მეცამეტე ლექცია

სკოლისათვის მზაობის კომპონენტები. დიაგნოსტიკა, კორექცია.

ლიტერატურა:

1. „საკითხავი მასალა“

დ.უზნაძე, „ბავშვის ფსიქოლოგია“, გვ.296-305, 306-362

saskolo swavlebis dasawyisis problemisaTvis

ra aris skolis daniSnuleba? skolis upirvelesi daniSnulebaa mozardis swavleba.

rogor unda gvesmodes swavlis cneba, ras niSnavs is? gana udavo araa, rom swavla skolis
gareSec xdeba? gana bavSvs bevri ram ara aqvs naswavli, sanam skolaSi Sevidodes? maS, ratom
unda miviCnioT skolis funqciad swored swavla, Tu igi skolis gareSec da skolis asakis
dawyebamdec xdeba?

vnaxoT, aris Tu ara raime gansxvaveba swavlaSi, romelic skolis asakis dawyebamde da mas
Semdeg, e.i. skolaSi mimdinareobs.

cnobilia. rom Tavis sicocxleSi cxovelic bevr rames “swavlobs”. mecnierebaSi mravali
meTodia cnobili, romelic cxovelis “swavlis” SemTxvevebsa da wesebs ikvlevs. SevCerdeT e.w.
“cdisa da Secdomis” meTodze! misi azri daaxloebiT aseTia: mravalgzis gameorebis Sedegad
cxoveli TandaTanobiT eCveva sul ufro da ufro iSviaTad mimarTos mcdar moZraobebs da bolos,
pirdapir mizanSewonili qceviT daiwyos. ase “swavlobs” igi galiidan gamosvlas. es gvidasturebs,
rom swavla cxovelsac SesZlebia.

ra aris am SemTxvevaSi damaxasiaTebeli swavlis am formisaTvis? cxovelis ZiriTad mizans

galiis gareT moTavsebuli sakvebis xelSi Cagdeba Seadgenda. es warmarTavda Tavidan bolomde
mis qcevas.

Cven SegveZlo gveTqva, rom cxoveli ara “galiidan gamosvlas” swavlobs, aramed is
swavlobs “galiis gareT moTavsebuli garkveuli sakvebis dauflebas”. amitom sakmarisia sakvebi
SevcvaloT, rom cxovelma mis dasaufleblad, nacvlad naswavli qcevis gamoyenebisa, xelaxla “cdisa
da Secdomis” gzas mimarTos. amocana am SemTxvevaSi SedarebiT swrafad, SedarebiT advilad
wydeba, magram principulad igi mainc xelaxal gadawyvetas da ara ukve naswavli xerxis ubralod
ganmeorebas warmoadgens. ramdenadac udavoa, rom am cdebis xelaxali ganmeorebis
SemTxvevaSi amocanis gadaWra sul ufro da ufro advildeba, Cven ufleba gveZleva vTqvaT, rom
cxovelma aq galiidan gamosvla iswavla.
 amdenad swavla cxovelsac SeuZlia. magram raa specifikuri aq “swavlisaTvis”. es aris
pirobiTi refleqsebis SemuSaveba pavlovis meTodiT. cxoveli pirobiTi refleqsis gamRizianebelTan
kavSirSi “swavlobs” garkveul reaqcias: aseTi kavSiris gareSe misTvis SeuZlebelia raime axali
reaqciis “Seswavla”. SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom cxoveli Tavis biologiur moTxovnilebebs ikmayofilebs
da ramdenadac igi am aqtSia CarTuli, TandaTanobiT eCveva, TandaTanobiT swavlobs zogierTi
iseTi aqtis Sesrulebasac, romelsac pirdapiri kavSiri ar aqvs misi aqtualuri moTxovnilebis
dakmayofilebasTan.

amrigad irkveva, rom swavlis SemTxvevebs cxovelis sicocxleSic aqvs adgili, magram
swavla aq arasdros damoukidebel mizans ar warmoadgens: is yovelTvis cxovelis biologiuri miznis
dakmayofilebis, SeiZleba iTqvas, mxolod Tanmxleb movlenas warmoadgens. swavla, cxovelis
SemTxvevaSi, ar aris damoukidebeli, TavisTavadi qcevis forma.

