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Constitutional-Law-1-Syllabus 2022-2023

Conflict of Laws (University of Perpetual Help System DALTA)

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Constitutional Law 1 Syllabus

First Semester, S.Y. 2022-2023
BIT INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

Prepared by:
Atty. Glenn Rey D. Anino
Professor

A. COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course is a 3-unit subject covering the basic principles dealing with the
structure of the Philippine Government.

B. COURSE OBJECTIVE
By the end of the course, students should be able to master the constitutional
provisions on a.)National Territory, b.)Declaration of State Principles and
Policies, c.)Functions of the Legislative, Executive and Judicial Departments,
and d.) Principles of Checks and Balances.

C. COURSE OUTLINE AND TIMEFRAME

INTRODUCTION

Political Law
People v. Perfecto, 43 PHIL 887
Macariola v. Asuncion, AM No. 133-J, May 31 1982

Scope of Political Law

Constitutional Law
Administrative Law
Public Corporations/Local Government Code
Law on Public Officers
Election Laws

A. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1

Constitution
Definition
Classification
Qualities of a Good Written Constitution

Phillipine Constitution
Essential Parts
Interpretation/Construction
Francisco v. House of Representatives GR No. 160261, Nov. 10, 2003

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Civil Liberties Union v. Exec. Secretary GR No. 83896, Feb 22, 1991
(Self Executing v. Non Self Executing Provisions)
Gamboa v. Teves, GR No. 176579, June 28, 2011
Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, GR No. 122156, Feb 3, 1992
Doctrine of Constitutional Supremacy
Manila Prince Hotel

Constitutional History
Malolos Constitution
Treaty of Paris, December 10, 1898
McKinleyÕs Instructions, April 7, 1900
Spooner Amendment, March 2, 1901
Philippine Bill, July 1, 1902
Philippine Autonomy Act, August 29, 1916
Philippine Independence Act (Tydings-McDuffie Act) March 24, 1934
1935 Constitution (Three Amendments)
Japanese Occupation
1973 Constitution
Provisional ÒFreedomÓ Constitution, Proc. No. 3, March 25, 1986
1987 Constitution, Feb 2, 1987, De Leon v. Esguerra, Aug 31, 1987

Important Principles
Separation of Powers Principles
Principle of Checks and Balances
Principle of Comity
Hierarchy of Laws
Power of Judicial Review
Doctrine of Operative Fact
Political Questions Doctrine
Inherent Powers of Government
Immunity from Suit
Doctrine of Qualified Political Agency
Non-Delegation of Power
Power of Control and Supervision

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Preamble

Article I: The National Territory

R.A. 5446 (Sabah)

PD 1596, June 11, 1978 (Kalayaan Island Group)
Reagan v. Commissioner, 30 SCRA 968
People v. Gozo, 53 SCRA 476
R.A. 9522, The New Baselines Law of 2009
Magallona v. Ermita, 655 SCRA 476
1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
Most Rev Pedro Arigo v. Scott Swift, GR 206510, Sept 16, 2014
The South China Sea Arbitration: Philippines v. China, July 12, 2016
The South China Sea Dispute: Philippine Sovereign Rights and Jurisdiction in
the West Philippine Sea (Justice CarpioÕs Ebook)

Week 2
Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies

Legal Value of Article II

Tondo Medical v. CA, 527 SCRA 746 (2007)
Bases Conversion and Development Authority v. Commission on Audit, 580
SCRA 295

Section 1. Philippines as a Democratic and Republican State

Functions of Government
Bacani v. NACOCO, 100 PHIL 468 (1956)
ACCFA v. CUGCO, 30 SCRA 649 (1969)
PVTA v. CIR, 65 SCRA 416 (1975)
PHHC v Court of Industrial Relations, 150 SCRA 296
Spouses Fontanilla v. Hon. Maliaman, GR Nos. 55963, February 27, 1991
VFP v. Reyes, 483 SCRA 526 (2006)
Ramiscal v. Sandiganbayan, 499 SCRA 375 (2006)
Alzaga v. Sandiganbayan, 505 SCRA 848 (2006)
Javier v. Sandiganbayan, 599 SCRA 324 (2009)
MIAA v. CA, 495 SCRA 591 (2006)
Philippine Society v. COA, 534 SCRA 112 (2007)

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Serana v. Sandiganbayan, 542 SCRA 224 (2008)

De Jure and De Facto Government

Co Kim Cham v. Valdez Tan Keh, 75 PHIL 113 (1945)
In re Letter of Associate Justice Puno, 210 SCRA 588
Republic v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 104768, July 21, 2003

Sovereignty
People v. Gozo, 53 SCRA 476 (1973)
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18
Rosas v. Montor GR 204105, October 14, 2015
People v. Perfecto, 43 Phil 887
Vilas v. City of Manila, 229 US 345
Laurel v. Misa, 77 Phil 856

Section 2. Generally Accepted Principles of International Law

Article 2, UN Charter
Doctrine of Incorporation
Doctrine of Transformation

Treaties and Agreeements

Agustin v. Edu, 88 SCRA 195
JBL Reyes v. Bagatsing, GR No. 65366, October 25, 1983
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 (1997)
Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10, 2000
Bayan v. Romulo, GR 159618, Feb 1, 2011

Equal Standing of International Law and Municipal Law

Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR 151445, April 11, 2002
Shangri-La v. Developers, GR 159938, March 31, 2006
Philip Morris, Inc. v. Fortune Tobacco Corporation, GR 158589, June 27, 2006

Recognition of Foreign Judgments

Mijares v. Ranada, GR 139325, April 12, 2005

Soft Law
Pharmaceutical v. DOH, GR 173034, October 9, 2007

SOJ v. Lantion, GR 139465 *In the Philippines, statutes and treaties may be
invalidated if they conflict with the Constitution.
Philip Morris v. CA, GR 91332, July 16, 1993 *While international law is made
part of the law of the land, it does not imply primacy of international law over
national law.
Vinuya v. ES, GR 162230
Saguisag v. ES, GR 212426
Bayan v. DND Sec. Gazmin, GR 212444

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Section 3. Civilian Supremacy and AFP Role

Alih v. Castro, GR 69401, June 23, 1987
IBP v. Zamora, 338 SCRA 81 (2000)
Kulayan v. Tan, 675 SCRA 482 (2012)

Section 4. Duty of Government to the People

People v. Tranquilino Lagman, GR L-45892
People v. Primitivo De Sosa, GR L-45893, July 13, 1938
PD No. 1706, The National Service Law, Aug 8, 1980

Section 5. Maintenance of Peace and Order

Kilosbayan v. Morato, 246 SCRA 540 (1995) and MR 250 SCRA 130
Kulayan v. Tan, 675 SCRA 482 (2012)

Section 6. Separation of Church and State

United Church of Christ in the Philippines, Inc v. Bradford United Church of
Christ, Inc 674 SCRA 92 (2012)

Section 7. Independent Foreign Policy

Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR 151445, April 11, 2002
Saguisag v. ES, GR 212426
Bayan v. DND Sec. Gazmin, GR 212444

Section 8. Freedom from Nuclear Weapons

Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10, 2000
Lim v. Executive Secretary

Section 9. Social Order

Section 10. Social Justice

Calalang v. Williams, 70 Phil 726

Week 3
Section 11. Personal Dignity and Human Rights

Section 12. Family Life; Mother; Unborn

Roe v. Wade, 410 US 113 (1973)
Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 US 390 (1922)
Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 262 US 510 (1925)
Wisconsin v. Yoder 40 LW 4476 (1972)
Ginsberg v. New York, 390 US 629 (1968)
Imbong v. Ochoa, GR 204819, April 8, 2014
Orceo v. COMELEC, GR 190779 March 26, 2010
Section 13. Vital Role of Youth
Basco v. PAGCOR, 197 SCRA 252
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, June 7, 2011

Section 14. Role of Women and Equality of Men and Women

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Section 15. Right to Health

Imbong v. Ochoa: The RH Law does not violate S15. It does not do away with
RA 4729 (Regulation of Contraceptive Drugs and Devices) and RA 5921
(Regulation of Pharmacy) Ð laws that prohibit the sale and distribution of
contraceptives without prescription,

Section 16. Right to a Balanced and Healthful Ecology

Oposa v. Factoran, 224 SCRA 792 (1993)
C&M Timber v. Alcala, GR 111088, June 13, 1997
LLDA v. CA, 231 SCRA 292 (1994) and 251 SCRA 42 (1995)
MMDA v. Residents of Manila Bay, GR No. 171947, December 18, 2008
Boracay Foundation, Inc. v. The Province of Aklan, 674 SCRA 555 (2012)
Paje v. Casino, GR 207267, Feb 3, 2015
Internation Service v. Greenpeace Southeast Asia, GR 209271 and GR
209430

Section 17. Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
Guingona v. Carague
Philconsa v. Enriquez: S5, Art14 which provides for the highest budgetary
priority to education is merely directory

Section 18. Labor Protection

PNB v. Dan Padao, GR 180849, November 2011
JMM Promotion v. CA, GR 120095, Aug 5, 1996
PASE v. Drilon

Section 19. Self-Reliant and Independent National Economy

Garcia v. BOI, 191 SCRA 288 (1990)
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 (1997)
Association of Philippine Coconut Dessicators v. PCA, GR 110526, Feb 10,
1998
Pharmaceuticals v. Duque, Oct 9, 2007: Free enterprise does not call for the
removal of protective regulations

Section 20. Role of Private Sector

Marine Radio Communications Association of the Philippines v. Reyes, 191
SCRA 205
Boracay Foundation, Inc. v. The Province of Aklan, 674 SCRA 555 (2012)

Section 21. Promotion of Comprehensive Rural and Agrarian Policy

Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito Teves, et al GR 176579
June 28, 2011
(See Dissent of Abad- Section 21 is not self-executing, thus need for CARL)

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Section 22. Promotion of Rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities

Section 23. Community-Based Private Organizations

Section 24. Vital Role of Communications

PLDT v. NTC, 190 SCRA 717

Section 25. Local Economy

Rodolfo G. Navarro, et al. v. Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita, et al., GR
180050, 12 April 2011. (Section 25 as part of IRR of LGU provision on local
autonomy)
Belgica v. ES, 2013
Section 26. Equal Access to Political Opportunities and Political Dynasties
Pamatong v. COMELEC, 427 SCRA 96 (2004)
Belgica v. Executive Secretary

Section 27. Honesty and Integrity in Public Service

Section 28. Full Public Disclosure

Neri v. Senate, GR 180643, March 25, 2008
Wilson P. Garcia v. Finance Secretary Teves
Briccio Pollo v. Chairperson Karina David, GR 181881
Philippine Savings Bank and Pascual Garcia III v. Senate Impeachment
Court, GR 200238, Feb 9, 2012
In Re: Production of Court Records, 14 February 2012

Week 4
Article VI: The Legislative Department

Section 1. Legislative Power; Non-Delegation

Who may exercise legislative power?

1. Congress
2. Regional/Local legislative power
3. PeopleÕs initiative on statutes
a) Initiative and referendum
4. The President under a martial law rule or in a revolutionary government

General Rule: Non-Delegation of Legislative Power

Exception;
Delegation to local governments and administrative bodies
Grant of Quasi-Legislative Power; In general: LGU and Administrative Bodies
Rubi v.Provincial Board of Mindoro 39 Phil. 660
Antipolo Realty Corp. v. NHA 153 SCRA 399
PITC v. Angales, GR 108461
Atitiw v. Zamora 471 SCRA 329
SEC v. Interport 567 SCRA 354

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In instances allowed by the Constitution, e,g., Article VI, Section 23(2) and
28(2)

Issue on Delegation of Legislative Power

Valid delegation
Requisite of a valid delegation
Agustin v. Edu 88 SCRA 1
Free Telephone Workers v. Min. of Labor 108 SCRA 757
Guingona v. Carague 196 SCRA 221

Complete in Itself
Arena v. Gatmaitan 101 Phil 328
Marcos v. CA 278 SCRA 696
Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drug Board 570 SCRA 410
Pacific Steam v. LLDA 608 SCRA 442

Fixes a Standard
People v. Rosenthal 68 Phil 628
Eastern Shipping Lines v. POEA 166 SCRA 533
Tablarin v. Gutierez 152 SCRA 730
Conference v. POEA 243 SCRA 666
Osme–a v. Orbos 220 SCRA 703
Viola v. Alunan 277 SCRA 409
Abakada v. Ermita 469 SCRA 1
Beltran v. Secretary of Health 476 SCRA 168
Bayan v. Ermita 488 SCRA 226
Abakada v. Purisima, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)

Filling in the Details

Fernandez v. Sto. Tomas, 242 SCRA 192
Chiongbian v. Orbos, 245 SCRA 253
Rodrigo v. Sandiganbayan, 309 SCRA 661
Tondo Medical v. CA, 527 SCRA 746 (2007)
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary, 677 SCRA 408 (2012)
Arroyo v. DOJ, 681 SCRA 181 (2012)

Undue Delegation
People v. Vera, 65 PHIL 56
US v. Barrias, 11 SCRA 327 (1908)
US v. Panlilio, 28 PHIL 608 (1914)
People v. Maceren, 79 SCRA 450 (1977)
People v. Dacuycuy, 173 SCRA 90 (1989)
Cebu Oxygen v. Drilon, 176 SCRA 24 (1989)
Ynot v. IAC, 148 SCRA 659 (1987)
Pharmaceutical v. DOH (2007)
Abakada v. Purisima
Philippine Coconut v. Republic, GR 178193, January 24, 2012

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Executive Misapplication
Tatad v. Secretary DOE, 281 SCRA 330 (1997) and MR 282 SCRA 337
(1997)

Mere Directive
Dagan v. PRC, 578 SCRA 585 (2009)

