INDEX OF CONTENTS

DEDICATION
GRATITUDE
LEGAL FUNDAMENTALS
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
SPECIFIC GOAL
INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
HUMAN RESOURCES
MATERIAL RESOURCES
TECHNICAL RESOURCES
ECONOMIC RESOURCES
JUSTIFICATION
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
MAKE-UP
Day makeup page: 12
Steps to follow for your daytime makeup page: 12-13
How can you use a quartet of shadows in the
day makeup page: 13-14
Evening makeup page: 14-17
How to do eye makeup for the night page: 17-19
Bridal makeup page: 19-20
Rules for makeup and hairstyle page: 20-21
Examples of color scheme for brides page: 21-22
Makeup: Instant Shadows page: 23-27
EPISODE 2
HAIRCUTS
Women's cut page: 29
Short hair page: 29-30
Messy cut page: 30
“Pixié” cut page: 31
“Emo” cut page: 31
The degrafillado page: 31-32
Modern bangs page: 32-34
What cut goes with my face shape page: 34-35
Long and medium-cut hair page: 35-39
Haircuts page: 40-45
CHAPTER 3
MANICURE
The perfect manicure and pedicure page: 47-49
How to start page: 49-51
Very easy French manicure page: 51-52
Manicure step by step page: 53-57
CHAPTER 4
PERMANENT
The perm technique page: 59-60
The two most important processes of permanent pag: 60-61
How to apply the perm page: 61-62
Materials for perm page: 62
Care of a perm page: 62-63
The permanent page: 63-67
Permanent step by step page: 68-69
GRATITUDE
A special thank you to Dr. Olga Salamea, for having given me the opportunity to enter as
a student to this noble and distinguished institution such as the Cuenca Private
Educational Unit, as well as to its teaching and administrative staff who, with their wisdom
and knowledge, were the essential basis to achieve being a professional in the beauty
branch.
LEGAL FUNDAMENTALS
This Thesis is present, I do it with all my heart, all the documents that I have presented to
obtain the title of the Beauty branch

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

Get a degree in beauty

With the degree obtained, I aspire to have a stable source of livelihood for both myself
and my family.

SPECIFIC GOAL

Follow courses

Open a Beauty Salon

INSTITUTIONAL RESOURCES

“CUENCA” ARTISAN EDUCATIONAL UNIT

HUMAN RESOURCES

Beauty Teacher Lcda. Martha Beltran

Master of Legislation and Ethics Dr. Fabián Pintado

Teacher of Theory, Specialty and Practice Lcda. Martha Beltran

Master of Accounting and English Lcda. Diana Becerra

NATURAL RESOURCES
Sheets, books, pens and pencil
TECHNICAL RESOURCES
Computer, internet and copier

ECONOMIC RESOURCES
All expenses for this project are borne by the researcher.

JUSTIFICATION
I am carrying out this research thesis as a requirement for my graduation and
obtaining the Artisan degree in the field of Beauty

