SHEET-3- SECOND LAW , GIBB’S FREE ENERGY

SECTION – 1
3
1. On standard conditions H and  S for a particular reaction are 1.17  10 J/mole and 105 J / mol K
respectively. This reaction will be
(A) Exothermic and spontaneous (B) exothermic and non-spontaneous
(C) Spontaneous and reversible (D) spontaneous and non-reversible

2. All spontaneous changes in the universe result into

(A) increase in entropy of the system (B) decrease in entropy of the system
(C) increase in entropy of the surroundings (D) increase in entropy of universe

3. Universal gas constant ‘R’ can be defined as; at constant pressure

(A) mechanical work associated with 1 mole gas in order to increases temperature by 1°C.
(B) mechanical work associated with 1 mole gas when expends by 1 L at 278 K.
(C) mechanical work associated with 1 L gas at STP when at expends by 1 L.
(D) mechanical work done by 1 mole gas when it expands by 22.4 L at STP.

4. Combustion of octane takes place in an automobile engine. The homogenous equation of combustion is :
25
C8 H18  g   O 2  g  
 8CO2  g   9H 2O  g 
2
The signs of H , S and  G for the reaction will be L
(A) +ve, –ve, +ve (B) –ve, +ve, –ve (C) –ve, +ve, +ve (D) +ve, +ve, –ve

5. Which of the following statement is true?

(A) For every process, in an isolated system ∆T = 0.
(B) For every process in an isolated system, ∆S = 0.
(C) For every process in an isolated system that has no macroscopic kinetic or potential energy, ∆E= 0.
(D) If a closed system undergoes a reversible change for which ∆V = 0, then the p-V work = 0

6. One mole of ice is converted into water at 273 K. The entropies of H 2O  s  and H 2O  l  are 38.20 and 60.01
J mol 1 K 1 respectively. The enthalpy change for the conversion is:
1 1
(A) 59.54 J mol
1
(B) 5954 J mol (C) 595.4 J mol (D) 320.6 J mol 1

7. One mole of ice is converted into water at 273 K. The entropies of H 2O  s  and H 2O  l  are 38.20 and
1 1
60.01 J mol K respectively. The enthalpy change for the conversion will be
(A) 59.54 J mol1 (B) 5954 J mol
1
(C) 595.4 J mol
1
(D) 320.6 J mol
1


8. Using G f  HI   1.3 kJ / mole, calculate the standard free energy change for the following reaction

H 2  g   I 2  g  
 2HI  g 
(A) 3.6 kJ / mole (B) 4.0 kJ / mole (C) 2.6 kJ / mole (D) 1.5 kJ / mole
9. For X 2 O4  l    2XO 2  g 
U  2.1 kcal, S  20 cal / K at 300K. r G will be
(A) 2.7 kcal (B) 2.7 kcal (C) 4.081 kcal (D) 4.081 kcal

o o o
10. When an open glass of water is cooled from 50 C to 20 C by putting the 50 C glass of water in a bath that is
o
at 20 C, the absolute value of the entropy change in the bath is ________ the absolute value of the entropy
change in the glass of water.
(A) greater than (B) less than (C) the same as (D) Impossible to say

11. fusH of a liquid is 1.437 kcal mole 1 and Sm is 5.26 cal mole–1 k melting point will be
(A) 0°C (B) 273C (C) 273C (D) 0 K

12. The area under a plot of CP /T versus the absolute temperature (T) is directly related to
(A) ∆S (B) ∆ U (C) ∆H (D) q
13. For the process H 2O  l  (1 bar, 373 K)  H2 O  g  (1 bar, 373 K), the correct set of thermodynamic
parameters is
(A) G  0, S   ve (B) G  0, S   ve
(C) G   ve, S  0 (D) G   ve, S   ve

o
14. Arrange the following reactions in order of decreasing ∆S values.
1) 2NO(g)   N2(g) + O2(g)
2) CO2(g) 
 CO2(g)
3) MgCO3(s)   MgO(s) + CO2(g)
o o o o o o
(A) ∆S (1) > ∆S (2) > ∆S (3) (B) ∆S (1) > ∆S (3) > ∆S (2)
o o o o o o
(C) ∆S (2) > ∆S (3) > ∆S (1) (D) ∆S (3) > ∆S (1) > ∆S (2)
o o
15. Use your understanding of thermodynamics to predict the signs of ∆H and ∆S for the following reaction.
2H2(g) + O2(g)  2H2O(g)
o o o o
(A) ∆H = − and ∆S = − (B) ∆H = − and ∆S = +
o o o o
(C) ∆H = + and ∆S = − (D) ∆H = − and ∆S = 0

16. Which of the following statements is false regarding the reaction A(g) →B(g)?
X: The reaction can achieve the lowest possible free energy by going to completion.
Y: At equilibrium ∆G = 0
Z: At equilibrium, GA = GB
(A) X and Y only (B) Z only (C) X only (D) Y and Z only

17. Consider the reaction below at 298 K:

C(graphite) + 2H2(g)   CH4(g)
o
∆H f (kJ/mol) −74.9
o
S (J/K-mol) + 5.6 + 130.7 + 186.3
Which statement below is correct?
o
(A) ∆G RXN is −50.8 kJ and the reaction is driven by enthalpy only.
o
(B) ∆G RXN is −50.8 kJ and the reaction is driven by entropy only.
o
(C) ∆G RXN is +50.8 kJ and the reaction is driven by entropy only.
o
(D) ∆G RXN is −50.8 kJ and the reaction is driven by enthalpy and entropy.

