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Basic Network Configuration

Upon completion of this module, you will be able to: Configure hardware parameters Configure an IP address Configure the routing table Configure a Data Mover for DNS Implement Time Services Describe Data Access Protocols and Services

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Basic Network Configuration - 1

The objectives for this module are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

Basic Network Configuration - 1

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Lesson 1: Configuring Hardware Parameters

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Configure hardware parameters

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Basic Network Configuration - 2

The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

Basic Network Configuration - 2

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Modifying and Displaying Configuration

Network folder

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Basic Network Configuration - 3

To modify and display the hardware configuration for the Celerra, click on the Network folder in the left navigation tree. Here you will find Data Mover interfaces, device information, NIS and DNS settings, routing information, statistics, and the ping utility for troubleshooting.

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Listing Network Devices

Network > Devices tab

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Basic Network Configuration - 4

Before you configure hardware parameters, list the network interfaces (PCI devices) to see what is available. Click on the Network folder in the left navigation tree. Next, select the Devices tab. Listed here are all the devices available to be used when creating interfaces.

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Duplex & Transmission Speed

Duplex setting
Defaults to Auto Negotiate Preferred setting is Full Duplex Best practice setting is auto/auto for GigE connections Recommended that all Ethernet hubs in Celerra environments are replaced with Ethernet switches

Transmission Speed
Defaults to auto Use maximum speed supported on the network between the Celerra and the client

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Basic Network Configuration - 5

Celerras default duplex setting is Auto Negotiate and the default transmission speed is also auto. The entire network should run in the same duplex mode. It is preferred that the Data Mover transmit at 100Mbps, Full Duplex. However, 10 Mbps, Half Duplex, can also be used when necessary. For GigE connections, best practice setting should be auto/auto. In order for a network to function well, the same settings should be deployed across the network. Since Ethernet hubs are not capable of operating in Full Duplex mode, it is strongly recommended that all Ethernet hubs in EMC Celerra environments be removed from the network and replaced with Ethernet switches. If the network does not fully support Full Duplex, then implementing Full Duplex on Celerra could cause connectivity devices in the network to fill their buffers which would have a drastic effect on the performance of the network as well as possible data loss.

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Setting Speed/Duplex
Network > Devices tab > right click Device > Properties > set Speed/Duplex

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Basic Network Configuration - 6

To set the speed and duplex on a particular device right-click the device and select Properties. Next, select the desired speed and duplex from the Speed/Duplex drop down menu and click OK.

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Lesson 2: Configuring the IP Address

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Identify required IP parameters Configure Data Mover interface Display IP configuration

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Basic Network Configuration - 7

The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

Basic Network Configuration - 7

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Required IP Parameters
IP address Subnet Broadcast address

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Basic Network Configuration - 8

The IP address, subnet mask, and broadcast address are all required when configuring the interface.

Basic Network Configuration - 8

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IPv6 Support
Celerra supports IPv6 IP addresses IPv6 address example:
2620:0000:0170:0062:021B:D5FF:FE25:7082
Network Portion Subnet Interface ID

More addresses Better security

Roll security into the protocol

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Basic Network Configuration - 9

Celerra supports IPv6 addresses for networks that are IPv6 compatible. An IPv6 address is 128 bits long, compared to IPv4 32 bit long address. The single most important IPv4 problem to address is the address space. IPv6 provides a larger address space. An IPv6 address is also written in Hexadecimal notation instead of IPv4s decimal notation. Another improvement of the new IP protocol is that security is integrated into the protocol, not treated as an add-on. IPsec protects message confidentiality & authenticity. Beyond the added addresses, security and features of IPv6; another reason why networks are moving to IPv6 is because there are a number of IPv6 initiatives within governments around the world. IPv6 is now widely deployed in Asia due to initiatives in China, Japan and South Korea. For more information on IPv6, please refer to the 3-day IPv6 Workshop provided by EMC.

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IP Address Configuration
Network > Interfaces > New

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Basic Network Configuration - 10

To configure an IP address click on the Network folder in the left navigation tree. Under the Interfaces tab, click on the New button at the bottom of the window. The Network Interface Properties window will appear. Next, select the Data Mover and Device Name from the drop-down menus. Enter the IP address of the new interface and the netmask. The interface name is optional. You may enter a value of 1500 for the MTU size or leave it empty. If the MTU size value and the VLAN ID is left empty, Celerra will automatically enter the default value for you. Click OK when finished. Note: By default, the name of the interface will be the IP address with hyphens if left empty. For example, the first interface shown in the interface list is named 10-127-57-152. The new interface being created will have a regular name of cel5dm2. The broadcast address is not configurable.