ra unda iTqvas swavlis Sesaxeb, roca sakiTxi adamianis qcevas exeba? xSirad adamiani
raRac axalsac swavlobs. magaliTad, xSirad ityvian xolme _ bavSvma puris Wama iswavlao.
magaliTad, TviTmomsaxurebis procesSi Cacma-daxurvas swavlobs. TamaSis procesSi aqtebis
mTel rigs eufleba da “swavlobs” maT; da sxv. mokled, rodesac adamiani raime qcevis aqts
awarmoebs, raTa is mizani ganaxorcielos, risTvisac am aqts mimarTavs. xSirad xdeba, rom igi
qcevis calkeul aqtebsa da mTlianad TviTon qcevasac sul ufro da ufro advilad asrulebs.

ra xasiaTi aqvs aq swavlas? swavlis calkeuli aqtebi aq yvelgan dasaxuli miznis Tanmxleb
efeqts ufro warmoadgenen, vidre mis pirdapir pasuxs. rogorc cxovelis SemTxvevaSi, swavlas aqac
Tanxlebi aqtis roli aqvs dakisrebuli. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es arc aris namdvili swavla. maS ra
SemTxvevaSi gvaqvs saqme swavlasTan, am sityvis WeSmariti mniSvnelobiT?

Tu swavlas qcevis damoukidebel formad CavTvliT, cxadia unda vigulisxmoT, rom mas
Tavisi damoukidebeli miznebi aqvs. ra mizans emsaxureba qcevis is forma, romelic swavlis
saxelwodebiTaa cnobili?

cocxali organizmi marad aqtiobis mdgomareobaSi imyofeba, Tuki amaSi mas daRliloba ar
uSlis xels. masSi marad moqmedebs aqtiobis tendencia, romelsac funqcionaluri tendencia SeiZleba
vuwodoT. amitom gasagebia, rom uZraoba misTvis uCveulo mdgomareobas warmoadgens, rodesac
mas jer kidev ar Seswevs Zala damoukideblad daikmayofilos Tavisi moTxovnilebebi, rodesac is
bavSvobis xanaSi imyofeba da jer kidev saTanadod ar aris momwifebuli im qcevisaTvis, romelic
misi moTxovnilebebis dasakmayofilebladaa saWiro. maSin erTaderTi rac mas darCenia esaa: an
uZrav, umoqmedo mdgomareobaSi darCes, raki unayofo moqmedebas araviTari azri ar eqneboda,
anda aSkarad unayofo moqmedebas mihyos xeli. ise xdeba, rom organizmi Tavis funqcionaluri
tendenciis impulsebs mihyveba da Tavisi ganviTarebis donis Sesatyvis aqtiobas axorcielebs. esaa
qcevis is specifiuri forma, romelic gansakuTrebiT bavSvobis asakisaTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli da
sxvadasxvagvari TamaSis saxiT iCens xolme Tavs.

TamaSi emsaxureba bavSvis Zalebis amoqmedebis realizacias, maT swrafvas aqtiobisaken,

maT funqcionalur tendencias. sul sxvaa swavla!
 swavla obieqtivaciis process gulisxmobs da masSi obieqtivirebuli viTarebis ukeT
SeTvisebas eswrafvis. rodesac subieqts amocana uCndeba, mis winaSe dasmuli sakiTxi
gadawyvitos, rTul SemTxvevebSi saqme Cveulebrivi wesiT aRar mimdinareobs. subieqti Cerdeba
da qceva mas e.w. ideur sferoSi gadaaqvs. es SesaZleblobas aZlevs azrovneba daiwyos, romelic
man sabolood erTerTis, ufro mizanSewonili qcevis Sesrulebis gadawyvetilebaze unda SeaCeros.

ra mniSvneloba aqvs obieqtivaciis faqts? Zalian didi. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom adamianis
winsvlis, misi cxovelTa samyarodan gamoyofisa da swrafi kulturuli ganviTarebis faqts safuZvlad
pirvel rigSi obieqtivaciis unari udevs.

swavla, mozardis cnebiTi azrovnebis ganviTarebas uwyobs xels: igi cnebiTi azrovnebis
ganviTarebis mTavari pirobaa.