Section 2. Senate Composition

Section 3. Qualifications of Senator

Poe-Llamanzares v. COMELEC, March 8, 2016

Section 4. Senator: Term of Office; Voluntary Renunciation

Section 5. Composition of the House of Representatives; Apportionment;

Party List
Tobias v. Abalos, 239 SCRA 106 (1994)
Mariano v. COMELEC, 242 SCRA 211 (1995)
Sema v. COMELEC, GR No. 177597, July 16, 2008
Bagabuyo v. COMELEC, GR No. 176970, December 8, 2008
Aquino III v. COMELEC, GR No. 189793, April 17, 2010
Aldaba v. COMELEC, GR No. 188078, January 25, 2010
Ocampo v. HRET, GR No. 158466, June 15, 2004

Par. 2; Party-List Representation

Ang Bagong Bayani v. COMELEC GR 147589
VC Cadangen, et al v. COMELEC, GR No. 177179, June 5, 2009
Veterans Federation Party v. COMELEC GR 136781
AKLAT v. COMELEC 427 SCRA 712
Partido ng Manggagawa v. COMELEC 484 SCRA 671
Citizens v. COMELEC 521 SCRA 524
Bantay v. COMELEC 523 SCRA 1
Phil. Guardians v. COMELEC GR 190529
BANAT v. COMELEC 586 SCRA 210
Albayon v. COMELEC GR 189466
Ang Ladlad v. COMELEC GR 190582
Layug v. COMELEC 666 SCRA 321
Magdalo c. COMELEC 673 SCRA 651
Atong Paglaum et. al., GR 203766, April 12, 2013

Pars. 1,3, and 4; Rules on Apportionment

Reapportionment through Special Law
Tobias v. Abalos 239 SCRA 106
Mariano v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 211
Sema v. COMELEC 558 SCRA 700

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Rules on Apportionment
(1) In accordance with the number of their respective inhabitants and on the
basis of a uniform and progressive ratio

Montejo v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 415

Herrera v. COMELEC GR 131499, November 17, 1999

(2) Contiguous, compact and adjacent territory

(3) Population size

Samson v. Aguirre 315 SCRA 53

Herrera v. COMELEC GR 131499, November 17, 1999
Aldaba v. COMELEC GR 188078, January 25, 2010
Aquino v. COMELEC GR 189793, April 17, 2010
Navarro v. Ermita GR 180050, April 12, 2011

(4) Following the return of every census, Congress shall make a

reapportionment

Bagabuyo v. COMELEC GR 176970

Section 6. Qualifications of Representatives

Citizenship
Bengzon v. Cruz, GR 142840, May 7, 2001

Domicile and Residence

Aquino v. COMELEC, 243 SCRA 400 (1995)
Marcos v. COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300 (1995)
Domino v. COMELEC, GR 134015 (July 19, 1999)
Perez v. COMELEC, GR 133944, October 28, 1999
Fernandez v. HRET, 608 SCRA 733 (2009)

Additional Qualifications
Maquera v. Borra, 15 SCRA 7
Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drugs Board, GR No. 157870, November
3, 2008

Section 7. Term of Representatives

Dimaporo v. Mitra, 202 SCRA 779
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387 (Dec. 10, 2003)
Quinto v. COMELEC, GR No. 189698, December 1, 2009

Section 8.Regular Elections

Codilla v. De Venecia GR No. 150605, December 10, 2002

Section 9. Special Elections

Tolentino v. COMELEC, GR 148334, January 21, 2004
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Section 10. Salaries

Philconsa v. Mathay, 18 SCRA 300 (1966)

Section 11. Privilege from Arrest; Parliamentary Freedom of Speech

Privilege from Arrest

People v. Jalosjos, 324 SCRA 689
Trillanes v. Pimentel, 556 SCRA 471

Parliamentary Freedom of Speech

Jimenez v. Cabangbang, 17 SCRA 876 (1966)
Antonino v. Valencia, 57 SCRA 70
Pobre v. Defensor Santiago, AC No. 7399, August 25, 2009

Section 12. Disclosure of Financial and Business Interests

Section 13. Prohibitions on Members of Congress

Liban v. Gordon, GR No. 175352, July 15, 2009

Section 14. Prohibitions Related to the Practice of Profession

Puyat v. De Guzman, 113 SCRA 31

Section 15. Regular Session; Special Session

Section 16. Officers of Congress; Quorom; Discipline; Journal/Records

Officers of Congress
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona GR 134577 November 18, 1998
Meaning of Òa quorum to do businessÓ and Òcompulsion to attendÓ
Avelino v. Cuenco - 83 Phil. 17 [1949]
People v. Jalosjos - 324 SCRA 689
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October
2011

Internal Rules and Discipline

Arroyo v. De Venecia - 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Osme–a v. Pendatun- 109 Phil. 863 [1960]
Santiago v. Sandiganbayan Ð 356 SCRA 636

Duty to Keep Journals and Records

US v. Pons Ð 34 Phil. 729 [1916]
Casco Phil. Commercial Co. v. Gimenez - 7 SCRA 347 [1963]
Morales v. Subido Ð 27 SCRA 131 [1969]
Astorga v. Villegas Ð 56 SCRA 714 [1974]
Phil. Judges Assn. v. Prado -227 SCRA 703
Abakada v. Ermita 469 SCRA 1

Week 5

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Section 17. Electoral Tribunal

Jurisdiction of Electoral Tribunal

Nature and Power
Angara v. Electoral Commission Ð 63 Phil. 134 [1936]

Pre-proclamation controversies v. Election Contests; Scope of inquiry ; When

Proper Election Contest
Vera v. Avelino 77 Phil. 192 [1946]
Roces v. HRET Ð 469 SCRA 681 [2005]
Seneres v. COMELEC Ð 585 SCRA 557 [2009]
Limkaichong v. COMELEC Ð 594 SCRA 434 [2009]
Aquino v. COMELEC -243 SCRA 400 [1995]
Perez v. COMELEC Ð GR 133944, October 28, 1999
Aggabao v. COMELEC Ð 449 SCRA 400 [2005]
Barbers v. COMELEC Ð 460 SCRA 569 [2005]
Rasul v. COMELEC Ð GR 134142, August 24, 1999
Guerero v. COMELEC Ð GR 137004, July 26, 2000
Villarosa v. HRET Ð GR 143351, September 14, 2000
Abayon v. HRET Ð GR 189466, February 11, 2010
Garcia v. HRET Ð GR 134792, August 12, 1999

Pre-proclamation controversy
Chavez v. COMELEC Ð 211 SCRA 315 [1991]

Composition
Abbas v. SET Ð 166 SCRA 651 [1988]
Pimentel v. HRET Ð GR 141489, November 29, 2002

Independence
Bondoc v. Pineda Ð 201 SCRA 792 [1991]

Action/Decision
Robles v. HRET Ð 181 SCRA 780 [1990]
Arroyo v. HRET Ð 246 SCRA 384 [1995]
Lerias v. HRET Ð 202 SCRA 808 [1991]
Sandoval v. HRET Ð GR 149380, July 3, 2002
Lokin v. COMELEC Ð GR 179431-32
Sema v. HRET Ð GR 190734, March 26, 2010
Duenas v. HRET 593 SCRA 316 [2010]

Section 18. Commission on Appointments

Daza v. Singson, 180 SCRA 496 (1989)
Coseteng v. Mitra, 187 SCRA 377 (1990)
Guingona v. Gonzales, 214 SCRA 789 (1992); MR, 219 SCRA 326 (1993)
Drilon, et al v. Speaker, GR No. 180055, July 31, 2009

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Section 19. Constitutions of the Electoral Tribunal and the Commission on

Appointments

Section 20. Records and Books of Accounts

Section 21. Inquiries in Aid of Legislation

Power of Inquiry
Senate v. Ermita- 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
Gudani v. Senga- 498 SCRA 671 [2006]

Nature and Essence

Neg. O. II Elec. Coop. v. Sangguniang Panlungsod- 155 SCRA 421 [1991]

Requisites
Bengzon v. Senate Blue Ribbon Committee- 203 SCRA 767

1. In aid of legislation
Standard v. Senate- 541 SCRA 456 [2007]
De la Paz v. Senate- 579 SCRA 521 [2009]
Romero v. Estrada- 583 SCRA 396 [2009]

2. In Accordance with Duly Published Rules of Procedure

Garcillano v. House- GR 170338, December 23, 2008

3. Respect for the Rights of Persons Appearing In or Affected by Such

Inquires
Neri v. Senate- 564 SCRA 152 [2008]

Power to Punish a Person Under Investigation

Arnault v. Nazareno- 87 PHIL. 25 [1950]
Sabio v. Gordon- 504 SCRA 704 [2006]

Sec. 22 Appearance of Heads of Departments in Congress

Senate v. Ermita- 488 SCRA 1 [2006]

Sec. 23. Declaration of a State of War; Emergency Powers

Delegation of Emergency Powers

SANLAKAS v. Executive Secretary, 421 SCRA 656 [2004]
Ampatuan v. Hon. DILG Sec. Puno, GR 190259, June 7, 2011

Sec. 24. Bills Originating in the House of Representatives

Guingona v. Carague- 196 SCRA 221 [1991]
Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance- 235 SCRA 630 [1994]
Alvarez v. Guingona- 292 SCRA 695 [1998]
Southern Cross Cement v. Phil. Cement, GR 158540, July 8, 2004
Guingona Jr. v. Carague, 196 SCRA 221 (1991)

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Appropriation of Public Revenue for Public Purpose

Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL. 331 [1960-1961]

Sec. 25. Rules on Appropriation

Limits on Power to Appropriate

Brillantes v. Comelec, GR 163193, June 15, 2004

Prohibition of Increase
Prohibition on ÒridersÓ in appropriation bills
Garcia v. Mata- 65 SCRA [1975]
Atitiw v. Zamora, GR 143374, Sept. 30, 2005
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003

Transfer of Funds
Demetria v. Alba- 148 SCRA 208 [1987]
Liga v. COMELEC- 232 SCRA 219 [1994]
Nazareth v. Villar, G.R. No. 188635, 29 January 2013, 689 SCRA 385
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 196425, 24 July
2012, 677 SCRA 408
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506
Sanchez v. COA- 552 SCRA 471

Sec. 26.Subject and Title of Bills; Three Readings

General Prohibition of ÒRidersÓ

Cordero v. Cabatuando- 6 SCRA 418 [1962]
Philconsa v. Gimenez- 15 SCRA 479 [1965]
Alalayan v. NPC- 24 SCRA 172 [1968]
Insular Lumber Company v. CTA- 104 SCRA 710 [1981]
Tio v. Vediogram Regulatory Board- 151 SCRA 208 [1987]
Phil. Judges Assn. v. Prado- 227 SCRA 703 [1993]
Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance- 235 SCRA 630 [1994]
Tobias v. Abalos- 239 SCRA 106 [1994]
Tatad v. Sec. of DOE- 281 SCRA 330 [1997]
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 146319, October 26, 2001
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1 and MR [Sept. 1, 2005 & Oct. 18, 2005]
BANAT v. COMELEC- 595 SCR 477 [2009]
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October
2011

Sec. 27. Procedure in Passage of Bills; Item Veto

Passage of Bills
Arroyo v. De Venecia, 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1

Presidential Veto
CIR v .CTA- 185 SCRA 329 [1990]

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Gonzales v. Macaraig- 191 SCRA 452 [1990]

Bengzon v. Drilon- 208 SCRA 133 [1992]
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]

Sec. 28. Taxation

Scope and Purpose

Planters v. Fertiphil- 548 SCRA 485

Limitations on the Power: Uniform and Equitable

CIR v. CA- 261 SCRA 236 [1996]
CIR v. Lingayen Gulf Ð 164 SCRA 27
Tolentino v. Sec. of Finance- 235 SCRA 506
Tan v. Del Rosario- 237 SCRA 324 [1994]

Progressive System
Delegated Tax Legislation
Southern Cross Cement v. Phil. Cement, GR 158540, July 8, 2004
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1 [2005]
Spouses Constantino v. Cuisia, GR 106064, Oct. 13. 2005

Exemptions
Abra Valley College v. Aquino- 162 SCRA 106 [1988]
Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10,2000
Republic v. City of Kidapawan- 477 SCRA 324 [2005]
John Hay PeopleÕs Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR 119775, Oct. 24, 2003
Lung Center v. QC, GR 144104, June 29, 2004

Sec. 29. Fiscal Powers of Congress; Limitations; Special Funds

Fiscal Powers of Congress

Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL. 331 [1960-1961]
MIAA v. Mabunay- GR 126151, January 20, 2000
Guingona v. Carague- 169 SCRA 221 [1991]
COMELEC v. Hon. Quijano- GR 151992, September 18, 2002

Special Funds
Gaston v. Republic Planters Bank- 158 SCRA 626 [1988]
Osmena v. Orbos- 220 SCRA 703 [1993]
Philippine Coconut v. Republic- 663 SCRA 514 [2012]

Sec. 30. Appellate Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

First Lepanto Ceramics v. CA- 237 SCRA 519 [1994]
Diaz v. CA- 238 SCRA 785 [1994]
Fabian v. Desierto, GR 129742, September 16, 1998
Villavert v. Desierto, 326 SCRA 355 [2000]
Tirol v. COA, GR 133954, August 3, 2000
Cabrera v. Lapid- 510 SCRA 55 [2006]

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Sec. 31. Titles of Royalty and Nobility

Sec. 32. Initiative and Referendum

Garcia v. COMELEC, 237 SCRA 279 (1994)
SBMA v. COMELEC- 262 SCRA 492 [1996]
Defensor- Santiago v. COMELEC- 270 SCRA 106 [1997]
Lambino v. COMELEC, GR 174153, GR 174299, October 25, 2006