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Displaying IP Configuration
Network > Interfaces tab

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Basic Network Configuration - 11

To display the IP configuration click on the Network folder in the left navigation tree and select the Interfaces tab. Note: When deleting or modifying an IP configuration for an interface, remember to update the appropriate CIFS servers that may be using that interface and any NFS exports that may depend on the changed interface.

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Lesson 3: Configuring the Routing Table

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: View Data Mover routing information Configure and manage routes

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Basic Network Configuration - 12

The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

Basic Network Configuration - 12

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Routes and RIP Settings

Routing table of a Data Mover directs outgoing network traffic via both external and internal gateways
Routes to a host Routes to a network

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Dynamic routing protocol supported by Celerra Determines a network route based on the smallest hop count between the source and the destination.

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Basic Network Configuration - 13

The routing table of a Data Mover is used to direct outgoing network traffic via both external (router) and internal (individual network interfaces such as cge0, cge1, etc.) gateways. For network activity initiated by the Data Mover, the system uses the routing table to get destination and gateway information. Routes to a particular host must be distinguished from those to a network. The optional keywords net and host specify the address type and force the destination to be interpreted as a network or a host, respectively. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a dynamic routing protocol supported by the Celerra Network Server. RIP determines a network route based on the smallest hop count between the source and the destination. By default, the Data Mover listens for RIP routes on all interfaces.

Basic Network Configuration - 13

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Viewing Data Mover Routing Information (GUI)

Network > Routing tab

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Basic Network Configuration - 14

This slide shows how to view configured routes using Celerra Manager. Click the Network folder in the left navigation tree and select the Routing tab.

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Configure Default Gateway

Network > Routing tab > New

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Basic Network Configuration - 15

This slide shows how to configure a default gateway route. Different types of subnet masks are supported, however, Celerra does not support noncontiguous network masks; that is, masks without a continuous stream of 1 bits. A netmask of 0.0.0.0 or 255.255.255.255 is invalid for net routes. By default, a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is assigned to host routes.

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Deleting Routes
Network > Routing tab > Select the route to delete > Delete

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Basic Network Configuration - 16

This slide shows how delete routes using Celerra Manager.

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Lesson 4: Configuring a Data Mover for DNS

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Configure a Data Mover for DNS Display current DNS configuration

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Basic Network Configuration - 17

The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

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Displaying DNS Settings

Network > DNS Settings

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Basic Network Configuration - 18

Celerra Data Movers support both traditional DNS and Dynamic DNS in a Microsoft Windows network. When configuring the Data Mover for DNS, multiple DNS servers can be included, separated by spaces, in the command statement. Celerra Manager allows you to configure an unlimited number of DNS domains per Data Mover. Additionally, although the default protocol for DNS is UDP, the TCP protocol can be specified. Note: EMC recommends that two DNS name servers are employed and configured for the Celerra. This allows for redundancy in case of a DNS server failure. The same is true for NIS.

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Configuring a Data Mover for DNS

Network > DNS Settings > New
Enter DNS Domain Name and IP Address

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Basic Network Configuration - 19

This slide shows how to configure DNS using Celerra Manager.

Basic Network Configuration - 19

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Lesson 5: Implementing Time Services

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe Time Services (NTP and SNTP) Implement Time Services for a Data Mover

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Basic Network Configuration - 20

The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

Basic Network Configuration - 20

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Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP)

Data Mover NTP client
Synchronization of the system clock with an NTP or SNTP server

NTP
Sophisticated algorithms for time correction and maintenance to allow time synchronization with an accuracy of about a millisecond

SNTP
Subset of NTP for use in environments with less stringent synchronization and accuracy requirements

To the client, NTP or SNTP are indistinguishable

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Basic Network Configuration - 21

The Data Mover implements an NTP client that can synchronize the system clock with an NTP or SNTP server. NTP is a standard timekeeping protocol used on many platforms, including both Windows and UNIX environments. The full NTP specification uses sophisticated algorithms for time correction and maintenance to allow time synchronization with an accuracy of about a millisecond. This high level of accuracy is achieved even in large networks with long network delays or in cases where access to a time server is lost for extended periods of time. SNTP implements a subset of NTP for use in environments with less-stringent synchronization and accuracy requirements. SNTP uses simple algorithms for time correction and maintenance and is capable of accuracy to the level of a fraction of a second. To an NTP or SNTP client, NTP and SNTP servers are indistinguishable. SNTP can be used: When the ultimate performance of the full NTP implementation is not needed or justified. In environments where accuracy on the order of large fractions of a second is good enough.