Secdoma iqneboda gvefiqra, rom sazogadod obieqtivaciisa da kerZod cnebaTa SemuSavebis

unari SeuZlebelia ganviTardes swavlis gareSe. ara, yvelaferi es swavlis gareSec SeiZleba moxdes:
adamianis moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofilebis sirTule da amasTan dakavSirebuli misi gamocdilebis
mZlavri gafarToeba sakmarisi pirobaa obieqtivaciis procesebis da maSasadame cnebiTi azrovnebis
Casaxvisa da gaZlierebisaTvis. magram cnebaTa SemuSavebis es bunebrivi gza grZelia da Zneli
savali. piradi gamocdilebis niadagze SemuSavebuli cnebiTi azrovnebiT adamiani Sors ver
wavidoda. is cnebebi, romliTac Cven vsargeblobT, kacobriobis xangrZlivi gamocdilebis dagrovebis
Sedegad yalibdebian. Tavisi dasrulebuli saxiT isini mecnierebaSi arian mocemuli da maTi daufleba
bunebrivi ganviTarebis gziT, mecnierebis sagangebo daxmarebis gareSe, sruliad SeuZlebeli
iqneboda.

aqedan naTeli xdeba is didi roli, romelic swavlas aqvs. Cvens xanaSi swavla swored
mecnierul cnebaTa mozardisaTvis gadacemas isaxavs miznad. igi arsebiTad mecnieruli cnebiTi
azrovnebis ganviTarebas emsaxureba.

misawvdomia Tu ara swavla, rogorc damoukidebeli qcevis forma, yoveli asakis

bavSvisaTvis? Tu ara da maSin ra asaki SeiZleba swavlis dasawyis asakad CaiTvalos? skola
saswavlebelia. misi saqme swavlebaa. maSasadame, skola mxolod imisTvisaa Seqmnili, visac
swavla SeuZlia. magram gana yvelas SeuZlia swavla?

swavla, am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT, obieqtivaciis unars gulisxmobs, swavlis Zala

mxolod mas Seswevs, visac es unari aqvs. iq, sadac obieqtivacia jer araa momwifebuli, SeuZlebelia
adamians swavlis, interesi hqondes. Tumca araa gamoricxuli raimes “swavlobdes”, e.i. iZendes
raime codnas da Cvevas, magram es imitom ki ar xdeba, rom mas TviTon es codna an Cveva
ainteresebs TavisTavad, aramed imitom, rom is am codnasa da Cvevas rogorc saSualebas eufleba,
romelic mas namdvili miznis ganxorcielebis unars aZlevs. mag., SesaZlebelia aiZulo bavSvi
iswavlos rame, Tu rom mas ecodineba, rom winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi sastikad iqneba dasjili, an
da Tu iswavlis, dajildovdeba. rasakvirvelia, Cven iZulebuli varT dasjisa da dajildoebis
saSualebaTac mivmarToT, raTa xeli SevuwyoT, davexmaroT mozards, zogjer Tavisi inertoba
gadalaxos _ swavlis namdvili gemo naxos da misi namdvili interesi gauCndes. magram swavlas, am
sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT, safuZvlad uSualo interesi udevs, romelic mis namdvil motors
warmoadgens. es uSualo interesi mxolod obieqtivaciis niadagze SeiZleba aRmocendes.
maSasadame, naTeli xdeba, rom swavla, am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT, mxolod imas
SeuZlia, visac obieqtivaciis unari sakmarisad ganviTarebuli aqvs.

