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ACEA Oil Sequences

SERVICE FILL OILS FOR GASOLINE ENGINES, LIGHT-DUTY DIESEL ENGINES,
ENGINES WITH AFTERTREATMENT DEVICES AND HEAVY-DUTY DIESEL ENGINES

Performance you can rely on.

 ACEA Oil Sequences

This publication has been derived from the official ACEA Oil Sequences document, the latest version
of which can be found at: www.acea.auto
The accuracy of this publication is the responsibility of Infineum, the aforementioned original document
on www.acea.auto remains the sole point of reference and will be updated in case of any changes
to the ACEA Oil Sequences.
The latest sequences have been designed to address engine ACEA A7/B7 is a new category building on ACEA A5/B5. The
developments that are being driven by both regulatory and new features are protection against LSPI, a chain wear
performance needs, complemented by necessary test requirement to address wear concerns with gasoline direct
maintenance requirements. injected engines and finally an all-new turbocharger compressor
cleanliness requirement as a preventative measure.
2021 ACEA Light-duty Sequences
ACEA C6 is the corresponding reduced SAPS category, built on
The new ACEA European Oil Sequences for light-duty engines were ACEA C5, adding the same engine performance features as
issued on 30 April 2021, with first allowable use on 1 May 2021 ACEA A7/B7, but on top of it a new fuel economy test.
before they became mandatory for new claims on 1 May 2022.
Here is a summary of the key changes:
2022 ACEA Heavy-duty Sequences
The new ACEA European Oil Sequences for heavy-duty
• Removal of ACEA A3/B3 and ACEA C1
engines were issued on 1 May 2022, with first allowable use on
- These categories will no longer be maintained to make space
1 May 2022 before they become mandatory for new claims on
for the new categories
1 May 2023. Oils with ACEA 2016 HD claims can be marketed
• Introduction of ACEA A7/B7 and ACEA C6 with new lubricant until 1 May 2024.
performance requirements
Here is a summary of the key changes:
- Low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) performance
- Gasoline direct injection chain wear performance • Two new categories ACEA E8 and ACEA E11 created, to
- Diesel turbocharger compressor deposit performance replace ACEA E6 and ACEA E9 respectively, with new
- TBN by ASTM D4739 performance requirements:
- New fuel economy test for ACEA C6 - Oxidation stability (Volvo T-13) and aeration (COAT) tests
• Maintenance activities added for both ACEA E8/E11 (aligned with API CK-4 limits)
- Replacement of Sequence VG, M271Classic and TDI2 by • Replacement of the OM501LA test for piston cleanliness by:
successor tests - OM471 for both ACEA E4 and ACEA E8 (only piston
- Re-introduction of a gasoline engine valvetrain wear test cleanliness parameter, aligned with Daimler limit)
- Removal of tests coming to end of life - CAT C13 for ACEA E11 (aligned with API CK-4 limits)
- Adjustment of CEC L-112 seals test limits
- CAT 1N for ACEA E7 (aligned with API CK-4 limits)
Some of the new tests are ASTM tests ‘borrowed’ from the North
American API Engine Oil Specifications, the new fuel economy test • Adjustment of limits for the ACEA E Categories:
comes from the Japanese JASO specification and the Coordinating - Minor change to CEC L-112 seals test limits
European Council, CEC, also contributed new and replacement - Foaming Tendency limits harmonized across categories
tests. The latest ACEA sequences are truly global. - OM646Bio merit limits increased for ACEA E8 and
ACEA E11 compared with ACEA E6 and ACEA E9
The new ACEA 2021 categories
- T-12 limits for ACEA E8 aligned with ACEA E11
There are two new categories that introduce the long-awaited
low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) performance as a key feature.
Conditions for use of performance claims
against the ACEA Oil Sequences
ACEA requires that any claims for oil EELQMS addresses product development The ACEA Oil Sequences are subject to
performance to meet these Oil testing and product performance continuous development. Replacement
Sequences must be based on credible documentation, and involves the tests and other changes required by the
data and controlled tests in accredited registration of all candidate and reference European vehicle manufacturers are
test laboratories. oil testing and defines the compliance integrated and new issues are published
process. Compliance with the ATIEL Code on a regular basis. As new editions are
ACEA requires that engine performance of Practice1, which forms part of the published older editions have to be
testing used to support a claim of EELQMS, is mandatory for any claim to withdrawn. Validities of new and old
compliance with these ACEA Oil meet the requirements of this issue of editions are overlapping for limited
Sequences should be generated the ACEA Sequences. Therefore, ACEA periods of time as shown in the following
according to the European Engine requires that claims against the ACEA Oil table and the accompanying text below.
Lubricants Quality Management System, Sequences can only be made by oil When a new ACEA Oil Sequence is
EELQMS (available at www.eelqms.eu), companies or oil distributors who have introduced, oils with claims against the
but ACEA reserves the right to define signed the EELQMS oil marketers’ Letter of previous can be marketed only for
alternatives in exceptional cases. Conformance (for details: www.atiel.eu). another two years.

