BOOK REVIEWS

and are so frequently the most critical components in mechanics included in the undergraduate curriculum of a
mechanical systems, this book and ADORE should prove to school of engineering, with additional advantages for those
be very useful engineering tools. Only rarely is the source code having proceeded to the master's degree level. The author is a
for a major program published, and even more rarely is a product of the Lurie-Goldenveizer tradition of research in
complete book devoted to such a program. The author is to be shell theory and a significant contributor in his own right.
heartily congratulated on the major program which he has There are altogether six chapters in this compactly written
produced and the excellent book which complements it. work, with more material per page than is often found
The book is organized into two main parts. Chapters 1 nowadays.
through 6 provide a thorough discussion of the underlying The first chapter is an introduction to the two-dimensional
mathematics and mechanics for the problem. Chapter 1 is a analysis of stress and strain in thin layers, combined with the
good overview of the range of problems covered, and shows three-dimensional fundamentals which are required for the

Downloaded from http://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/appliedmechanics/article-pdf/53/3/732/5459291/732_2.pdf by Indian Institute of Technology- Roorkee user on 05 June 2024
why and when it is desirable to use either a "quasi-static formulation of two-dimensional constitutive relations. The
model" or a "dynamic model." The former permits a author limits himself at the outset to the classical approach
kinetostatic solution for known relative motions of the races which neglects the effects of transverse shear and normal
(via a Newton-Raphson type numerical method of the govern- stresses in the sense of Kirchhoff. On the other hand, the
ing system of nonlinear algebraic equations). This solution re- presentation includes the relevant finiteness aspects, subject to
quires the use of certain assumed kinematical constraints an assumption of small strain.
which limit the validity of the results to a restricted, but The second chapter describes analytical solution procedures
useful, range of conditions. Chapter 2 describes the various with emphasis on the difference between shells which are
coordinate transformations which will be needed, and gives "stiff" as against those which are "flexible". An interesting
the appropriate Newton-Euler equations for the system. discussion concerns the difference between simplified shell
Chapter 3 is devoted to the geometric relationships between equations based on a stipulation that the direction of the shell
the various components that determine the relative velocity or normal varies less rapidly than the state of stress, in the sense
slip vector between all contacting surface elements, and the of Vlasov, and on a stipulation of shallowness, in the sense of
shape and extent of the assumed Hertzian contact patches on Marguerre.
contacting bodies. The constitutive relations used to convert Chapter 3 is devoted to rotationally symmetric problems for
local slip and pressure into surface tractions are described in shells of revolution. It begins with a discussion of membrane
Chapter 4, where results from the literature on problems and proceeds to the conventional treatment of cylin-
elastohydrodynamic lubrication are summarized. These drical shells, prior to a discussion of the general shell of
results take into account the effects of temperature and revolution problem, including finite deflection effects, with a
pressure on the rheological properties of various lubricants. In valuable discussion of historical aspects. An example from the
Chapter 5, the drag forces, and churning moments produced linear theory of spherical shells is used to illustrate the relative-
on the moving bodies by the lubricant are discussed. In view of ly small differences between exact results and two different
the general complex internal geometry involved, the author kinds of asymptotic results in other than shallow shells, for
states that the results introduced here are to be considered as which a different treatment is presented (which would have
first approximations which establish general trends. Two types gained in effectiveness if the author had been aware of a com-
of numerical integration algorithms are described in Chapter 6 prehensive paper on this subject in the J. Math, and Phys.,
(Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg, and the author's modification of an Vol. 25, pp. 279-300, 1946). Additional material is devoted to
Adams type method). In program ADORE, the user may in- conical shells and, in particular, to linear and nonlinear pro-
voke either of these algorithms, based upon some guidelines blems of toroidal shells.
presented. Chapter 4 deals with shells of revolution without rotational
The second part of the book (Chapters 7-10) describes symmetry of loads, now limited to linear-theory problems.
features of program ADORE, and includes such topics as: Chapter 5 brings a sophisticated analysis of unsymmetrical
program structure, program capabilities, input/output, per- bending of cylindrical shells, with particular emphasis on what
formance simulations, experimental validation, and guidelines is designated as semimembrane theory. On the basis of this
for rolling bearing design. semimembrane theory there follows a substantial treatment of
The book is a fine illustration of modern techniques for ap- the problems of curved tube bending, a subject to which the
plying analytical and numerical tools to a complex engineering author himself has contributed significantly.
system by an adept utilization of exact theory, experimental A final chapter discusses the problem of elastic stability, in-
results, and some judiciously applied semiempirical results. cluding the question of imperfection sensitivity. Particular at-
The author has skillfully integrated concepts from applied tention is devoted to the effect of prebuckling deformations
mechanics, elastohydrodynamics, and numerical analysis, on critical loads, specifically in connection with the author's
with a practical command of rolling bearing design. The ex- analysis of the problem of localized buckles as these modify
position is very good, if somewhat terse in parts. Brazier's St. Venant type analysis of finite tube bending.
Undoubtedly the book, and the ADORE program, will be All in all, this is a valuable work with much information not
invaluable for workers in advanced design and applied otherwise existing in book form. No serious student of the
research on rolling element bearings. It should also be of con- subject of shells, from the point of view of the foundations of
siderable value to experts in applied machanics, who are solid mechanics, or from the point of view of computational
curious about the complicated dynamic processes taking place mechanics, should be unaware of its contents.
within rolling element bearings.

