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GEd 107 Module 15

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41 views13 pages

GEd 107 Module 15

Uploaded by

CEDRICK GABRIEL DOMINGO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University


COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Alangilan Campus

ARISTOTLE
AND
ST. THOMAS
Module 15
Aristotle (384 - 322 BC)

 Greek philosopher
 Final Cause or
purpose
 Anything that
prevents or
interferes with the
purpose for which
something is
created is wrong.
Aristotle (384 - 322 BC)
 The ultimate purpose cannot be understood without
understanding the place of reason in ordering one’s
life.
 Aristotle considers that morality is not merely a
matter of knowing the good, just like Plato’s
proposition, but actually doing the good habitually.
 We become what we are not what we know but what
we do.
 According to him, self-realization is the highest
good attainable by man.
 Self-realization is termed as Eudaemonia or well-
being or happiness.
Threefold Nature of Man
Each of these must be fulfilled as the realization of each is
accompanied by a state of pleasure and happiness.
1. Vegetative
 it refers to the physical body which
is cultivated by wholesome food and
proper exercise.
 The body needs food, drink, work,
and rest in order to survive and to
keep oneself physically fit.
Threefold Nature of Man
Each of these must be fulfilled as the realization of each is
accompanied by a state of pleasure and happiness.
2. Sentient
 Man as full of senses has sentient nature.
 Man’s sensual feelings and emotions must
be fully developed through appropriate
gender/sex activity within the limit of his
social conventions.
 One needs to make his feelings and
emotions fine to satisfy his senses.
Threefold Nature of Man
Each of these must be fulfilled as the realization of each is
accompanied by a state of pleasure and happiness.
2. Rational
 Human bearings are rational animals.
 The full realization of their vegetative and sentient
nature keeps them longing for more lasting
satisfaction.
 Food and shelter cannot satisfy their thirst for self-
realization, one develops his rational nature in the
pursuit of scientific knowledge, philosophical truth,
political activity, religious commitment, and creative,
artistic endeavor.
Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274)
 He studied the work of
Aristotle.
 Roman Catholic – God
created everything with a
sense of purpose
 A rational basis for
Christian morality.
 Thought that morality was
important for everyone,
and that being a good
person was a vital part of
God’s plan for each of us.
What is good for St. Thomas?

 St. Thomas asserts that what is


human good is which is suitable
for and proper to human
nature.

 So, human nature is the


proximate norm of morality.
Three Natural Inclinations of Man

1. Self-preservation
We are inclined to
preserve our life.
Three Natural Inclinations of Man

2. Just dealings with others


 Reason by nature leads us to treat
others with the same dignity and
respect that we accord ourselves.
Three Natural Inclinations of Man

2. Propagation of the species


 We are naturally inclined to perpetuate
our species which is viewed as a natural
good.
Determinant of Morality
1. Object - the Act itself
2. Circumstances - are conditions which,
when superadded to the nature of the
moral act, will affect its morality.
It answers the question of who, what,
where, by what means, why, how and
when?
3. End of the agent - The end here is taken in
the sense of end or purpose of the agent
or the doer.
References
Timbreza, F. T. (2005). Quest for Meaning Philosohpy
Made Easy for Filipinos. Quezon City: New Day Publisher.

Pasco, M. O., Suarez, V. F., & Rodriguez, A. M. (2018).


Ethics. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.

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