Sequence Oils with this claim may

issue First allowable use Mandatory for new claims be marketed until

2004 1 November 2004 1 November 2005 31 December 2009

2007 1 February 2007 1 February 2008 23 December 2010

2008 22 December 2008 22 December 2009 22 December 2012

2010 22 December 2010 22 December 2011 22 December 2014

2012 14 December 2012 14 December 2013 1 December 2018

2016 1 December 20161 1 December 2017 1 May 2023

2016 1 December 20162 1 December 2017 1 May 2024

2021 1 May 20211 1 May 2022  

2022 1 May 20222 1 May 2023

1
ACEA Light-duty Sequences (Class A/B & C), 2ACEA Heavy-duty Sequences (Class E)

First allowable use means that claims Oils with this claim may be marketed Where claims are made that oil
cannot be made against the specification until means that no further marketing of performance meets the requirements of
before the date indicated. oils with claims to this issue is allowed the ACEA Oil Sequences (e.g. product
after the date indicated. The marketer of literature, packaging, labels) they must
Mandatory for new claims means that
any oil claiming ACEA performance specify the ACEA Class and Category
from this date onward all claims for new
requirements is responsible for all (see Nomenclature & ACEA Process for
oil formulations must be made according
aspects of product liability. definitions).
to the latest ACEA Oil Sequence Issue.
Up to that date new claims can also be Where limits are shown relative to a
made according to the previous ACEA reference oil, then these must be
Oil Sequence Issue. After the date compared to the last valid Reference
indicated no new claims to the previous Result on that test stand prior to the
ACEA sequence can be made. Then all candidate and using the same hardware.
oil formulations must be developed Further details are in the ATIEL Code of
according to the latest ACEA release. Practice.

1
The ATIEL Code of Practice is the sole property of ATIEL and is available from ATIEL (Association Technique de l’Industrie Européenne des Lubrifiants),
ATIEL, Rue Belliard 40, 1040 Brussels, Belgium.
 ACEA ACEA 2021 European oil sequence for service-fill oils April 2021
for gasoline and light-duty diesel engines Rev.1

This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.

REQUIREMENT TEST METHOD PROPERTIES UNIT LIMITS

A3/B4-21 A5/B5-21 A7/B7-21
1.1 Viscosity grades Viscosity class according to No restriction except as defined by HTHS and Shear Stability
SAE J300 - Latest active issue requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific Viscosity
requirements related to ambient temperature.

1.2 Shear stability CEC L-14-93 100 °C viscosity after 30 cycles mm2/s All grades to be ‘stay in grade’
or ASTM D6278
or ASTM D7109

1.3 HTHS viscosity CEC L-36-90 Dynamic viscosity at 150 °C and shear rate mPa·s ≥ 3.5 ≥ 2.9 and ≤ 3.5
of 106 s-1

CEC L-36-90 Dynamic viscosity at 100 °C and shear rate mPa·s Report
of 106 s-1

1.4 Evaporative loss CEC L-40-93 Max. weight loss after 1 h at 250 °C % ≤ 13
(Noack)

1.5 TBN ASTM D2896 mgKOH/g ≥ 10.0 ≥ 8.0 Report

ASTM D4739 mgKOH/g Report ≥ 6.0

ASTM D5185 or
1.6 Sulphur* % m/m Report
ASTM D4951
1. LABORATORY TESTS

ASTM D5185 or
1.7 Phosphorus* % m/m Report
ASTM D4951

1.8 Sulphated ash* ASTM D874 % m/m ≥ 1.0 and ≤ 1.6 ≤ 1.6 ≤ 1.6

1.9 Chlorine ASTM D6443 ppm Report

1.10 Oil - elastomer CEC L-112-16 Max. variation of characteristics Elastomer type
compatibility after immersion for 7 days in fresh oil RE6 RE7 RE8 RE9
without pre-ageing:
- Tensile strength % Report Report Report Report
- Elongation at rupture % -70/+20 -65/+15 -51/+9 -65/+19
- Volume variation % -1.5/+1.8 -1.8/+7.7 0.0/+10.7 -1.5/+13.8

1.11 Foaming tendency ASTM D892 Tendency - stability ml Sequence I (24 °C) 10 - nil
with and without Sequence II (94 °C) 50 - nil
option A Sequence III (24 °C) 10 - nil

1.12 High temperature ASTM D6082 Tendency - stability ml Sequence IV (150 °C) 100 - nil
foaming tendency

1.13 Low-temperature CEC L-105-12 MRV mPa·s

pumpability
Yield stress Pa According to SAE J300 for fresh oil
(MRV at SAE J300 temperatures,
applicable for the fresh oil viscosity grade)

1.14 Oil oxidation CEC L-109-14 Oil oxidation at 168 h A/cm ≤ 120 ≤ 100 ≤ 100
with biodiesel (DIN 51453)
for engine oils Oil oxidation at 216 h (EOT) A/cm Report ≤ 120 ≤ 120
operating in the (DIN 51453)
presence of
biodiesel fuel Viscosity increase, relative at 168 h % ≤ 150 ≤ 60 ≤ 60
(Delta KV100)
Viscosity increase, relative at 216 h % Report ≤ 150 ≤ 150
(Delta KV100 at EOT 216 h)

*/**: Footnotes referring to the following Requirements in the A-/B- and C-Classes:
No 1.6, 1.7, 1.8 Maximum limits, values take into account method and production tolerances
 ACEA ACEA 2021 European oil sequence for service-fill oils April 2021
for gasoline and light-duty diesel engines Rev.1

This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.

