REAL NUMBERS

1 (a)  ={x : x is an integer 10 G x G 40}

P ={x : x is a multiple of 6}
Q ={x : x is a square number}

(i) Write down the elements of P , Q . [1]

(ii) Find n (P l + Q) . [1]

(b) Use set notation to describe the shaded region in the Venn diagram. [1]


B C

2 (a) Shade the subset Al + B + C . (b)  = { A, C, E, G, H, J, N, R, T, Z }

W = { x : x has rotational symmetry of order 2 }
X = { x : x has line symmetry }

Y = { R, A, N, G, E }
A B
(i) Complete the Venn diagram.


W X

[1]

Y
(b) (ii) List the elements of X + (W , Y)l . [1]

(iii) Find n (W , X , Y )l . [1] [3]

(iv) Using set notation, complete this statement. [1]

3 (a) Use set notation to describe the subset shaded in the Venn diagram.


A B

[1]

(b)  = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 }

P = { x : x is a factor of 36 }
Q = { x : x is a multiple of 4 }
R={x:3GxG6}

(i) Complete the Venn diagram.


P Q

R
[3]

(ii) List the elements of P + (Q , R )l . [1]

(iii) Find n (P , Q) . [1]

(iv) Use set notation to complete the statement.

................................... = Q [1]
4  = {x : x is an integer 1 G x G 16}
A = {x : x is an even number}
B = {x : x is a square number}
C = {x : x is a factor of 100}

(i) Complete the Venn diagram.

A B

[3]

(ii) Find n (Al , B) . [1]

(iii) p ! A+C

Write down all the possible values of p. [1]

5 (a)  = {x : x is an integer 1 G x G 10}

A = {x : x is a factor of 20}
B = {x : x is a multiple of 4}

(i) Complete the Venn diagram.

A B

[2]

(ii) State n (A , B) . [1]

(iii) Describe in words the set A + Bl . [1]

(b) 30 people are asked what type of fruit they like.

Of these people,

• 5 say they like both oranges and bananas

• 12 say they like oranges
• 8 say they like neither oranges nor bananas.

By drawing a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of people who like bananas but not oranges.
[2]
6 (a) Use set notation to describe the shaded region in the Venn diagram.

P Q

[1]

(b)  = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}

A = {x : x is a factor of 12}
B = {x : x is a multiple of 2}
C = {x : x is a square number}

(i) Show this information on the Venn diagram below. [2]

(ii) Find n ^A + Bh. [1]

A B

(iii) Find n ^A + ^B , Chlh. [1]

(iv) One subset in the Venn diagram

in part (b)(i) has no elements.
Use set notation to describe this subset.

[1]

(c) (i) Write 540 as the product of its prime factors. [2]

(ii) p is the smallest possible integer such that 540p is a square number.

Find 540p, giving your answer as the product of its prime factors. [2]

7 (a)  ={x : x is an integer 1 G x G 18} 

A = {x : x is a prime number}
B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18} A 1 B
2 4 9
3 6 12
18

(i) Complete the Venn diagram to illustrate this information. [1]

(ii) Complete the description of the set B. [1]

 (iii) Find n (A , B) . [1]

(iv) List the elements of Al + B . [1]

(b) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 140 and 770. [2]

(c) A rectangular field measures 450 m by 306 m.

The whole field is divided into identical square plots with no land remaining.

Find the largest possible side length for the squares. [2]

8 (a)  = {x : x is an integer and 10 G x G 20}

A = {x : x is an odd number}

B = {x : x is a multiple of 5}

(i) Find n(A + B). [1]

(ii) Find A′ , B. [1]

(b) In a survey, 40 people were asked what they had read that day.

• A total of 10 people had read a book

• A total of 24 people had read a newspaper
• 14 people had read neither a book nor a newspaper

By drawing a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of people who had
read both a book and a newspaper. [2]

9  = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 }
A = { x : x is a prime number }
B = { x : x is an even number }
C = { x : x is a multiple of 5 }

List the members of the subsets

(a) B +
C , [1]

(b) ^A , B , Ch ' , [1]

(c) A + B' . [1]

10 (a) Shadethesubset (A+B),C.  A

B C

[1]

(b) Usesetnotationtodescribethesubsetshadedinthediagram.

 D

E F
[1]

(c) ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
P={x:xisanoddnumber}
Q={x:xisasquarenumber}

(i) Writethemembersof  inthecorrectregionsontheVenndiagram.


P Q

[2]

(ii) Staten(Ql ). [1]

11 (a)  = {x: x is an integer and 5 G x G 15} (i) Find n ^A + B + Ch. [1]

A = {x : x is a multiple of 3}
(ii) Find ^A , Bhl . [1]
B = {x : x is a factor of 60}

C = {x : x is a prime number} (iii) Given that D 1 B and D 1 C , find D. [1]

 (b) An activity camp offers 3 sports: tennis, cricket and volleyball.
One day, 50 children took part in these sports.

19 children played tennis, 34 children played cricket and 23 children played volleyball.
2 children played all three sports.
5 children played tennis and cricket.
10 children played tennis and volleyball.

By drawing a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of children who played

(i) tennis and cricket but not volleyball, [1]

(ii) cricket and volleyball but not tennis, [1]

(iii) cricket only. [1]

12 (a)  = {x : x is an integer and 2 G x G 12}

M = {x : x is a multiple of 3}
P = {x : x is a prime number}

(i) a!M P

Find a. [1]

(ii) Find (M P)l . [1]

(b) In a survey, 90 people were asked “Do you own a car?” and “Do you own a bicycle?”.
A total of 27 people said they owned a bicycle.
Of these, 13 owned only a bicycle.
11 people owned neither a car nor a bicycle.

