11

CHAPTER II [G

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presented the methods of the research used in conducting this study.

This included the research design, locale of the study, respondents of the study, sample

size, sampling design, research instrument, validity and reliability, data gathering

procedure, data analysis procedure, scoring variables, ethical consideration.

Research Design

The proponents used descriptive-developmental research design, employing

simple random sampling. This descriptive research are used to depict the characteristics

using the 5Ps; Produce, Packaging, Promotion, Place and Place. Furthermore, a

developmental research is incorporated as it involves innovating by transforming

Seafoods into Chips.

The choice of a descriptive-developmental research design for this study was

deliberate. It allows for the comprehensive examination of all aspects that can be

quantified and studied, enabling the design, development, and evaluation of the research.

This methodological approach is particularly suited to handling the intricacies of seafood

chips, as it encompasses the diverse factors involved in their production and evaluation.

The intensive collaboration and explanation inherent in the research design contribute to

a robust understanding of real-world challenges associated with seafood chips.

11
 12

Locale of the Study

This study was conducted in the students of College of Management of Capiz

State University Main Campus, Roxas City Capiz. The College of Management at Capiz

State University was selected due to its relevance to the business plan and its potential to

provide valuable insights also the location was chosen because it provided a convenient

and accessible sample population to our study.

Figure 2. The Location of the study (Google Map, 2023).

Respondents of the study

The respondents of this study were students from Capiz State University- Main

Campus, school year 2023- 2024.

The total number of students enrolled in BS Entrepreneurship 1 st Year to 4th Year

 13

was 317 students while there was a total of 131 population of teachers in Capiz State

University Main Campus.

Due to the significant number of students and teachers at the university, specifically

in the College of Management, the researchers employed Cochran’s Formula to

determine the appropriate sample size for the study.

Table 1. Population of BS Entrepreneurship students.

BS Entrepreneurship
Students First Second Thir Forth Total
Year Year d Year
Year

Female 20 30 74 20 144
Male 15 16 13 10 54
Total 35 46 87 30 198

Sample Size

The researchers used the Cochran formula. The proponents estimated 0.5 of the

proportion of the population which has the attribute in question. Proponents

of the study desired 95% confidence, and at least 5 percent— plus or minus—precision.
A 95 % confidence level provided a Z value of 1.96, per the normal tables, therefore
(384/1+(384-1)/198) = 131.

A random sample of 111 students and 20 teachers was the target population was

enough to answer the survey for marketability and acceptability that the proponents

conducted. These 131 students and teachers in College of Management of Capiz State

University Main-Campus served as the respondents of the study.

 14

Sampling Design

The researchers used the simple random sampling. Simple random sampling

was a probability sampling method where units were selected for inclusion in the

sample because they

are the easiest for the researcher to access. This could be due to geographical

proximity, availability at a given time, or willingness to participate in the study

(Nikolopoulou, 2022).

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

The statistical tool used to analyze the result from the survey was the mean.

Mean implies average and it was the sum of a set of data divided by the numbers of data.

Mean could prove to be an effective tool when comparing different sets however, this

method might be the disadvantage by the impact of extreme values.

The mean or average that was utilized to determine the data's central tendency

was referred to as the statistical mean. It was calculated by taking the total number of

data points in the population and dividing it by the total amount of sets. The term "mean"

or "average" refers to the final figure.

 15

Table 2. Scoring Variables for Acceptability of product.

Score Scale Verbal Interpretation
5 4.21-5.00 Highly Acceptable
4 3.41-4.20 Acceptable
3 2.61-3.40 Neither
2 1.81-2.60 Unacceptable
1 1.00-1.80 Highly Unacceptable

Table 3. Scoring Variables for Marketability of product.

Score Scale Verbal Interpretation
5 4.21-5.00 Highly Marketable
4 3.41-4.20 Marketable
3 2.61-3.40 Neither
2 1.81-2.60 Unmarketable
1 1.00-1.80 High Unmarketable

Research Instrument

The data required for this investigation was gathered using a questionnaire created

by the proponents. The questionnaire responses were given by the participants. Their

answers were included into the data collection. There were two sections to the

questionnaire. The participants' socio-demographic profile was presented in Part I,

followed by a suitable study about Namit Chips acceptability using taste, textures,

appearance and aroma in Part II and Namit Chips marketability in terms of 5Ps; Product,

Packaging, Promotion, Place and Price in Part III.

 16

Validity of the Questionnaire

The validity of the questionnaire created for the proposed business plan, was sent

for improvements, recommendations and adjustments, consulted by an advisory

committee. Afterward the questionnaire underwent to validation by three field experts, a

research practitioner, and a statistician to ensure its content validity.

Reliability of the Instrument

The instrument used to identify the reliability and validity of the questionnaire is the

Statistical Package for the Social Sciences or the SPSS. The test results using Cronbach’s

alpha demonstrated a score of .855, which indicated that the questionnaire had good internal

consistency.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers distributed two letters: one to the Barangay Captain and

associates, and one to potential participants. They obtained permission to conduct the

study and invited participants to fill out a questionnaire. Participants were assured of

confidentiality and anonymity. The questionnaire collected data on the acceptability and

marketability of Namit Chips.

 17

Data Analysis Procedure

The researchers collected and cleaned the questionnaire data, then entered it into a

master database using Microsoft Excel. They integrated the data, reviewed it for

accuracy, and processed it for statistical analysis.

Ethical Consideration

Respondents were given the option to choose whether or not to complete the

provided questionnaire, indicating that their participation was voluntary. Proponents did

not compel respondents to participate, but rather their involvement was based on their

own decision. The information gathered from the questionnaire was kept strictly

confidential and utilized solely for the purposes of analysis, presentation, and

interpretation of the research. Data privacy laws, such as Republic Act No. 10173, also

known as the Data Privacy Act, mandate that respondents' personal details cannot be

disclosed without their explicit consent.