REQUIREMENT TEST METHOD PROPERTIES UNIT LIMITS

A3/B4-21 A5/B5-21 A7/B7-21

2.1 Gasoline CEC L-111-16 Piston cleanliness Merit ≥ RL259
DI engine (EP6CDT)
cleanliness test* Turbo charger deposits **, Merit ≥ 6.0
average value of zones C, D, E & F

2.2 Low temperature ASTM D8256 Average engine sludge Merit ≥ 7.6
sludge* (Sequence VH, Ford) Rocker cover sludge Merit ≥ 7.7
Average piston skirt varnish Merit ≥ 7.6
Average engine varnish Merit ≥ 8.6
Compression ring (hot stuck) none
Oil screen clogging % Report

2.3 Valve train wear* ASTM D8350 Average intake lifter volume loss mm3 ≤ 3.3 ≤ 3.3 ≤ 2.7
(Sequence IVB, (8 position average)
Toyota 2NR-FE)
End of test iron Merit ≤ 400 ≤ 400 ≤ 400

2.4 Black sludge* CEC L-107-19 Engine sludge, average Merit ≥ 8.3
(M271 EVO)
2. ENGINE TESTS

2.5 Fuel economy CEC L-54-96 Fuel economy improvement % — ≥ 2.5 ≥ 2.5
(M111)

2.6 DI diesel CEC L-106-14 Absolute viscosity increase mm2/s ≤ 0.9 x RL248
oil dispersion (DV6C) at 100 °C and 5.5 % soot
at medium
temperature* Piston cleanliness ** Merit ≥ 2.5

2.7 DI diesel piston CEC L-117-20 Piston cleanliness Merit ≤ RL276-5
cleanliness & ring (VW TDI) Cylinder-spreading limit** Merit ≤ 13
sticking* No ring sticking, max for any ring** ASF 0

2.8 Turbocharger
compressor CEC L-114-19 Turbocharger rating Merit — ≥ 25
deposit (diesel) (Toyoya 1KD-FTV)

Average number — ≤5
2.9 Low-speed of events for 4
ASTM D8291 Pre-ignition events iterations
pre-ignition
(Sequence IX, Ford)
GDI turbo Number of events — ≤8
per iteration

2.10 Chain wear GDI ASTM D8279 Elongation of timing chain % — ≤ 0.085
(Sequence X, Ford)

*/**: Footnotes referring to the following requirements in the A-/B- and C-classes:
No 2.1, 2.6, 2.7 ** Parameter is not an official CEC Parameter
No 2.1 The CEC L-111-16 (EP6) lifetime is limited. If the test becomes unavailable during the lifetime of these ACEA Oil Sequences, ACEA intends to introduce a successor test on PSA hardware at a similar severity level.
No 2.2 Alternatively, Sequence VG (ASTM D6593) results meeting ACEA 2016 requirements can be used in place of Sequence VH for all categories. The Sequence VG limits for ACEA 2016 are: Average engine sludge, merits: ≥7.8;
Average rocker cover sludge, merits: ≥8.0; Average engine varnish, merits: ≥8.9; Average piston skirt varnish, merits: ≥7.5; Hot-stuck compression rings: None; Oil screen clogging, % area: ≤ 20.
No 2.3 Alternatively, Sequence IVA (ASTM D6891) data can be used for A3/B4, A5/B5, C2, C3, C4 and C5 categories at the following limit: Cam wear average: max 90 microns.
No 2.4 Alternatively to the CEC L-107-19, results of the Daimler M271 sludge test as described by Daimler AG can be used for A3/B4, A5/B5 and C2, C3, C4, C5. For this test, reference oil changed from RL140 to RL261. Results
relative to RL140 or RL261 can be used to demonstrate ACEA performance. The applicable limit with RL261 is ≥ RL261 + 1σ. The applicable limit with RL140 is ≥ RL140 + 4σ. Test results obtained by the Daimler M271 test
procedure will be accepted only under the condition that they come from test rigs being referenced and quality controlled by Daimler AG.
No 2.6 The CEC L-106-16 (DV6C) lifetime is limited. If the test becomes unavailable during the lifetime of these ACEA Oil Sequences, ACEA intends to introduce a successor test on PSA hardware at a similar severity level.
No 2.7 Alternatively, CEC L-78-99 (TDI2) results can be used as specified in the table below

CEC L-78-99 limits applicable for A3/B4 A5/B5, A7/B7 C2 C3, C4, C5,C6
Piston cleanliness Merit ≥ RL206 ≥ RL206 ≥ RL206 ≥ RL206
Ring sticking (Rings 1 & 2)
Average of all 8 rings ASF ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.2 ≤ 1.0
Max for any 1st ring ASF ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 2.5 ≤ 1.0
Max for any 2nd ring ASF 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
EoT TBN (ISO 3771) ** mgKOH/g ≥ 6.0 ≥ 4.0 Report Report
EoT TAN (ASTM D664) ** mgKOH/g Report Report Report Report
 ACEA ACEA 2021 European oil sequence for service-fill oils for April 2021
gasoline and light-duty diesel engines with after treatment devices Rev.1

This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.