By drawing a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find how many people said that they owned a car. [2]

(c) The Venn diagrams show a Universal set, , (ii) Express in set notation the subset shaded in
and subsets A, B and C. this diagram.
[1]
(i) Shade the set (A C)l B. [1]
 
B B

A A

C C
 MARK SCHEME

1(a)(i) 12, 16, 18, 24, 25, 30, 36 1

1(a)(ii) 2 1

1(b) (D C)  B' oe 1

2(a) 1

2(b)(i) 3 B2 for Venn diagram with 1 or 2 errors,

omissions or repeats
or B1 for Venn diagram with 3 or 4 errors,
omissions or repeats

2(b)(ii) C, T 1 FT their diagram

2(b)(iii) 1 1

2(b)(iv) W ∩ X ∩ Y oe 1

3(a) 1
( A ∪ B )′ oe

3(b)(i) 3 B2 for Venn diagram with 1 or 2 errors, omissions or

repeats or
for correct Venn diagram with ( P ∪ Q ∪ R )′ blank
or B1 for Venn diagram with 3 or 4 errors, omissions or
repeats or
for correct Venn diagram with ( P ∪ Q ∪ R )′ blank and
one further error

3(b)(ii) 2, 9 1 FT their diagram

3(b)(iii) 7 1

3(b)(iv) P ′ ∩ Q ∩ R oe 1
 4(i) Correctly completed Venn diagram 3 B2 for Venn diagram with one or two
errors, omissions or repeats
or for correct Venn diagram with 3, 7, 11,
A 6 8 12 16 B
14 9 13, 15 omitted
2 10 4 1 or B1 for Venn diagram with three or four
5 errors, omissions or repeats
C or for correct Venn diagram with 3, 7, 11,
3 7 11 13 15
13, 15 omitted and one other error,
omission or repeat

4(ii) 10 1

4(iii) 2, 4, 10 1 FT their Venn diagram

5(a)(i) 2 B1 for 8 or 9 numbers correctly placed

A B or for 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10 correctly placed with
1 2 no numbers placed incorrectly
4 8
5 10
3 6 7 9

5(a)(ii) 6 1 FT n(A ∪ B) from their Venn diagram

5(a)(iii) Factors of 10 oe 1

5(b) 10 2 B1 for Venn diagram with at least 3 numbers

correct
Or M1 for 30 = 8 + 12 + x oe

6(a) ( P ∪ Q)′ or P′ ∩ Q′ 1

6(b)(i) 2 B1 for 8 or more correct

A 2 B
3 6 12 8 10

1 4

C 9 5 7
11

6(b)(ii) 4 1 FT their Venn diagram provided no

repeated elements

6(b)(iii) 1 1 FT their Venn diagram provided no

repeated elements

6(b)(iv) A′ ∩ B ∩ C 1

6(c)(i) 22 × 33 × 5 2 M1 for at least two correct stages in factor

tree or ladder method

6(c)(ii) 2 × 32 × 5 2 B1 for 90 seen or 22 × 34 × 52

 7(a)(i) Correctly completed Venn diagram 1

7(a)(ii) 36 1

7(a)(iii) 13 1 FT n(A ∪ B) from their Venn diagram provided no

repeated elements in sets A and B

7(a)(iv) 1, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 1 FT provided no repeated elements in sets A and B

7(b) 1540 2 B1 for answer 1540k, where k is an integer

or for 2 × 2 × 5 × 7 and 2 × 5 × 7 × 11 seen
or 2, 2, 5, 7, 11

7(c) 18 2 B1 for answer 2, 3, 6 or 9

or for 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 and 2 × 3 × 3 × 17 seen
or 2, 3, 3 with 25 and 17

8(a)(ii) 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20 1

8(a)(iii) 7 1
oe
11

8(b) 8 2

M1 for 14 + 10 + 24 – x = 40 oe
or for correct Venn diagram with algebraic
expressions.
Or B1 for Venn diagram with at least 3 numbers
correct

9 (a) 10 1

(b) 9 1

(c) 3,5,7,11 1

10 (a
a) 1
A

B C

′
(b
b) E ∩ (D ∪ F ) or (D ∪ F )′ ∩ E 1 Orr E ∩ D ' ∩ F '

(cc) (i)) 2 B1 1 for 8 or 9 nu umb berrs corrrecttly plaaceed or for

100 nuumberrs corrrecctlyy pllaceed witth onee
P Q ad
ddittionnal nuumb berr
orr fo
or 1, 3, 4,, 5, 7, 9 seeen corrrectly
3 5 1 4 poosittion nd no num
nedd an mberss poosittionedd
7 9 in
ncorrrecctlyy

2 6 8 10

( )
(ii) 7 1ft
11 (a) (i) 0 or none 1

(ii) 7, 8, 11, 13, 14 1 All correct

(iii) 5 1

(b) (i) 3 1

(ii) 11 1

(iii) 18 1

12 (a) (i) 3 1

(ii) {4, 8, 10} 1

(b) 66 2 M1 for y + 13 + 11 = 90 oe
or B1 for 52 soi

(c) (i) 1

/
(ii) C ∩ ( A ∪ B) oe 1