunities in securing the industrial Internet of
Things,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 2985–2996, May 2021, doi: 10.1109/TII.2020.3023507.
[26] K. V. Singh, H. O. Bansal, and D. Singh, “A comprehensive review on hybrid electric vehicles: architectures and components,”
Journal of Modern Transportation, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 77–107, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s40534-019-0184-3.
[27] Z. Shi et al., “Artificial intelligence techniques for stability analysis and control in smart grids: Methodologies, applications,
challenges and future directions,” Applied Energy, vol. 278, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115733.
[28] M. A. Ullah, “A model on programmable touch screen based DC motor speed control - design and implementation,” IOSR Journal
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 40–45, 2016.
[29] S. K. Sahoo, W. R. Sultana, and S. Mallika, “Touch screen based speed control of single phase induction motor,” International
Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 392–396, 2010.
[30] M. M. Hussain, A. R. Mustafa, M. A. Chaudary, and A. Razaq, “Design and implementation of hybrid vehicle using control of DC

Int J Adv Appl Sci, Vol. 12, No. 4, December 2023: 350-360
Int J Adv Appl Sci ISSN: 2252-8814  359

electric motor,” in 2019 54th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Sep. 2019, pp. 1–6. doi:
10.1109/UPEC.2019.8893604.
[31] R. K. Megalingam, S. R. R. Vadivel, B. T. Pula, S. R. Sathi, and U. S. C. Gupta, “Motor control design for position measurement
and speed control,” in 2019 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP), Apr. 2019, pp. 0405–
0409. doi: 10.1109/ICCSP.2019.8698016.
[32] S. J. Hammoodi, K. S. Flayyih, and A. R. Hamad, “Design and implementation speed control system of DC motor based on PID
control and MATLAB/Simulink,” International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS), vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 127–
134, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i1.pp127-134.
[33] M. M. Maung, M. M. Latt, and C. M. Nwe, “DC motor angular position control using PID controller with friction compensation,”
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 149–155, Nov. 2018, doi:
10.29322/IJSRP.8.11.2018.p8321.
[34] N. L. Ismail, K. A. Zakaria, N. S. M. Nazar, M. Syaripuddin, A. S. N. Mokhtar, and S. Thanakodi, “DC motor speed control using
fuzzy logic controller,” in International Conference on Engineering and Technology, 2018. doi: 10.1063/1.5022920.
[35] Chandramma, P. Prakash, P. Nandankar, H. Roopa, I. Kathir, and P. Singh, “Automation of camel race by controlling DC motor
speed using Blynk application through IoT,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2023. doi: 10.1063/5.0120314.
[36] M. Vlad, P. Popov, and D. Vasile, “Simulation of Arduino Mega 2560 board controlling a variable frequency converter driving a
BLDC motor,” in 2020 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering (EE&AE), Nov. 2020, pp.
1–4. doi: 10.1109/EEAE49144.2020.9278996.
[37] B. L. Theraja, A textbook of electrical technology. New Delhi, India: S. Chandi and Company Ltd, 2008.
[38] C. M. Burt, X. Piao, F. Gaudi, B. Busch, and N. F. Taufik, “Electric motor efficiency under variable frequencies and loads,” Journal
of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, vol. 134, no. 2, pp. 129–136, Apr. 2008, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2008)134:2(129).

BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi has been at Federal University of Agriculture,

Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria since 2011. He is presently a senior lecturer in the Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, FUNAAB, and specializes in power systems and
electrical machines engineering. He received his B.Eng., M.Eng., and Ph.D. degrees in
electrical and electronics engineering from FUNAAB in 2010, 2013, and 2019 respectively.
He is a Member of the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE) and a Registered Engineer with
the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN). His research focuses on
power system network design and analysis, electrical machines design and analysis, and
engineering education among others. He can be contacted at email:
[email protected].

Ayoade Benson Ogundare is with Lagos State University of Science and

Technology, Nigeria and he is currently a senior lecturer in the Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering of the Institution. He holds B. Eng., M.Eng., and Ph.D. in Electrical
and Electronics Engineering from the University of Ilorin, University of Lagos, and
FUNAAB, all in Nigeria in 1992, 2010, and 2021 respectively. He is a specialist in power
systems and electrical machines engineering. He is a Member of NSE and a Registered
Engineer with COREN). His research focuses on power system network modeling and
analysis, electrical machine design and analysis, and engineering education among others.
He can be contacted at email: [email protected].

Tolulope Christiana Erinosho received her B.Eng., M.Eng., and Ph.D. degrees
in electrical and electronics engineering from FUNAAB, University of Lagos, FUNAAB, all
in Nigeria in 2008, 2016, and 2023 respectively. She has been at FUNAAB since 2019 and
she is currently a lecturer in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering of the
Institution. She specializes in communications and signal processing engineering. She is a
Member of the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE), Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE), USA, the Nigerian Institution of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(NIEEE), Association of Professional Women Engineers in Nigeria (APWEN), and a
Registered Engineer with the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN).
Her research focuses on clean energy technologies, electromagnetic theories and applications
in energy generation, and digital signal processing among others. She can be contacted at
email: [email protected].

Development of a microcontroller and resistive touchscreen-based speed … (Oluwaseun Ibrahim Adebisi)

360  ISSN: 2252-8814

Moyosoluwalorun Odunayo Sonola is a first-class B.Eng. graduate of the

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, FUNAAB in the 2020/2021 academic
session. He is a Graduate Member of NSE. He has a deep passion for electronics and the
Internet of Things (IoT) and actively sought out opportunities to expand his knowledge and
skills in these fields. He can be contacted at email: [email protected].

Adesewa Rofiat Adesanu is a second-class (upper division) graduate of the

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, FUNAAB in the 2020/2021 academic
session She is a Graduate Member of NSE. She has a keen interest in electronic designs. She
can be contacted at email: [email protected].

Int J Adv Appl Sci, Vol. 12, No. 4, December 2023: 350-360