REQUIREMENT TEST METHOD PROPERTIES UNIT LIMITS

C2-21 C3-21 C4-21 C5-21 C6-21

1.1 Viscosity grades Viscosity class according to No restriction except as defined by HTHS and shear
SAE J300 - Latest active issue stability requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific
viscosity requirements related to ambient temperature.

1.2 Shear stability CEC L-14-93 100 °C Viscosity after 30 cycles mm2/s All grades to be ‘stay in grade’
or ASTM D6278
or ASTM D7109

1.3 HTHS viscosity CEC L-36-90 Dynamic viscosity at 150 °C and mPa·s ≥ 2.9 ≥ 3.5 ≥ 2.6 and < 2.9
shear rate of 106 s-1

CEC L-36-90 Dynamic Viscosity at 100 °C and mPa·s Report

shear rate of 106 s-1

1.4 Evaporative loss CEC L-40-93 (Noack) Max. weight loss after 1 h at 250 °C % ≤ 13 ≤ 11 ≤ 13

1.5 TBN ASTM D2896 mgKOH/g --- ≥ 6.0 Report

ASTM D4739 mgKOH/g --- Report ≥ 4.0

ASTM D5185 or
1.6 Sulphur* % m/m ≤ 0.3 ≤ 0.2 ≤ 0.3
ASTM D4951
1. LABORATORY TESTS

1.7 Phosphorus* ASTM D5185 or

% m/m ≥ 0.07 / ≤ 0.09 ≤ 0.09 ≥ 0.07 / ≤ 0.09
ASTM D4951

1.8 Sulphated ash* ASTM D874 % m/m ≤ 0.8 ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.8

1.9 Chlorine ASTM D6443 ppm Report

1.10 Oil - elastomer Max. variation of characteristics Elastomer type

compatibility* after immersion for 7 days in fresh oil
RE6 RE7 RE8 RE9
without pre-ageing:
- Tensile strength % Report Report Report Report
- Elongation at rupture % -70/+20 -65/+15 -51/+9 -65/+19
- Volume variation % -5.5/+1.8 -1.8/+7.7 0.0/+10.7 -1.5/+13.8

1.11 Foaming ASTM D892 Tendency - stability ml Sequence I (24 °C) 10 - nil
tendency With or without Sequence II (94 °C) 50 - nil
option A Sequence III (24 °C) 10 - nil

1.12 High temperature ASTM D6082 Tendency - stability ml Sequence IV (150 °C) 100 – nil
foaming
tendency

1.13 Low temperature CEC L-105-12 MRV mPa·s According to SAE J300 for fresh oil
pumpability
Yield stress Pa
(MRV at SAE J300 temperatures,
applicable for the fresh oil viscosity grade)

1.14 Oil oxidation Oil oxidation at 168h (DIN 51453) A/cm ≤ 100 ≤ 100 ≤ 100 ≤ 100 ≤ 100
with biodiesel
for engine oils Oil oxidation at 216h (EOT) (DIN 51453) A/cm ≤ 120 ≤ 120 ≤ 120 ≤ 120 ≤ 120
operating in the CEC L-109-14
Viscosity increase, relative at 168h % ≤ 60 ≤ 60 ≤ 60 ≤ 60 ≤ 60
presence of (Delta KV100)
biodiesel fuel
Viscosity increase, relative at 216h % ≤ 150 ≤ 150 ≤ 150 ≤ 150 ≤ 150
(Delta KV100)

*/**: Footnotes referring to the following Requirements in the A-/B- and C-Classes:
No 1.6, 1.7, 1.8 Maximum limits, values take into account method and production tolerances
 ACEA ACEA 2021 European oil sequence for service-fill oils for April 2021
gasoline and light-duty diesel engines with after treatment devices Rev.1

This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.

REQUIREMENT TEST METHOD PROPERTIES UNIT LIMITS

C2-21 C3-21 C4-21 C5-21 C6-21

2.1 Gasoline DI CEC L-111-16 Piston cleanliness Merit ≥ RL259
engine (EP6CDT)
cleanliness* Turbo charger deposits **, Merit ≥ 6.0
average value of zones C, D, E & F

2.2 Low temperature ASTM D8256 Average engine sludge Merit ≥ 7.6
sludge* (Sequence VH) Rocker cover sludge Merit ≥ 7.7
Average piston skirt varnish Merit ≥ 7.6
Average engine varnish Merit ≥ 8.6
Compression ring (hot stuck) none
Oil screen clogging % Report

2.3 Valve train wear* ASTM D8350 Average intake lifter volume loss mm3
(8 position average) ≤ 3.3 ≤ 2.7
(Sequence IVB,
Toyota 2NR-FE)

End of test iron ppm ≤ 400 ≤ 400

2.4 Black sludge* CEC L-109-19 Engine sludge, average Merit ≥ 8.3
(M271 EVO)
2. ENGINE TESTS

2.5 Fuel economy CEC L-54-96 Fuel economy improvement % ≥ 2.5 ≥ 1.0 (for xW-30 only, ≥ 3.0 —
(M111) no limit for xW-40)

JASO FE M366 Fuel economy improvement % ≥ 0.0

—
(Toyota 2ZR-FXE)

