PRACTICE 2.

8 C5
PART I. LISTENING
Section 1. Listen and complete the notes below. WRITE NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/
OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your answers in the space provided.

TOTAL INSURANCE INCIDENT REPORT

Example Answer

Name Michael Alexander

Address 24 Manly Street 1. ___________

Shipping agent 2. ___________

Place of origin China

Date of arrival 3. ___________

Reference number 4. ___________

Item Damage Cost to repair or replace

Television 5. ___________ needs to be Not known

replaced

The bathroom cabinet The 6. ___________ of the $140.

cabinets is damaged

7. ___________ A leg is split 8. ___________

Set of China 9. ___________ were broken About 10. ___________

Section 2. Listen and write ONLY ONE WORD OR A NUMBER from the dialogue to answer for each
question
1. How many days did the scientists spend under the waves?
_________________________________________________
2. What answer did Rob choose?
________________________________________________
3. What's the name of the laboratory?
_________________________________________________
4. Where's the laboratory situated?
_________________________________________________
5. What is the world record, in minutes, for holding breath underwater?
_________________________________________________
 Section 3. You will hear a dialogue between two friends. Listen and decide the statements are True
(T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes
T for a statement which is true;
F for a statement which is false
? if there is insufficient information
____ 1. Now some people still take a risk when the police officer is away on Newland Street.
____ 2. The police officer there doesn’t get any pay for the work.
____ 3. Officer Springirth is a real man and he is a volunteer there.
____ 4. Officer Springirth helps the police to reduce the crime rate in Chase Village.
____ 5. The police department will put more mannequins on other roads

Section 4. You will hear an interview with Angela Morgan, who has recently flown around the
world in a helicopter. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear.
Write your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes.
1. The main reason for Angela’s trip was to ______ .
A. make money for her business B. make money for other people
C. have an exciting adventure D. go on a picnic
2. When Angela had flying lessons ______ .
A. her course lasted five months B. her husband took lessons as well
C. she got to know her teacher well D. she didn’t arrive in time
3. During the trip, Angela and her teacher ______ .
A. did very little sightseeing B. carried all the water they needed
C. had engine problems several times D. stopped going camping
4. What did Angela enjoy most about the trip?
A. flying at night B. walking in the desert
C. watching the changes in the scenery D. taking photos
5. What did Angela miss most while she was away?
A. modern bathrooms B. regular exercise
C. interesting entertainment D. going out to restaurants

PART II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR

Section 1. Choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) to each of the following questions and write your
answers in the correspondent numbered boxes provided.
1. As the maestro lifted his baton the theater was so still you could hear _________.
A. his heartbeat B. a pin drop C. bird wings D. the drum beating
2. _________ in the Middle East, oil became known as black gold because of the large profit it brought.
A. That when discovered C. Discovering
B. Discovered D. Which was discovered
3. I read the contract again and again _________ avoiding making spelling mistakes.
A. in terms of B. by means of C. with a view to D. in view of
4. "If you want to ask me, just ask; don't beat _________ the bush."
A. around B. for C. round D. towards
5. One of the professor’s greatest attributes is _________
A. when he gives lectures C. the way which give lectures
B. how in the manner that he lectures D. his ability to lecture
6. “Did Jane pass her exam?”
“Yes, but only just. It was _________. The pass mark was forty – five percent and she got forty – six”.
A. a narrow escape B. a tight spot C. a clear cut D. a close thing
7. He escaped by _________
A. a hair’s breadth C. the breadth of a hair
B. the hair’s breadth D. a breadth of a hair
8. The manager told his assistant to _________ the mistake immediately.
A. rectify B. maltreat C. sanction D. banish
9. I always get _________ in my stomach before visiting the dentist.
A. worms B. butterflies C. crabs D. hedgehogs
10. When the funds finally _________, they had to abandon the scheme.
A. faded away B. clamped down C. petered out D. fobbed off
11. It is a federal law _________ vaccinated before entering the first grade.
A. for children be C. that children be
B. that children will be D. requires children to be