INTRODUCTION
The origins of aesthetics date back to prehistory. We can see how since then
there was a concern for beauty. The quantity that is most appreciated in women is
taken as a symbol of fertility. Among the most striking features of female interest in
beauty, we find an engraving near OSLO, Norway. This engraving produces the
figure of a woman wrapping herself in the fat of a “reindeer” animal. The products
available to prehistoric women were limited to clay, earth from coloring pigments,
or crude products made from animal fat. We can find the history of beauty in the
Bible. This is how Queen Elizabeth then adorned her face with oils that are still
used by women in some countries. In ancient Egypt, beauty care and hygiene
reached a very high level. The superficial arches “eyebrows” were carefully
plucked, gray antimony was also used to paint their eyes. BEAUTY IN EGYPT.-
The story of the beauty of the queens of ancient Egypt is well known; the Egyptians
embalmed their pharaohs. These two factors promoted a great cult of beauty and
cosmetics. The refinement of aesthetic care were enormous secret formulas that
beautified the queens of Egypt who were very quickly limited by their courts. The
hairstyles, the
wigs, they used milk baths; It was all part of a culture in which they wore ritual, art,
religion and science. The queens who stood out the most with their beauty and
their aesthetic secrets were Nefertiti and Cleopatra. Nefertiti had a stylized
silhouette and figure, despite having had 6 children, she had a beautiful body as
well as her bust, she went down in history for having the most beautiful bust in this
world. Nefertiti was always obsessed with her beauty, she painted her eyes with
Henna, her eyelids with a preparation made from antimony; to lengthen them with
a blue color. Cleopatra.- Egyptian to whom some beauty secrets are attributed,
among one of them we can note the following: mint, rose petals, drops of clove
essence, a spoon of cinnamon, a gram of anise, let it boil for a few minutes ,
removed the contents from the heat and let it rest for 24 hours. For a few minutes,
he removed the contents from the heat and let it rest for 24 hours. He used lotion
after Cleopatra finished her milk baths. The freshly killed beef was applied, left to
act for several minutes on the skin so that it absorbed the vitamins and proteins,
aromatics in perfumes, cleansers, oils mixed with limestone powder. She had an
exfoliant based on alabaster powder, salt from vague Egypt and honey, Cleopatra,
the queen who had the most secrets about caring for her beauty, her masks, her
makeup and her milk baths went down in history and through them we can know
who was said queen. THE BEAUTY

IN GREECE: It was the civilization of beauty. The taste for beauty reached such an
extreme that one of the books Apollonius of Erophila explains that in Athens (there
were no old or ugly women), it was the Greeks who spread a large amount of
beauty products throughout Europe. The greatest attention was paid to the care of
the body. It was in the baths where there was this love for taking care of one's
body. The massages also had an important role since, together with the bath and
the gymnastic exercises, they ensured that there were no traces of fat on the body,
and that kept the figure slim and the skin smooth. The hair was carefully cared for
and they made their own dyes, as well as with natural extracts. Women's makeup
in Athens was based on black, and blue for the eyes; They also colored their
cheeks with carmine and their lips and nails in a single tone. But not only Greek
women and men had this concern for aesthetics, their gods also sought the ideal of
beauty. BEAUTY IN ROME.- Aesthetics constitute a true obsession, men and
women created forms of cosmetics, applied makeup, combed their hair and
removed their hair equally. The excessive conquests of the Roman Empire
collected influences from the dominated peoples. An example of this is the
madness of Roman women for being blonde. The Romans stand out for the special
care they devoted to their namesake, the popularity of the bath reached the point
of building in Rome the well-known baths with capacity for 1600 bathers, or the
largest

thermal baths. Therefore the terms of my thesis are:

CHAPTER 1
MAKE-UP
DAY MAKEUP
This is a makeup that we can use daily. The idea is to make it faint so that you
look more natural. Remember that lighting during the day is not the same as at
night, therefore we cannot use very dark tones during the day as they will stand out
too much and we do not want to look extravagant.
At night the lighting is artificial, so we have to intensify the colors and give it greater
drama so that they can be appreciated. There should be a difference between
these two types of makeup so that you do not look overloaded and are
appropriately made up for each occasion.
Below are the steps to follow for your daytime makeup:
1. Cleanse, tone and moisturize your face with products for your skin type.
2. Concealer in the area of dark circles, pimples, etc.
3. Light foundation and/or powder according to your skin type and its need.
4. Shadows in light tones, preferably matte, if you don't like this type of shadows
you can use satin ones. Avoid those that are shiny and do not use strong colors.
Some of the colors you can use are: pink, brown, peach, cream, lavender, salmon,
among others, the idea is that they are light. You can use one to four colors
maximum. Later I explain how to do it.
5. Trace your eye line with a brown or gray eyeliner. If you use a pencil, blend it
well with a brush. You can also make a more subtle line with eye shadow, apply it
with a brush of

angle. To intensify the color you can moisten the brush.