o
18. Calculate the change in molar Gibbs energy of carbon dioxide at 20 C when it is isothermally expanded from
2.0 bar to 1.0 bar.
(A) 2.4 kJ/mol (B) −2.4 kJ/mol (C) 1.7 kJ/mol (D) −1.7 kJ/mol

19. For a reaction at enthalpy change and entropy change are

and respectively. The reaction is:
(A) Spontaneous (B) Non-spontaneous (C) Instantaneous (D) None of these

20. In which of the following condition a chemical reaction can not occur?
(A) and increase and (B) and decrease and
(C) increase and decreases (D) decreases and increases

21. For the reaction at 300 K

 C (g)
A(g) + B(g) 
E = –3.0 kcal ; S = – 10.0 cal/K
G is?value of
(A) –600 cal (B) –6600 cal (C) –6000 cal (D) None of these
22.  2CO (g) + 3H O (g)
C2H6 (g) + 3.5 O2 (g)  2 2
Svap (H2O) = x1 cal K-1 (boiling point = T1)
Hf (H2O) = x2 Hf (CO2) = x3 Hf (C2H6)= x4
Hence H for the reaction is -
(A) 2x3 + 3x2 – x4 (B) 2x3 + 3x2 – x4 + 3x1T1
(C) 2x3 + 3x2 – x4 – 3x1T1 (D) x1T1 + X2 + X3 – x4
23. What is the free energy change (G) when 1.0 mole of water at 100°C and 1 atm pressure is converted into
steam at 100°C and 1 atm pressure?
(A) 80 cal (B) 540 cal (C) 620 cal (D) zero

24. What is the free energy G) when 1.0 mole of water at 100°C and 1 atm pressure is converted?change ( into
steam at 100°C and 2 atm pressure?
(A) zero cal (B) 540 cal (C) 515.4 cal (D) none of these

25. Pick out the correct statement among the following.

0 0
(A)  S f {He(g)} > 0 at 298 K (B)  S f {H2O(g)} > 0 at 298 K
0
(C) S° of H2 gas > 0 at 298 K (D)  S f {H2 (g)} > 0 at 298 K

26. A boiled egg show a/an …in entropy.

(A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) No change (D) None of these

27. A and B are two hinge blocks of same metal. The blocks are connected by a rod of the same material. The
temperature of A and B are 1500 K and 500 K respectively. The rate of heat conduction is 104 J s–1. The rate
of entropy increase of universe due to this process will be
1 1
(A) × 103 J–1 k–1 sec–1 (B) × 103 J–1 k–1 sec–1
75 65
1 1
(C) × 103 J–1 k–1 sec–1 (D) × 103 J–1 k–1 sec–1
55 45
28. The entropy change when two moles of ideal monoatomic gas is heat from 200 to 300°C reversibly and
isochorically
3  300  5  573   573  3  573 
(A) R ln   (B) R ln   (C) 3R ln   (D) R In  
2  200  2  273   473  2  473 

SECTION – 2

1. From the given table answer the following questions:

CO(g) CO2(g) H2O(g) H2(g)
H°298 (-KCal/mole) –26.42 –94.05 –57.8 0
G°298 (-KCal/mole) –32.79 –94.24 –54.64 0
S°298 (-Cal/Kmole) 47.3 51.1 ? 31.2
Reaction: H2O(g) + CO(g)  H2(g) + CO2(g)
(i) Calculater H o298 (ii) Calculate r G o298 (iii) Calculate r S o298
o o
(iv) Calculate r E 298 (v) Calculate S 298 [H2O(g)] .

2. One mole of ideal monoatomic gas was taken through reversible isochoric heating from 100 K to 1000 K.
Calculate Ssystem , Ssurr, and Stotal in
(i) when the process carried out reversibly
(ii) when the process carried out irreversibly (one step)

3. Calculate the enthalpy of combustion of benzene (l) on the basis of the following data:
(i) Resonance energy of benzene(l) = - 152 kJ/mol
(ii) Enthalpy of hydrogenation of cyclohexene (l) = - 119 kJ/mol
0
(iii) H f C6H12(l)= - 156 kJ/mol
0
(iv) H f of H2O(l) = - 285.8 kJ/mol
0
(v) H f of CO2 (g) =- 393.5 kJ/mol

4. Calculate the free energy change in the freezing of 18 gm of water at 263.15 K, given that the vapour pressure of
water and ice at 263.15 K are 0.287 Pa and 0.260 Pa, respectively.
 ANSWER KEY
SHEET-3- SECOND LAW , GIBB’S FREE ENERGY

SECTION-1
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. B
8 B
9. B
10. A
11. A
12. A
13. A
14. D
15. A
16. C
17. B
18. D
19. B
20. C
21. A
22. B
23. D
24. C
25. C
26. A
27. A
28. C
SECTION-2
1. (i) – 9.83 Kcal/mole, (ii) – 6.81 Kcal/mole, (iii) – 10.13 Cal / K mole,
(iv) –9.83 Kcal/mole, (v) + 45.13 Cal/ K mole.
3 3
2. (i) Rev. Process Ssyst = R ln 10 ; Ssurr = – R ln 10
2 2
3 3 3
(ii) Irr Process Ssys = R ln 10 ; Ssurr = R (0 – 9) ; Stotal = R (1.403)
2 2 2
0 0
3. ( H f (benzene) = 49 kJ mol-1), H C (benzene) = - 3267.4 kJ

4. – 216.198 J mol –1