Section 3. There are five mistakes in the passage below. Find the mistakes and correct them. Write
your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes. (5 pts)
A newspaper makes its money from the price people pay for it and also from the
advertisings=>ADVERTISING it carries. A popular newspaper with a circulation of over five million daily
makes a lot of money. Less seriously newspapers are probably read just for entertainment. They have big
headings=> HEADLINES above new stories, funny cartoons to look at and sensational photos of violent.=>
VIOLENCE The gossip columns are full of stories of private lives of famous people. No one takes the
political views of such papers seriously. On the other hand, in a free country where there is no censorship,
serious papers are read principle=> PRINCIPALLY for their news, sent to them by their correspondents round
the world and by the big news agencies. People also read these papers for their revisions=> REVIEWS of new
books, films and plays and for their editorials that represent the opinion of the newspaper itself about the
important events and issues of the moment.

PART III. READING COMPREHENSION

 Section 1. For questions 1 – 10, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
each space. Write your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes provided.
Around 200 million people are (1) _______ in tourism worldwide, making it the largest industry in the
modern global economy. It is estimated that three-quarters of a billion people go on holiday each year, and
industry planners (2) _______ this figure to double by 2020. Some of the biggest beneficiaries are less
developed countries, where it is often their main (3) _______ of income.
(4) _______, along with the economic benefits, this mass movement of people has resulted in threats to
the environment. People often forget the damage caused by carbon emissions from aircraft, which (5)
_______ directly to global warming. Deforestation has cleared (6) _______ in order to build hotels, airports
and roads, and this has destroyed wildlife. In some areas, water shortages are now common because of the
need to fill swimming pools and water golf courses for tourists. By pushing up prices for goods and services,
tourism can also be harmful to people living in tourist destinations.
In response to these (7) _______, some travel operators now offer environment-friendly holidays.
Many of these aim to reduce the negative effects of tourism by (8)_______ only hotels that have (9) _______
in equipment to recycle waste and use energy and water efficiently. Increasingly, tourists are also being
reminded to show (10) _______ for customs of the people whose countries they are going to visit, and to
support local businesses, such as restaurants and shops which depend on tourism for their main income.
1. A. put out B. brought round C. taken on D. turned out

2. A. hope B. believe C. expect D. think

3. A. source B. resource C. origin D. wealth

4. A. Therefore B. Although C. Furthermore D. However

5. A. cause B. contribute C. add D. distribute

6. A. place B. land C. space D. earth

7. A. concerns B. attractions C. business D. oppositions

8. A. supporting B. executing C. expanding D. promoting

9. A. chosen B. bought C. invested D. installed

10. A. admiration B. respect C. understanding D. attention

Section 2. For questions 1 - 10, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word
and write your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes provided.
WHERE HAVE ALL THE GOOD CARTOONS GONE?
Childhood will never be the same again. Remember Saturday mornings spent lounging on the sofa,
hour (1)_AFTER__ hour, watching your favourite cartoons? (2) COULD___ there have been a better reward
for the long school week that had had to be endured? Bugs Bunny, Donald Duck, Mickey Mouse brought
virtually live into (3)_OUR__ living rooms. Back then, they were in black and white, and back then, they
were meant to amuse, to entertain.
It seems this has changed – and definitely (4)_FOR_______ the worse. Now when you turn on the
television on a Saturday or Sunday morning, you do (5)_SO_______ at your own risk! Be prepared to
confront violence in all its animated glory: exploding bombs, falling buildings, blazing weapons, and bad guy
after bad guy. I don’t see (6)__WHAT______ is funny about this warped vision of our times and our society.
Nor do I see what’s worth watching on these programmes with (7)_SUCH______ gruesome caricatures of
good and evil. Who is responsible for children’s programming these days?
It cannot be good for today’s youth to be exposed (8)_TO___ this type of entertainment. (9)AT_ best,
they are missing out on the humour, sensitivity and moral lessons that were to be had from the cartoons of old.
At worst, their childish brains are (10)__BEING______ filled with scenes of non-stop violence and ideas that
are morally corrupt. Childhood should be a time of innocence, short-lived as it may be in these turbulent times
in which we live. Perhaps we should bear this in mind the next time we see our child glued to the TV on a
Saturday morning.