rodis, ra asakSi umwifdeba bavSvs obieqtivaciis unari? eqvs welze adre obieqtivaciis bevri
araferi aqvs bavSvs. igi mxolod meSvide welSi Cndeba am unaris moqmedebis niSnebi, magram
mxolod uSualod “aRqmulis velSi”. 7 wlis Semdeg misi “moqmedebis sfero TvasaCinoebis farglebs
Sordeba da warmosaxul situaciaSi iwyebs moqmedebas”. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Svidi weli is asakia,
rodesac bavSvi sakmarisad flobs Tavisi obieqtivaciis unars. amitom es is asakia, rodesac bavSvs
pirvelad swavlis moTxovnileba uCndeba, am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT.. amitom, d.uznaZis
azriT, saskolo asakis dasawyis xanad, fsiqologiuri TvalsazrisiT, swored Svidi weli unda CaiTvalos.

bavSvi sxvadasxva qveyanaSi da sxvadasxva droSi sxvadasxva asakSi iwyebda swavlas

skolaSi. CvenSi saskolo asaki adre 8 wlidan iwyeboda. Semdeg ki bavSvi 7 wlisa Sedioda skolaSi.
karolin Sarps Tavis statiaSi ” School Starting Age: European Policy and Recent
Research“, (LGA Conference Centre, Smith Square, London, 1 November 2002)
mimoxiluli aqvs evropis gamocdileba. evropis umetes qveynebSi bavSvebi skolaSi swavlas iwyeben
eqvsi wlis asakSi (avstria, belgia, kviprosi, CexeTis respublika, safrangeTi, germania, saberZneTi,
ungreTi, islandia, irlandiis respublika, italia, lixtenSteini, litva, luqsemburgi, norvegia, portugalia,
slovakia, slovenia, espaneTi). Svidi wlis SeyavT bavSvebi skolaSi bulgareTSi, EestoneTSi, daniaSi,
fineTSi, latviaSi, poloneTSi, rumineTSi, SveciaSi. xuTwlianebi swavlas iwyeben inglisSi, maltaSi,
niderlandebSi, Sotlandiasa da uelsSi. xolo oTxwlianebi – Crdilo irlandiaSi (Source: European
Commission. EURYDICE and EUROSTAT (forthcoming) Figure D1.).

bunebrivad dgeba sakiTxi: ratom xdeba ase? razea damokidebuli skolis asakis dasawyisi?
erTi ram, rac dadgenilad unda vcnoT isaa, rom swavlas, am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT,
Cveulebriv, eqvs welze adre mainc, bavSvi ver axerxebs...

fsiqologia, rogorc mecniereba dRes ukve im doneze dgas, rom SesaZlebelia saskolo asakis
dasawyisis sakiTxi ufro principuli TvalsazrisiT iqnas dasmuli da gaSuqebuli, vidre es dRemde
xdeboda.

ukve ramdeni welia saqarTvelos skolebSi swavlebis dasawyis asakad eqvsi weli
gamocxadda.

sazRvargareT eqvswlianTa klasebi mosamzadebeli klasebia am sityvis sruli mniSnelobiT.

isini mozardebs saskolo cxovrebisTvis amzadeben: maT adaptirebas axdenen saskolo cxovrebis
pirobebisadmi, maT fizikur-inteleqtualur da socialur-pirovnul momzadebas iwveven namdvili
saskolo swavlisadmi.

CvenSi gansxvavebul movlenasTan gvaqvs saqme: TiTqmis ucvleli darCa saswavlo garemo,
swavlebis organizaciis forma, saswavlo gegmebi da programebi, swavlebis xerxebi da meTodebi,
saxelmZRvaneloebi da maswavlebelic, Tavisi codniTa da gamocdilebiT.
 skolaSi swavlisadmi fsiqologiuri mzaoba

skolaSi swavlisadmi fsiqologiuri mzaobis sakiTxi sakmaod farTo ganxilvis sagani

iyo fsiqologiaSi. ucxoeTSi (a.anastazi, a. iiraseki, c.Strembeli) ganixilaven problemas
skolisadmi momwifebis aspeqtSi. sabWoTa fsiqologebi (vigotski, elkonini, boJoviCi)
aqcents akeTeben am sakiTxis Teoriul damuSavebaze.

