PERSEVERANCE IS THE KEY TO SUCCESS 10TH ENGLISH MEDIUM SOCIAL SCIENCE NOTES-2024-25 DIGITAL SOCIAL SCIENCE

Ghalib High School,

Cantonment, Ballari. 583104

TH
10 ENGLISH MEDIUM
SUB: SOCIAL SCIENCE
EXERCISE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
BOARD PAPERS
MARCH 2015 TO MARCH 2024
CHAPTER WISE QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
2024-25

Prepared by:
M. Ruksana
Asst. Teacher
Ghalib High School,
Cantonment, Ballari. 583104
M:9742078912

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HISTORY:1
THE ADVENT OF EUROPEANS TO INDIA

I. Complete the following blanks with suitable answers:

1. In 1453, the Ottoman Turks occupied ……………………...…. (Constantinople)

2. The sea route between India and Europe was discovered by ………………….. (Vasco da
Gama)
3. In 1741 Dutch declared war on .......................... (Travancore)
4. The capital of the French in India was ……………………. (Pondichery)
5. The war broke out between Siraj-ud-daula and Robert Clive in 1757 was
…………………. (Plassey)
6. The Diwani rights over Bengal were handed over to the British by …………….(Sha Aalam-
II)
7. The Dual government policy was implemented by ……………… in Bengal. ( Robert Clive)

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following questions:

8-How did trade take place between India and Europe during Middle Ages?
Answer: Trade and commerce relationship between India and Europe since ancient times.
There was great demand for Indian spices like Pepper, Cardamom, Ginger and many other
spices in Europe
The trade relationship continued between India, Europe and other Asian countries even
during middle ages.

9- Discuss the causes that resulted in the discovery of a new sea route to India.
Answer: Fall of Constantinople.
Closer of trade route between India & Europe.
Demand for Indian spices.
Scientific inventions

10-List the Europeans who came to India for trade.

Answer: The Portuguese.
The Dutch.
The English.
The French.

11-Explain how Marthanda Varma checked the Dutch?

Answer: In 1741 the Dutch declared war on Travancore with Kottarakara province in the
forefront.
Some of the local provinces also joined the Dutch.
But Marthanda Varma's army strongly sent it back.
The Dutch came back to kochin but with the help of Simhalese forces the Dutch attacked
Marthanda Varma.

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Four days serious battle took place from 10th August 1741 at Kolachchal.
Finally, Travancore army had an upperhand in the battle and 24 important officers of the
Dutch were taken as prisoners.
The Dutch suffered huge losses

12-Explain the Second Carnatic War.

Answer: Fought between French & English.
Internal rivalry among Indian rulers is cause of the war.
French killed Arcot ruler & made Chanda Sahib as its ruler.
Robert Clive attacked Arcot killed Chand Saheb.
British made Mohammed Ali as the Nawab of Arcot.
War ended with Treaty of Pondicherry

13- State the causes and results of the battle of Plassey.

Answer:
causes results
1.Misuse of Dastaks. It was a license to 1.The war brought out immorality lack
make trade . This was lead to loss of of Unity among Indians. This was the
treasury greed of business
2.Mending of fort without permission. 2. Mir Jafar became the new Nawab of
English repaired Calcutta Fort and placed Bengal 3.The company gained exclusive
cannons rights on Bengal
3.Black room tragedy. 4. Mir Jafar had to play 17 crore 70
Nawab of Bengal imprisoned 146 lakh as a relief to Sairaj uddoul attack
Englishman in small room of Fort William of 5. Mir Jafar became a victim of the
which 123 died due to suffocation this company and treasury went bankrupt
enraged Robert Clive to arrive Bengal.

14- What were the results of the Battle of Buxar?

Answer: Mir Qasim defeated by British
Sha Aalam-II handed over the Diwani rights to British
With the death of Mir Jafar the company took over the entire administration of Bengal.
Dual government was introduced by Robert Clive in Bengal.

March:2015
1-Explain Dual Government of Robert Clive.
Answer: i) Due to Diwani rights English were collecting land revenue.
ii) Other administrative functions were collection by Nawab

2-What made Europeans discover new sea route to India?

Answer: i) The new Scientific Instrument like the Compass, gun powder, naval equipment,
map etc.
ii) The stories, the eagerness of missionaries’ programmes.

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iii) Trade routes were closed.