Section 3. For questions 1 - 10, read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or
D) according to the text. Write your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes provided.
THE BODY CLOCK
Why is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London
from New York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up with technology. Deep
inside the brain there is a “clock” that governs every aspect of the body’s functioning(1): sleep and wake
cycles, levels of alertness, performance, mood, hormone levels, digestion, body temperature and so on. It
regulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called the circadian clock (from the Latin, circa
“about” + dies “day”).
This body clock programmes us to be sleepy twice a day, between 3-5 a.m and again between 3-5 p.m.
Afternoon tea and siesta times are all cultural responses to our natural biological sleepiness in the afternoon.
One of the major causes of the travelers’ malady known as jet lag is the nonalignment of a person’s
internal body clock with clocks in the external world. Crossing different time zones confuses the circadian
clock, which then has to adjust to the new time and patterns of light and activity.(5) To make matters more
complex, not all internal body functions adjust at the same rate. So your sleep/wake may adjust to a new time
zone at one rate, while your temperature adjusts at a different pace. Your digestion may be on a different
schedule altogether.
Though we live in a 24-hour day, the natural tendency of the body clock is to extend our day beyond
24 hours. It is contrary to our biological programming to shrink our day. That is why travelling in a westward
direction is more body-clock friendly than flying east. NASA studies of long haul pilots showed that
westward travel was associated with significantly better sleep quantity and quality than eastward flights.
 When flying west, you are “extending” your day, thus travelling in the natural direction of your
internal clock. Flying eastward will involve “shrinking” or reducing your day and is in direct opposition to
your internal clock’s natural tendency.
One of the more common complaints of travelers is that their sleep becomes disrupted. There are many
reasons for this: Changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when
your body clock is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal circadian clock and working longer
hours.(8)
Sleep loss, jet lag and fatigue can seriously affect our ability to function well. Judgment and decision-
making can be reduced by 50%, attention by 75 percent, memory by 20 percent and communication by 30
percent.
It is often suggested that you adjust your watch as soon as you board(7) a plane, supposedly to try to
help you adjust to your destination’s schedule as soon as you arrive. But it can take the body clock several
days to several weeks to fully adjust to a new time zone.
1. The main function of the body clock is to________
A. help us sleep. B. help us adapt to a 24-hour cycle.
C. regulate the body’s functions. D. govern all the body’s responses.
2. The word “It” refers to________
A. the programme B. the body clock C. the function D. the brain
3. Jet lag________
A. makes our body clock operate badly B. causes our body clock to change
C. extends the hours of our body clock D. upsets our body’s rhythms
4. The word “malady” is closest in meaning to________
A. feeling B. bore C. illness D. thought
5. The direction you fly in________
A. extends or shrinks your body clock B. alters your body’s natural rhythms
C. helps you sleep better D. affects the degree of jet lag
6. According to the article________
A. jet lag can affect different abilities differently.
B. flying seriously affects your judgment and decision-making.
C. travelers complain about the negative effects of flying.
D. various factors stop us sleeping when we fly.
7. On the subject of avoiding jet lag the article________
A. suggests changing the time on your watch. B. proposes gradually adjusting your body clock.
C. says there is nothing you can do. D. makes no suggestions.
8. According to the author, which of the following reasons disrupt travelers’ sleep?
A. Travelers try to sleep between 3-5 p.m.
B. Travelers’ attention is reduced by 75 percent.
C. Travelers fly in the natural direction of their internal clock.
 D. The traveler’s internal circadian clock has to adjust to patterns of light and activity.
9. It can be inferred from the passage that________
A. there are more travelers in westward flights than in eastward ones.
B. westward travelers become friendlier than eastward ones.
C. travelers have to spend more money flying westward than eastward.
D. travelers do not sleep as well in eastward flights as in westward ones.
10. The word “fatigue” is closest in meaning to________
A. exhaustion B. obsession C. frustration D. sleeplessness

Section 4. The reading has fine paragraphs A-E. For questions 1-5, choose the correct heading for
paragraphs A, B, C, D and E from the list of the headings below. Write your answers in answer box below.