Week 6

Article VII: Executive Department

Section 1. Executive Power; Privileges; Immunities

Scope of Power
Marcos v. Manglapus- 177 SCRA 668 [1989]

Example of exercise
Valid Exercise
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]
Webb v. de Leon- 247 SCRA 652
Djumantan v. Domingo- 240 SCRA 746 [1995]
Chavez v. PCGG- GR 130716, December 9, 1998
Pontejos v. Ombudsman- 483 SCRA 83 [2006]
Banda v. Ermita- 618 SCRA 499 [2010]

Invalid Exercise
Laurel v. Garcia- 187 SCRA 797 [1990]
Review Center v. Ermita- 583 SCRA 42 [2009]
Biraogo v. Truth Commission- 637 SCRA 78 [2010]

Executive Privilege
US v. Nixon- 418 US 683 [1974]
Almonte v .Vasquez- 244 SCRA 286 [1995]
Senate v. Ermita- GR 169659, April 20, 2006 [E.O. 464]
Neri v. Senate- GR 180643, March 25, 2008
Akbayan v. Aquino- GR 170516, July 16, 2008

Immunity from Suit

Soliven v. Makasiar 167 SCRA 393 [1988]
Harlow v. Fitzgerald 457 US 800 [1982]
Clinton v. Jones 520 US 681 [1997]
Gloria v. CA- GR 119903, August 15, 2000
Estrada v. Desierto- GR 146740-15 and GR 146738, March 2, 2001 and MR-
April 3, 2001
David v. Arroyo- 289 SCRA 162 [2006]

The Cabinet
Constantino v. Cuisia- 472 SCRA 505 [2005]

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Section 2. Qualifications of the President

Tecson v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 161434, March 3, 2004

Section 3. Vice President

Section 4. Election, Term Limits and Canvass

Anson-Roa v. Arroyo, GR 162384, March 24, 2004

Congress as National Board of Canvassers

Brillantes v. COMELEC- 432 SCRA [2005]
Pimentel v. Joint Committee- GR 163783, June 22, 2004
Lopez v. Senate- GR 163556, June 8, 2004
BANAT v. COMELEC, GR 177508, August 7, 2009

Breaking President or Vice-President Tie

Presidential or Vice- Presidential Controversies
Defensor- Santiago v. Ramos- 253 SCRA 559 [1996]
Tecson v. Lim- 424 SCRA 277 [2005]
Poe v. GMA, Pet Case No. 002, March 29, 2005
Macalintal v. PET- 635 SCRA 783 [2010]

Term Limit on the President

Pormento v. Estrada, GR 191988, August 31, 2010

Section 5. Oath

Section 6. Official Residence; Salary

Section 7. Vacancy at the Beginning of the Term of the Presidency

Section 8. Vacancy During the Term of the Presidency

Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452, 2001; MR, 356 SCRA 108, 2001
Lozano, et al v. Macapagal-Arroyo, February 6, 2001

Section 9. Vacancy in the Vice Presidency

Section 10. Vacancies in Both the Presidency and the Vice Presidency

Section 11. Incapacity of the President

Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452, 2001; MR, 356, SCRA 108, 2001

Section 12. Serious Illness of the President

Section 13. Prohibitions

Rafael v. Embroidery & Apparel Control Board- 21 SCRA 336 [1967]

CLU v. Exec. Secretary- 194 SCRA 317 [1991]
Flores v. Drilon, 223 SCRA 568, 1993

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Bitonio v. COA, G.R. no. 147392, March 12, 2004

Public Interest Group v. Elma, GR No. 138965, June 30, 2006
De la Cruz v. COA, GR 138489, November 27, 2001
Funa v. Ermita- 612 SCRA 308 [2010]
Enrique U. Betoy v. The Board of Directors, National Power Corporation, GR
15655657, 04 October 2011

Other Prohibitions
Doromal v. Sandiganbayan- 177 SCRA 354 [1989]

Section 14. Appointments of Acting President

Section 15. Prohibited Appointments

In Re Appointments of Valenzuela and Vallarta, AM No. 98-5-01-SC, Nov. 9,
1998
De la Rama v. CA, G.R. No. 131136, Feb. 28, 2001
De Castro v. Judicial and Bar Council, GR No. 191002, April 20, 2010 and
May 1, 2010

Section 16. Power to Appoint; Commission on Appointments

Nature of the Appointing Power
Government v. Springer- 50 PHIL 259 [1927]
Bermudez v. Exec, Secretary- GR 131429 [August 4, 1999]
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, reconsideration, GR
196271, February 2012

Kinds of Presidential Appointments

Pimentel v. Ermita- 471 SCRA 587 [2005]

Scope of the Power of the Commission on Appointments

Sarmiento III v. Mison- 156 SCRA 549 [1987]
Bautista v. Salonga- 172 SCRA 1260 [1989]
Quintos- Deles v. CA- 177 SCRA 259 [1989]
Pobre v. Mendieta- 224 738 [1993]
Flores v. Drilon- GR 104732, June 22, 1993
Rufino v. Endriga- 496 SCRA 13 [2006]

Congress Requiring Confirmation by the Commission on Appointments on

Other Appointments
Calderon v. Carale- 208 SCRA 254 [1992]
U-sing v. NLRC- 221 SCRA 680 [1993]
Tarrosa v. Singson- 232 SCRA 553 [1994]
Manolo v. Sistoza- 312 SCRA 239 [1999]
Soriano v. Lista, GR 153881, March 24, 2004

Recess or Ad- Intern Appointments and Temporary Appointments

Pimentel v. Ermita, GR 164978, October 13, 2005

Section 17. Power of Control

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Lacson-Magallanes v. Pano 21 SCRA 395, 1967

Maceda v. Macaraig, Jr 197 SCRA 771
Roque v. Director of Lands, L-25373, July 1, 1976
Ang-Angco v. Castillo 9 SCRA 619, 1963
NAMARCO v. Arca 29 SCRA 648, 1969
Drilon v. Lim 235 SCRA 135, 1994
Joson v. Torres 290 SCRA 279, 1998
PASEI v. Torres-225 SCRA 417 [1993]
De Leon v. Carpio- 178 SCRA 457 [1989]
Hutchison v. SBMA- GR 131367, August 31, 2000
Dadole v. COA, GR No. 125350, Dec. 3, 2002
Domingo v. Zamora, GR 142283, Feb. 6, 2003
DENR v. DENR Employees, GR No. 149724, Aug. 19, 2003
Villaluz v. Zaldivar, 15 SCRA 710
Chavez v. Romulo- 431 SCRA 534 [2004]
KMU v. Dir.-Gen. of NEDA- 487 SCRA 623 [2006]
Tondo Medical Center Employees v. CA, GR No. 167324, July 17, 2007
Malaria Employees v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 160093, July 31, 2007
Orosa v. Roa, GR No. 14047, July 14, 2006
Phillips Seafood v. BOI, GR No. 175787, February 4, 2009
Biraogo v. Truth Commission, GR No. 192935, December 7, 2010
Angeles v. Gaite- 605 SCRA 409 [2009]
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. Commission on Audit, GR 177131, 07 June
2011

Power of Supervision
Drilon v. Lim- 235 SCRA 135 [1994]

Faithful Execution Clause

PRA v. Bunag, GR 143784, Feb. 5, 2003
Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan, GR 152259, July 29, 2004

Section 18. PresidentÕs Powers as Commander in Chief

Lansang vs. Garcia, 42 SCRA 448
Aberca v. Ver, 160 SCRA 590
IBP v. Zamora, GR 141284, August 15, 2000
Lacson v. Perez, GR 147780-81, 147799 and 1477810, May 10, 2001
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 159085, February 3, 2004
David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, GR 171396, May 2006
David v. Ermita, GR No. 171409, May 3, 2006
Gudani v. Senga, GR No. 170165, April 15, 2006
Ampatuan v. Puno, 651 SCRA 228
Fortun v. Arroyo, GR 190293, March 20,2012

Section 19. Executive Clemency

Purpose of Executive Clemency

Cristobal v. Labrador 71 PHIL 34 [1940-1941]

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Constitutional Limits on Executive Clemency

Llamas v. Orbos 202 SCRA 844 [1991]
People v. Salle- 250 SCRA 581 [1995]
People v. Bacang 260 SCRA 44 [1996]
Drilon v. CA 202 SCRA 378 [1991]
Torres v. Gonzales 152 SCRA 272 [1987]
People v. Casido 269 SCRA 360 [1997]

Pardon: Nature and Legal Effects

Monsanto v. Factoran 170 SCRA 190 [1989]
Garcia v. COA 226 SCRA 356 [1993]
Sabello v. Department of Education, GR No. 87687, December 26, 1989
People v. Salle, Jr GR No. 103567, December 4, 1995
Garcia v. COA, 226 SCRA 356, 1993
Echegaray v. Sec. of Justice, GR No. 132601, Jan 19, 1999

Section 20. Foreign Loans

Spouses Constantino v. Cuisia, GR 106064, October 13, 2005

Section 21. Foreign Relations: Senate Concurrence in International

Agreements

USAFFE Veterans Association v. Treasurer, 105 PHIL 1030, 1959

Gonzales v. Hechanova- 9 SCRA 230 [1963]
World Health Organization v. Aquino, 48 SCRA 242
Bayan v. Executive Secretary Zamora, 343 SCRA 449, 2000
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary, 2005
Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 151445, April 11, 2002
Secretary of Justice v. Judge Lantion, GR No. 139465, Oct. 17, 2000
Abaya v. Ebdane- 315 SCRA 720 (2007)
Pharmaceutical v. DOH- GR 173034, October 9, 2007
Vinuya v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 162230, April 28, 2010
Bayan Muna v. Romulo, 641 SCRA 244

Other Foreign Affairs Power

Vinuya v. Romulo- 619 SCRA 533 [2010]

Week 7

Article VIII: Judicial Department

Section 1. Judicial Power

Definition and Scope

Marbury v. Madison Ð Cranch 137 [1803]
Santiago v. Baustista Ð 32 SCRA 188 [1970]
Radiowealth v. Agregado Ð 86 Phil. 429 [1950]
In re Laureta Ð 148 SCRA 382 [1987]

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In re Borromeo Ð 241 SCRA 405 [1995]

Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice Ð GR 132601, January 19, 1999
Planters v. Fertiphil Ð 548 SCRA 485 [2008]
RE: Letter to UP Law Faculty&, A.M. No. 10-10-4-C, June 7, 2011
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary - 677 SCRA 408 [2012]

Limits
Manila Electric Co. v. Pasay Transit Co. 57 Phil. 60 [1932-1933]
Noblejas v. Teehankee Ð 23 SCRA 405 [1968]
Erdito Quarto v. Honorable Ombudsman Simeon Marcelo, et al., GR 169042,
05 October 2011

Principle of Judicial Restraint

Francisco Jr v. House of Representatives, G.R. No. 160261, 10 November
2003

Grave Abuse of Discretion

PCGG v. Desierto, GR 132120 , Feb. 10, 2003
Domingo v. Scheer Ð 421 SCRA 468 [2004]
Presidential Ad Hoc v. Desierto Ð 548 SCRA 295 [2008]
Reyes v. Belisario Ð 596 SCRA 31 [2009]
Eloisa L. Tolentino v. Atty. Roy M. Loyola, et al., GR 153809, 27 July 2011

Advisory Opinions
Channie Tan v. Republic, 107 PHIL 632
Santiago, Jr v. Bautista, 32 SCRA 188
Felipe v. Leuterio, 91 PHIL 482
Director of Prisons v. Ang Cho Kio Ð 33 SCRA 494 [1970]

Justiciable Controversy
Angara v. Electoral Commission, 63 Phil 134
US v. Nixon- 418 US 683 [1974]
Marcos v. Manglapus Ð 177 SCRA 668 [1989]
Daza v, Singson Ð 180 SCRA 496 [1989]
Garcia v. BOI Ð 191 SCRA 288 [1990]
Djumantan v. Domingo Ð 240 SCRA 746 [1995]
Mariano v. COMELEC Ð 242 SCRA 211 [1995]
PPI v COMELEC -224 SCRA 272
SBMA v. COMELEC Ð 262 SCRA 492 [1996]
Tanada v. Angara Ð 272 SCRA 18 [1997]
Arroyo v. De Venecia -277 SCRA 268 [1997]
CIR v. Santos Ð 277 SCRA 617 [1997]
Garcia-Rueda v. Pascasio Ð 278 SCRA 769[1997]
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona, GR 134577, November 18, 1997
Tatad v. DOE Ð 281 SCRA 330 [1997]
Telecom v. COMELEC - 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
Miranda v. Aguirre Ð GR 133064, September 16, 1999
Cutaran v. DENR Ð 350 SCRA 697 [2001]
Estrada v. Desierto Ð GR 146740-15, March 2, 2001 and MR April 3, 2001

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Cawaling v. COMELEC Ð GR 146319, October 23, 2001

Montesclaros v. COMELEC Ð GR 152295, July 9, 2002
John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR 119775, October 24, 2003
Velarde v. Social Justice Society, GR 159357, April 28, 2004
Panganiban v. Philippine Shell, GR 131471, Jan. 22, 2003
SMART v. NTC, GR 151908, August 12, 2003
Buac v. COMELEC Ð 421 SCRA 92
Information Technology v. COMELEC -460 SCRA 291
Senate v. Ermita, GR 169659, April 20, 2006
Garcia v. Executive Secretary Ð 583 SCRA 119 [2009]

Distinguish from Declaration Relief

Macasiano v. NHA Ð 224 SCRA 236 [1993]
Tano v. Socrates Ð 278 SCRA 154 [1997]

