Chương 9: So …that & such …that.

A. Lý thuyết.
I. So …that : (quá …đến nỗi)
S + V + so + Adj / Adv + that + S + V + O.
VD: She speaks English so quickly that we can not understand her.
- Cách nối câu dùng so...that
+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very,quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu có a lot of ,lots of thì phải đổi thành much,many
+ Sau that viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề
ex: 1/ He is very strong .He can lift the box. -> He is so strong that he can lift the box.
2/ He ate a lot of food. He became ill. -> He ate so much food that he became ill.
3/ He bought lots of books .He didn't know where to put them.
->He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.
*note: muốn diễn tả ý nghĩa” quá nhiều … Đến nỗi” ta dùng:
So many + danh từ đếm được, số nhiều + that – clause
So much + danh từ không đếm được,số ít + that – clause
*eg: He was so many books that he can’t read all of them.
There was so much noise that I couldn’t sleep.

II/ Such …that : quá … đến nỗi.

- Cũng bắt đầu cho một mệnh đề phụ chỉ kết quả. Tuy nhiên Such …that được dùng với
một danh từ thường có tính từ bổ nghĩa đứng trước.
It + be + such + a/an + Adj + N + that + S + V + O
They + be + such + Adj + Ns + that + S + V + O.

Cách nối câu dùng such..that

+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng (a/an)
+ Nếu sau adj không có danh từ thì lấy danh từ ở đầu câu vào rồi thế đại từ vào chủ từ .
ex: 1/ He is a very lazy boy. No one likes him. ->He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
2/ The coffee is too hot .I can't drink it.
Sau chữ hot không có danh từ nên phải đem coffee vào, coffee không đếm được nên không
dùng a/an.
->It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it.
3/ Her voice is very soft .Everyone likes her. ->She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
4/The books are very interesting .t we want to look at them again.
àThey are such interesting books that we want to look at them again.
B.Bài tập.
Kết hợp mỗi cặp câu sau, dùng “ so …that” hoặc “ such …that”
1.My friend is too sick. He can’t go to school.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.The food was very good. We finished it up just a few minutes.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. New York was a very big city. Jane was lost in it.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.My neighbours are very bad persons. They made noise all day.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. She bought too many things. She couldn’t bring them home at a time.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.She is quite poor. She can’t buy bicycle.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. He gave us very good advice. All of us are thankful to him.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.There is too much furniture in the room. We don’t have enough space for the meeting.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
9.Lan was very busy. She couldn’t go to the movies with us.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Mr Green drank too much wine. He got sick.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. his conduct was very good. all his teachers love him
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Lan’s voice is very beautiful .we like to hear her sing
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. Nam is still weak . he can’t walk without a stick
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. My father’ health is good . he seldom takes any medicine
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
15. There is a lot of noise . we can’t learn our lessons
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. My friend is very strong . he can lift up a table himself
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
17. Bill is an intelligent boy . he is always at the top of the class
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
18. The students behaved badly . the teacher was absent from class
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
19. Mr Hai had a lot of children. they formed their own football team
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
20. This home work is difficult . I never finish it
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

HOMEWORK
Combine the sentences by using so…that or such….that:
1. This tea is good. I think I’ll have another cup.
………………………………………………………………………………….
2. It was an expensive car. We couldn’t afford to buy it.
………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The car was very expensive. We couldn’t afford to buy it.
………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Tommy ate too much candy. He got a stomachache.
………………………………………………………………………………….
5. The food was too hot. It burned my tongue.
………………………………………………………………………………….
6. She made many mistakes. She failed the exam.
………………………………………………………………………………….
7.It was a good book. I couldn’t put it down.
………………………………………………………………………………….
8. He walked very quickly. We couldn’t keep up with him.
………………………………………………………………………………….
9.It was nice weather. We went to the zoo.
………………………………………………………………………………….
10.The test was very easy. Everyone got a high score.
………………………………………………………………………………….
11. The sun shines very brightly .Mai had to put on her sunglasses
………………………………………………………………………………….
12.Nam was a powerful swimmer . he always won the race
………………………………………………………………………………….
13. There were a lot of students registered . the class was cancelled
………………………………………………………………………………….
14. The house was very beautiful . I took a picture of it
………………………………………………………………………………….
15. This film is very good . I want to see it again and again
………………………………………………………………………………….