List of headings
i Examples of Major Avalanches
ii Stability of the Snowpack
iii What Sets Off an Avalanche?
iv An Expert’s Comments
v Steepness of Mountains
vi Avalanche Peril
vii An Avalanche Risk Table
viii Types of Avalanche

1. Paragraph A ___VI_______
2. Paragraph B ___VIII_______
3. Paragraph C ____II______
4. Paragraph D ____VII______
5. Paragraph E _____III_____

TERROR IN THE MOUNTAINS

A. What is incredibly beautiful yet absolutely terrifying and deadly at the same time? For anyone
above the snowline in the mountains, there is little doubt about the answer. Avalanche – the word strikes fear
into the heart of any avid skier or climber. For those unfortunate enough to be caught up in one, there is
virtually no warning or time to get out of danger and even less chance of being found. The ‘destroyer’ of the
mountains, avalanches can uproot trees, crush whole buildings, and bury people metres deep under solidified
snow. Around the world, as more and more people head to the mountains in winter, there are hundreds of
avalanche fatalities every year.
B. A snow avalanche is a sudden and extremely fast-moving ‘river’ of snow which races down a
mountainside (there can also be avalanches of rocks, boulders, mud, or sand). There are four main kinds.
Loose snow avalanches, or sluffs, form on very steep slopes. These usually have a ‘teardrop’ shape, starting
from a point and widening as they collect more snow on the way down. Slab avalanches, which are
responsible for about 90% of avalanche-related deaths, occur when a stiff layer of snow fractures or breaks off
and slides downhill at incredible speed. This layer may be hundreds of metres wide and several metres thick.
As it tends to compact and set like concrete once it stops, it is extremely dangerous for anyone buried in the
flow. The third type is an isothermal avalanche, which results from heavy rain leading to the snowpack
becoming saturated with water. In the fourth type, air mixes in with loose snow as the avalanche slides,
creating a powder cloud. These powder snow avalanches can be the largest of all, moving at over 300kmh,
with 10,000,000 or more tons of snow. They can flow along a valley floor and even a short distance uphill on
the other side.
C. Three factors are necessary for an avalanche to form. The first relates to the condition of the
snowpack. Temperature, humidity, and sudden changes in weather conditions all affect the shape and
condition of snow crystals in the snowpack which, in turn, influences the stability of the snowpack. In some
cases, weather causes an improvement in avalanche conditions. For example, low temperature variation in the
snowpack and consistent below-freezing temperatures enable the crystals to compress tightly. On the other
hand, if the snow surface melts and refreezes, this can create an icy or unstable layer.
D. The second vital factor is the degree of slope of the mountain. If this is below 25 degrees, there is
little danger of an avalanche. Slopes that are steeper than 60 degrees are also unlikely to set off a major
avalanche as they ‘sluff’ the snow constantly, in a cascade of loose powdery snow which causes minimal
danger or damage. This means that slabs of ice or weaknesses in the snowpack have little chance to develop.
Thus, the danger zone covers the 25- to 60-degree range of slopes, with most avalanches being slab
avalanches that begin on slopes of 35 to 45 degrees.
E. Finally, there is the movement or event that triggers the avalanche. In the case of slab avalanches,
this can be a natural trigger, such as a sudden weather change, a falling tree or a collapsing ice or snow
overhang. However, in most fatal avalanches, it is people who create the trigger by moving through an
avalanche-prone area. Snowmobiles are especially dangerous. On the other hand, contrary to common belief,
shouting is not a big enough vibration to set off a landslide.