Conclusive Character of Supreme Court Judgment

In re Subpoena Duces Tecum dated Jan. 11, 2011 Ð 614 SCRA 1

Plenary Judicial Power; Derivative; PET

Macalintal v. PET Ð 635 SCRA 783 [2010]

Sec. 2. Power of Legislative Apportion Jurisdiction

Mantruste Systems v. CA -179 SCRA 136 [1989]
Malaga v. Penachos Ð 213 SCRA 516 [1992]
Lupangco v. CA, 160 SCRA 848 (1988)

Sec. 3 Fiscal Autonomy

Radiowealth v. Agregado Ð 86 Phil. 429 [1950]
Bengzon v. Drilon, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)
In re clarifying and strengthening the Philippine Judicial Academy Ð 481 SCRA
1
RE: Petition for the recognition of the exemption of GSIS, A.M. No. 08-2-01-0,
February 11, 2010
In re COA Opinion on Computation of Appraised Value of Properties -678
SCRA 1 [2012]

Sec. 4. Composition; En Banc and Division Cases

Filling-in Vacancy in Supreme Court; 90 days

De Castro v. JBC Ð 615 SCRA 666 [2010]

Referral to En Banc; Par. 3; Case Only; Modification of Doctrine

Fortich v. Corona Ð GR 131457, August 19, 1997
People v. Dy, GR 115326-37, Jan. 16, 2003
People v. Ebio, GR 147750, Sept 29, 2004
Firestone Ceramics v. CA, GR No. 127245, June 28, 2000
Republic v. Garcia Ð 527 SCRA 495 [2007]

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Apo Fruits Corporation and Hijo Plantation, Inc v. Land Bank of the
Philippines, GR 164195, 05 April 2011.
In re; Letter of Atty. Estelito P. Mendoza Re: G.R. No. 178083 Ð Flight
Attendant and Stewards Association of the Philippines (FASAP) v. Philippine
Airlines, Inc (PAL), et al., A.M. No. 11-10-1-SC, 13 March 2012

Sec. 5. Powers of Supreme Court

Judicial Review
Requisites
Macasiano v. NHA Ð 224 SCRA 236 [1993]
Liban v. Gordon Ð 639 SCRA 709 [2011]

Administrative Agencies; No Power

Serrano v. Gallant Ð 582 SCRA 254 [2009]

First: Ripe for Adjudication

PACU v. Secretary of Education Ð 97 Phil. 806 [1955]
Tan v. Macapagal Ð 43 SCRA 678 [1972]
Solicitor General v. MMDA Ð GR 102782, December 18, 1991
Militante v. CA, GR 107040, April 12, 2000(
Pimentel v. HRET Ð GR 14189, November 29, 2002
Constantino v. Cuisia Ð 472 SCRA 505
Senate v. Ermita 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
David v. Arroyo Ð 489 SCRA 162 [2006]
Suplico v. NEDA Ð GR 178830, July 14, 2008
Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel
Lozano v. Nograles Ð 589 SCRA 356 [2009]
Drilon v. De Venecia Ð 594 SCRA 749 [2009]
De Castro v. JBC Ð 615 SCRA 666 [2010]
LAMP v. Sec. of Budget and Management Ð 670 SCRA 373 [2012]

Second: Standing
Legislators and Government Officials
Gonzales v. Macaraig, Jr.- 191 SCRA 452 [1990]
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]
Del Mar v. PAGCOR, GR 138298, November 29, 2000
Sandoval v. PAGCOR- GR 138982, November 29, 2000
Jaworski v. PAGCOR- 419 SCRA 420
SANLAKAS v. Executive Secretary, GR 159085, Feb. 3, 2004
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003
Province of Batangas v. Romulo- 429 SCRA 736 [2004]
Disomangcop v. Datumanong-444 SCRA 203 [2004]
CHR- employees v. CHR- 444 SCRA 300 [2004]
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary- 462 SCRA 622
Pimentel v. Ermita- 495 SCRA 170 [2006]
Prov. Of North Cotabato v. GRP Peace Panel- 564 SCRA 402 [2008]
Concepcion v. COMELEC- 591 SCRA 420 [2009]
Drilon v. De Venecia- 594 SCRA 749 [2009]

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Biraogo v. PTC- 637 SCRA 78 [2010]

Taxpayers
Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL 331 [1960-1961]
Gonzales v. Marcos- 65 SCRA 624 [1975]
Gonzales v. Narvasa, GR 140835, August 14, 2000
Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159131, Jan. 13 2004.
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary- 421 SCRA 656 [2004]
Velarde v. SJS- 428 SCRA 283 [2004]
Brillantes v. COMELEC- 432 SCRA 269 [2004]
Domingo v. Carague- 456 SCRA 450
Republic v. Nolasco- 457 SCRA 400
Constantino v. Cuisia- 472 SCRA 305
Abaya v. Ebdane- 515 SCRA 720 [2007]
Planters v. Fertiphil- 548 SCRA 485 [2008]
Roque v. COMELEC- 599 SCRA 62 [2009]
Mamba v. Lara, GR 165109, December 14, 2009
De la Llana v. Chairperson, COA- 665 SCRA 176 [2012]
Galicto v. Aquino-667 SCRA 150 [2012]
Initiatives for Dialogue v. PSALM- 682 SCRA 602 [2012]

Citizens and Associations; Transcendental Importance

Legaspi v. CSC- 150 SCRA 530 [1987]
Oposa v. Factoran- 224 SCRA 792 [1993]
PASEI v. Torres-225 SCRA 417 [1993]
Joya v. PCGG- 225 SCRA 540 [1995]
Kilosbayan v. Morato- 246 SCRA 436 [1995]
Tatad v. Garcia 243 SCRA 436 [1995]
Board of Optometry v. Colet- 260 SCRA 88 [1996]
Anti-Graft League of the Philippines- 260 SCRA 250 [1996]
Telecom v. COMELEC- 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
Chavez v. PCGG- GR 130716 [May 19,1999]
IBP v. Zamora- GR 141284 [August 15, 2000]
Bayan v. Zamora- GR 138570, October 10, 2000
Cruz v. Secretary of DENR- gr 135385, December 6, 2000
Lozano v. Macapagal-Arroyo Ð GR 146579, February 6, 2001
Lim v. Exec. Secretary- GR 151445 April 11, 2002
Chavez v. PEA- GR 133250, July 9, 2002
Tolentino v. COMELEC- 420 SCRA 438 [2004]
Agan v. PIATCO- 420 SCRA 575 [2004]
Tichangco v. Enriquez- 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
Automotive Industry Workers Alliance v. Rumolo- 449 SCRA 1
Pimentel v. Office of the Executive Secretary- 462 SCRA 622
Senate v. Ermita- 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
Purok v. Yuipco- 489 SCRA 382 [2006]
David v. Arroyo- 489 SCRA 162 [2006]
Holy Spirit v. Defensor- 497 SCRA 581 [2006]
Henares v. LTFRB- 505 SCRA 104 [2006]
Francisco v. Fernando- 507 SCRA [2006]

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Public interest Center v. Roxas- 513 SCRA 457 [2007]

Garcia v. J.G. Summit- 516 SCRA 483 [2007]
Kilosbayan v. Ermita- 526 SCRA 353 [2007]
Tondo Medical v. CA- 527 SCRA 746 [2007]
Anak Mindanao v. Executive Secretary- 531 SCRA 583 [2007]
Pharmaceutical v. Duque- 535 SCRA 265
Chavez v. Gonzales-545 SCRA 441 [2008]
Akbayan v. Aquino- 558 SCRA 468 [2008]
SJS v. Dangerous Drugs Board- 570 SCRA 410 [2008]
Garcillano v. House- GR 170338, Dec. 23,2008
White Light v. City of Manila- 576 SCRA 416 [2009]
Chamber of Real Estete v. Romulo- 614 SCRA 605 [2010]
Chamber of Real Estate v. ERC- 624 SCRA 556 [2010]
Southern Hemisphere v. ATC- 632 SCRA 146 [2010]
Orlando A. Reyes v. City of Manila, GR 196063, 14 December 2011.
Jelbert B. Galicto v. H.E. President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino, III, GR
193978, 28 February 2012.
Bayan v. Romulo- 641 SCRA 244 [2011]
Magallona v. Ermita- 655 SCRA 476 [2011]

Week 8 : Midterm Exam

Week 9

Other Rules: Raise at Earliest Opportunity and Constitutionality is the Very Lis
Mota
People v. Vera- 65 PHIL. 56 [1937-1938]
Mirasol v. CA- 351 SCRA 44 [2001]
Matibag v. Benipayo- 380 SCRA 49 [2002]
La Bugal v. Ramos- 421 SCRA 148 [2004]
Estarja v. Ranada- 492 SCRA 652 [2006]
Moldex v. HLURB- 525 SCRA 198 [2007]
Gobenciong v. CA- 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
Heirs v. Marasigan- 548 SCRA 409 [2008]
Abakada v. Purisima- 562 SCRA 251 [2008]
ABS- CBN v. Phil. Multi-Media- 576 SCRA 262 [2009]
CSC v. Andal- 608 SCRA 370 [2009]
BPI v. Shemberg- 628 SCRA 70 [2010]
Macalintal v. PET- 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al. v. Board of Airlines Representatives, GR 193247,
Office of the President v. Board of Airlines Representatives GR 194276, 14
September 2011
Reiterating Moldex v. HLURB
Hacienda Luisita v. PARC, GR 171101, November 22, 2011
Sana v. CESB, GR 192926, November 15, 2011
Gamboa v. Teves- 652 SCRA 690 [2011]

Moot Cases
David v. Arroyo, 489 SCRA 162 (2006)

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Suplico v. NEDA, GR 178830, July 14, 2008

Mattel Inc. v. Francisco, GR No. 166886, July 30, 2008
Araullo, et al v. Aquino, et al, GR No. 209287, July 1, 2014 (p. 22)

Political Questions; Requisites

Baker v. Carr- 369 US 169 [1962]
Torrecampo v. Metropolitan- 649 SCRA 482 [2011]

Textually Demonstrable Commitment

Osmena v. Pendatun- 109 PHIL. 683 [1960]
Arroyo v. De Venecia- 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona- GR 134577, November 18, 1998
ICMC v. Calleja- GR 85750, September 28, 1990
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 [1997]
Garcia v. Corona, GR 132451, Dec. 17, 1999

Judicially Discoverable and Manageable Standards

Liang v. People- GR 125865, March 26, 2001

Effect of Unconstitutionality; Par. 2(a); Operative Fact Doctrine

Article 7, New Civil Code
De Agbayani v. PNB- 38 SCRA 429 [1971]
Philippine Coconut v. Republic, supra.
Hacienda Luisita, Inc. v. Presidential Agrarian Reform Council, GR 171101,
Nov. 22, 2011 (Operative Fact Doctrine applies to unconstitutional executive
act)
CIR v. San Roque Power Corporation, GR 187485, Oct 8, 2013 (Operative
Fact Doctrine does not apply to a mere administrative practice; there must be
a law or executive issuance)

Automatic Review; Paragraph 2 (d)

Garcia, et al. v. People- 318 SCRA 434
Pearson v. IAC, GR 74454, Sept. 3, 1998
People v. Mateo- 433 SCRA 640
People v. Duavis, GR 190681, 07 December 2011

Question of Law; Paragraph 2(e)

Cebu WomanÕs Club v. De la Victoria- GR 120060 [March 9, 2000]

Change of Venue; Paragraph 4

People v. Gutierrez- 36 SCRA 172 [1970]

Power to Promulgate Rules; Paragraph 5

Enforcement of Constitutional Rights, Pleading, Practice, and Procedure
in All Courts
First Lepanto v. CA- 231 SCRA 30 [1994]
Lina v. Purisima- 82 SCRA 344 [1978]
Santero v. CFI- Cavite- 153 SCRA 728 [1965]
Damasco v. Laqui- 166 SCRA 214 [1988]

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Carpio v. Sulu Resources- GR 148267, August 8, 2002

Baguio Market Vendors v. Hon. Cortes- GR 165922, February 26, 2010
In re Petition for Recognition- 612 SCRA 193 [2010]
In re Exemption of NPC- 615 SCRA 1 [2010]
In re: in the matter of clarification of Exemption from payment of all Court
SheriffÕs Fees of Cooperatives, A.M. 12-2-03-0,13 March 2012-668 SCRA 1
[2012]
Sto. Tomas v. Paneda- 685 SCRA 245 [2012]

Admission to the Practice of Law, the Integrated Bar, Disciplinary

Powers, and Legal Assistance to the Underprivileged
In re Cunanan- 94 PHIL. 534 [953-1954]
Javellana v. DILG 212 SCRA 475 [1992]
Velez v. De Vera- A.C. No. 6697, July 25, 2006
In re letter of UP Law Faculty- 644 SCRA 543 [2011]

Limits of Power
Simplified and Inexpensive Procedure for Speedy Disposition
Uniform for All Courts of the Same Grade
Not diminish, increase, or modify substantive rights
Bustos v. Lucero- 81 PHIL. 648 [1948]
PNB v. Asuncion- 80 SCRA 321 [1977]
Fabian v. Desierto, GR 129742, September 16, 1998
People v. Lacson- 400 SCRA 267 [2003]
Planters v. Fertiphil- 426 SCRA 414 [2004]
Tan v. Bausch- 478 SCRA 115 [2005]
Republic v. Gingoyon- 478 SCRA 474 [2005]
Camp John Hay v. BIR- GR 172457, December 24, 2008

Procedure of Special Sourts and Quasi-Judicial Bodies Effective Unless

Disapproved by SC
LBP v. De Leon- GR 143275, September 10, 2002
Tan v. COMELEC- 507 SCRA 352 [2006]