Chương 10.“ Too …..to” or “enough to”

A.Lý thuyết.
I.Too ….to : quá …không thể.
- Được dùng để chỉ một nguyên nhân đưa tới một kết quả phủ định.

*form: S+V/TOBE+ Too + adj/adv + to –inf (chủ ngữ 2 câu cùng 1 người)
*eg: He is very young .he can’t go to school.--> he is too young to go school.

- khi chủ ngữ 2 câu là 2 người khác nhau, ta dùng cấu trúc sau:
*form: Too + adj/adv + for + somebody + to –inf

*eg : The questions are difficult. We can’t answer it.

àThe questions are too difficult for us to answer.
3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG TOO...TO
Cũng giống như enough, too...to có các nguyên tắc sau
-1)Nguyên tắc thứ nhất :
Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có :,so ,very , quite ,extremely... thì phải bỏ.
- 2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai:
Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb
3) Nguyên tắc thứ ba:
Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau
ex:He is so weak .He can't run. -> He is too weak to run.
The coffee was very hot .I couldn’t drink it. -> The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
( Bỏ it vì it cũng đồng nghĩa với coffee )

II.Enough to …: đủ …để có thể.

Enough có hai công thức cơ bản :
1) S+ V/tobe+ adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf
(nếu 2 chủ ngữ khác nhau thì ta dùng for sb)
ex: he is strong.he can lift the box.--> he is strong enough to lift the box.
strong là tính từ nên đứng trước enough

2) S+V/tobe+ enough + N (for sb ) to inf

Các bạn lưu ý sự khác nhau giữa 2 công thức này là : tính từ ,trạng từ thì đứng trước enough
còn danh từ thì đứng sau enough
ex: I don't have enough money to buy a car.(tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi)
Money là danh từ nên đứng sau enough

3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG ENOUGH:

1)Nguyên tắc thứ nhất:
Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có : too, so, very, quite ,extremely... Trước danh từ có many, much,
a lot of, lots of thì phải bỏ.
ex: He is very intelligent.He can do it. ->He is very intelligent enough to do it (sai)
->He is intelligent enough to do it.(đúng)
He has a lot of money .He can buy a car.
->He has enough a lot of money to buy a car.(sai)
->He has enough money to buy a car.(đúng)
2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai:
Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb
ex: Tom is strong. He can lift the box.
->Tom is strong enough for him to lift the box.(sai)
->Tom is strong enough to lift the box.(đúng)
The weather is fine. Mary and her little brother can go to school.
->The weather is fine enough to go to school.(sai)
->The weather is fine enough for Mary and her little brother to go to school.(đúng)
3)Nguyên tắc thứ ba:
Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau
ex: The water is quite warm .I can drink it.
->The water is warm enough for me to drink it.(sai)
->The water is warm enough for me to drink .(đúng)

Lưu ý: dùng cấu trúc TOO…..TO khi 1 vế là câu khẳng định,vế còn lại là phủ định

B.Bài tập.
I/ Combine each sentences into a new one,using “too + adj + to.V”:
1. The children were very late.They couldn’t see the display of fireworks.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Your brother is very young.He can’t go swimming.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. He was very old. He couldn’t ride the bumper car.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Mary was tired.She didn’t go on with the work.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I am very anxious.I can’t wait for you any longer.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. He is very proud.He cannot do that.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. That piece of wood is very hard.It cannot be broken.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. She is very eager.She cannot wait for you.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. The tooth is very decayed.It can’t be kept.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. The girl is very sick.She can’t do the work herself.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. This boy is very sleepy.He cannot enjoy the display of fireworks.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. The fruit is very green.It can’t be eaten.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. Those bananas are very ripe.They can’t be kept for a long time
………………………………………………………………………………………..
14. She is very old.She can’t work hard.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
15. They are too old.They can’t enjoy it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
II/ Combine each sentences into a new one,using “too + adj + for + pro/noun + to.V”:
1. The sound is very low.We can’t hear it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. This book is very difficult.I can’t read it
………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. This table is very heavy.He couldn’t move it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. The programme is very long.They can’t broadcast it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. This soup is very hot.I can’t eat it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
Ex: he can’t open the door. It’s very big.--> the door is too big for him to open.
. 1.The child can’t drink this milk. It’s too hot.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.We can’t lift this weight. It’s too heavy.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. They can’t push the piano through that door, it’s too narrow.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4.You can’t hang the picture on that wall. It’s too small.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5. She can’t watch this programme. It’s too boring.
…………………………………………………………………………………