sabavSvo baRSi fsiqologi aqtiur monawileobas iRebs bavSvebis momzadebaSi

saskolo swavlebisaTvis:
1. akeTebs skolisadmi bavSvebis mzaobis fsiqologiur diagnostikas (pirvelad
seqtemberSi, Semdeg daskvniTi – aprilSi);
2. SeimuSavebs rekomendaciebs mSoblebisaTvis da pedagogebisaTvis bavSvebis mzaobis donis
asamaRleblad sxva specialistebTan erTad;
3. axdens koreqciul da ganmaviTarebel muSaobas saskolo swavlebisadmi mzaobis problemebis mqone
bavSvebTan;
4. konsultacias uwevs pedagogebs da mSoblebs skolisaTvis momzadebis procesis individualizaciis
sakiTxebze;
bavSvis saskolo swavlebisTvis mzaobis diagnostikuri gamokvlevis dros aucilebelia yuradReba
mivaqcioT Semdeg momentebs:
 bavSvis komunikabeluroba (rogor Sedis kontaqtSi – Tavisuflad Tu igrZnoba daZabuloba);
 metyvelebis ganviTareba, gramatikulad gamarTuloba, enis simdidre;
 davalebebis instruqciebis gageba, yuradRebis siswrafe, koncentracia an gafantuloba davalebis
Sesrulebisas SeuZlia Tu ara moisminos instruqcia bolomde an xom ar iwyebs davalebis Sesrulebas
instruqciis damTavrebamde;
 davalebis Sesrulebis tempi (swrafi, neli, SesvenebebiT, yuradRebis sxva rameze gadataniT, Tanabari,
naxtomisebri); SeuZlia Tu ara bavSvs imuSaos xangrZlivad an male iRleba.
davalebebs Soris SeiZleba gavakeToT patara Sesvenebebi, romlis drosac saubari ama Tu im
problemaze romelic gamovlindeba bavSvTan, mogvcems masze faseuli informaciis Segrovebis saSualebas.
magaliTad, Tu bavSvs uWirs kontaqtSi Sesvla, erideba mozrdil adamians, SeiZleba vkiTxoT axloblebze,
megobrebze, ras TamaSobs da ra survilebi aqvs.

specialur literaturaSi aris bevri diagnostikuri meTodi, romelic saSualebas gvaZlevs gamovavlinoT
bavSvis skolisaTvis mzaobis done. fsiqologi TviTon wyvets romeli meTodikebi gamoiyenos. SerCevis
kriteriumebi unda iyos: informatiuloba, drois mixedviT ekonomiuroba, damuSavebis siadvile da sxv.

“fsiqofiziologiuri mzaoba skolisaTvis”

skolisaTvis fsiqo-fiziologiur mzaobaSi Sedis:

1. yuradRebis ganviTarebis done

2. bavSvis Sromisunarianobis ganviTarebis done
3. fizikuri ganviTarebis asakobriv normebTan Sesabamisoba
4. bavSvis nervuli sistemis tipisa da temperamentis gaTvaliswineba
 yuradReba _ es aris individis unari moaxdinos koncentracia mocemul momentSi saganze, obieqtze,
movlenaze, xatze da a.S. skolamdelebisa da dawyebiTi skolis moswavleebis yuradReba aramyaria da uneblie.
mniSvnelovania amis gaTvaliswineba, raTa ar gadavtvirToT bavSvebi. yuradRebis Tavisebureba
damokidebulia adamianis individualur-tipologiur maxasiaTeblebze, nervuli sistemis tipze.

nervuli sistemis tipi _ nervuli sistemis Tvisebebis erToblioba romlis safuZvelzec gamoyofen
temperamentis 4 tips.

temperamenti _ adamianis individualuri maxasiaTebeli, ganapirobebs fsiqikuri procesebis siswrafes,

siCqares, tempsa da ritms. temperamenti ar gansazRvravs uSualod pirovnebis maxasiaTebels, magram is
gavlenas axdens pirovnebis amaTuim Tvisebis formirebis SesaZleblobasa da siCqareze. temperamenti
damokidebulia bavSvis nervuli sistemis tipze.