Supervision Over the Judiciary

Ampong v. CSC- 563 SCRA 293 [2008]

Sec. 6. Supervision of Courts

Maceda v. Vasquez- 221 SCRA 464 [1993]
De Vera v. Pelayo, GR 137354, July 6, 2000;
Caoibes v. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 132177, July 19,2001;
Fuentes v. OMB, GR 124295, October 23, 2001
Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman-265 SCRA 819 [1996]
Garcia v. De la Pena, 299 SCRA 776 [1994]
Maningas v. Barcenas, AM P-99-1315, Nov. 3, 1999
Gorospe v. Sandoval, AM RTJ-00-1534, Feb. 15, 2000
Caoibes v. Ombudsman, GR 132177, July 19, 2001
Fuentes v. Ombudsman, GR 124295, Oct. 23, 2001
Adajar v. Develos- 475 SCRA 361 [2005]

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Garcia v. Miro- 582 SCRA 127 [2009]

Escalona v. Padillo, AM P-10-2785, September 21, 2010

Sec. 7. Qualifications of Members of Judiciary

In re JBC v. Judge Quitain, JBC No. 013, August 22, 2007
Kilosbayan v. Ermita, GR No. 177721, July 3, 2007
Topacio v. Ong, GR No. 179895, December 15, 2008

Sec. 8. Judicial and Bar Council

Composition
Chavez v. JBC-676 SCRA 579 [2012]
De Castro v. JBC- 615 SCRA 666 [2010]

Sec. 9. Appointment of Justices and Judges

Sec. 10. Diminution of Salary

Nitafan v. CIR- 152 SCRA 284 [1987]

Sec. 11. Security of Tenure; Power to Discipline

Vargas v. Rilloraza- 80 PHIL. 297 [1948]
De La Llana v. Alba- 112 SCRA 294 [1982]
People v. Gacott- 246 SCRA 52 [1995]
Lumpas v. Tamin, AM no. RTJ-99-1519

Sec. 12. Non-Judicial Assignments

In Re Judge Manzano, 166 SCRA 246
Macalintal v. Presidential Electoral Tribunal, 635 SCRA 783 [2010]

Sec. 13. Conclusions of the Supreme Court-How Reached?

Consing v. Court of Appeals, GR 78272, August 29, 1989

Sec. 14. Contents of Decision; Petition for Review; Motion for Reconsideration
Decision expressing clearly and distinctly the facts and the law on
which it is based
Sufficient
Air France v. Carrascoso- 18 SCRA 155 [1966]
People v. Bravo- 227 SCRA 285 [1993]
Hernandez v. CA- 208 SCRA 429 [1993]
Francisco v. Permskul- 173 SCRA 324 [1989]
People v. Landicho- 285 SCRA 1 [1996]
People v. Co- 245 SCRA 733 [1995]
People v. Macoy- 275 SCRA 1 [1997]
ABD v. NLRC- 286 SCRA 454 [1998]
People v. Gastador, GR 123727 [April 14, 1999]
People v. Ordonez, GR 136591, July 10, 2000
People v. Orbita, GR 1365891, July 11, 2002
Lorbes v. CA, 351 SCRA 716
People v. Mendoza, GR 143702, Sept. 13, 2001
Asia Traders v. CA- 423 SCRA 114 [2004]

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Tichangco v. Enriquez- 433 SCRA 324 [2004]

Ceferina Lopez Tan v. Spouses Antazo, GR 187208, 23 February 2011.
Donnina C. Halley v. Printwell, Inc. GR 157549, 30 May 2011.
Hon. Waldo Q. Flores v. Atty. Antonio F. Montemayor, GR 17046, 8 June 2011
Reiting Solid Homes v. Laserna. Art VIII, Section 14 applies only to the
judiciary)

Insufficient
People v. Escober- 157 SCRA 541 [1988]
Nicos v. CA Ð 206 SCRA 127 [1992]
People v. Viernas Ð 262 SCRA 641 [1996]
People v. Bugarin Ð 273 SCRA 384 [1997]
People v. Nadera Ð 342 SCRA 490 [2000]
Madrid v. CA, GR 130683, May 31 2000
Yao v. CA, GR 132428, October 24, 2000
People v. Dumaging, GR 135516, September 20, 2000
Ong Chiu Kwan, GR 13006, November 23, 2000
Spouse Yu Eng Cho v. Pan America World Airways, Inc., GR 123560, March
27, 2000
Kao v. C.A., G.R. No. 105014, December 18,2001
People v. Pastor, 379 SCRA 181 (2002)
People v. Lizada, GR 143468, Jan 24, 2003
Consing v. CA-425 SCRA 192 [2004]
Velarde v. SJS-428 SCRA 283 [2004]
Report on the Judicial Audit (MTC of Tambulig)- 472 SCRA 419 [2005]
Lacurom v. Tienzo- 535 SCRA 252 [2007]
Salazar v. Marigomen- 537 SCRA 25 [2007]
De la Pena v. CA- 579 SCRA 396 [2009]
Office of the President and Presidential Anti- Graft Commission v. Calixto R.
Cataquiz, GR 183445, 14 September 2011.
Republic of the Philippines (University of the Philippines) v. Legaspi, GR
177611, 18 April 2012

Legal basis must be stated if a petition for review or motion for

reconsideration of a decision shall be refused due course or denied
Borromeo v. CA- 186 SCRA 1 [1990]
JRB Realty v. CA-271 SCRA 229 [1997]
Komatsu v. CA-289 SCRA 604 [1998]
Martinez v. CA, GR 123547, May 21, 2001
Protacio v. Laya-582 SCRA 417 [2009]
Nationwide Security and Allied Services, Inc. v. Ronald P. Valderama, GR
186614, 23 February 2011. Reiterating Philippine Health care Providers, Inc.
v. CIR.
Re: Verified Complaint of Engr. Oscar L. Ongjoco, A.M. OCA IPI No. 11-184-
CA-J, 31 January 2012.
Agoy v. Araneta Center, GR 196358, 21 March 2012. Reiterating Borromeo v.
CA

Sec. 15. Period for Making Decisions

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Dizon v. Judge Lopez- 278 SCRA 483 [1997]

Mosquera v. Legaspi, AM RTJ-99-1511, July 10,2000
OCA v. Salva, AM RTJ-98-1412, July 19, 2000
Dela Cruz v. Bersamira, AM RTJ-00-1567, July 24, 2000
Heirs of Sucaldito v. Cruz, AM RTJ-991456, July 27, 2000
Sulla v. Ramos, AM-MTJ-00-1319, September 27, 2000
Seares v. Salazar, AM MTJ-98-1160, November 22, 2000
Gil v. Jonolo, AM RTJ-00-1602, December 5, 2000
Aslarona v. Echavez, AM RTJ-03-1803, Oct. 2, 2003
Unitrust DevÕt Bank v. Caoibes, AM RTJ-03-1745, Aug, 20, 2003
Re: Request of Judge Javellana, AM 01-6-314-RTC, June 19, 2003
Salud v. Alumbres, AM RTJ-00-1594, June 20,2003
Samson v. Mejia, AM RTJ-02-1710,June 17,2003

Supplemnent:
Sibayan-Joaquin v. Judge Javellana, A.M. No. RTJ-00-1601, Nov. 13,2001

Sec. 16. Report to the President and to Congress

Week 10
Article IX: Constitutional Commissions

A. Common Provisions

Section 1. Independent Commissions

Macalintal v. COMELEC, GR 157013, July 10, 2003
Ombudsman v. Civil Service Commission, GR No. 159940, February 16, 2005

Section 2. Prohibition on Members

Section 3. Salary

Section 4. Power to Appoint

Section 5. Fiscal Autonomy

CSC v. DBM, 482 SCRA 233

Section 6. Promulgation of Rules

Macalintal v. COMELEC, GR No. 157013, July 10, 2003
Sabili v. COMELEC, GR 193261, April 24, 2012

Section 7. Decisions of the Commissions

Review of final orders, resolutions and decisions:

1. Rendered in the exercise of quasi-judicial functions
2. Rendered in the exercise of administrative functions

Filipinas Engineering and Machine Shop v. Ferrer, 135 SCRA 25

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Saligumba v. CA, 117 SCRA 669

PTTC v. COA, 146 SCRA 190 (1986)
Cua v. COMELEC, 156 SCRA 582 (1987)
Estrella v. COMELEC, GR No. 160465, May 27, 2004
Mison v. COA, 187 SCRA 445 (1990)
Paredes v. COMELEC, 127 SCRA 653 (1984)
Ambil v. COMELEC, 344 SCRA 358 [2000]
Mateo v. CA, GR No. 113219, August 14, 1995
Reyes v. Regional Trial Court, GR No. 108886, May 5, 1995
ABS-CBN v. COMELEC, 323 SCRA 611
Salva v. Makalintal, GR 132603, September 18, 2000
Garces v. CA, GR. No. 114 795, July 17, 1996
Dumayas v. COMELEC, GR Nos. 141952-53, April 29, 2001
Aguilar v. COMELEC, GR No. 185140, June 30, 2009
Cayetano v. COMELEC, GR 193846, April 12, 2011
Dela Llana v. The Chairperson, COA, GR 180989, February 7, 2012
Cagas v. COMELEC, 663 SCRA 644 (2012)

Section 8. Other Functions

Week 11
B. Civil Service Commission

Section 1. Composition; Qualifications; Term

Gaminde v. COA Ð347 SCRA 655 (2000)
Mathay Jr. v. CA, GR No. 124374, December 15, 1999

Section 2.Scope of the system

Cuevas v. Bacal, GR 139382, December 6 2000

Under Civil Service Law

PARAGRAPH 1
MWSS v. Hernandez Ð 143 SCRA 602 [1986]
NSC v. NLRC Ð 168 SCRA 122
UP v. Regino Ð 221 SCRA 598 [1993]
Mateo v. CA Ð 247 SCRA 284 [1995]
DOH v. NLRC Ð 251 SCRA 700 [1995]
Juco v. NLRC Ð 277 SCRA 528 [1997]
Feliciano v. Gison Ð 629 SCRA 103 [2010]

GOCCs Under the Corporation Code

BLISS v. Calejo Ð 237 SCRA 271 [1994]
Postigo v. Philippine Tuberculosis society Ð 479 SCRA 628
LRTA v. Venus Ð 485 SCRA 301

PARAGRAPH 2
Classifications and Appointments
HIGC v. CSC Ð 220 SCRA 148 [1993]
Mauna v. CSC Ð 232 SCRA 388 [1994]

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Rimonte v. CSC Ð 244 SCRA 498 [1995]

Gloria v. De Guzman Ð 249 SCRA 126 [1995]
Atty. Ellas Omar A Sana v. Career Executive Service Board, GR 192926, 15
November 2011

Competitive
Samson v. CA Ð 145 SCRA 654[1986]

Non-Competitive
Astraquillo v. Mangalupas Ð 190 SCRA 280 [1990]
Office of the President v. Buenaobra Ð 501 SCRA 302

Policy-Determining

Primarily Confidential
Borres v. CA Ð 153 SCRA 120 [1987]
Grino v. CSC Ð 194 SCRA 458 [1991]
Santos v. Macaraig Ð 208 SCRA 74 [1992]
Hilario v. CSC Ð 243 SCRA 206 [1995]
Rosete v. CA Ð 264 SCRA 147 [1996]
CSC v. Salas Ð 274 SCRA 414 [1997]
Acahacoso v. Macaraig Ð 195 SCRA 235 [1991]
Felix v. Buenaseda Ð 240 SCRA 139 [1995] (par.2)
Pamantasan ng Maynila v. CSC Ð 241 SCRA 503 [1995]
Province of the Camarines Sur v. CA Ð 246 SCRA 231 [1995]
PEZA v. Mercado Ð 614 SCRA 683 [2010]
CSC v. CA Ð 635 SCRA 749 [2010]

Permanent
Luego v. CSC Ð 143 SCRA 327 [1986]
Pangilinan v. Maglaya Ð 225 SCRA 511 [1993] (par.2)

Reorganization
Santiago v. CSC Ð 178 SCRA 733 [1989]
Montecillo v. Civil Service Commission, GR NO. 131954. June 28, 2001
Gatmaitan v. Gonzales Ð 492 SCRA 591
Nieves v. Blanco Ð 673 SCRA 638 [2012]

Appointment vs. designation

Binamira v. Garucho Ð 188 SCRA 154 [1990] (par.2) (designation by Dept.
Sec.)