III/ Combine each sentences into a new one,using “adj + enough + to.v”:
1. She is old. She can work by herself.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. The boy is intelligent.He can understand you.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Mai is good. She can pass the examination
………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. The girl is not clever. She cannot mend this shirt.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. This machine is not powerful. It cannot plough the hard soil.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Your sister was clever. She could do this exercise in a few minutes.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. Peter is very ill. He must see the doctor.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Mary is not old. She cannot do that work.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. We were not early. We could not see the first part of the play.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. The children were very eager. They started playing without me.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. He is tall.He can play volleyball.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. My sister is old.She can drive a car.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. She is beautiful and intelligent.She can become Miss World.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
14. Mr Robinson isn’t rich.He can’t buy a house.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
 15. The worker is clever.He can make fine things from wood.
………………………………………………………………………………………..

IV/ Combine each sentences into a new one,using “adj + enough + for + n/pro + to.v”:
1. The story is short. We can read it in one hour.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. The film was very good. We saw it through.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The pkay was very amusing. They enjoyed it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. This song is very simple. Everybody can sing it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. This book is very interesting. You should read it.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Some of the books are important. I must read them.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. He was kind. Everybody liked him.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. The programme on TV was interesting. We followed it through.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. This exercise is very easy. The pupils can finish it in five minutes.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. The weather is very fine. We can go out for a walk.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. The radio isn’t small.You cannot put it in your pocket.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. This coat isn’t warm.I don’t wear it in winter.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. The weather was fine.We could go camping.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
14. Those apples aren’t ripe.We can’t eat them.
………………………………………………………………………………………..

V/ Combine each sentences into a new one,using “enough + noun + to.v”:

1. We have money. We can buy that motorcycle.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. She has a lot of free time. She can go to the movies with you.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Mr Brown has experience.He can solve this problem.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. There are enough knitting frames in the workshop. Student can practise knitting.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I haven’t got money. I can’t go away on holiday.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. We have enough time. We can get to the airport on time.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. She doesn’t know enough French. She cannot read a newspaper in French.
………………………………………………………………………………………..

VI.Kết hợp các câu sau dùng “too … to” hoặc “enough to…”
1. These oranges are ripe. You can eat them.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.He is strong. He can carry this table.
 …………………………………………………………………………………
3. The house is large. My family can live in it.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4.It was very late. They didn’t go to the party.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5.The dress is so dirty. She can’t wear it.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6.She is tall. She can reach the top shelf.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7.Mr Brown is poor. He can’t buy car.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8.My grandmother is very weak. She can’t lift the box.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9.The film is very good. The children won’t miss it.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10. Those shoes are large. You can wear them.
…………………………………………………………………………………
11.These exercise are very difficult . She can’t do them.
…………………………………………………………………………………
12.The room is right . I can see everything.
…………………………………………………………………………………
13.The sound is very low. We can’t hear it.
…………………………………………………………………………………
14.The table is too heavy. He can’t move it.
…………………………………………………………………………………
15.The car is very old . He can’t buy it
…………………………………………………………………………………
16. The cake is so hard that he can’t eat it
…………………………………………………………………………………
17. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough
…………………………………………………………………………………
18. The restaurant is very clean. everyone wants to eat there
…………………………………………………………………………………
19.The lady was very old.She couldn’t live there by herself.
…………………………………………………………………………………….
20.The children are early.They can have good seat.
……………………………………………………………………………………..
 Chương 11: các cấu trúc nối câu

I/ mệnh ®Ò chØ nguyªn nh©n:

1. MÖnh ®Ò chØ nguyªn nh©n:

Because
As + Clause (nguyên nhân),mệnh đề chính
Since

Mệnh đề chính, because/ as/ since + clause (nguyên nhân)

Ex:I can travel around the world.I have a lot of money.