2.6 DI diesel oil CEC L-106-14 Absolute viscosity increase mm²/s ≤ 0.9 x RL248
dispersion at (DV6C) at 100 °C and 5.5 % soot
medium
temperature* Piston cleanliness ** Merit ≥ 2.5

2.7 DI diesel piston CEC L-117-20 Piston cleanliness Merit ≥ RL276 - 5

cleanliness & ring (VW TDI)
sticking*
Cylinder-spreading limit ** Merit ≤ 13

No ring sticking, max for any ring ** ASF 0

2.8 Turbocharger CEC L-114-19 Turbocharger rating Merit —

compressor ≥ 25
(Toyota 1KD-FTV)
deposit (diesel)

Average number
2.9 Low-speed
of events for — ≤5
pre-ignition ASTM D8291 Pre-ignition events 4 iterations
GDI turbo (Sequence IX, Ford)
Number of events
— ≤8
per iteration

2.10 Chain wear GDI ASTM D8279

Elongation of timing chain Merit — ≤ 0.085
(Sequence X, Ford)

*/**: Footnotes referring to the following requirements in the A-/B- and C-classes:
No 2.1, 2.6, 2.7 ** Parameter is not an official CEC Parameter
No 2.1 The CEC L-111-16 (EP6) lifetime is limited. If the test becomes unavailable during the lifetime of these ACEA Oil Sequences, ACEA intends to introduce a successor test on PSA hardware at a similar severity level.
No 2.2 Alternatively, Sequence VG (ASTM D6593) results meeting ACEA 2016 requirements can be used in place of Sequence VH for all categories. The Sequence VG limits for ACEA 2016 are: Average engine sludge, merits: ≥7.8;
Average rocker cover sludge, merits: ≥8.0; Average engine varnish, merits: ≥8.9; Average piston skirt varnish, merits: ≥7.5; Hot-stuck compression rings: None; Oil screen clogging, % area: ≤ 20.
No 2.3 Alternatively, Sequence IVA (ASTM D6891) data can be used for A3/B4, A5/B5, C2, C3, C4 and C5 categories at the following limit: Cam wear average: max 90 microns.
No 2.4 Alternatively to the CEC L-107-19, results of the Daimler M271 sludge test as described by Daimler AG can be used for A3/B4, A5/B5 and C2, C3, C4, C5. For this test, reference oil changed from RL140 to RL261. Results
relative to RL140 or RL261 can be used to demonstrate ACEA performance. The applicable limit with RL261 is ≥ RL261 + 1σ. The applicable limit with RL140 is ≥ RL140 + 4σ. Test results obtained by the Daimler M271 test
procedure will be accepted only under the condition that they come from test rigs being referenced and quality controlled by Daimler AG.
No 2.6 The CEC L-106-16 (DV6C) lifetime is limited. If the test becomes unavailable during the lifetime of these ACEA Oil Sequences, ACEA intends to introduce a successor test on PSA hardware at a similar severity level.
No 2.7 Alternatively, CEC L-78-99 (TDI2) results can be used as specified in the table below

CEC L-78-99 limits applicable for A3/B4 A5/B5, A7/B7 C2 C3, C4, C5,C6
Piston cleanliness Merit ≥ RL206 ≥ RL206 ≥ RL206 ≥ RL206
Ring sticking (Rings 1 & 2)
Average of all 8 rings ASF ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.2 ≤ 1.0
Max for any 1st ring ASF ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 2.5 ≤ 1.0
Max for any 2nd ring ASF 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
EoT TBN (ISO 3771) ** mgKOH/g ≥ 6.0 ≥ 4.0 Report Report
EoT TAN (ASTM D664) ** mgKOH/g Report Report Report Report
 ACEA ACEA 2022 European oil sequence for service-fill oils May 2022
for heavy-duty diesel engines Rev. 0

This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.

REQUIREMENT TEST METHOD PROPERTIES UNIT LIMITS

E4-22 E8-22 E7-22 E11-22

1.1 Viscosity SAE J300 No restriction except as defined by shear stability and HTHS
Latest active issue requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific viscosity
requirements related to ambient temperature.

1.2 Shear stability CEC L-14-93

or
Viscosity after 30 cycles measured
ASTM D6278 mm2/s Stay in grade
at 100 °C.
or
ASTM D7109

ASTM D7109 Viscosity after 90 cycles measured

mm2/s Stay in grade
at 100 °C

1.3 HTHS viscosity CEC L-36-90 Dynamic viscosity at 150 °C mPa·s ≥ 3.5
and shear rate of 106 s-1

Dynamic viscosity at 100 °C

and shear rate of 106 s-1 mPa·s Report

1.4 Evaporative loss CEC L-40-93 (Noack) Max. weight loss after 1 h at 250 °C % ≤ 13

1.5 Sulphated ash ASTM D874 % m/m ≤ 2.0 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 2.0 ≤ 1.0

1.6 Phosphorus ASTM D5185 or D4951 % m/m ≤ 0.08 ≤ 0.12

1. LABORATORY TESTS

1.7 Sulphur ASTM D5185 or D4951 % m/m ≤ 0.3 ≤ 0.4

1.8 Chlorine ASTM D6443 % m/m Report

1.9 Oil / elastomer CEC L-112-16 Max. variation of characteristics after Elastomer type
compatibility* immersion for 7 days in fresh oil RE6 RE7 RE8 RE9
without pre-ageing
- Tensile strength % Report Report Report Report
- Elongation at break % -70/+20 -65/+15 -51/+9 -65/+19
- Volume change % -1.5/+1.8 -1.8/+7.7 0.0/+10.7 -1.5/+13.8