Removal for Cause/Security of Tenure

Cause for Removal: PARAGRAPH 3

1. Loss confidence
Hernandez v. Villegas Ð 14 SCRA 544 [1965]

2. Abolition of Office

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Briones v. Osmena Ð 104 PHIL. 588 [1958]

Eugene v. CSC Ð 243 SCRA 196 [1995]

3. Reorganization
Romualdez-Yap v. CSC Ð 225 SCRA 285 [1993]
Fernandez v. Sto Tomas Ð 242 SCRA 192 [1995]
Chato v. Natividad Ð 244 SCRA 787 [1995]
Divinagracia v. Sto. Tomas Ð 244 SCRA 595 [1995] (par.3)
Vinzon-Chato v. Zenarosa, GR 120539, October 20, 2000
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 129118, July 19, 2000
Cuevas v. Bacal, GR 139382, December 6, 2000

4. Qualification for Eligibility

Mayor v. Macaraig Ð 194 SCRA 672 [1991

5. Abandonment; Acceptance of Incompatible/Other Employment

Canonizado v. Aguirre, 323 SCRA 312 [2001]
Salvador v. CA, GR 127501, May 5, 2000

Due Process in Removal

Enrique v. CA Ð 229 SCRA 180 [1994]
CSC v. Magnaye Ð 619 SCRA 347 [2010]
Rubenecia v. CSC Ð 244 SCRA 640 [1995]
Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office Board Of Directors v. Marie Jean C.
Lapid, GR 191940, 12 April 2011

Security of Tenure
Chua v. CSC Ð 206 SCRA 65 [1992]
NLTD v. CSC Ð 221 SCRA 145
Cabagnot v. CSC Ð 223 SCRA 59 (
Marohombsar v. CA, GR 126481, February 18, 2000
Ong v. OP Ð 664 SCRA 413 [2012]

Electioneering or Partisan Political Activity

Santos v. Yatco Ð 106 PHIL 21
People v. De Venecia Ð 14 SCRA 864 [1965]

Right to Self-Organization and Right to Strike

SSS Employees v. CA Ð 175 SCRA 686 [1989]
Balingasan v. CA Ð 276 SCRA 557 [1997]
Jacinto v. CA Ð 281 SCRA 557 [1997]
De la Cruz v. CA Ð 305 SCRA 303
GSIS v. Kapisanan Ð 510 SCRA 622

Temporary Employees
Gloria v. CA, GR 119903, August 15, 2000

Section 3. Purpose of a Civil Service System

Lazo v. CSC, 236 SCRA 469

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Section 4. Oath or Affirmation

Section 5. Standardization of Compensation

Section 6. Prohibition of Appointment of ÒLame DucksÓ

People v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 164185, July 23, 2008

Section 7. Prohibitions; Appointments; Office; Employment

Flores v. Drilon Ð 223 SCRA 568 (1993)
In re Eduardo Escala, 653 SCRA 141
La Carlota City v. Rojo , GR 181367, 24 April 2012

Sec. 8 Prohibitions; Compensation; Foreign Gift/Office/Title

Sedusasta v. Municipality of Surigao Ð 72 PHIL. 482 [1941]
Peralta v. Mathay Ð 38 SCRA 296 (1971)
Santos v. CA Ð GR No. 139792, Nov. 22, 2000
Cabili v. CSC, GR No. 156503, June 22, 2006
Benguet State University v. Colting, GR No. 169637, June 8, 2007
Herrera, et al v. NPC, GR No. 166570, December 18, 2009
NEA v. CSC Ð 611 SCRA 14 [2010]
Yap v. COA Ð 619 SCRA 154 [2010]
Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al v. Board of Airlines, GR 193247
Office of the President v. Board of Airlines, GR 194276, 14 September 2011
PEZA V. COA Ð 675 SCRA 513[2012]
Dimagiba v. Espartero Ð 676 SCRA 420 [2012]

Week 12
C. Commission on Elections

Section 1. Composition; Qualifications; Term

Cayetano v. Monsod, 201 SCRA 210 (1991)
Brillantes v. Yorac, 192 SCRA 358 (1990)
Matibag v. Benipayo, 380 SCRA 49

Section 2. Powers and Functions

Administrative Power
Alfiado v. Comelec, GR 141787, September 18, 2000
Columbres v. Comelec, GR 142038,September 18, 2000
Sahali v. Comelec, GR 134169, February 2, 2000
Claudio v. Comelec, GR 140560, May 4, 2000
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 129118, July 19, 2000
Social Weather Station, Inc v. COMELEC, GR NO. 147571, May 5, 2001
Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159139, Jan 13, 2004
Buac v. Comelec, 421 SCRA 92
Capalla v. COMELEC Ð 673 SCRA 1 [2012]

Election Contests

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Flores v. COMELEC Ð 184 SCRA 484 [1990]

Galido v. COMELEC Ð 193 SCRA 78 [1991]
Mercado v. BES Ð 243 SCRA 422 [1995]
Relampagos v. Cumba Ð 243 SCRA 690 [1995]
People v. Delgado Ð 189 SCRA 715 [1990]
Garces v. CA Ð 259 SCRA 99 [1996]
Zarate v. Comelec and Lallave Ð GR 129096, November 19, 1999
Regalado v. CA, GR 115962, February 15, 2000
Faelnar v. People,GR 140850-51, May 4, 2000
Tan v. Comelec, GR 148575, Dec. 10, 2003
Alauya v. Comelec, GR 158830, August 10, 2004

Powers Not Given

Deputizing Law Enforcement Agencies

People v. Basilla Ð 179 SCRA 87[1989]

Registration of Parties and Organization

LDP v. Comelec, GR 161265, February 24, 2004
Atienza v. COMELEC Ð 612 SCRA 761 [2010]
Lokin v. COMELEC Ð 674 SCRA 538[2012]

Prosecution of Election Offenses

People v. Inting Ð 187 SCRA 788 [1990]
Corpus v. Tanodbayan Ð 149 SCRA 281[1987]
COMELEC v. Silva Ð 286 SCRA 177[1998]
Comelec v. Hon. Espanol, GR 149164, Dec. 10, 2003
Arroyo v. DOJ Ð 681 SCRA 181[2012]

Recommendatory Powers

Section 3. Decisions
Pangilinan v. COMELEC Ð 228 SCRA 36[1993]
Sarmiento v. Comelec Ð 212 SCRA 307[1992]
Carnicosa v. COMELEC Ð 282 SCRA 512[1997]
Ramas v. COMELEC Ð 286 SCRA 189[1998]
Garvida v. Sales Ð 271 SCRA 767[1997]
Velayo v. Comelec, GR 135613, March 9, 2000
Sebastian v. Comelec, GR 139573, Mach 7, 2000
Soller v. Comelec, GR 139853, September 5, 2000
Barroso v. Ampig et al, GR138218, March 17, 2000
Maruhon v. Comelec, GR 139357, May 5,2000
Balindong v. Comelec, GR 153991, Oct. 16, 2003
Jaramilla v. Comelec, GR 155717, Oct. 23, 2003
Bautista v. Comelec, GR 154796-97, Oct. 23, 2003
De Llana v. Comelec, GR 152080, Nov. 28, 2003
Repol v. Comelec, GR 151418, Apr. 28, 2004
Pedragoza v. COMELEC Ð 496 SCRA 513
Cayetano v. COMELEC Ð 479 SCRA 514

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Munoz v. COMELEC Ð 495 SCRA 407

Tan v. COMELEC Ð 507 SCRA 352
Enriquel v. COMELEC Ð 613 SCRA 809
Mendoza v. COMELEC Ð 616 SCRA 443
Maria Laarni L Cayetano v. Comelec, GR 193846, 12 April 2011 (also in Sec.
7, Art IX-A)

Section 4. Supervision/Regulation of Public Utilities, Media Grants, Privileges

Unido v. COMELEC, 104 SCRA 17
Sanidad v. COMELEC, 181 SCRA 529 (1990)
Osmena v. COMELEC Ð 199 SCRA 750 [1991]
Philippine Press Institute v. COMELEC, GR No. 119654, May 22, 1995
Telecom v. COMELEC Ð 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
ABS-CBN v. COMELEC, GR No. 133486, Jan. 28, 2000
SWS v. COMELEC, GR No. 147571, May 5, 2001

Section 5. Favorable Recommendation for Pardon, Amnesty, Parole or

Suspension of Sentence

Section 6. Free and Open Party System

Liberal Party v. COMELEC, GR No. 191771, May 6, 2010

Section 7. No Block-Voting

Section 8. Prohibition on Political Parties

Section 9. Election Period

Section 10. No Harassment and Discrimination

Section 11. Funds

D. Commission of Audit

Section 1. Qualifications; Term

Mison v. COA, 187 SCRA 445

Section 2. General Function; Powers

Sec. 2 Powers and Functions

Examine and Audit: Government revenues and Government expenditures

Blue Bar Coconut Phil. Tantuico Ð 163 SCRA 716 [1988]
DBP v. COA Ð 231 SCRA 202 [1994]
Eslao v. COA Ð 236 SCRA 161 [1994]
J.F.F. Manacop v. CA Ð 266 SCRA 235 [1997]
Polloso v. Gangan, GR 140563, July 14, 2000
Uy v. COA, GR 130685, March 21, 2000
Aguinaldo v. Sandiganbayan Ð 265 SCRA 121 [1996]

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DBP v. COA, 422 SCRA 459 [2004]

Home Development Mutual Fund v. COA, GR 142297, June 15, 2004
DBP v. COA Ð 498 SCRA 537 [2006]
Nava v. Palattao Ð 499 SCRA 745 [2006]
Gualberto De Llana v. COA, GR 180989, 7 Feb. 2012
Candelario L. Versoza Jr. v. Guillermo N Carague, GR 157838, 7 February
2012
Philippine Coconut v. Republic Ð 663 SCRA 514 [2012]

Audit Jurisdiction
Caltex v. COA Ð 208 SCRA 726 [1992]
Mamaril v. Domingo Ð 227 SCRA 206[1993]
Philippine Airlines v. COA Ð 245 SCRA 39 [1995]
CIR v. COA Ð 218 SCRA 203 [1993]
CSC v. Pobre, GR 160568, Sept. 15, 2004
Luciano Velos, et al. v. Commission On Audit, GR 193677,6 Sept. 20011
Boy Scout of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, 7 June 2011
Dela Llana v. COA Ð 665 SCRA 176 [2012]
Settle Government Account
Philippine Operations, Inc. v. Auditor General, 94 Phil 868 [1953-1954]
ICNA v. Republic, 21 SCRA 40 [1967]
Dingcong v. Guingona, 162 SCRA 782 [1988]
NHC v. COA Ð 226 SCRA 55 [1993]
Euro-Med v. Province of Batangas, 495 SCRA 30 [2006]

Define Scope and Techniques of Auditing Procedures

Danville Maritime v. COA,175 SCRA 701 [1989]

Promulgate Accounting and Auditing Rules

Leycano v. COA, 482 SCRA 215

Decide Administrative Cases Involving Expenditures of Public Funds

NCMH v. COA, 265 SCRA 390 [1996]
Ramos v. Aquino, 39 SCRA 256 [1971]
Salva v. Carague, 511 SCRA 258
City of Basilan v. Hechanova, 58 SCRA 711 [1974]

Section 3. COA Jurisdiction

Luciano Veloso v. Commisssion on Audit, GR 193677, 6 September 2011

Section 4. Annual Report to the President and to Congress

Week 13

Article X. Local Government

Section 1. Territorial and Political Subdivisions of the Philippines

Cordillera Broad Coalition v. COA, GR No. 79956, January 26, 1990

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Section 2. Local Autonomy

Limbona v. Conte Mangelin, et al, GR No. 80391, February 28, 1989
San Juan v. CSC, 196 SCRA 69 (1991)
Drilon v. Lim Ð 235 SCRA 135 [1994]
Magtajas v. Pryce Properties, GR No. 111097, July 20, 1994
Judge Leynes v. COA, GR No. 143596, Dec. 11, 2003
Batangas CATV v. CA and Batangas City, GR No. 138810, September 29, 2004
CREBA v. Secretary of DAR, GR 183409, June 18, 2010

Section 3. Local Government Code

Garcia v. COMELEC, 227 SCRA 100 (1993)
Malonzo v. COMELEC, 269 SCRA 380 (1997)
Malonzo v. Zamora Ð 323 SCRA 875

Section 4. Supervision by the President

Ganzon v. CA, 200 SCRA 271
Joson v. Torres, 290 SCRA 279
Drilon v. Lim, 235 SCRA 135 (1994)
Bito-onon v. Fernandez Ð 350 SCRA 732
National Liga v. Paredes Ð 439 130 [2004]
SJS v. Atienza Ð 545 SCRA 92 [2009]
Province of Negros v. COA, GR No. 182574, September 28, 2010

Section 5. Taxation Power of Local Government

LTO v. City of Butuan, 322 SCRA 805
Lina v. Pano, 364 SCRA 76 (2001)
Petron v. Mayor, GR No. 158881, April 16, 2008
Yamane v. BA Lepanto Condominium, GR No. 154993, October 25, 2005
Philippine Petroleum v. Municipality of Pililla, GR No. 90773, June 3, 1991
Acebedo Optical v. CA, GR 100152, March 21, 2000
PLDT v. City of Davao, GR 143867, March 25, 2003
John Hay PeopleÕs Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR No. 119775, October 24, 2003
Manila Electric v. Province of Laguna, GR No. 131359, May 5, 1999
Batangas Power v. Batangas City, GR No. 152675, April 28, 2004
Smart Communications v. City of Davao, GR No. 155491, September 16, 2008

Section 6. Share in National Taxes

Pimentel v. Aguirre, 336 SCRA 201 (2000)
Province of Batangas v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 152774, May 27, 2004
Alternative Center v. Zamora, GR No. 144256, June 8, 2005
League of Cities v. COMELEC August 24, 2010

Section 7. Equitable Share in the National Wealth

Section 8. Term of Local Officials

Borja v. COMELEC, 295 SCRA 157
Lozanida v. COMELEC, GR No. 135150, July 28, 1999
Adormeo v. COMELEC, GR No. 147927, February 4, 2002
Socrates v. COMELEC, 391 SCRA 457 (2002)

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Latasa v. COMELEC, GR No. 154829, Dec. 10, 2003

David v. COMELEC, 271 SCRA 90 (1997)
Rivera v. COMELEC Ð 523 SCRA 41
Montebon v. COMELEC, 551 SCRA 50
Ong v. Alegre, GR No. 163295, January 23, 2006
Laceda v. Lumena Ð GR 182867, November 25, 2008
Dizon v. COMELEC, GR No. 182088, January 30, 2009
Alboin v. COMELEC, GR No. 184836, December 23, 2009
Bolos v. COMELEC Ð 581 SCRA 786 [2009]
Aldovino v. COMELEC Ð 609 SCRA 234 [2009]
Datu Michel Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, February 2012
(reconsideration; holdover provision in RA 9054 Unconstitutional as Congress in
passing RA 10153 has made clear)