6. Apply a layer of brown or transparent mascara for a more natural look, but you can also
use it in black.
7. If it is necessary to paint your eyebrows, do it with a matte shadow one or two shades
lighter than your hair color so that you do not give a strong appearance to your face. If not,
you can simply comb them with a special brush for them and/or apply a "brow gel" or
transparent mascara to set them.

I say again that everything will ultimately depend on the type of bride.

And finally we move on to the lips where we look for a juicy mouth that is normally made
up with soft colors. I advise that the gloss only be applied in the central area to provide
volume and that's it, because otherwise it will be very sticky.

Bibliography:
http://pasosparamaquillarse.com/pasos-para-maquillarse-de-dia/
CHAPTER #2
CUTS

WOMEN'S CUTS
Wavy hair?
Most women like to be fashionable and follow trends when it comes to clothing,
accessories, hairstyles and haircuts, so for all those who want to know what
modern 2012 haircuts are coming For next season this article is for you.
Short hair
Next year, it will be very fashionable to wear short, layered hair to achieve a
relaxed and light look. One of the cuts that is going to be all the rage and that is
already installed is the one that leaves the hair very short. We can choose to leave
some long strands on the forehead to give more movement to the hairstyle.

There will also be bob cuts that can appear with straight or diagonal bangs. A good
combination is irregular haircuts that mix part of the bob cut with sectors of short
low hair, this look is very

9. Long "bob" haircuts. Do you want to cut your hair a little? Try a long bob, it
makes the face slimmer, looks fashionable
10. Asymmetrical haircuts. And finally, the most daring cut, this cut looks
phenomenal, it is simple, you don't have to comb it and obviously it will be a radical
change.

Bibliography:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corte_de_cabello
http://cortesdecabello.com.mx/
CHAPTER 3
MANICURE
THE PERFECT MANICURE AND PEDICURE

A complete correct manicure treatment, following the following steps, will help
keep your nails cared for and complete the general appearance of each person. It
includes several different cosmetic preparations related to cleaning, preparation
and decoration.
It is not necessary that the

nails are long, super colored and wonderful, it is enough that they are well cared
for to complete the overall appearance. Easy to perform, a complete manicure is
attractive for yourself and others.
In addition to developing a protective function, nails represent the infallible and
unmistakable mirror of our state of health, personal care and our personality.
Therefore, in most cases, during job interviews, the hands are closely observed.
Bitten nails and archaic manicures denote abandonment and carelessness and
cause rejection. Nails are the calling card of our hands and with an hour a week
dedicated to their care, uncomfortable situations can be avoided. If they are well
cared for, they grow healthy, strong and beautiful; and over time they become long
and hard.
We recommend this manicure weekly for fragile and brittle nails and every 10-15
days for healthy nails, allowing the nails to breathe for a day or two between
manicures, in this way adequate monitoring of the nails will be provided, allowing
deformities to be revealed and corrected and improved. your appearance.
It is not necessary to do a complete manicure a week: once you have learned the
technique to treat nails and cuticles, ten minutes will be enough to have them in
order, as long as it is ideal for your look of the day to use this silver color, it is
perfect for all types of hair. skin, dare girls, it looks very pretty and different.
Pastel tones, pistachio and other green tones are some must-have colors for a
manicure. Emerald green was one of the most present colors, now pistachio is
gaining strength, it exists in matte and also shiny tones, either of which we can
use. Here are the examples of each color in a range of greens:

Bibliography:
http://www.actiweb.es/venusarmonia/manicure_y_pedicure.html
http://www.sedal.com.ec/manicure/

CHAPTER 4
PERMANENT TECHNIQUES
The perm technique first goes through a prior diagnosis, we must observe if the
hair is fine, thick, if it has traces of perm, dyeing, highlights, etc. After carrying out
the analysis and obtaining the diagnosis of the hair, we will make the right decision
to use the corresponding technique according to the need.
In addition, we will carry out an allergy test on the client beforehand.

