PRIMARY 2

SET 5

LOGICAL THINKINGs

1. If 3rd of August 2024 is Saturday, which day of the week was 17th May 2024?

2. According to the pattern shown below, how many is/are there in the 11th group?

3. According to the pattern shown below, what should be the number represented by ‘?’ ?

8 15 ?

3 7 8 25 12 50
5 5 6

4. Wyn, Joy, Cy, and 60 children form a column. Joy is nearest to the front compared to Cy and
Wyn. There are 9 children behind Wyn, 18 children between Wyn and Cy, and 14 children
between Joy and Cy. How many child(ren) is/are in front of Joy?

5. Based on the conditions of the 3 balance below, which among these symbols , ,

, and is the lightest? ( - circle; - square; - triangle; - plus)

 ARITHMETIC

6. Find the value of 18 × 17 − 7 × 36 + 23 × 9.

7. Find the value of 173 + 269 + 408 + 417 + 532 + 701.

8. If A, B represent different 1-digit numbers, what is the value of B if the equation is correct?

ABB
+ AAA
1576

9. Find the value of 16 – 24 + 31 – 35 + 40 – 35 + 31 – 24 + 8.

10. Find the value of 15 + 8 × 3 − (23 − 17) × (2 + 5) ÷ 3.

NUMBER THEORY

11. Given the numbers below form an arithmetic sequence, what is the 10th number in this
sequence?
17, 36, 55, 74, 93, …

12. If N is a natural number, determine whether the result of 𝑁 × 28 + (𝑁 + 3) × 302 +

4𝑁 × 79 is odd or even.

13. Find the largest 4-digit even number divisible by 4 with no repeated digits.

14. A hundred students have taken a mathematics test, and their total score is odd. Given
each of the first 37 students out of 100 has an odd score, and each of the next 33 students
has an even score, at most how many students in the remaining 30 students have odd
scores?

15. Ren has 88 pencils and Babs has 42 pencils. At least how many pencils should Ren give
Babs such that the number of pencils they have differ by 12?
 GEOMETRY

16. How many square(s) is/are there in the figure below?

17. A prism has 22 vertices. How many edge(s) does this prism have?

18. In the figure below, how many line segment(s) is/are there?

19. According to the pattern shown below, what should be the figure in the space provided?
Indicate the name of the symbol.

20. At most how many interior angle(s) of a hexagon can be right angles?

COMBINATORICS

21. If we choose 4 different numbers from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 to form 4-digit odd numbers, what
is the minimum of these numbers?

22. How many integer(s) contain 9 as one of their digit(s) from 1 to 351 inclusive?

23. Given there are 4 slices of bread, 5 slices of pie, and 5 slices of cake, how many different
way(s) can we pick 1 slice of each pastry?

24. There are 3 teachers and 10 students in a class. If every different pair of students are
taking one photo with each of the teachers, how many photos will be taken?

25. In the following number sequence, how many number(s) is/are odd from the 5th number
to the 20th number inclusive?
2, 4, 5, 9, 14, 18, 19, …
 LOGICAL THINKING

1. If 3rd of August 2024 is Saturday, which day of the week was 17th May 2024?

Answer: Friday
Solution:
Counting the number of days from May 17 to August 3,
May → 31 – 17 = 14 days
June → 30 days
July → 31 days
August 3 → 3 days
Total number of days is 14 + 30 + 31 + 3 = 78.
78 days
= 11 r. 1
7 days a week
Moving 1 day backward—May 17 is a Friday.

2. According to the pattern shown below, how many is/are there in the 11th group?

Answer: 110
Solution:
1st Group: 0 = 1-1
2nd Group: 2 = 2 × 1
3rd Group: 6 = 3 × 2
4th Group: 12 = 4 × 3
Nth Group: no. of stars = n × (n − 1)
So, the 11th Group will have 11 × (11 − 1) = 110 stars.
s
3. According to the pattern shown below, what should be the number represented by ‘?’ ?