June 2015
1-What made Europeans discover New Sea route to India?
Answer: New Scientific Instruments, the stories were being told, eagerness of missionaries
for procelytization. Closer of Land & Sea routes.

2-What are the results of the battle of Plassey?

Answer: Mirzafar who helped the British was nominated as the Nawab of Bengal.
British got the zamindari right over the 24 paraganas. English became powerful.
Siraj-ud-Daula has defeated.

March 2016
1- “Scientific developments led to sea voyages.” Justify this statement.
Answer: i) Compass
ii) Gun powder
iii) Naval equipment
iv) Maps. Use of these scientific instruments made sea voyages easy.

June 2016
1- “Scientific developments led to sea voyages.” Justify this statement.
Answer: i) Compass, gunpowder ii) Naval equipment, maps.

March 2017
1-Explain the system of Dual Government.
Answer: i) Robert Clive introduced it
ii) It was introduced in Bengal
iii) British got the Diwani (land revenue collecting) rights
iv) Administrative functions were carried out by Nawab.

June 2017
1-What are the effects of the battle of Plassey?
Answer: i) Siraj-ud-Daula the Nawab of Bengal was defeated.
ii) Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal.
iii)The British got the Zamindari right over the 24 Parganas and became all powerful.

March 2018
1-Which were the factors that helped Europeans to discover new sea route to India?
Answer: — Capture of Constantinople by Turks
— Closure of land route
— Trade monopoly of Italy to be checked
— Encouragement of European countries to sea voyages
— Scientific development
— Stories about the wealth of Eastern nations
— Eagerness of missionaries.

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2- What were the results of Battle of Buxar ?

Answer: — Defeat of confederate army of Shuja-ud-Daula, Shah Alam and Mir Qasim by
the British.
— British acquired Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
— Shah Alam granted Diwani Rights to the British.
— Robert Clive introduced Dual Government in Bengal.

March 2019
1- The battle of Buxar had helped the British to get many benefits. Substantiate.
Answer: — Secured ‘Diwani rights’
— Got all the rights over Bengal
— Got 50 Lakh from Nawab as war expenditure
— Took over the entire administration of Bengal
— Secured right of revenue collection through Dual Government.

June 2019
1-The merchants who monopolised trade among European nations are
(A) Italian merchants
(B) Arab merchants
(C) French merchants
(D) Indian merchants.
Answer: (A) — Italian merchants
2-How did the British establish their political power to protect their interest in India ?
Answer: Dual government.

March2020
1-In 1453 the City of Constantinople was captured by
(A) the Arabs (B) the Ottoman Turks
(C) the Italians (D) the Portuguese.
Answer: (B) — Ottoman Turks

2- Who implemented ‘dual government’ in Bengal?

Answer: Robert Clive.

September 2020
1-What factors made the Europeans to discover a new sea route to India?
Answer: — Ottoman Turks captured constantinople
— Spain and Portugal were attempting to break the monopoly of Italian traders
— Kings started encouraging enterprising sailors to find a new sea route to India
— New Scientific inventions.

March 2022
1-The sea route between India and Europe was discovered by

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(A) Columbus (B) Vasco-da-Gama

(C) Almeida (D) Albuquerque.
Answer: (B) Vasco-da-Gama.

March 2022
1-What were the results of the battle of Buxar ?
Answer: — Diwani Rights over Bengal to the British
— Shah Alam II gave away, rights over Bengal for annual 26 lakhs
— The Nawab of Awadh paid a fine of Rs. 50 lakhs
— Company paid pension to Mir Jaffar’s son.

June 2022
1-Mention the results of the Battle of Buxar.
Answer: — Diwani Rights
— 26 lakhs rupees and all the rights over Bengal
— 50 lakhs rupees — war indemnity
— Entire administration over Bengal to Company
— Mir Jaffer’s son was pensioned off.

March 2023
1-State the results of the battle of Buxar.
Answer: — Diwani rights over Bengal was given
— Shah Alam-II granted for an annual fee of Rupees 26 Lakhs
— War indemnity of 50 Lakhs to be paid by Shuja-ud-daula
— Pension to Mir Jaffar’s son
— Entire administration over Bengal to British.