Because I have a lot of money, I can travel around the world.
VD: We couldn’t go out because the weather was bad .

BÀI TẬP: Nối các câu sau theo gợi ý

1. He didn’t take a raincoat . He got wet.( because)
………………………………………………………………………… .
2. The sound is very low. We can’t hear it.(because)
……………………………………………………………………… .
3. The car is very old . He can’t buy it.(since)
…………………………………………………………………… .
4. Though Lan is beautiful and intelligent, she is never proud of herself. (As )
………………………………………………………………… .
5. Lan is always admired by her friends.she is intelligent. ( Because )
…………………………………………………………………………………… .
6 We always trust Nam. he is wise and honest. ( since
…………………………………………………………………………………… .
7 . Lan is very poor. she can’t continue her study at the university. ( Because )
…………………………………………………………………………………… .
8.the cake is too hard for him to eat.( as)
………………………………………………………………………………..
9. he restaurant is so dirty that noone wants to eat there.(since)
…………………………………………………………………………………..
10.can’t go with you . I have a lot of work to do.(because)
……………………………………………………………………………………..
IImÖnh ®Ò chØ sù t¬ng ph¶n:
1 MÖnh ®Ò chØ sù t¬ng ph¶n: chØ sù t¬ng ph¶n cña hai hµnh ®éng trong c©u
Though
Although + S1 + V1 + O1, S2+ V2+O2
Eventhough

S1+ V1+O1 Though/ although/ even though S2+ V2+ O2

VD: Although the weather was bad , we had a wonderful holiday.

Bµi tËp 1: H·y viÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau dïng tõ gîi ý trong ngoÆc:
1.we could do the test. It was very difficult.( although)
……………………………………………………………………….
2. Tom went to school. He was ill.( though)
……………………………………………………………………….
3. It rained heavily. They went to school.(eventhough)
……………………………………………………………………….
4.Cars cause pollution. People still want to buy them.( although)
……………………………………………………………………….
5. we took many pictures .the sky was cloudy. (eventhough)
……………………………………………………………………….
6.He got a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.(Though)
……………………………………………………………………….
7. The ticket’s price is high. my roommates go to the movies every Saturday.(although)
……………………………………………………………………….
8. she had a poor memory, she told interesting stories to the children. (eventhough)
……………………………………………………………………….
9. they are not rich, they are very generous. (Although)
……………………………………………………………………….
10. she has been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.(though)
……………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with although/ because
1. ____________ the meeting’s at 2.00, I won’t be late to see you.
2. ____________ I told the absolute truth, no one would believe me.
3. The goods had not delivered to our house____________ we had paid money.
4. My mother is always complaining ___________ my room isn’t clean
5. I didn’t get the job ____________ I had all the necessary qualifications.
6. It’s unsafe to travel in that country _____________ there are many earthquakes here.
7. The villagers refused to leave ___________ the flood occurred.
8. ____________ everything looked different, I couldn’t realize .
9. __________ John was young , he had qualifications.
10. You can’t enter this secure area _____________ you don’t have an official permit.
11. ___________ it was sunny, it was quite a cold day.
12. Several people became ill ___________ it was so hot.
13. ____________ she have a cough, she was able to sing in the choir.
14. ___________ I had nothing for lunch but an apple, I ate dinner early.
15. Sarah can’t climb up the tree ___________ her fear of heights.
 Cấu trúc thường gặp

1.suggest( ®Ò nghÞ ai lµm viÖc g×)

S + susgest + V-ing + O
Eg: I suggest learning English.
S + susgest + that + S + should + V- inf
Eg: I suggest that we should save energy.