8 15 ?

3 7 8 25 12 50
Answer: 22 5 5 6
Solution:
 8

3 7
5
3×5−7=8
15

8 25
5
8 × 5 − 25 = 15
Following the same pattern,
?

12 50
6
12 × 6 − 50 = 22

4. Wyn, Joy, Cy, and 60 children form a column. Joy is nearest to the front compared to Cy and
Wyn. There are 9 children behind Wyn, 18 children between Wyn and Cy, and 14 children
between Joy and Cy. How many child(ren) is/are in front of Joy?

Answer: 19
Solution:
1 (Joy) + 14 + 1 (Cy) + 18 + 1 (Wyn) + 9 = 44 children
The number of children in front of Joy is 60 + 3 − 44 = 19.

5. Based on the conditions of the 3 balance below, which among these symbols , ,

, and is the lightest? ( - circle; - square; - triangle; - plus)

Answer: plus
Solution:
1st Balance: 2 pluses is lighter than a square.
2nd Balance: A square is lighter than a circle.
3rd Balance: A square is lighter than a circle and a plus.
So, the plus is the lightest.
 ARITHMETIC

6. Find the value of 18 × 17 − 7 × 36 + 23 × 9.

Answer: 261
Solution:
9 × 2 × 17 − 7 × 4 × 9 + 23 × 9
9 × (2 × 17 − 7 × 4 + 23)
9 × (34 − 28 + 23) = 9 × 29 = 261

7. Find the value of 173 + 269 + 408 + 417 + 532 + 701.

Answer: 2500
Solution:
173 + 269 + 408 + 417 + 532 + 701
= (173 + 417) + (269 + 701) + (408 + 532)
= 590 + 970 + 940 = 2500

8. If A, B represent different 1-digit numbers, what is the value of B if the equation is correct?

ABB
+ AAA
1576
Answer: 9
Solution:
Since 15 is odd, there must be a carry 1.
A + A + 1 = 15 A=7
If A = 7 and B + 7 + 1= 17 , then B = 9.

9. Find the value of 16 – 24 + 31 – 35 + 40 – 35 + 31 – 24 + 8.

Answer: 8
Solution:
16 – 24 + 31 – 35 + 40 – 35 + 31 – 24 + 8
=(16 + 8) + (31 – 24) + (31 – 24) + (40 – 35) – 35
=24 + 7 + 7 + 5 – 35 = 8

10. Find the value of 15 + 8 × 3 − (23 − 17) × (2 + 5) ÷ 3.

Answer: 25
Solution:
Follow PEMDAS.
15 + 8 × 3 − (23 − 17) × (2 + 5) ÷ 3
= 15 + 24 − (6) × (7) ÷ 3 = 15 + 24 − 14 = 25
 NUMBER THEORY

11. Given the numbers below form an arithmetic sequence, what is the 10th number in this
sequence?
17, 36, 55, 74, 93, …
Answer: 188
Solution:
17
36 = 17 + 19
55 = 36 + 19
74 = 55 + 19
93 = 74 + 19
To get to the 10th number, add 19 five times to 93.
93 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 19 = 188

12. If N is a natural number, determine whether the result of 𝑁 × 28 + (𝑁 + 3) × 302 +

4𝑁 × 79 is odd or even.

Answer: even
Solution:
Follow PEMDAS.
𝑁 × 28 + (𝑁 + 3) × 302 + 4𝑁 × 79
𝐼𝑓 𝑁 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑,
𝑜𝑑𝑑 × 28 + (𝑜𝑑𝑑 + 3) × 302 + 4 × (𝑜𝑑𝑑) × 79
𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + (𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛) × 302 + 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 × 79
𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 = 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
𝐼𝑓 𝑁 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛,
𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 × 28 + (𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + 3) × 302 + 4 × (𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛) × 79
𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + (𝑜𝑑𝑑) × 302 + 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 + 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 = 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
Whether N is odd or even, the answer is even.