June 2023
1-Mention the causes and results of the battle of Plassey?
Answer: Reasons:
Misuse of Dastaks
Mending of fort without permission
Black room tragedy
Outcomes:
Brought out the immorality
Lack of unity
Greed of businessmen
Mir Jaffar became the Nawab
Exclusive rights of trade
War indemnity
Rupees seventeen crores and fifty lakhs indemnity

March 2024
1- What were the effects of the battle of Buxar on East India Company?

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Answer: — Diwani rights over Bengal to the East India Company

— Shah Alam II gave away all the rights over Bengal to the British for 26 lakhs
— Shuja-ud-Daula had to pay war indemnity of Rupees 50 lakhs to company
— Company took over the administration of Bengal
— British become the real holders of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha
— Dual Government
— British protect their business interest
— Political control

HISTORY:2
THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers:

1. At the end of First Anglo-Maratha war, …………………… agreement was signed between
the Marathas and the British. (Salbai)
2. The Subsidiary Alliance system was implemented by …………………………… (Lord Wellesley)
3. The Governor General who integrated Punjab in to the British empire was ……………………
(Lord Dalhousie)
4. The Doctrine of Lapse policy was implemented by ……………… (Lord Dalhousie)

II. Discuss in group and then answer the following:

5- Explain the reasons for First Anglo-Maratha War.

Answer: Narayanrao he was murdered by his uncle Raghobha (Ragunatha Rao).
This resulted in the infighting for the Peshwa post.
The Maratha federation brought MadhavRao II son of Narayana Rao to the post of
Peshwa.
Upset with this development, Raghobha approached the British for support

6- What were the conditions under Subsidiary Alliance? Explain.

Answer: Indian King had to keep the British Army in his kingdom.
King had to pay maintenance charges.
King had to keep a British Resident in his Court.
King could not appoint any other European without the permission of the British.
To enter any agreement or pact with any Indian rulers, the king must take permission of
the Governor General.
Company’s protection to the king from internal & or external attack

7. Explain the Third Anglo-Maratha War.

Answer: Reasons:
1) The Maratha families tried their best to protect their independence and honour.
2) Even the Peshwa attempted to free himself from the clutches of the Company.
3) The Peshwa attacked the British Residency in Poona and brunt it down.

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Effects:
1) The British abolished the Peshwa post and granted a pension to BajiRao II.
2) They installed Pratapa simha, the descendant of Shivaji as the ruler of Satara,
3) a miniscule state, and named him as the traditional leader of Marathas
4) suppressed the Maratha resistance.

8. How did the Doctrine of Lapse support the expansion of British Empire in India?
Answer: Doctrine of lapse was an expansionist policy.
Dalhousie declared adopted children of Indian Kings had no right to throne.
Dalhousie successfully annexed many kingdoms.
Dalhousie annexed Satara, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Jhansi, Jaipur

9. Which were the states that came under the Doctrine of Lapse policy?
Answer: Satara, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Jhansi, Jaipur.

March:2015
The Governor General who introduced Subsidiary Alliance is
Lord Curzon (B) Lord Dalhousie (C) Lord Wellesley (D) Lord Cornwallis.
Answer: C — Lord Wellesley

June 2018
1-The British Governor General who introduced Subsidiary Alliance is
(A) Warren Hastings (B) Lord Wellesley
(C) Lord Dalhousie (D) Lord Cornwallis.
Answer: B — Lord Wellesley

March 2019
1- How did Subsidiary Alliance control Indian provinces ?
Answer: — Keep the British army in his kingdom
— Bear the expenses of the army and wages of soldiers
— Having a British Resident in his court
— Permission to appoint Europeans
— Permission to sign agreement or pact.

June 2019
1-The Governor General who introduced Doctrine of Lapse is
(A) Lord Wellesley
(B) Lord Cornwallis
(C) Lord Dalhousie
(D) Lord William Bentinck.
Answer: (C) — Lord Dalhousie

2-How did the British expand their empire during Wellesley’s period?
Answer: Maratha, Mysore states have become weak

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Subsidiary Alliance
Waging war against new states
Direct administration of the state
Some states were controlled by the British.

3-What were the effects of Anglo-Sikh wars?

Answer: Lahore Agreement
British Resident became the De facto ruler of Punjab
Merged the State of Punjab with the British empire.

March 2020
1- How could the British place Indian states under their control through Subsidiary
Alliance?
Answer: — Keep the British army
— Bear the expenses / wages of army
— appoint a British Resident
— Not to appoint any other Europeans
— Permission from the Governor General for any agreement/pact.