nervuli sistemis tipi

Zlieri susti

agzneba jobnis Sekavebas Sekaveba jobnis agznebas

qoleriki melanqoliki

sangviniki

flegmatiki

Sromisunarianoba _ individis potencialuri SesaZlebloba Seasrulos mizandasaxuli qceva mocemul

doneze garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi.

amrigad, nervuli sistemis tipi _ temperamenti _ yuradReba _ Sromisunarianoba aris uSualo da pirdapir
urTierTkavSirSi.

bavSvebis skolisaTvis mzaoba komunikaciur sferoSi

socialur-fsiqologiuri mzaoba moicavs bavSvebSi iseTi unarebis ganviTarebas, romelTa meSveobiT isini
SeZleben aawyon urTierTobebi TanaklaselebTan da maswavlebelTan. bavSvi midis klasSi, sadac bavSvebi
dakavebuli arian erTi saqmiT, da mas sWirdeba moqnili xerxebis floba rom daamyaros urTierToba sxva
bavSvebTan.

urTierTobis sferoSi bavSvis skolisaTvis mzaoba moicavs:

 sxva bavSvebTan da zrdasrul adamianebTan urTierTobis moTxovnilebis ganviTarebas

 jgufis tradiciebisa da wesebisadmi damorCilebis unari, sakuTari interesebis uaryofis gareSe
 unari gaumklavdes skolis moswavlis rols saskolo swavlebis situaciaSi.

komunikacia moicavs:

1. sxvebTan kontaqtebis awyobis unari xels uwyobs skolasTan da axal socialur urTierTobebTan adaptaciis
process.

2. TanatolebTan urTierTobebis agebis unari aris nebisyofis skolisaTvis mzaobis mniSvnelovani komponenti.
mniSvnelovania rom bavSvs hqondes ganviTarebuli Semdegi Tvisebebi:

 keTilganwyoba
 megobrebis pativiscema
 komunikabeluroba
 TanagrZnobis gamovlenis mzaoba

skolamdelebs saklaso koleqtivSi CarTvis fsiqologiuri wanamZRvrebi uviTardebaT TanatolebTan jgufSi

erToblivi saqmianobis procesSi. es aris:

 unari SeaTanxmo sakuTari moqmedebebi sxvebis moqmedebebTan

 gaacnobiero sakuTari warmatebebi da warumatebloba urTierTobebSi erToblivi saqmianobiT
saerTo miznis miRwevisas.

emociur-nebelobiTi mzaoba skolisaTvis

6 wlisTvis bavSvs uyalibdeba nebismieri qcevis ZiriTadi elementebi, rac gamoixateba Semdeg unarebSi:

 daisaxo mizani
 miiRo gadawyvetileba
 daawyo moqmedebebis gegma
 Seasrulo dasaxuli gegma
 raime winaaRmdegobis gaCenis SemTxvevaSi Zalisxmevis gamovlena
 Seafaso sakuTari moqmedebis Sedegi

skolisaTvis mzaobis emociur-nebelobiTi sferos mzaobis ganviTarebaSi mTavari aqcenti unda gakeTdes
miznis miRwevis motivebis aRzrdaze:

 ar SeeSindes siZneleebis
 miiswrafodes am siZneleebis gadalaxvisken
 uari ar Tqvas dasaxul mizanze

mokled rom vTqvaT, mzaoba es aris mosmenis unari + Sesrulebis unari

damoukideblobis, rogorc bavSvis nebisyofis gamovlenis Zalisxmevis ZiriTadi maCvenebelia

yoveldRiurad bavSvis mier Sexsenebis gareSe raime davalebis an movaleobis Sesruleba.

rogor ganvaviTaroT nebisyofis mzaoba:

1. gavzardoT bavSvis damoukidebloba da pasuxismgebloba:

 bavSvs unda hqondes raime movaleoba da Cven unda ganvamtkicoT misi Sesruleba
mudmivad
 bavSvebma unda daiswavlon leqsebi, mogviyven zRaprebi, ambebi.
2. ganvaviTaroT TviTkontroli:
  gamoviyenoT TamaSebi “gaakeTe rogorc me”, “nimuSis mixedviT konstruireba”, “monaxe
xuTi gansxvaveba”, “ar Tqva ”ki” da “ara” da sxv.
3. xSirad gamoviyenoT Sefaseba Tanatolebis mxridan
4. ganvaviTaroT miswrafeba imoqmedos moraluri motivebiT
5. davicvaT TandaTanobis principi moTxovnebis dawesebisas, radgan nebismieri moqmedeba am
asakSi mxolod iwyebs ganviTarebas
6. ganvaviTaroT sakuTar TavSi, Tavis ZalebSi darwmunebuloba warmatebis situaciis Seqmnis
meSveobiT.

emociuri mzaobis ganviTareba saWiroa imisTvis, rom sxvadasxva situaciebSi bavSvma SeZlos Tavisi
emociebis regulireba, SeZlos gamoavlinos emociuri mdgradoba. warmatebiT swavlisTvis aucilebeli pirobaa
bavSvs SeeZlos reagireba esTetiur mxareebze, gamoavlinos empaTia.

skolamdelis emociuri sfero aris:

 bavSvi emociebs gamoavlens uSualod da intensiurad

 bavSvis emociebi swrafad gadaerTveba, ganwyobileba swrafad icvleba
 emociebi aris zedapiruli.

unda ganvaviTaroTSemdegi pirovnuli Tvisebebi:

 emociebis mdgradoba
 emociebisa da grZnobebis siRrme
 amaTuim grZnobis aRmocenebis mizezebis gacnobiereba
 umaRlesi grZnobebis gamovlena (esTetiuris, moraluris, SemecnebiTis)
 gacnobierebuli molodini warmatebis an marcxis

emociuri da nebelobiTi sferos ganviTarebaSi SeiZleba dagvexmaros magaliTebis gamoyeneba zRaprebidan,

moTxrobebidan (mxatvruli literaturis kiTxva, zRaprebis dadgma bavSvebis TeatrSi, suraTebis Tvaliereba,
musikis mosmena).

motivaciuri mzaoba skolisadmi

swavlis motivaciis formireba skolisadmi mzaobis erTerTi mTavari xazia. es aris codnis miRebis
Rrma da mdgadi interesi. swavlis motivacias aRZravs: moTxovnilebebi, interesebi, survilebi, emociebi,
ganwyobebi, idealebi. yvelaze adekvaturi aris saswavlo-SemecnebiTi motivis formireba, radgan Sinagani
poziciis ar qona xels uSlis moswavles skolasTan adaptaciaSi.

skolisadmi mzaobis motivacia :gulisxmobs:

 pozitiur warmodgenebs skolaze

 survils wavides skolaSi, rom gaigos da iswavlos bevri axali ram

skolisaTvis motivaciuri mzaobisTvis aucilebelia:

1. xeli SevuwyoT bavSvis interess yvelaferi axalisadmi, vupasuxoT mis kiTxvebs, mivawodoT axali
informacia nacnob sagnebze;
2. movawyoT eqskursiebi skolaSi, gavacnoT saskolo cxovrebis ZiriTadi atributebi
3. sabavSvo baRSi skolis moswavleebis vizitebis organizeba
 4. gamocanebi skolis Temaze
5. ganmaviTarebeli TamaSebi “Caalage saskolo CanTa”, “daalage rigirs mixedviT, ra aris zedmeti? da
sxv.

amrigad, ZiriTadi amocanaa vaCvenoT bavSvs, rom Zalian bevri ucnobi da saintereso ram SeuZlia gaigos
skolaSi.