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Initializing Time Services on a Data Mover (GUI)

Data Movers > server_x > Enter IP address of NTP server

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Basic Network Configuration - 22

To configure an NTP server click on the Data Mover folder in the left navigation tree so it expands. Select server_2 and scroll down to the bottom of the page. Next, enter the IP address of the NTP server. Click Apply to accept the changes. Note: To verify NTP status, at the CLI Command window, run the server_date command. Example: server_date server_2 timesvc stats ntp

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Lesson 6: Data Access Protocols and Services

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define and differentiate File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) Configure FTP and TFTP

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Basic Network Configuration - 23

The objectives for this lesson are shown here. Please take a moment to read them.

Basic Network Configuration - 23

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What is FTP and TFTP?

FTP
Client/server protocol that operates over TCP/IP and allows file uploading and downloading across heterogeneous systems

TFTP
Simple, UDP based protocol to read and write files

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Basic Network Configuration - 24

FTP is a client/server protocol that operates over TCP/IP and allows file uploading and downloading across heterogeneous systems. FTP includes functions to log on to remote systems, list directories, and copy files. TFTP is a simple, UDP based protocol to read and write files. TFTP lacks many of the features of regular FTP. It provides no mechanism for user authentication, nor does it let you display a remote directory, invoke a shell or manipulate files and directories.

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File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Allows file uploading and downloading across heterogeneous systems Enabled by default UNIX or Windows user accounts Manually restart sessions after Data Mover failover

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Basic Network Configuration - 25

You can perform FTP operations by typing commands at a command prompt or by using an FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. Both UNIX and Windows users can use FTP to access file systems on a Celerra Network Server on the local subnet. Authentication is performed using the local hosts file or NIS for UNIX users, and using CIFS authentication for Windows users. Any file system mounted on a Data Mover is available for FTP access as long as the FTP daemon, ftpd, is running on that Data Mover. In a default Data Mover configuration, ftpd is automatically started. During a Data Mover failover, any FTP sessions that were active when the failure occurred are automatically disconnected. You must manually restart those sessions when the failover is completed. When a user creates a file or directory through FTP, the access permissions on the file depend on the umask in effect on the FTP client. This may or may not result in the same file access permissions as if the same user created the file through UNIX (NFS) or Windows (CIFS). You can check the umask by issuing the quote site umask command in the FTP session. Refer to the documentation with your FTP client for more information.

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FTP Access
User Accounts
UNIX username Windows domain and username

Anonymous FTP
User logs in with anonymous or ftp User prompted for password ftp user must be configured in /.etc/passwd or NIS

When a Data Mover accepts login for an FTP session, the user is placed in a working directory

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Basic Network Configuration - 26

At the FTP logon prompt, a user may use either a UNIX username or a Windows domain and username (domain\username). If the user logs in without a domain name, UNIX authentication is used. The anonymous FTP facility allows a user to log in with the username anonymous or ftp. The system prompts for a password, to which the user is expected to respond with some kind of identification, usually a username or email address. To allow anonymous FTP to a Data Mover, the administrator must configure a user with a username of ftp in /.etc/passwd or in NIS. When a Data Mover accepts a users login for an FTP session, the user is placed in a working directory. The working directory depends on: Is the user anonymous, or a UNIX or Windows user? For UNIX users, does the user have a home directory specified in NIS or /etc/passwd? For Windows users, does the user have a home directory specified in /etc/homedir? Is the users home directory available on the Data Mover? Does the user have access to the home directory? Is there a default FTP working directory configured on the Data Mover? Note: For complete details on the behavior of each of these conditions, check Using FTP on Celerra Network Server.

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Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) Concepts

The TFTP daemon must be manually started on the Data Mover Implemented on the Celerra using UDP Not as fully functional as FTP Celerra supports both read and write requests, but recommends read-only

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Basic Network Configuration - 27

The TFTP daemon, tftp, runs on the Data Mover and services requests from clients. This daemon must be started manually. TFTP for the Celerra is implemented using UDP. TFTP lacks many of the features of FTP. It provides no mechanism for user authentication, nor does it let you display a remote directory, invoke a shell, or manipulate files and directories. Celerra supports both read and write TFTP requests, but recommends read-only because of the limited security features of TFTP.

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Module Summary
Key points covered in this module:
The device speed and duplex must be set on each Data Mover
interface to match the current network environment

The Data Mover interface IP address, mask, and broadcast address are configured through the GUI Default, network, and host routes can be configured for the each Data Mover DNS and NTP are services typically configured on each Data Mover FTP and TFTP services are supported by Celerra

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Basic Network Configuration - 28

These are the key points covered in this module. Please take a moment to review them.

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