1.10 Foaming ASTM D892 Tendency - stability ml Sequence I (24 °C) 10 – nil
tendency without option A ml Sequence II (94 °C) 20 – nil
ml Sequence III (24 °C) 10 – nil

1.11 High temperature ASTM D6082 Tendency - stability ml Sequence IV (150 °C) 200-50
foaming
tendency

1.12 Oxidation CEC L-85-99 Oxidation induction time min. ≥ 65

(PDSC)

1.13 Corrosion ASTM D6594 Copper increase ppm Report Report ≤ 20

Lead increase ppm Report ≤ 100 ≤ 100
Copper strip rating max. Report Report 3

1.14 TBN* ASTM D2896 mg KOH/g ≥ 12 ≥7 ≥9 ≥7

1.15 Low temperature CEC L-105-12 MRV mPa·s According to SAE

pumpability Yield stress Pa J300 for fresh oil
(MRV at SAE J300 Temperatures applicable
for the fresh oil viscosity grade)

1.16 Oil oxidation with CEC L-109-14 Oxidation increase after 168 h A/cm ≤ 90 ≤ 80 ≤ 120 ≤ 90
biodiesel KV100 increase after 168 h % ≤ 130 ≤ 130 ≤ 300 ≤ 150

*/**: Footnotes referring to the following requirements:

No 1.14 For E7, values < 9.00 are not accepted.
 ACEA ACEA 2022 European oil sequence for service-fill oils May 2022
for heavy-duty diesel engines Rev. 0

This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.

REQUIREMENT TEST METHOD PROPERTIES UNIT LIMITS

E4-22 E8-22 E7-22 E11-22

2.1 Wear CEC L-99-08 Cam wear outlet μm ≤ 140 ≤ 155
(OM646LA) (avg. max. wear 8 cams)

2.2 Soot in oil* ASTM D5967 Test duration 300 h

(Mack T-8E) Relative viscosity at 4.8% soot ≤ 2.1
and 50% shear loss

2.31 Piston CEC L-118-21 Piston cleanliness (grooves and piston % ≥ 74

cleanliness* (OM471) undercrown), average

Oil consumption g/h Report

2.32 Piston ASTM D6750 Weighted demerits (WDN) Demerits ≤ 286.2

cleanliness* (CAT 1N) Top groove fill (TGF) % ≤ 20
Top land heavy carbon (TLHC) % ≤3
Oil consumption (0-252 h) g/kWh ≤ 0.54
Piston, ring, and liner scuffing None
Piston ring sticking None

2.33 Piston ASTM D7549 Merit rating Merit ≥ 1000

cleanliness* (CAT C13)
2. ENGINE TESTS

Hot stuck rings None

2.4 Soot induced ASTM D7468 Merit rating Merit ≥ 1000

wear* (Cummins ISM) Top ring mass loss mg ≤ 100
Crosshead, weight loss mg ≤ 7.5 ≤ 7.1
Oil filter diff. press at 150h kPa ≤ 55 ≤ 19
Engine sludge Merit ≥ 8.1 ≥ 8.7
Adj. screw weight loss mg ≤ 49

2.5 Wear (liner-ring- ASTM D7422 Merit Merit ≥ 1000 ≥ 1000 ≥ 1000
bearings)* (Mack T12) Cylinder liner wear (CLW) μm ≤ 24.0 ≤ 26 ≤ 24.0
Top ring weight loss (TRWL) mg ≤ 105 ≤ 117 ≤ 105
End of test lead ppm Report ≤ 42 Report
Delta lead 250-300 hrs ppm Report ≤ 18 Report
Oil consumption (Phase II) g/h Report ≤ 95 Report

2.6 Biofuel impacted CEC L-104-16 Piston cleanliness, average Merit ≥ RL255 + 6 ≥ RL255 + 4
piston cleanliness (OM646LA Bio) Ring sticking ** ASF Report Report
and engine
sludge Engine sludge, average ** Merit Report Report

2.7 Oxidation ASTM D8048 KV increase (300-360h) % ≤ 75 ≤ 75

Stability (Volvo T-13) Oxidation peak height A/cm ≤ 125 ≤ 125
Nitration peak height A/cm Report Report
Oil consumption (avg 48-192h) g/h Report Report

2.8 Aeration ASTM D8047 Aeration % ≤ 11.8 ≤ 11.8

(COAT)

*/**: Footnotes referring to the following requirements:

No 2 Unless otherwise stated, for ASTM engine tests in these ACEA HD Sequences, data meeting the requirements of API CK-4 are acceptable, including Multiple Test Evaluation Procedures (MTEP).
No 2.2 ASTM D5967 (Mack T-8E): Data meeting the requirements of API CH-4 are acceptable, including Multiple Test Evaluation Procedures (MTEP).
Mack T-11 results obtained as part of an API CI-4, CI-4 plus, CJ-4, CK-4 or FA-4 approval program, can be used in place of Mack T-8E.
No 2.31 CEC L-118-21 (OM471): Alternatively, CEC L-101-09 (OM501LA) data meeting the requirements of ACEA E4-16 can be used to support an ACEA E4 claim.
No 2.32 ASTM D6750 (CAT 1N): Alternatively, CEC L-101-09 (OM501LA) data meeting the requirements of ACEA E7-16 can be used to support an ACEA E7 claim.
No 2.33 ASTM D7549 (CAT C13): Alternatively, CEC L-101-09 (OM501LA) data meeting the requirements of ACEA E9-16 can be used to support an ACEA E11 claim.
No 2.4 ASTM D7468 (Cummins ISM): For ACEA E7, data meeting the requirements of API CI-4 are acceptable, including Multiple Test Evaluation Procedures (MTEP).
For ACEA E11, merit number shall be calculated according to the CK-4 specification.
No 2.5 ASTM D7422 (Mack T-12):
For ACEA E7 only:
Data meeting the requirements of API CI-4 are acceptable, including Multiple Test Evaluation Procedures (MTEP). Merit number shall be calculated according to the API CI-4 specification.
Mack T-10 results obtained as part of an API CI-4 or CI-4 plus approval program, can be used in place of Mack T-12.
Mack T-12 Cylinder Liner Wear and Top Ring Weight Loss results obtained as part of an API CK-4 or FA-4 approval program, which includes a passing Volvo T-13 at the API CK-4 or API FA-4 level, may be used to satisfy the
requirements of the Mack T-12 in the ACEA Oil Sequences.
No. 2.6 ** Not CEC approved parameters.
Certification and registration
Claims against the ACEA Oil Sequences can All information needed for registering in
be made on a self-certification basis. For ACEA’s registration system is available on
any claim being made, ACEA recommends ACEA’s website - https://app.acea.be/EOR.
that oil suppliers register their products with After the form is completed, it will be saved
the ACEA registration system on the ACEA on the ACEA server. If claims are no longer
website after their launch into the market. needed, oil companies are asked to delete
Registration does not replace the required their registration. If registered claims
EELQMS oil marketers’ letter of continue to be used after three years,
conformance registration in SAIL (Services re-registration is recommended.
to Associations and Industry in the
Lubricants sector) www.sail-europe.eu/.

Nomenclature and ACEA process:

Each set of ACEA Oil Sequences is The year numbers for each ACEA Oil
designated for consumer use by a two-part Sequences document are intended only
code comprising a letter to define the class for industry use and indicate the year of
(eg C), and a number to define the implementation of that severity level for
category (eg C2). the particular category. A new year
number will indicate, for example, that
In addition, for industry use, each sequence a new test, parameter or limit has been
has a two-digit number to identify the year incorporated in the category to meet new
of implementation of that severity level / upgraded performance requirements
(eg A3/B4-21). whilst remaining compatible with existing
Classes may be added in future if, for applications. An update must always
example, natural gas engines, H2 combustion satisfy the applications of the previous
engines or engines which operate with issue. If this is not the case, then a new
alternative fuels (e-fuels), prove to require category is required.
oil characteristics which cannot readily be An administrative issue number is added
incorporated into existing classes. for industry use where it is necessary to
The category indicates oils for different update the technical requirements of a
purposes or applications within that general sequence without the intention to
class, related to some aspect or aspects of increase severity (eg when a CEC test
the performance level of the oil. Typical engine is updated to the latest version
applications for each category are described whilst maintaining equivalent severity, or
in the light-duty and heavy-duty sequence where a severity shift in the test requires
documents for guidance only. Specific modification of the specified limits).
applications of each category are the Where claims are made that oil
responsibility of the individual motor performance meets the requirements of
manufacturer for their own vehicles and the ACEA Oil Sequences (eg product
engines. Oils within a category may also literature, packaging, labels), they must
meet the requirements of another category, specify the ACEA class and category (see
but some engines may only be suited to nomenclature and ACEA process for
oils of one category within a class. definitions).
Consumer language
Where limits are shown relative to a reference oil, then these must be compared to the last valid reference result on that
test stand prior to the candidate and using the same hardware. Further details are in the ATIEL Code of Practice.
Where claims are made that oil performance meets the requirements of the ACEA Oil Sequences (eg product literature,
packaging, labels) they must specify the ACEA Class and Category (see nomenclature and ACEA process for definitions).