September 2020
1-The war that ended with the treaty of Salbai was
(A) Second Anglo-Maratha War
(B) Second Anglo-Sikh War
(C) First Anglo-Maratha War
(D) First Anglo-Mysore War.
Answer: (C) — First Anglo-Maratha War

2-Hyderabad Province had to keep a British contingent in its province after 1798. Why?
Answer: Nizam of Hyderabad had signed subsidiary Alliance.

March 2022
1-Why did Wellesley resign to his post and return to England?
Answer: Wellesley’s battle-thirstiness increased the financial burden on the Company.

2-What were the conditions of Subsidiary Alliance ?

Answer: — British army in Indian Kingdom
— Expences and wages of army belonged to the concerned state
— Appointment of Resident
— Could not appoint other Europeans
— Any agreement / pact needed Governor General’s permission
— Internal / external protection by the Company.

June 2022
1-The one who became the Peshwa after the First Anglo-Maratha War was

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(A) Narayana Rao

(B) Madhav Rao II
(C) Nana Phadnavis
(D) Raghunath Rao.
Answer: (B) Madhav Rao II

2-Who implemented the Subsidiary Alliance?

Answer: Wellesley

March 2023
1-The first princely state to accept subsidiary alliance is
(A) Nawab of Awadh (B) Nawab of Junagadh
(C) Nizam of Hyderabad (D) Sindhia of Gwalior
Answer: (C) Nizam of Hyderabad

2-Why did Wellesley introduce Subsidiary Alliance ?

Answer: To bring the Indian kings under control.

June 2023
1-1 The Treaty that ended II Anglo-Maratha War is
(A) Salbai Agreement
(B) Lahore Agreement
(C) Bassein Agreement
(D) Madras Agreement
Answer: (C) Bassein Agreement.

2-What were the results of third Anglo- Maratha war?

Answer: Abolished the Peshwa post
Granted pension to Peshwa
Pratapa-Simha-Satara state
Surrendered Baji Rao II
Suppressed Maratha
Surrendered Peshwa of Maratha

3-What were the terms to be followed by the states accepting Subsidiary Alliance?
Answer: Keep the British army
Bear the expenses of the army
The wages of soldier
Appointed a British Resident
Could not appoint European without the permission
Agreement pact the permission of Governor General
internal, external aggression.

March 2024

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1- Punjab was merged into the British empire by

(A) Dalhousie
(B) Wellesley
(C) Robert Clive
(D) Cornwallis
Answer: (A) Dalhousie

2-Why did Wellesley resign from his post and return to England?
Answer: — Battle thirstiness increased the financial burden on the company
— On being criticised

HISTORY:3
THE IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA

Fill in the following blanks with suitable answers:

1. Diwani Adalat in civil court was introduced by ......................(Lord Warren Hastings)

2. The post of Superintendent of Police was created by …………….( Lord Cornwallis)
3. The Permanent Zamindari system was introduced in Bengal and Bihar provinces in
………… ( 1793)
4. The Land tax system introduced by Alexander Reed is ……….………(Ryotwari system)
5. The report given by ……………….. became the base of modern education system. (Warren
Hastings)
6. The Regulating Act was implemented in the year………………………(1773)

II. Discuss and answer the following questions:

7-Illustrate the judicial system formulated through East India Company.

Answer: A) Diwani Adalat :- It is a Civil Court which Hindus were dispensed justice as per
the Hindu scriptures and Muslims as per shariyat these courts came under the
administration of European offices.
B) Fouzadaari Aadalat :- It is a criminal court under the control of Qajis they were
functioning under the supervision of European offices later British legal procedures were
introduced in the criminal courts.

8. What are the measures undertaken at the time of the British in Police system?
Answer: Every district divided into many stations.
Every station under control of Kotwal.
Every village are under the care of Chowkidhar.
The police commission law was also introduced.

9. British land tax system made the Indian farmers to “born in debt, lived in debt and died
in debt”. How?
Answer: In this system farmers lost their ownership of lands.

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Zamindar collected excess taxes from farmers.