13. Find the largest 4-digit even number divisible by 4 with no repeated digits.

Answer: 9876
Solution:
For the number to be the largest 4-digit number, it must have leading digits of 9 and 8—98__
__. Divisibility rule of 4 states that the last 2 digits must be divisible by 4. The largest 2-
digit number that is divisible by 3 is 96 but this will repeat the 9 in our leading digit. There
must be no 9 nor 8. So, the last two digits must be 76. Hence, the answer is 9876.
14. A hundred students have taken a mathematics test, and their total score is odd. Given
each of the first 37 students out of 100 has an odd score, and each of the next 33 students
has an even score, at most how many students in the remaining 30 students have odd
scores?

Answer: 30
Solution:
37×odd=odd
33×even=even
odd + even + ? = odd
For the total score to be odd, the remaining children’s score should be even. For it to be even,
even number of students × odd scores = even. So, at most 30 students can have odd
scores.

15. Ren has 88 pencils and Babs has 42 pencils. At least how many pencils should Ren give
Babs such that the number of pencils they have differ by 12?

Answer: 17
Solution:
88 − 42 12
− = 17
2 2

GEOMETRY

16. How many square(s) is/are there in the figure below?

Answer: 12
Solution:
1x1 7
2x2 5
5 + 7 = 12

17. A prism has 22 vertices. How many edge(s) does this prism have?

Answer: 33
Solution:

𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠 = 2𝑛 = 22 n = 11
𝐸𝑑𝑔𝑒𝑠 = 3𝑛 = 3 × 11 = 33

18. In the figure below, how many line segment(s) is/are there?

Answer: 30
Solution:
Segments connected by 4 points only
5 four − point segment × 6 = 30
5 × 6 = 30

19. According to the pattern shown below, what should be the figure in the space provided?
Indicate the name of the symbol.

Answer: circle
Solution:

The pattern is . So, the blank must be a circle.

20. At most how many interior angle(s) of a hexagon can be right angles?

Answer: 5
Solution:
By drawing, we will have this hexagon with maximum number of right interior angles.
The maximum number of right interior angles is 5.

COMBINATORICS

21. If we choose 4 different numbers from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 to form 4-digit odd numbers, what
is the minimum of these numbers?

Answer: 1023
Solution:
Leading digits must be the least but 0 cannot be a leading digit—1 0 __ __. Since the digits
must be different, the tens digit and units digit must be less as possible—2 and 3. The ones
digit must be odd so it must be 3. Hence, 1023.

22. How many integer(s) contain 9 as one of their digit(s) from 1 to 351 inclusive?

Answer: 63
Solution:
From 1 through 100,
9, 19, 29,… 99 – 10 numbers
90, 91, 92, …, 98 – 9 numbers
10 + 9 = 19 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠
From 1 through 300 and 301 through 359,
19 × 3 + 6 = 63

23. Given there are 4 slices of bread, 5 slices of pie, and 5 slices of cake, how many different
way(s) can we pick 1 slice of each pastry?

Answer: 100
Solution:
For every slice of bread, you can choose 5 slices of pie and 5 slices of cake. By the
Fundamental Counting Principle, each total choice count from each group is multiplied.
4 × 5 × 5 = 100
24. There are 3 teachers and 10 students in a class. If every different pair of students are
taking one photo with each of the teachers, how many photos will be taken?
Answer: 135
Solution:
The number of photos taken for each pair is 10C2. Since every pair takes a photo for each
teacher, we multiply it by 3(the number of teachers).
10𝐶2 × 3 = 135

25. In the following number sequence, how many number(s) is/are odd from the 5th number
to the 20th number inclusive?
2, 4, 5, 9, 14, 18, 19, …
Answer: 8
Solution: The pattern is even, even, odd, odd.
20
=5
4
There will be 5 sets of the pattern until the 20th number, but we will count from the 5th to the
20th only. So, we exclude the odd numbers in the first set (1st to 4th).
5×2−2=8