TỪ NỐI
- And( vµ): dïng thªm th«ng tin
Eg: His father is a docter and he works in hospital.
- Or( hoÆc): diÔn t¶ sù lùa chän.
Eg: Do you study Maths or Chemistry?
- But(nhng): nèi hai ý t¬ng ph¶n nhau.
Eg: He is fat but his brother isn’t.
- So(do ®ã, v× thÕ): diÔn t¶ hËu qu¶.
Eg: He is busy, so he can’t help you.
- Therefore(do ®ã) ®ång nghÜa víi So, chØ hËu qu¶.
Eg: He is busy; therefore he can’t help you.
*Kh¸c víi So: Therefore - cã thÓ theo sau dÊu phÈy(,) dÊu chÊm phÈy(;) hoÆc dÊu chÊm c©u(.)
- However(Tuy nhiªn): diÔn t¶ sù t¬ng ph¶n, ®ång nghÜa víi But, nhng lu«n nèi liÒn hai mÖnh ®Ò.
Eg: He’s over seventy; however, he’s still active.
It’s raining hard; the game is, however, going on.
-Although(mặc dù): diÔn t¶ sù t¬ng ph¶n, ®ång nghÜa víi But,có thể đứng đầu câu hoặc giữa cau
Ex: We found a table, although the cafe was crowded.
Although the cafe was crowded, we found a table.
-because: (bởi vì)chỉ nguyên nhân,có thể đứng đầu hoặc giữa câu
,using “and , or, so , although , but , because , however , therefore”
1. She isn’t English . __________ ,she speaks English fluently
2. She went home …………………she was tired.
3. She can speak French ,………………….she can’t write it .
4. He worked hard ,…………………he passed all his exams.
5. She not only goes to school ______________ also has a part time job.
6. We haven’t got a dishwasher……………….. we haven’t got a microwave.
7. She is working late next Friday, ……………she can’t come to the party.
8. I haven’t got a car ,…………………I’ve got a motorbike.
9. We enjoyed the holiday………………………it rained a lot.
10.She didn’t study .________________ , she failed the test .
11. Both Lan ……Mai work in this company.
12.My brother couldn’t sleep …………… he felt homesick.
13.I want to go out tonight…………I haven’t finished my homework.
14.Lam had studied hard recently ,………….. he passed Maths test.
15.Nam isn’t a handsome boy,……………………..he is a good person.
16.Tom……Jerry is a famous cartoon over the world.
17.Do you like to play football …….. volleyball?
18.I like to learn Maths;…………..... It’s difficult for me to learn well
19.he doesn’t have breakfast………….he feels hungry now
20.it was ready 6p.m,………………….we closed our office and went home.
GIỚI TỪ IN, ON, AT
1. Giới từ “in”, “on”, “at” được dùng để chỉ thời gian
2. Giới từ “in”, “on”, “at” được dùng để chỉ nơi chốn

1. Giới từ “in”, “on”, “at” được dùng để chỉ thời gian.

Preposition of time ( Giới từ chỉ thời gian ) : AT, IN ,ON,
1.1. “IN”: VÀO … (KHOảNG THờI GIAN DÀI)
Ta đặt “in” trước các từ chỉ thời gian dài như: năm, tháng, tháng+năm
VD: in 1980 (vào năm 1980)
in February (vào tháng hai)
in May 2013
in this week (trong tuần này)
-trước các mùa: in Summer (vào mùa hè), in spring( mùa xuân), in winter(mùa đông), in autumn(mùa
thu)
- trước các buổi trong ngày : in the morning ,in the afternoon, in the evening.