For your look of the day it is ideal to use this silver color, it looks perfect on all skin
types, dare girls, it looks very pretty and different.
Pastel tones, pistachio and other green tones are some must-have colors for a
manicure. Emerald green was one of the most present colors, now pistachio is
gaining strength, it exists in matte and also shiny tones, either of which we can
use. Here are the examples of each color in a range of greens:

Bibliography:
http://www.actiweb.es/venusarmonia/manicure_y_pedicure.html
http://www.sedal.com.ec/manicure/

CHAPTER 4
PERMANENT TECHNIQUES
The perm technique first goes through a prior diagnosis, we must observe if the
hair is fine, thick, if it has traces of perm, dyeing, highlights, etc. After carrying out
the analysis and obtaining the diagnosis of the hair, we will make the right decision
to use the corresponding technique according to the need.
We will also carry out an allergy test on the client beforehand.

The exposure time varies depending on the case, it will have a lot to do with the
length of the hair, the type, the quality, and the texture and the condition.
Everything that we have listed above and in the case of the indirect perm, it is
important before performing it that the hair analysis is very exhaustive, since the
success of the perm will depend on this.
It is true that most professionals base it on the exposure time, but I always
recommend that it be more visual than by counting, since in this way we will
monitor the health of the hair, and an optimal result of the work we are doing. ,
(Don't forget that perms are saturated with foam).
THE TWO MOST IMPORTANT PROCESSES OF PERMANENT:
WAVE SOLUTION: with this solution the hair becomes soft and docile and quickly
acquires the shape of the roll to which it was wound.
NEUTRALIZATION: After the wave solution has been left for the time indicated by
the manufacturer, it is removed with plenty of water without removing the rollers or
curlers, the excess water is removed and the neutralizer is applied to set the curl or
wavy hair.
To apply the neutralizer, an applicator that comes with the perm is generally used
or by moistening the hair with a cotton ball, roll by roll. Before applying the perm
you should do a hair analysis to know the porosity, elasticity and the type of hair
you are going to curl. You should not apply the perm if the scalp has any irritation
or scratches, if the hair, even though it is natural, is damaged, if it has been applied

previous perm, if it has been processed with straightening, if it is bleached, unless

a perm appears for that type of hair.
The time to process a perm is cold depends on the following factors:
Texture, porosity and condition of the hair, The size of the curlers and the method
of locking the head for the perm, The type of solution used.
The proper use of curling irons helps to obtain the best results from any wave and
often the correct size is determined by the length of the hair, the texture and the
final style. Therefore the roll section determines the following way:
Thick Hair: You should make small sections and rolls of a longer diameter. If your
hair is thick and long and resistant, use smaller sections and small rolls.
Fine Hair: Use longer sections and rolls of one smaller diameter.
Dyed and Bleached Hair: Do fewer sections and larger rolls.
HOW TO APPLY THE PERMANENT:
You should wash your hair with a mild shampoo, even out the ends of your hair,
divide it into 9 sections, apply cream around the forehead, ear and nape of the
neck and also a cotton bandage.
Apply wave lotion to all hair according to product directions.
Subdivide each section and roll up, if the lotion runs, wipe immediately with cotton,
without rubbing the skin.
You should divide evenly, dividing each section well and with the hair straight
towards the stylist.
Then roll it completely and take it to the dryer, with a cap over the rolls and leave it
for the indicated time.
It is eliminated

the wave solution with plenty of water, remove the cap and remove excess water
with a towel.
Then the neutralizer is applied, and it is dried in the dryer for the necessary time. It
is removed with water, the hair is conditioned and normal curls are made.
In the perm process to know that it is good, the curl should have that "S" shape.
PERMANENT MATERIALS:
perm lotion
Neutralizing
Special protective papers
Curlers or perm rollers
Cotton
Plastic gloves.

