Government of Nepal

Ministry of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation

Land Management Training Centre

Dhulikhel, Kavre

Project Report on
Network Analysis in Dhulikhel Municipality

JST 206: Geographic Information System (GIS) and Cartography

Submitted by:
Ishan Mishra, Roll no. 1
Keshab Shrestha, Roll no. 3
Rajeev Karki, Roll no. 11
Dhirendra K C, Roll no. 9

Junior Survey Training (Fresh) Course

Submitted to:
Er. Tina Baidar, Module Coordinator
Land Management Training Centre
Date of Submission: 6/18/2024
Table of Contents:

1 Introduction:.................................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction of GIS and Network analysis tools:....................................1
1.2 Objectives:...............................................................................................................1
1.3 Limitations:.............................................................................................................1
2 Methodology:................................................................................................................2
2.1 Study Area:..............................................................................................................2
2.2 Data Source:...........................................................................................................3
2.3 Data Work Flow:...................................................................................................3
2.3.1 Data Collection:..............................................................................................3
2.3.2 Data Preparation:..........................................................................................3
2.3.3 Topology check and repair:......................................................................4
2.3.4 Performing Network Analysis:................................................................5
3 Output and Analysis:...............................................................................................5
3.1 Output of Best route analysis:........................................................................6
3.2 Output of Closest Facility Analysis:..............................................................8
3.3 Output of New Service Area Analysis:.........................................................9
4 Conclusion:...............................................................................................................11
1 Introduction:

1.1 Introduction of GIS and Network analysis tools:

Geographic Information System (GIS) technology provides powerful

tools for network analysis, enabling the evaluation of transportation
systems, utility networks, finding shortest routes to various facilities and
services and many other infrastructural elements within the allocated
region. Network analysis is an operation in GIS which analyses the
datasets of geographic network or real world network. It focuses on
edge-node topology to represent real life networks of information. This
report represents the outputs of network analysis conducted on
Dhulikhel Municipality using GIS.

1.2 Objectives:

The primary objectives of this network analysis are:

 To assess the current transportation network within
Dhulikhel Municipality.
 To evaluate the accessibility of key services and facilities.
 To identify various routes to reach different services and
facilities.
 To perform shortest path analysis.
 To perform network partitioning operations.

1.3 Limitations:

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  Assumptions in Routing Algorithms: The algorithms used for
routing make assumptions that might not hold true in all
situations. For example, they always assume the shortest or
fastest route is always the best, which may not consider user
preferences or context-specific constraints.
 Data quality and availability: Accurate and up-to-date data are
crucial for network analysis. Incomplete, outdated, or incorrect
data can lead to inaccurate results. This is particularly
problematic in regions where data collection is less rigorous.
 Edge Connectivity and Topological Errors: Errors in the
connectivity of network edges (e.g. missing links, incorrect
connections) can lead to faulty analysis. Ensuring the
topological correctness of the network is essential but
challenging.

2 Methodology:

The network analysis was conducted using the following

methodology:

2.1 Study Area:

Dhulikhel, a municipality located in the Kavrepalanchowk District of

Nepal, is known for its rich cultural heritage, scenic beauty, and
significant potential for tourism and development. Effective urban
planning and infrastructure development are crucial for the sustainable
growth of this region.

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2.2 Data Source:
OSM data were collected from BBBike. It is a free site that allows a
user to extract areas from Planet.osm in OSM, CSV, text, Esri shapefile,
and many other file formats.

2.3 Data Work Flow:

Best
Route
Analys
is
Perfor
Topolo
ming Output
Data Data gy
Netwo
Collect Prepar check
rk
ion ation and
Analys
repair Closest
is
Facilit
y
Analys
is

2.3.1 Data Collection:

OSM data were collected from BBBike. Key Datasets included road
networks, locations of essential services (hospitals, schools, temples,
banks, hotels, markets, gas stations e.tc.).

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2.3.2 Data Preparation:

The data that was collected had errors in network connection

which was later corrected by joining the disconnected roads, omitting
irrelevant and small roads, e.t.c. by comparing the road layer with the
ArcGIS online base map. Now the data was prepared for further
processing.

2.3.3 Topology check and repair:

The downloaded datasets were saved within a geodatabase.

Topological errors were identified using the tool named error inspector.
The road networks which didn’t meet the rule i.e. the road network
mustn’t have dangles and must be larger than cluster tolerance, were
corrected.

Figure 1Topology corrected layer

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2.3.4 Performing Network Analysis:

Following network analysis was done:

2.3.4.1 Best Route Analysis:
The best route analysis tool in network analysis within a
Geographic Information System is used to determine the most
efficient path between set of points on a network, such as roads,
railways, or pipelines. In our context, we provided road data along
with its length, temple and bus stop that was later used by the tool
to identify the optimal route based on specific criteria.

2.3.4.2 Closest Facility Analysis:

The closest facility analysis tool in network analysis within a
Geographic Information System helps in identifying the shortest,
fastest, or cost-effective path to reach a facility from various
locations. In our context, we provided road data along with its
length, hospital and bus stop that was later used by the tool to
identify the shortest path to reach the hospital from different bus
stops.

2.3.4.3 New Service Area Analysis

The location-allocation tool in network analysis within a
Geographic Information System allows us to determine and
visualize the service area around a specific location or set of
locations based on travel time or road distance.

3 Output and Analysis:

Following are the output of our project:

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3.1 Output of Best route analysis:
The following image provides best route for anyone willing to
reach the temples of Dhulikhel municipality starting from Dhulikhel
bus stop.

Figure 2Best route analysis_1

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 If the road section are altered by any obstacles then the following
route is best suited:

Figure 3Best route analysis_2

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3.2 Output of Closest Facility Analysis:
The following figure shows the shortest and fastest route to reach
Dhulikhel hospital from different Bus stops in Dhulikhel
municipality:

Figure 4Closest Service Analysis

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3.3 Output of New Service Area Analysis:
The following image shows us the service coverage of different
banks in different locations of Dhulikhel municipality:

Figure 5Service Area Analysis_1

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 From the analysis above we also determined where the new bank
could be opened for harmonious distribution of bank service within
Dhulikhel Municipality which is shown by following image:

Figure 6Service Area Analysis_2

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4 Conclusion:
Network analysis using GIS tools has proven invaluable in
understanding and optimizing spatial relationships and accessibility
within Dhulikhel municipality by employing tools such as the "Best
Route" for reaching different temples, “Closest Service Area” for
determining the closest hospital from various bus stops, and “New
Service Area” for defining new service areas for banking facilities.

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