A/B : Gasoline and diesel engine oils – ‘High SAPS’ E : Heavy Duty Diesel engine oils
A3/B3 Category withdrawn with these ACEA Oil Sequences. Stable, E4 Stable, stay-in-grade oil providing excellent control of piston
stay-in-grade engine oil intended for use in passenger car and cleanliness, wear, soot handling and lubricant stability. It is
light-duty gasoline and diesel engines, and/or for extended oil drain recommended for highly-rated diesel engines meeting Euro I, Euro II,
intervals where specified by the engine manufacturer. Euro III, Euro IV and Euro V emission requirements and running under
very severe conditions, eg significantly extended oil drain intervals
A3/B4 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil intended for use at extended oil
according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. It is suitable for
drain intervals in passenger car and light-duty gasoline and DI diesel
engines without particulate filters, for some EGR engines and some
engines, but also suitable for applications described under A3/B3.
engines fitted with SCR NOx reduction systems. However,
A5/B5 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil intended for use at extended oil recommendations may differ between engine manufacturers,
drain intervals in passenger car and light-duty gasoline and DI so driver manuals and/or dealers must be consulted if in doubt.
diesel engines designed for low-viscosity engine oils with HTHS
E8 Stable, stay-in-grade oil providing excellent control of piston
viscosity of 2.9 to 3.5 mPa·s. These engine oils are unsuitable for
cleanliness, wear, soot handling and lubricant stability. It is
use in certain engines - consult manufacturers’ owner manual/
recommended for highly-rated diesel engines meeting Euro I, Euro II,
handbook in case of doubt.
Euro III, Euro IV, Euro V and Euro VI emission requirements and
running under very severe conditions, eg significantly extended oil
A7/B7 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil intended for use at extended oil drain
drain intervals according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
intervals in passenger car and light-duty gasoline and DI diesel
It is suitable for EGR engines, with or without particulate filters, and
engines designed for low viscosity engine oils with HTHS viscosity of
for engines fitted with SCR NOx reduction systems. E8 quality is
2.9 to 3.5 mPa·s. Relative to A5/B5, these engine oils provide also
strongly recommended for engines fitted with particulate filters and is
low-speed pre-ignition and wear protection for turbocharged gasoline
designed for use in combination with low-sulphur diesel fuel. However,
DI engines, as well as turbocharger compressor deposit (TCCD)
recommendations may differ between engine manufacturers, so driver
protection for modern DI diesel engines. These engine oils are
manuals and/or dealers must be consulted if in doubt.
unsuitable for use in certain engines – consult manufacturers’ owner
manual/handbook in case of doubt. E7 Stable, stay-in-grade oil providing effective control with respect to
piston cleanliness and bore polishing. It further provides excellent
C: Catalyst and GPF/DPF compatible engine oils for wear control, soot handling and lubricant stability. It is recommended
gasoline and diesel engines – ‘Low SAPS’ for highly-rated diesel engines meeting Euro I, Euro II, Euro III, Euro
IV and Euro V emission requirements and running under severe
Note: These oils will increase the DPF/GPF and TWC life
conditions, eg extended oil drain intervals according to the
and maintain the vehicle’s fuel economy.
manufacturer’s recommendations. It is suitable for engines without
Warning:   ome of these categories may be unsuitable for use
S particulate filters, and for most EGR engines and most engines fitted
in certain engine types – consult the manufacturer’s with SCR NOx reduction systems. However, recommendations may
owner manual/handbook in case of doubt. differ between engine manufacturers, so driver manuals and/or
C1 Category is withdrawn with these ACEA Oil Sequences. dealers must be consulted if in doubt.
C2 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil with mid-SAPS level, for E11 Stable, stay-in-grade oil providing effective control with respect to
aftertreatment system compatibility. Intended for use at extended piston cleanliness and bore polishing. It further provides excellent
oil drain intervals in passenger car and light-duty gasoline, and DI wear control, soot handling and lubricant stability. It is recommended
diesel engines designed for low-viscosity engine oils with a for highly rated diesel engines meeting Euro I, Euro II, Euro III, Euro
minimum HTHS viscosity of 2.9 mPa·s. IV, Euro V and Euro VI emission requirements and running under
C3 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil with mid-SAPS level, for severe conditions, eg extended oil drain intervals according to the
aftertreatment system compatibility. Intended for use at extended manufacturer’s recommendations. It is suitable for engines with or
oil drain intervals in passenger car and light-duty gasoline, and DI without particulate filters, and for most EGR engines and for most
diesel engines designed for engine oils with HTHS viscosity of engines fitted with SCR NOx reduction systems. E11 is strongly
minimum 3.5 mPa·s. recommended for engines fitted with particulate filters and is
C4 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil with low-SAPS level, for designed for use in combination with low-sulphur diesel fuel.
aftertreatment system compatibility. Intended for use at extended However, recommendations may differ between engine
oil drain intervals in passenger car and light-duty gasoline, and DI manufacturers so driver manuals and/or dealers should be
diesel engines designed for engine oils with HTHS viscosity of consulted if in doubt.
minimum 3.5 mPa·s.
SAPS: Sulphated Ash, Phosphorus, Sulphur
C5 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil for improved fuel economy, with
mid-SAPS level, for aftertreatment system compatibility. Intended for HTHS: High Temperature High Shear Viscosity
use at extended oil drain intervals in passenger car and light-duty
DI: Direct Injection
gasoline, and DI diesel engines designed and OEM-approved for
engine oils with HTHS viscosity of minimum 2.6 mPa·s. DPF: Diesel Particle Filter
C6 Stable, stay-in-grade engine oil for improved fuel economy, with GPF: Gasoline Particle Filter
mid-SAPS level, for aftertreatment system compatibility. Intended
for use at extended oil drain intervals in passenger car and TWC: Three-Way Catalyst
light-duty gasoline, and DI diesel engines designed and OEM-
approved for engine oils with HTHS viscosity of minimum 2.6
mPa·s. Relative to C5 these engine oils also provide low speed
pre-ignition and wear protection for turbocharged gasoline DI
engines as well as turbocharger compressor deposit (TCCD)
protection for modern DI diesel engines.
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