CARE OF A PERMANENT
There are various warnings indicating how long one should wait before applying
shampoo to permed hair. Some stylists suggest waiting 24 hours, while others say
at least 3 days before applying it. The truth is that it depends on the type of hair
you have. Taking into account what the movie “Legally Blonde” says, “you will not
put the perm at risk if you wet your hair after 48 hours of doing it.” The rippling
lotion will have done its job and will have been neutralized if the process has been
done correctly.
However, getting a perm is a complex process and you should pay attention to how
your hair reacts to it. It's not a bad idea to give your hair a little break after a
treatment like this. Remember that the alkaline of the lotion applied has caused the
cuticle of your hair to lift and made it porous, which is why you will have the feeling
that it is dry and rough. To combat this it is advisable to use a

good shampoo and conditioner.

Shampoos and conditioners that produce a balance of acids are indicated and are
available from many brands. You can also take into account your stylist's opinion to
suggest a product that suits your hair type.
THE PERMANENT
According to history, the ancient Egyptians were the first people to perm their hair.
This was a very rudimentary method of curling. Thin braids of hair were wound on
logs filled with mud and sludge (which had alkalinity) and dried in the sun. They
were removed after 5 or 6 days, when the mud was completely dry, resulting in a
very tight and small curl (that lasted several weeks).
Throughout all the centuries, women never stop trying to use the most ingenious
means to curl hair, looking radiant and splendid.
Women since time immemorial discovered that hair was one of the most powerful
attractions to highlight their femininity and that is why they devised different shapes
for their hair, just as men had curlers.
The first real curl perm was discovered last century by wig creators, however it was
not applicable to human hair because the curls had to be boiled for several hours;
It was later discovered that the addition of alkali salts (borax) reduced the boiling
time considerably. The first wave performed in a beauty salon was based on the
spiral method, meaning hair was matted from the

roots to the tips.

However, we all know that the perm was created more than 100 years ago by the
German hairdresser Karl Nessler, who used his wife as a guinea pig and kept her
for 6 hours with more than 12 rollers on her head. Luckily, nowadays foundations
and perms have evolved, becoming one of the favorite hair solutions for many
women.
One of its clearest uses is to create perfect curls in women who, although they are
curly, do not have very defined waves, which causes their hair to lose shape and
become more of a tangle of hair.
Its objective is to obtain a long-lasting curl by applying chemical products that de-
structure the hair and then restructure it with the desired curls, waves or straight.
The tubes are used to give the shape and size to your curlers according to the
mold you choose: they are available to create closed, loose, flat-effect curls or
loops.
The permanent solution that is applied lifts the cuticle layer of the hair, breaking the
bonds that give it its regular appearance. It generally takes 1 to 2 hours to
complete. Then the neutralizer is applied, which forms the new bonds and provides
a new structure.
If you get artificial curls, it is recommended that you take into account the advice
given to you by your stylist, as many recommend not washing your hair until 48
hours after the process has been completed. However, everything will depend on
your hair type.
On October 8, 1906, German hairdresser Karl Nessler showed the world a
technology that would change

literally the shape of hair for the next century. After years of experimentation,
including two attempts that nearly incinerated his wife Katharina's hair, Nessler
finally perfected a chemical treatment that gave permanent curls to straight hair.

The patent that Nessler eventually received in 1909 described a process by which
hair was wrapped tightly around a metal roller, treated with sodium hydroxide, and
then heated for 10 minutes with cylindrical tongs that had previously been placed
over a flame of gas.
Nestle's invention became so popular that he was even called by wealthy women
in Paris who wanted the inventor himself to give them a perm.
By 1927, it already employed almost 500 people and sold thousands of home perm
machines annually (see left photo). In 1928 he sold his business and the patent for
$1.5 million. Before he finally lost much of his fortune in the stock market crash of
1929, he sent thousands of dollars and donated 34 tons of clothing to Todtnau to
alleviate the poverty caused by the rampant inflation and unemployment that hit
Germany at the beginning of the decade. from 1920.
Although the Nestle process was replaced with other techniques that used fewer
caustic chemicals and lower temperatures, the core of its vision (that no one with
straight hair has to remain that way forever, as long as they have the time and
money to avoid it) has remained. over decades of changing

trends and has survived many disdains.