Schalentheori, by E. L. Axelrad. B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart, An Introduction to the Theory of Seismology, by K. E. Bullen

West Germany, 1983. 211 pages [In German] and B. A. Bolt. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1985.
499 pages. Price: $69.50/hardcover; $24.95/paperback.
REVIEWED BY E. REISSNER3
REVIEWED BY J. W. RUDNICKI4
This relatively brief book is intended for students and
engineers with a solid mastery of the mathematics and
4
Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, University of Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Northwestern
California at San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. 92093. Life Fellow, ASME. University, Evanston, IL 60201.

732/ Vol. 53, SEPTEMBER 1986 Transactions of the ASME

Copyright © 1986 by ASME
 BOOK REVIEWS

This is a revision by B. A. Bolt of K. E. Bullen's well-known The first chapter outlines the subject of seismology. The
book of the same title. Bullen's book was first published in next five chapters treat the elements of elasticity, wave pro-
1947 and last revised in 1963. Although there are other good pagation, and vibrations emphasizing aspects needed in
books on seismology, some written recently, that treat certain seismology. Chapters 7 and 8 discuss the use of ray theory
aspects of the subject better, Bullen's book has been a durable (geometric optics) to predict the amplitudes and arrival times
contribution and remains arguably the best introduction to the of seismic waves in spherically stratified earth models.
theory of seismology. As Bolt explains in the preface to this Chapter 9 discusses the theory of the seismograph, Chapter 10
edition, Bullen had intended to revise the book again and had the construction of travel time tables from seismological
made extensive notes to this end, but his death in 1976 observations, and Chapter 11 the seismological observatory.
prevented him from doing so. Consequently, Bolt took up the Chapter 12 treats the theory of seismic waves in anomalous
task and has succeeded admirably in his stated aim: "keeping structures. Chapters 13 and 14 discuss the structure of the