TviTSefasebis formireba

cnobilia ramdenad miSvnelovania adamianisTvis adekvaturi TviTsefasebis qona. adekvaturi TviTsefaseba,

pretenziis done TamaSoben umniSvnelovanes rols bavSvis pirovnebis formirebaSi. gansakuTrebiT didia
adekvaturi pretenziis roli bavSvis skolisaTvis momzadebis saqmeSi. aseve cnobilia, rom bavSvi ar ibadeba
garkveuli damokidebulebiT sakuTari Tavisadmi. TviTSefaseba yalibdeba aRzrdis procesSi, sadac ZiriTadi
roli ekuTvnis ojaxs da sabavSvo baRs.

aucilebelia SeTanxmeba moqmedebebis ojaxisa da sab.baRis skolamdelis adekvaturi TviTSefasebis

formirebisTvis. fsiqologma unda gaakeTos organizeba mSoblebis seminarebis. es seminarebi daexmareba
mSoblebs ar dauSvan secdomebi aRzrdaSi. mSoblebs unda axsovdeT ZiriTadi wesebi:

1. bavSvis moqmedebebis negatiurad Sefasebisas ar unda vTqvaT: “Sen ar ici aSeneba, xatva... dagva”.
aseT SemTxvevaSi bavSvi ver SeinarCunebs survils gaagrZelos saqmianoba , kargavs sakuTar TavSi,
ZalebSi da unarebSi darwmunebulobas. zrdasruli adamianebis damokidebulebiT gamowveulia dabali
TviTSefasebidan iwyeba bavSvis nevrotuli ganviTareba.
2. ar unda davuSvaT, rom bavSvis qcevis negatiuri Sefaseba gavrceldes mis pirovnebaze. unda
gavakritikoT bavSvis qceva da ara pirovneba. pirovnebis Sefaseba blokavs bavSvis ganviTarebas

skolamdelis xelis momzadeba werisTvis

aucilebelia bavSvs vaswavloT sworad jdoma xatvis an werisas, kalmis xelSi sworad daWera da
sivrceSi orientacia. swavlis mniSvnelovani winapirobaa marjvena da marcxena mxaris garCeva. amisTvis
pedagogma unda:

1. aswavlos marjvena da marcxena xelis Cveneba

2. bavSvs Txovos awios rigrigobiT marjvena da marcxena xeli. aswavlos sagnebis aReba marjvena da
marcxena xeliT.
3. aswavlos sxeulis sxva wyvili nawilebis garCeva.

amis Semdeg mniSvnelovania sivrceSi orientaciis formireba. amisTvis:

a) gansazRvros sivrceSi bavSvTan mimarTebaSi sagnebis mdebareoba

b) sivrciTi mimarTebebis gansazRvra ramdenime sagans Soris.

am samuSaos Casatareblad SeiZleba gamoviyenoT:

 gasaferadeblebi da feradi fanqrebi;

 gamWvirvale furclebze naxatebis gadaxatva/kopireba;
 ornamentebis kopireba da xatva
 plasteliniT da TixiT muSaoba
 aplikaciebis gakeTeba plastelinis nakuwebiT an daxeuli qaRaldebiT
 mZivebis asxma, Rilebisa da knopebis Sekvra da gaxsna;
 xelis TviTmasaJi, TamaSebi TiTebiT da sxv.

rekomendaciebi skolamdeli bavSvis aqtivobis ganviTarebisaTvis

1. mieciT bavSvs Tavisuflad aarCios risi gakeTeba unda. es uzrunvelyofs pirovnul mniSvnelobas imisa,
rasac akeTebs.
2. saWiroa pozitiuri motivacia. amisTvis aucilebelia gamudmebiT dadastureba imisa, rom is sworad
moqmedebs, rom mas gamosdis is, rasac akeTebs. amas xels Seuwyobs aseve warmatebis situaciis
Seqmna, romelSic bavSvs Camouyalibdeba sakuTar ZalebSi darwmunebuloba da winsvlis survili.
3. TamaSebi da savarjiSoebi, unda Seesabamebodes bavSvis miznebs da ganviTarebis dones.
4. bavSvebisTvis SeTavazebuli masala unda iyos emociurad Seferili, mosaxerxebeli vizualurad aRqmisTvis
(gamoyofili feriT, grafikulad aRniSnuli da a.S.)
5. unda dominirebdes bavSvebis moqmedebebi da msjeloba, da ara maswavleblis.
6. masalis warmatebiT dauflebis/daswavlis maCvenebeli iqneba bavSvis mier daswavlili Cvevebis gadatana
yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi da maTi gamoyeneba sxvadasxva situaciaSi.