The cold perm is a cold hair waving system that depends on chemical agents. No
color agent is used in it. The old beauty stylists are surprised by the new perms.
Nowadays we do not have to use anything hot or dangerous when doing a perm,
as it is very easy to apply. The rollers used for perms must be rolled, without
pulling the hair, and put papers on them for the ends, so that they do not suffer
from the use of the acids used. These rollers are called bigudies and must be
plastic or made of special wood. The hair is rolled according to its thickness. If it is
thick, it rolls less and if it is thin more, so that the wave looks natural. There are
different types of perms, depending on the type of hair. It is important to observe
the types of hair for the application of the perm: normal, dyed, bleached and fine
hair.
Today's perm is very different from what was used to be done several years ago,
although chemicals are still used to make the curl last, today you can do a perm
with dyed hair, different things can be achieved. types of curlers and that the hair is
not damaged.
The process to perform the perm consists of 2 stages. The first is the reduction
stage, where the waving liquid is placed on the hair, what it does is penetrate the
cuticle to modify its structure. At this moment, the rollers or curlers that meet the

mold function to give the hair the desired structure. This liquid is applied to the
rollers with the help of a cotton ball or applicator, avoiding touching the scalp. The
second stage is oxidation, basically this product acts exactly the opposite of the
previous one, closing the cuticle to make the new structure permanent and in this
way the curlers last over time. This last process in turn has 2 stages, in the first the
product is allowed to act on the rollers and then they are removed and the product
is applied again.
In total, the process to perform the perm lasts between 1 and 2 hours. This will
depend on the amount of hair, the size of the rollers chosen and the speed with
which the hairdresser or stylist works. After performing the perm, it is advisable not
to wash your hair for 48 hours and when doing so, use appropriate products. The
perm can last from 3 to 6 months.
There is not only one type of perm since you can choose the size and shape of the
curl you want and what it will be like. There are those who prefer that the curl start
from the root, others prefer that the curl start lower and for those who want to give
volume to the hair, the perm can be performed at the bottom of the hair. These are
some of the options that the perm allows us to do.
That is why it is very important that before getting a perm you have a chat with your
hairdresser to explain exactly how you like curlers. The ideal is to find a photo to
avoid bad

understood and that the curlers are too short or too high, etc.
It is also important to keep in mind that not all hair can be permed. Although
nowadays you can perm dyed hair, if the hair is very damaged, dry or discolored,
the chemicals in the perm can cause damage. spoil it even more. Additionally,
these products can cause allergies, causing irritation, itching or redness.
From what we have seen, the perm is an excellent solution for those who want to
have well-defined curls or waves or also give volume to the hair. However, it is
important to be clear about the look you are looking for, as well as to have it carried
out. by a professional to guarantee results.

PERMANENT STEP BY STEP

Step 1:
By sectioning the hair into four parts, the strands are lowered, giving the nape of
the neck a length of more or less 15 cm (1), then the sideburns will have to be cut
at the level of the nape of the neck (2).

Continue lowering strands slightly longer than the lower ones in the upper part of
the head (3). Finally, the front area must be cut at the straight level of the other
strands.
Step 2:

Leaving a part, we comb the hair in the desired way and place the tubes at the
ends, which will be given shape and volume without changing the upper area.
Step 3:

This cut is ideal for fine, flattened hair. In zone A, you start from a length of more
or less 7 cm at the forehead to reach 12 cm at the top, a point from which you must
begin a gradient that goes from 8 cm to 3 cm.

For the base to take better, it is important that this cut has very sharp and razor-
sharp tips.
Step 4:

The curlers will be placed alternately, leaving parts without curling, oriented
upward or with a lateral inclination, so that it can be combed without difficulty.
Bibliography:
http://www.wikilearning.com/curso_gratis/curso_de_peluqueria-
permanentes_ondulado/5979-1
http://www.spai-sons.com/pdfs/oq.pdf
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educaci%C3%B3n_permanente
http://www.enplenitud.com/como-hacer-una-permanente-paso-a-paso.html