For questions 6–10, complete the table below. Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the
reading passage for each answer. Write your answers in the spaces provided. (10 pts)

Type of avalanche Characteristics

Loose snow avalanches also known as sluffs; steep slopes;

(6)_TEARDROP____ shape; minor risk
Slab avalanches thick layer of snow breaks off; set very hard
once they stop; cause about 90% of
(7)_AVALANCHE-RELATED DEATH__
Isothermal avalanches caused by weight of (8)_WATER__ mixed in
 with the snow
Powder snow avalanches develop a cloud of loose snow mixed with air;
(9)___THE LARGEST_______ of all types of
avalanche; more fast and cover a huge distance,
even travelling (10)__UPHILL________

Section 5: Read the following article which contains notes on four writers. For questions 1-10,
choose from four writers (A-D). The writers may be chosen more than once.
A. William Shakespeare
Shakespeare was the greatest dramatist the English speaking world has ever seen. He was born in 1564
to a rural family in Stratford-upon-Avon, in England. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, Sometime
between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part-owner of a
playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. At age 49 around 1613,
he appears to have retired to Stratford, where he died three years later. Shakespeare produced most of his
known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories. He then wrote
mainly tragedies (plays with unhappy ending) until about 1608, including Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and
Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote
tragicomedies, also known as romances and collaborated with other playwrights
B. Robert Frost
Robert Lee Frost was an American poet. His work was initially published in England before it was
published in America. He is highly regarded for his realistic presentations of the rural life in America and his
command of American colloquial speech. One of the most popular American poets of the twentieth century,
Frost was honoured frequently during his lifetime, receiving four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry On July 22, 1961,
Frost was named poet laureate of Vermont. He was a poet of nature, but nature in the season of autumn. ‘The
Road not taken’ and ‘Stopping by woods on a snowy Evening’ are two of his most celebrated poems.
C. Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore was an Indian poet of twentieth century, most known for his poem ‘Gitanjali”.
Tagore was born in the state of Bengal in the year 1861. He was a master in various forms of literature and
wrote poems, songs, stories, drama and novels. His works are known for their humanistic themes. He was a
fine lyricist with appealing rhythm. He was the first Asian who was awarded the Nobel prize when he got it
for literature in the year 1913. He is the poet who wrote India’s national anthem. Tagore founded Santhi
Niketan, which became one of the most famous experiment in student-friendly teaching system.
D. Orhan Pamuk
Orhan Pamuk is a Turkish novelist, screen writer and scholar who won the Nobel Prize for literature in
the year 2006. He was born in Istanbul in 1952. One of Turkey's most prominent novelists, his work has sold
over thirteen million books in sixty-three languages, making him the country's best-selling writer. His famous
works include The White Castle, The Black Book, The New Life, My Name Is Red, Snow, The Museum of
Innocence, and A Strangeness in My Mind. He is teaching in Columbia University, U.S.A.
The questions below are about the writers (A–D). For each question write the correct letter A, B, C or D on
the line.
Which writer:
1. presented village life in his /her poems? ____B____
2. got married at the age of eighteen? ___A_____
3. is known as the author of best-selling novels? ___D_______
4. wrote on nature as in autumn season? ___B_____
5. was a master of a variety of literary forms? ___C_______
6. is an academic working in a university? ___D_____
7. won the first Nobel prize for Asia? ____C_____
8. wrote famous tragedies? ___A_____
9. was awarded the honour ‘poet laureate’? ____B____
10. led a theatre group named ‘King’s men’? ___A_____

PART IV. WRITING

Rewrite the following sentences with the given word. The given words can’t be changed. (10
points)
1. Being her only niece, Ann is very precious to her. (APPLE)
Being her only niece____________________________________________.
2. The new musical has delighted theatre audiences throughout the country. (STORM)
The new musical has taken ____________________________________
3. The villagers prepared themselves to withstand the coming storm. (BRACED)
The villagers______________________________________________________.
4. She told Arthur exactly what she thought of what he had done. ( TICKING -OFF)
She________________________________________________________________
5. Graham took back his words on noticing there were fresh strawberries on the menu.
(TUNE)
Graham sang _________________________________________________________.