Section 9. Sectoral Representatives

Supangan Jr. v. Santos, GR No. 84662, August 24, 1990

Section 10. Creation, Abolition, Change of Boundaries

Tan v. COMELEC, 142 SCRA 727 (1986)
Tobias v. Abalos Ð 239 SCRA 106 [1994] (metes and bounds)
Mun. of Jimenez v. Judge Baz Ð 265 SCRA 182 [1996](de jure corporation)
Cawaling v. COMELEC Ð GR146319, October 26, 2001
League of Cities of the Philippines v. COMELEC, GR 176951, Nov. 29, 2008
Sema v. COMELEC, 558 SCRA 700
Camid v. Office of the President, GR No. 161414, January 17, 2005
Navarro v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 180050, February 10, 2010

Section 11. Metropolitan Political Subdivisions

MMDA v. Bel-Air Village Association Assoc., GR No. 135962, March 27, 2000
MMDA v. Garin, GR No. 130230, April 15, 2005
Gancayco v. City Government of Quezon City, 658 SCRA 853

Section 12. Highly Urbanized Cities, Component Cities

Abella v. COMELEC, GR No. 100710, September 3, 1991

Section 13. Local Government Units Grouping Themselves

Section 14. Regional Development Councils and Other Similar Bodies

Pimentel v. Ochoa Ð 676 SCRA 551 [2012]

Sec. 15 Purpose, and how many Autonomous Regions

Section 15. Autonomous Regions

Disomangcop v. Sec. of DPWH,GR 149848, Nov. 25, 2004
Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR No. 196271, October 18, 2011

Section 16. General Supervision of the President

Ampatuan v. Hon Ronaldo Puno, GR 190259. 17 June 2011 (Proclamation 1946 and
AOs and 273 ÐA do not violate the principle of local autonomy under Section 16,

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Article X of the Constitution, and Section 1 Article V of the Expanded ARMM Organic
Act)
Kulayan v. Tan Ð 675 SCRA 482 [2012]

Section 17. Powers Not Vested to the ARMM

Datu Michel Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October 2011.

Sections 18 and19. Organic Act for Autonomous Regions

Abbas v. COMELEC, 179 SCRA 287 (1989)
Ordillos v. COMELEC, 192 SCRA 100 (1990)
Badua v. CBA, 194 SCRA 101 (1991)
Atitiw v. Zamora, 471 SCRA 329
Cordillera Broad Coalition v. COA, GR No. 82217, Jan. 29, 1990
Pandi v. CA, GR No. 116850, April 11, 2002
Sema v. COMELEC, GR No. 177597, July 16, 2008
Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, February 2012
Section 20. Legislative Powers of the Autonomous Regions
Province of North Cotabato v. Government of the Philippines Peace Panel, 568
SCRA 492

Section 21. Preservation of Peace and Order

Week 14
Article XI. Accountability of Public Officers

Section 1. Public Office

Hipolito v. Mergas Ð 195 SCRA 6 [1991]
Bornasal, Jr. v. Montes Ð 280 SCRA 181 [1997]
Almario v. Resus Ð AM NO. P941076, [November 22, 1999]
Juan v. People, GR 132378, January 18, 2000
Re; AWOL of Antonio Makalintal, AM 99-11-06-SC, February 15, 2000
Estrella v. Sandiganbayan, GR 125160, June 20, 2000
Malbas v. Blanco, A.M P99-1350, December 12, 2001
Manaois v. Lemeo, AM MTJ-03-1492, Aug. 26, 2003
Re; Gideon Alibang, AM 2003-11-SC June 15, 2004
ABAKADA v. Purisima Ð 562 SCRA 251[2008]
Salumbides v. OMB, GR 180917, April 23, 2010

Section 2. Officers Subject to Removal by Impeachment

Ombudsman v. CA Ð 452 SCRA 714 [2005] (exclusive list)

Section 3. Procedure for Impeachment

In re Gonzales, 160 SCRA 771 (1988)
Marcoleta v. Brawner Ð 582 SCRA 474 [2009])
Romulo v. Yniguez, 141 SCRA 260 (1986)
Francisco v. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44
Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452 (2001); MR, 356 SCRA 108 (2001)
Gutierrez v. Committee on Justice, 643 SCRA 198

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Section 4. Sandiganbayan
Nunez v. Sandiganbayan Ð 111 SCRA 433 [1982] (creation of Sandiganbayan)
Lecaros v. Sandiganbayan Ð 128 SCRA 324 [1984] (crimes in relation to
public office)
Cunanan v. Arceo Ð 242 SCRA 88 [1995] (averment of the nature of the crime
committed)
Balmadrid v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 58327, March 22, 1991
Azarcon v. Sandiganbanyan, GR No. 116033, February 26, 1997
Binay v. Sandiganbayan Ð GR NO. 120681-83 [October 1, 1999]
Mayor Layus v. Sandiganbayan Ð GR 134272, December 8, 1999
Abbot v. Mapayo, GR 134102, July 6, 2000
Defensor-Santiago, 356 SCRA 636 (2001)

Section 5. Ombudsman
Baluyot v. Holganza, GR 136374, February 2000
Garcia v. Ombudsman, GR 127710, February 16, 2000
Lapid v. CA, GR 142261, June 29, 2000
Tirol v. COA, GR 133954, August 3, 2000
Mamburao v. Desierto, 429 SCRA 76
Carandang v. Desierto, 639 SCRA 293
Lacson v. ES, 649 SCRA 142
People v. Morales, 649 SCRA 182
Quarto v. Marcelo, 658 SCRA 580

Section 6. Appointments
Ombudsman v. CSC, GR No. 162215, July 20, 2007

Section 7. Tanodbayan as Special Prosecutor

Quimpo v. Tanodbayan Ð 146 SCRA 137 [1986]
Zaldivar v. Sandiganbayan, 160 SCRA 843 (1988)
Acop v. Ombudsman, GR No. 120422, September 27, 1995
Deloso v. Domingo, 191 SCRA 545
Almonte v. Vasquez, GR No. 95367, May 22, 1995
Azarcon v. Guerrero, GR No. 121017, Feb 17, 1997
Azarcon v. Guerrero , GR No. 116033, Feb 26, 1997
Camanag v. Hon Guerrero Ð 286 SCRA 473 [1997]
Buenasada v. Flavier, 226 SCRA 645
Macalino v. Sandiganbayan, 376 SCRA 452
BIR v. Ombudsman, GR No. 115103, April 11, 2002
Laurel v. Desierto, GR No. 145368, April 12, 2002
Office of the Ombudsman v. Valera Ð 471 SCRA 715 [2005]
Perez v. Sandiganbayan Ð 503 SCRA 252
Calingin v. Desierto 529 SCRA 720 [2007]
Lazatin v. Desierto Ð 588 SCRA 285 [2009]

Section 8. Qualifications

Section 9. Appointments

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Section 10. Rank

Section 11. Term

Section 12. Prompt Action on Complaints

Laurel v. Desierto, GR No. 145368, April 12, 2002
Almonte v. Vasquez, 244 SCRA 286 (1995)
Uy v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 105965, March 20, 2001
Raro v. Sandiganbayan, GR 108431, July 14, 2000
Bautista v. Sandiganbayan, GR 136082, May 12, 2000
Roxas v. Vasquez, GR NO. 114944, June 19, 2001
Kara-an v. Ombudsman, GR 119990, June 21, 2004
People v. Sandiganbayan Ð 451 SCRA 413 [2005]
Laxina v. Ombudsman Ð 471 SCRA 542 [2005]
Gemma P. Cabalit v. Commission On Audit-Region VII, Gr 180236, 17
January 2012 (power of the Ombudsman Ðto determine and impose
administrative liability is mandatory)
Gonzales III v. OP Ð 679 SCRA 614 [2012]

Section 13. Powers; Functions; Duties

In General
Cruz v. Sandiganbayan Ð 194 SCRA 474 [1991]
Maceda v. Vasquez Ð 221 SCRA 464 [1993]
Macalino v. Sandiganbayan Ð 376 SCRA 452
Garcia v. Miro, GR No. 148944, Feb 5, 2003
Honasan II v. Panel of Investigating Prosecutors Ð GR No. 159747, April 13,
2004
Samson v. OMB, GR 117741, Sept 29, 2004
Corpuz v. Sandiganbayan, GR 162214, Nov. 11, 2004
Khan, Jr. v. Ombudsman, GR No. 125296, July 20, 2006
Ombudsman v. Estandarte, GR No. 168670, April 13, 2007
Ombudsman v. Lucero, November 24, 2006
Ombudsman v. CA, GR No. 169079, July 17, 2007
Sangguniang Barangay v. Punong Barangay, GR No. 170626, March 3, 2008
Perez v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 166062, September 26, 2006
Buencamino v. CA, GR No. 175895, April 4, 2007
Medina v. COA, GR No. 176478, February 4, 2008
Villas Nor v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 180700, March 4, 2008
Ombudsman v. Rodriguez, GR No. 172700, July 23, 2010
OMB v. Estendarte Ð 521 SCRA 155 [2007]
Salvador v. Mapa Ð 539 SCRA 34 [2000]
OMB v. Masing Ð 542 SCRA 253 [2008]
Medina v. COA Ð 543 SCRA 684[2008]
Borja v. People Ð 553 SCRA 250 [2008]

Preventive Suspension and Imposition of Penalties

Buennaseda v. Favier Ð 226 SCRA 645 [1993](when to suspension)

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Hagad v. Gozo-Dadole Ð 251 SCRA 243 [1995] (nature)

Vasquez v. Hobilla-Alinio Ð 271 SCRA 67 [1997] (not in relation to duties)
OMB v. CA Ð 491 SCRA 92
OMB v. Madriaga Ð 503 SCRA 631
OMB v. CA 507 SCRA 593
Estorja v. Ranada Ð 492 SCRA 652
OMB v. Lucero Ð 508 SCRA 593
Balbastro v. Junio Ð 527 SCRA 680 [2007]
OMB v. CA Ð 527 SCRA 798 [2007]
COA v. CA Ð 529 SCRA 245 [2007
OMB v. Santiago Ð 533 SCRA 305 [2007]
Govenciong v. CA Ð 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
Marahomsalic v. Cole Ð 547 SCRA 98
OMB v. Lisondra Ð 548 SCRA 83
Miro v. Abugan Ð 549 SCRA 34
Cesa v. OMB Ð 553 SCRA 357
OMB v. De Sahagun Ð 562 SCRA 122
OMB v. samaniego Ð 564 SCRA 502
Boncalon v. OMB Ð GR 171812, December 24, 2008
OMB v. Beltran Ð 588 SCRA 574 [2009]
OMB v. Apolonio, GR 165132, 07 March 2012 (power to directly impose
administrative penalties, including removal from office)

Jurisdiction over Criminal Cases

Natividad v. Felix Ð 229 SCRA 680 [1994] (amount)
Lastimosa v. Vasquez Ð 243 SCRA 497 [1995] (prosecutorÕs assistance)
Presidential v. desierto Ð 528 SCRA 20 [2007]

Fact-finding distinguished from Preliminary Investigation

Raro v. Sandiganbayan, GR 108431, July 14, 2000
Serapio v. Sandiganbayan, GR 148468, Jan 28, 2003

Section 14. Fiscal Autonomy

Section 15. Right to Recover Properties Unlawfully Acquired

Heirs of Gregorio Licaros v. SB, GR 157438, October 18, 2004
Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-finding Committee on Behest Loans v. OMB
Desierto, GR 135715, 13 April 2011. (reiterating Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-
Finding Committee on Behest Loans v. Desierto, GR 130140; provision
applies only to civil actions for recovery of ill-gotten wealth, and not to criminal
cases)

Section 16. Loan, Guaranty or Other Form of Financial Accommodation

Section 17. Declaration of Assets and Liabilities

Section 18. Allegiance of Public Officers

Caasi v. CA, 191 SCRA 229 (1990)
Sampayan v. Daza Ð 213 SCRA 807 [1992]

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Week 15

Article XII. National Economy and Patrimony

Section 1. Threefold Goal of the National Economy

Section 2. Regalian Doctrine

Public Domain and Regalian Doctrine

Lee Hong Kok v. David, 48 SCRA 372
Carino v. Insurer Government, 41 PHIL 935
Laurel v. Garcia, 187 SCRA 797 (1990)
Almeda v. Court of Appeals, GR No. 85322, April 30, 1991
Director of Lands v. Kalahi Investments, Inc, GR No. 48066, January 31, 1989
Land Mgt. Bureau v. CA, GR 112567, February 7, 2000
Republic v. De Guzman, GR 105630, February 23, 2000
Pua v. CA, GR 134992, November 20, 2000
Cruz v. Sec. of DENR, GR 135385, December 6, 2000
Chavez v. PEA, GR 133250, July 9, 2002
La Bugal-BÕlaan v. Ramos, GR 127872, Dec. 1, 2004
Dipido v. Gozun Ð 485 SCRA 586
Chavez v. NHA Ð 530 SCRA 235 [2007]
Republic v. Enciso, GR No. 160145, November 11, 2005
Philippine Geothermal v. Napocor, GR No. 144302, May 27, 2004
JG Summit v. CA, GR No. 124293, January 31, 2005

Alienation
Sta. Rosa Mining v. Liedo Ð 156 SCRA 1 [1987] (mining claims)
San Miguel Corporation v. CA Ð 185 SCRA 722 [1990] (possession in the
concept of an owner)
Republic v. Bantigue Point development Corporation, GR 162322, 14 March
2012
(burden on applicant to prove land sought to be registered is alienable or
disposable on a positive act the government)

