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Seminar 1 Pre-Session

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7 views

Seminar 1 Pre-Session

Uploaded by

loganjackson348
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1(a). Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, is a weak Brønsted—Lowry acid.

An acid—base equilibrium is set up when ethanoic acid is added to water.

Write the equation for the equilibrium that would be set up and label the two conjugate acid—base pairs.

[2]

(b). A student adds an excess of aqueous ethanoic acid to solid calcium carbonate.
The resulting solution is able to act as a buffer solution.

i. Write a full equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and solid calcium carbonate.

[1]

ii. Explain why this buffer solution has formed.

[1]

iii. Explain how this buffer solution controls pH when either an acid or an alkali is added.

In your answer you should explain how the equilibrium system allows the buffer solution to control the pH.

[5]

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2. This question is about acids and bases.

Nitric acid, HNO3, and nitrous acid, HNO2, are two Brønsted–Lowry acids containing nitrogen.

A student measures the pH of 0.0450 mol dm−3 solutions of HNO3 and HNO2 (pKa = 3.35) and found that the acids had different pH values.

i. Explain why the pH values are different.

[1]

ii. Calculate the pH value of 0.0450 mol dm−3 HNO3 to two decimal places.

Show your working.

pH = .......................................... [1]

iii. Calculate the pH value of 0.0450 mol dm−3 HNO2 to two decimal places.

Show your working.

pH = .......................................... [3]

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3. The dissociation of water is measured by the ionic product of water, Kw. The value of Kw varies with temperature as shown in the graph
below.

Calculate the pH of water at body temperature, 37 °C.

pH = ........................................................... [3]

2(a). A student investigates the reactions of two weak monobasic acids: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, CH3CH(OH)COOH, and butanoic
acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH.

The student wants to prepare a standard solution of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid that has a pH of 2.19.

Plan how the student could prepare 250 cm3 of this standard solution from solid 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

In your answer you should provide detail of the practical procedure that would be carried out, including appropriate quantities and
necessary calculations.

Ka for 2-hydroxypropanoic acid is 1.38 × 10–4 mol dm−3 at 25 °C.

[6]

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(b). 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid is a slightly stronger acid than butanoic acid. The two acids are mixed together and an acid–base
equilibrium is set up.

Suggest the equilibrium equation and identify the conjugate acid–base pairs.

CH3CH(OH)COOH + CH3CH2CH2COOH ⇌ ...........................................................


[2]

(c). To prepare a buffer solution, 75.0 cm3 of 0.220 mol dm−3 butanoic acid is reacted with 50.0 cm3 of 0.185 mol dm−3 sodium
hydroxide.

Ka for butanoic acid is 1.5 × 10−5 mol dm−3 at 25 °C.

i. Calculate the pH of 0.185 mol dm−3 sodium hydroxide at 25 °C.

Give your answer to two decimal places.

pH = .......................................... [2]

ii. Calculate the pH of the buffer solution at 25 °C.

Give your answer to two decimal places.

Show all your working.

pH = .......................................... [4]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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