Downloaded from http://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/appliedmechanics/article-pdf/53/3/732/5459291/732_2.pdf by Indian Institute of Technology- Roorkee user on 05 June 2024
what remains most useful of the 1963 text, but incorporating earth's interior, as inferred from seismic observations.
at the appropriate introductory level the necessary fundamen- Chapter 15 concerns earthquake occurrence and prediction,
tal ideas to fill the most notable gaps." Chapter 16 models for the earthquake source, and Chapter 17
There have been many developments in seismology in the strong motion seismology.
last two decades. These have been spurred by the use of com- Inevitably, in an introductory book on a subject as broad as
puters to handle large amounts of data, calculate predicted seismology the coverage of topics is somewhat uneven and in-
seismograms for assumed earth structures and investigate dividual readers will have opinions about what should have
more elaborate models of the earthquake source. In addition, been discussed more or less. Reflecting my own prejudices, I
improvements in the quality and distribution of instrumenta- would have preferred more on the mechanics of the earth-
tion have made better data available. Bolt's revisions reflect quake source and less on statistical inverse theory. Also, the
these developments. He has added new chapters on strong mo- broad coverage mandates lack of depth and, depending on the
tion seismology, normal mode vibrations of the earth, and the reader's background, the treatment of some subjects will not
propagation of seismic waves through anomalous structures, suffice for a thorough understanding. Reference to more
by which he means anisotropic, continuously varying in- detailed treatments are, however, given throughout.
homogeneous materials and a nonspherically symmetrical These are minor criticisms, however, and this is a thorough
earth. The chapter on the theory of the seismograph has been updating of a fine book. It is an excellent introduction to
expanded and other new material, including the use of seismology for anyone with some background in mechanics or
statistical inverse theory, has been interspersed throughout the applied mathematics. Bolt has also included problems with
book. The book is, however, not much longer than the 1963 each chapter which make the book more convenient for use as
edition because chapters on nuclear explosions and extrater- a text. In addition to use in seismology or geophysics courses,
restrial seismology have been omitted and these subjects are it would be an excellent auxiliary text in courses on wave pro-
treated briefly elsewhere. pagation, vibrations, or earthquake engineering.

BOOKS RECEIVED
April-June 1986

1. Numerical Methods in Engineering Practice By Amir Conference Proceedings), edited by James W. Mc-
Wadi Al-Khafaji and John R. Tooley. Holt, Rinehart Cauley and Volker Weiss. Plenum Publishing Cor-
and Winston, Inc., New York, New York, 1986. 642 poration, New York, New York, 1986. 603 pages.
pages. Price: $95.00.
2. Finite Elements in Fluids, Vol. 6, edited by R. H. 8. Kreis- Und Kreisringplatten Unter Periodischer
Gallagher, G. Carey, J. T. Oden, and O. C. Belastung by Dr. Gyula Markus. Akademiai Kiad'o
Zienkiewicz. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, Publishing House of the Hungarian Academy of
New York, 1986. 358 pages. Price: $69.95. Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, 1985. 415 pages. Price:
3. Random Vibration of Structures by C. Y. Yang. John $67.00.
Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, New York, 1986. 295 9. Wave Interactions and Fluid Flows by A. D. D. Craik.
pages. Price: $44.95. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York,
4. Advances in Rheology, Proceedings of the Ninth In- 1986. 322 pages. Price: $59.50.
ternational Congress on Rheology, Acapulco, Mexico, 10. Computational Methods for Integral Equations by L.
October 8-13, 1984. Four volumes: (1) Theory, M. Delves and J. L. Mohamed. Cambridge University
(2) Fluids, (3) Polymers, and (4) Applications. Edited Press, New York, New York, 1985. 376 pages. Price:
by B. Mena, A. Garcia-Rejon, and C. Rangel-Nafaile. $69.50
Elsevier Science Publishers, The Netherlands, 1984. 11. Fundamentals of Hot Wire Anemometry by Charles
2,854 pages (4 volumes). Price: $250.00. G. Lomas. Cambridge University Press, New York,
5. Energy and Finite Element Methods in Structural New York, 1986. 211 pages. Price: $52.50.
Mechanics by Irving H. Shames and Clive L. Dym. 12. Engineering Rheology by Roger I. Tanner. Oxford
Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, New University Press, New York, New York, 1986. 451
York, 1985. 757 pages. Price: $44.95. pages. Price: $79.00.
6. Couplings and Joints: Design, Selection and Applica- 13. Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat/Mass
tions by Jon R. Mancuso. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New Transfer Processes (Lecture Notes in Engineering)
York, New York, 1986. 488 pages. Price: $49.50. edited by N. C. Markatos, D. G. Tatchell, M. Cross
7. Materials Characterization for Systems Performance and N. Rhodes. Springer-Verlag, New York, New
and Reliability (Sagamore Army Materials Research York, 1986. 482 pages. Price: $36.00.

Journal of Applied Mechanics SEPTEMBER 1986, Vol. 53/733