Utilization
Miners v. Factoran Ð 240 SCRA 100[1995] (jura regalia)
Tano v. Socrates Ð 278 SCRA 154 [1997] (Subsistence fisherman)
Villaflor v. CA - 280 SCRA 297 [1997] (private ownership)
Republic v. CA and PREC Ð GR 103882, [November 25, 1998] 299 SCRA 199
Republic v. Rosemoor Mining and DevÕt Corp. , GR 149927, Mar 30, 2004
Alvarez v. PICOP Ð 606 SCRA 444 [2009]
IID v. PSALM Ð 682 SCRA 602 [2012]

Section 3. Lands of the Public Domain

Director of Lands v. Aquino, 192 SCRA 296 (1990)
Republic v. CA, 160 SCRA 228 (1988)

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Apex Mining v. Southeast Mindanao Gold, Inc, GR No. 152613, June 23,
2006
Dir. of Lands v. IAC, 146 SCRA 509 (1986)
Ten Forty Realty v. Lorenzana, GR No. 151212, Sept. 10, 2003
Chavez v. PEA, GR No. 133250, July 9, 2002
Republic v. Southside, 502 SCRA 587
Republic v. T.A.N., 555 SCRA 477

Section 4. Specific Limits of Forest Lands and National Parks

La Bugal-BÕlaan Tribal Assn. v. DENR, GR127872, Jan 27, 2004, MR GR
127882, Dec. 1, 2004

Section 5. Ancestral Lands and Domain

Cruz v. Sec. of DENR, 347 SCRA 128 (2000)

Section 6. Common Good

Telecom v. COMELEC, 289 SCRA 337 (1998)

Section 7. Private Lands

Republic v. CA, 235 SCRA 567
Zaragosa v. CA, GR No. 106401, September 29, 2000
Ramirez v. Vda. De Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704 (1982)
Halili v. CA, 287 SCRA 465 (1998)
Lee v. Republic, 366 SCRA (2001)
Frenzel v. Catito, GR No. 143958, July 11, 2003
Lentfer v. Wolff Ð 441 SCRA 584 [2004]
Muller v. Muller Ð 500 SCRA 65
Mulller v. Muller, GR No. 149615, August 29, 2006
Matthews v. Taylor Spouses, GR No. 164584, June 22, 2009
Hulst v. PR Builders, GR No. 156364, September 25, 2008
Ting Ho v. Teng Ð 558 SCRA 421 [2008]
Hulst v. PR Builders Ð 566 SCRA 333[2008]
Osmena v. Osmena Ð 611 SCRA 164 [2010]
Beurmer v. Amores Ð 686 SCRA 770 [2012]

Section 8. Exception for Former Filipino Citizens

Republic v. CA, 235 SCRA 567 (1994)

Section 9. Independent Economic and Planning Agency

Section 10. Filipinization

Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, 267 SCRA 408 (1997)
Army and Navy Club v. CA, 271 SCRA 36 (1997)
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 (1997)
Republic v. CA Ð 299 SCRA 199
J.G. Summit Holdings v. CA, GR 124293, November 20, 2000

Section 11. Public Utilities

Bagatsing v. Committee, 246 SCRA 344 (1995)

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Albano v. Reyes, 175 SCRA 36 (1997)

Tatad v. Garcia, 243 SCRA 436 (1995)
Telecom v. COMELEC, 289 SCRA 337 (1998)
JG Summit Holdings v. CA, 345 SCRA 143 (2000)
Republic v. Express Telecom 373 SCRA 316
Del Mar v. Pagcor [2001]
PTC v. NTC, GR 138295, Aug. 28, 2003
Associated Communications v. NTC, GR No. 144109, February 17, 2003
Eastern Telecom v. Telecom Technologies, GR No. 135992, July 23, 2004
Royal Cargo Corp. v. CAB Ð 421 SCRA 21
Metropolitan v. Adala Ð 526 SCRA 465 [2007]
PAGCOR v. BIR, 645 SCRA 338
Francisco v. TRB Ð 633 SCRA 470 [2010]
Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Malgarito B Tebes, GR 176579, 28
June 2011.
Definition of capital refers only to share of stock entitled to vote in the election
of directors, and thus in the present case only to common share, and not the
total outstanding capital stock comprising
Express Investment v. Bayantel Ð 687 SCRA 50 [2012]

Section 12. Filipino First Policy

Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 (1997)

Section 13. Trade Policy

Espina v. Zamora, 631 SCRA 17

Section 14. Development and Practice of Professions

Section 15. Agency to Promote Cooperatives

Section 16. Corporations

NDC v. PVB, 192 SCRA 257 (1990)
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, 07 June 2011.
Section 16, Article XII should not be construed so as to prohibit Congress
from creating public corporation. In fact, Congress has enacted numerous
laws creating public corporations or government agencies or instrumentalities
vested with corporate powers. Moreover, Section 16, Article XII, which relates
to National Economy and Patrimony, could not have tied the hands of
Congress in creating public corporation to serve any of the constitutional
policies or objective.

Section 17. Temporary Take-Over

Agan v. PIATCO, 420 SCRA 575
David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, GR No. 171396, May 2006

Section 18. Nationalization

Republic v. PLDT, 26 SCRA 620 (1968)
PLDT v. NTC, 190 SCRA 717 (1990)
PLDT v. Eastern Telecom, 213 SCRA 16 (1992)

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Section 19. Monopolies and Combinations

Energy Regulatory Board v. CA, GR No. 113079, April 20, 2001
Garcia v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 132451, December 17, 1999
Tatad v. Secretary of Energy, 281 SCRA 330
Eastern Assurance v. LTFRB, GR No. 149717, Oct. 7, 2003
Avon v. Luna, GR No. 153674, December 20, 2006

Section 21. Foreign Loans

Section 22. Acts Inimical to the National Interest

Week 16

Artcile XVI. General Provisions

Section 1. Flag of the Philippines

Section 2. Name, National Anthem or a National Seal

Section 3. Immunity From Suit

Liang v. People GR 125865, January 28, 2000
Calub v. CA, GR 115634, April 27, 2000
Lansang v. CA, GR 102667 February 23, 2000
Mancenido v. CA, GR 118605, April 12, 2000
Shell v. Jalos Ð 630 SCRA 399(2010)
China National Machinery & Equipment Corp. (Group) v. Hon. Cesar D.
Santamaria,
Gr 185572, 07 February 2012, 665 SCRA 189 (2012) (Revisits and reiterates
several
Cases : GTZ v. CA, Holy See v. Rosario, DFA v. NLRC)

Foundation of the Rule: A suit against the State

Santos v. Santos - 92 PHIL. 281 (1952 Ð 1953)
Republic v. Feliciano Ð 148 SCRA 424 ) 1887
Republic of Indonesia v. Vinzons (2005)

Unincorporated Agencies
Mentran v. Paredes Ð 79 PHIL. 819 (1947 Ð 1948 )
NAC v. Teodoro Ð 91 PHIL. 203 (1952)
Mobil Philippines v. Customs Arrestre Ð 18 SCRA 1120 (1966)
Del Mar v. PVA Ð 51 SCRA 340 (1973)
CAA v. CA Ð 167 SCRA 28 (1988)
Farolan v. CTA Ð 217 SCRA 340 (1993)
PNR v. IAC Ð 217 SCRA 401 (1993)
Republic v. Nolasco Ð 457 SCRA 460 (2005)
Republic v. Unimex Ð 518 SCRA 20 (2007)
Professional Video v. TESDA Ð 591 SCRA 83 (2009)

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Government Officers
Ministero v. CFI Ð 40 SCRA 464 (1971
Syquia v. Almeda-Lopez Ð 84SCRA 312 [1978]
Festejo v. Fernando Ð 94 SCRA 54 [1979]
Aberca v. Ver Ð 160 SCRA 590 [1988]
Shauf v. CA Ð 191 SCRA 713 [1990]
Vidad v. RTC Ð 271 [1993]
Regional Director v. CA Ð 229 SCRA 557 [1994]
Africa v. PCGG/Villanueva v. Sandiganbayan Ð [January 1992]

DOH v. Phil. Pharmawealth Ð 518 SCRA 240 [2007]

Foreign Government
Baer v. Tizon Ð 57 SCRA 1 [1974]
US v. Ruiz Ð 136 SCRA 487 [1985]
Sanders v. Veridiano Ð 162 SCRA 88 [1988]
U.S v. Reyes Ð 219 SCRA 192 [1993]
The Holy See v. Rosario Ð 238 SCRA 524 [1994]
JUSMAG v. NLRC Ð 239 SCRA 224 [1994]
Larkins v. NLRC Ð 241 SCRA 598 [1995]
Minucher v. CA Ð GR 142396, Feb, 11, 2003

Consent by Law
Carabao v. Agricultural product Com. Ð 35 SCRA 224 [1970]
Arcega v. CA Ð 66 SCRA 230 [1975]
Rayo v. CFI Ð 110 SCRA 456 [1981]
Municipality of San Fernando v. Firme Ð 195 SCRA 692 [1991]
Republic v. NLRC Ð 263 SCRA 290 [1996]

Exceptional Circumstance to avoid injustice

DOH v. Canchela Ð 475 SCRA 218 [2005]

Agency Ð Propriety
United States v. Guinto Ð 182 SCRA 644 [ 1990]
Fontanilla v. Maliaman Ð 194 SCRA 486 [1991]
PRC v. CA Ð 256 SCRA 667 [1996]

Waiver
Republic v. Purisima Ð 78 SCRA 470 [1977]
Santiago v. Republic Ð 87 SCRA 294 [1978]
Traders Royal Bank v. IAC Ð 192 SCRA 305 [1990]
Republic v. Sandoval Ð 220 SCRA 124 [1993]
Delos Santos v. IAC Ð 223 SCRA 11 [1993]
DA v. NLRC Ð 227 SCRA 693 [1993]
EPG v. Sec. of DPWH Ð 354 SCRA 566 [2001]

Resulting Liability
Philrock v. Board of Liquidators Ð 180 SCRA 171 [1989]
Liang v. People Ð GR 125865 [January 28, 2000] ADB immunity)

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Republic v. Hidalgo Ð 477 SCRA 12 [2005] (writ execution)

Philippine Agila v. Lichauco Ð 489 SCRA 22 [2006]
Curato v. PPA Ð 590 SCRA 215 [2009]
U.P. v. Dizon Ð 679 SCRA 54 [2012]

Section 4. AFP

Section 5. AFP Requirement and Goals

Section 6. Police Force

Quilonia v. The General Court Martial Ð GR No. 9660, March 4, 1992
Carpio v. Executive Secretary Ð 206 SCRA 290 (1992)
Department of Budget v. ManilaÕs Finest, GR No. 169466, May 9, 2007
Mendoza v. PNP, GR No. 139658, June 21, 2005

Section 7. War Veterans

Section 8. Pensions and Benefits for Retirees

Section 9. Protection of Consumers from Trade Malpractices

Section 10. Development of Filipino Capability and Communication Structures

Section 11. Ownership and Management: Mass Media and Advertising

Section 12. Consultative Body for Indigenous Cultural Communities

Week 17

Article XVII. Amendments or Revisions

Section 1. Amendment or Revision

Imbong v. COMELEC, 35 SCRA 28 (1970)
Lambino v. COMELEC, 505 SCRA 160

Section 2. Initiative
Defensor-Santiago v. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 106 (1997); MR (1997)
Lambino v. COMELEC, 505 SCRA 160 (2006)

Section 3. Constitutional Convention

Section 4. Ratification
Gonzales v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)
Tolentino v. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 702 (1971)

Article XVIII Transitory Provisions

Sec. 1 First Election Under the New Constitution

Sec. 2 Term of First House Members and Local Officials

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Sec. 3 Status of Laws and other Legislation Passes Prior to the Constitution
Sec. 4 Status of Treaties and International Agreements
Sec. 5 Presidential Term and Synchronization
Sec. 6 President Legislative
Sec. 7 Sectorial Representation
Sec. 8 Metropolitan Authority
MMDA v. Bel-Air Village Association, GR 135962, March 27, 2000

Sec. 9 Sub-Provinces
Sec. 10-11 Security of Tenure Judges
Sec. 12-14 Cases Filed Prior to Effectivity of New Constitution
Sec. 15 Term of Carry-over Commission

Sec. 16 Career Civil Service Officers

Dario v. Mison Ð 176 SCRA 84 [1989] (reorganization)
Mendoza v. Quisumbing Ð 186 SCRA 108 [1990]
Ontiveros v. CA. G.R. No. 145401 May 7, 2001

Sec. 17-18 Readjustment of salary

Sec. 19-21 Reversion of lands and real rights illegally acquired
Sec. 22 Idle/Abandoned lands
Sec. 23 Advertising Entities
Sec. 24 Private Armies

Sec. 25 Foreign Military Bases, Troops or Facilities

Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10, 2000

Sec. 26 Sequestration Orders

Joya v. PCGG Ð 225 SCRA 568 [1993]
Republic v. Sandiganbayan Ð 221 SCRA 189 [1993] (powers of PCGG)
Cojuangco v. Roxas Ð 195 SCRA 797 [1991] (vote of sequestered shares )
Araneta v. Sandiganbayan Ð 242 SCRA 482 [1995] (investigate/prosecutory
powers)
Rumualdez v. Sandiganbayan Ð 244 SCRA 152 [1995] (authority over ill-
gotten wealth) Republic v. Sandiganbayan Ð 240 SCRA 376 [1995] judicial
action)

Section 27. Effectivity

De Leon v. Esguerra, 152 SCRA 602 (1987)
Section 26. Ill-Gotten Wealth; Sequestration/Freeze Orders
Cojuangco v. Roxas, 195 SCRA 797 (1991)

Section 27. Effectivity

De Leon v. Esquerra, 152 SCRA 602 (1987)

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