1.2. “ON”: VÀO …

Ta đặt “on” trước những từ chỉ những ngày trong tuần, hoặc một dịp nào đó.
VD: on Sunday (vào ngày Chủ nhật)/ on this occasion / opportunity (nhân dịp này,cơ hội này)
-trước ngày, tháng: on May 10th
- trước ngày tháng năm: on May 10th , 2013
1.3. “AT” : VÀO LÚC … (giờ TRONG NGÀY, hoặc MỘT KHOẢNH KHẮC)
Ta đặt “at” trước từ chỉ mốc thời gian rất ngắn cụ thể như giờ giấc trong ngày.
VD: at 2 o’clock (vào lúc 2 giờ)/ at present (hiện tại)
- BETWEEN+ thời gain+ AND+thời gian: between 6.00 p.m and 6.30 p.m
-BEFORE/ AFTER +thời gian: before 5.00/ after 7.00
- FROM + moät ñieåm thôøi gian + TO + moät ñieåm thôøi gian
Ex: We have class from 7.00 to 10.15
- FOR: + moät khoaûng thôøi gian : ñeå noùi raèng moät caùi gì ñoù dieãn ra bao laâu roài
For two months...For four weeks..
-DURING : dùng để chỉ hành động xảy ra trong suốt thời gian của sự vật, sự kiện:
During Christmas time; During the film; During the play...
-SINCE : dùng để đánh dấu thời gian
Since last Saturday, since yesterday.
-TILL: dùng cho thời gian và không gian.
-UNTIL: dùng với thời gian.
He did not come back until 11.pm yesterday. (thời gian)
- BY: + moät ñieåm thôøi gian Ex: Can you finish the work by five o’clock.

2. Giới từ “in”, “on”, “at” được dùng để chỉ nơi chốn:

2.1. “in”: ở … (trong một nơi nào đó)
Ta đặt “in” trước từ chỉ khu vực địa lý rộng lớn, hoặc từ chỉ vị trí lọt lòng, ở trong lòng một cái gì đó.
VD: in the bed (ở trên giườn/ in a box (ở trong một cái hộp)/ in the street (ở trên đường phố)
in New York (ở New York)/ in Asia (ở châu Á)
2.2. “on”: ở … (trên mặt một cái gì đó)
Ta đặt “on” trước từ chỉ đồ vật để chỉ vị trí tiếp xúc trên mặt phẳng của đồ vật đó.
VD: on this table (ở trên cái bàn này)
2.3. “at”: ở … (tại một nơi nào đó không được cụ thể)
Ta đặt “at” trước từ chỉ nơi chốn để chỉ vị trí một cách chung chung
VD: He is at school.(anh ấy đang ở trường học)
Bµi tËp Giới từ
I. Choose the suitable prepositions in brackets
1. Ba and Tam usually go fishing… (on, in, from, at) the weekends.
2. The students will visit the capital…. (on, in, at, of).the summer.
3. They heard a very strange noise…. (on, in, at, out)midnight.
4. Our little brother took a long nap from 1p.m…. (till, up, between, at)4p.m.
5. The competitions will take place…. (from, between, up to, to) 8a.m and 12a.m.
6. She talked (in, for, at, up to)….an hour to persuade her parents.
7. They have learned English… (since, for, in, from).many years.
8. The boys often go skiing…..(in, at, on, for)the winter.
9. I’ve studied French. (for, since, in)…..3 months.
10. I arrived…. (in, at, on, to)the bus stop at 4 in the afternoon.
11. She has been here….. (in, since, for, on).yesterday.
12. We will go(in, at, on, to)…..a picnic next week.
13. She took many pictures to show the trip….. (of, for, to, with)her parents.
14. There is a meeting….. (in, till, between, at)9 a.m. and 2 p.m.
15. We have lived in Hanoi….. (in, since, for, at)4 years.
16. She was born(in, of, at, on)…..16th January.
17. I’ve studied French. (for, since, in)…….last week.
18. We arrived at the bus stop at 4 (in, at, on, to)…….the afternoon.
19. What did she do (on, in, to, for)……the weekend?
20. I live………… a small flat ……………London.
21. 4.I waited twenty minutes………..a bus yesterday.
22. What are you doing…………......... Sunday evening ?
23. She arrived ………………….. the station two hours ago.
24. I was born…………….. 18th June 1987.
25. The opening ceremony was held…………….May ,2004.
26. We arrived………………… England by train.
27.We often have parties …………Sundays.
28.Thank you very much for the alarm clock that you sent me ………my 15th birthday.
29,We used to watch stars …………nights.
30.I arrived ______Tan Son Nhat Airport at 8: last night