Farmers have to work under Zamindars.
Farmers are exploited and had to live a life of insecurity because we say the Indian farmers
were born in Debt, lived in Debt and died Debt

10. What were the main aspects of Ryotwari system?

Answer: First implemented in Bara mahal region by Alexander Reed
2. Later implemented in Madras and Mysore region by Thomas Monroe
3. Under this system, both the farmer and the company were directly linked.
4. The tiller of the land was recognized as the owner of the land.
5. The owner had to pay fifty percent of produce as land tax to the company
6. The land tax had thirty years tenure.
7. The tax could be reviewed after this tenure.

11. What were the effects of British Land taxes?

Answer: A new class of Zamindars who exploited the farmers was created.
2. The farmers are exploited by the Zamindars, became landless slowly.
3. Land became a commodity.
4. Loans could be raised by mortgaging the lands.
5. The Agriculture sector became commercialized
6. Had to grow raw materials needed by industries back in England.
7. The money lenders became strong

12. Make a list of the effects of British Education in India.

Answer: Indians could develop modernity, secularism, democratic attitudes
2. Rationality along with Nationalistic ideals.
3. Impetus was received for the local literature and languages.
4. This facilitated unity in thinking process among the educated class.
5. Periodicals started emerging.
6. New social and religious reformation movements emerged.
7. The thoughts of thinkers brought fresh thinking in the mind of educated youth of India.
8. The freedom struggles that were taking place in Indians also

13. What were the restrictions imposed in Regulating Act?

Answer: The Bengal Presidency gain control over the other presidencies.
The governor general was authorised to direct exercise control and supervise other
presidencies.
Supreme Court of judicature was established in Calcutta.
Lord Warren Hastings become the first governor general of Bengal

14.What are the important features of the Indian government act of 1858?
Answer: The license of East India Company was cancelled
India was brought under the direct administration of the Queen.
The Governor General was designated as ‘Viceroy’.

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A new post called ‘Secretary of State for India’ was created.

A Council of India was created in order to assist the secretary

15. How does the India Government Act of 1935 become the base of Indian Constitution?
Answer: most of provisions in the Indian Constitution are based on this act.
This act alone the formation of the fully responsible government by Indians.
A federal system of Indian principalities British Governed regions and Dominion States was
formed.
The federal court was established

16. What are the important features of 1919 Act?

Answer: Act formulated Bi-Cameral legislative body.
Diarchy was introduced at regional governments.
High commissioner was appointed for India.
Promised to improve local self-government.
Provincial budget was separated from central budget.
‘Separate Electoral College’ was extended for Muslims, Sikhs etc

March:2015
How is Ryotwari System different from Zamindari System?
Answer:
Zamindari System Ryotwari System
1.Introduced in Bengal, Bihar and 1.Introduced in Madras, Mumbai, Sindh,
Orissa Bihar, Assam
2.The landlords had to collect a fixed 2.The farmers acquired right to ownership
amount from the farmer 3.Pay tax based on the area of land
3.Farmers suffered due to exploitation 4.Farmers fail to pay tax, they lost the
and landlord leads luxurious life rights to the land.

June 2015
1-The Government of India Act of 1935 became an important document in independent
India. Why?
Answer: It become the basis for the Constitution of India that was framed for Independent
India.

2-How did the Education play a role in bringing new awareness among Indians?
Answer:  Western education as a result aware about Western thinking developed
 Systematic education
 Universities
 Developed education inspired the freedom struggle
 Western thoughts leads awareness of Nationalism
 Leadership qualities gained movement
 English language unite the people

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 Literature progress in regional languages.

March 2016
1-The Government of India Act of 1935 is considered as an important document, because it
(A) introduced bicameral governments in provinces
(B) appointed Board of control
(C) formed separate electoral constituencies based on religion
(D) led to the creation of a federal structure in the country.
Answer: D — led to the creation of a federal structure in the country.

2-Mention the reforms brought about by the British in the field of Education.
Answer: i) Introduction of systematic education.
ii) Foundation laid for English education by William Bentinck.
iii) Teaching of western literature, humanities and science.
iv) Calcutta, Bombay, Madras — Universities
v) Priority was given for Primary education
vi) Establishment of Public Education Department.
vii) Lord Curzon worked for the progress of education.

March 2017
1-One of the main features of the Regulating Act is (A) it led to the creation of a federal
structure (B) formation of religion based electoral constituencies (C) establishment of
Supreme Court (D) bicameral Government system was introduced in provinces.
Answer: C — establishment of Supreme Court.

June 2017
1-The Minto-Morley Reforms of 1909 led to the partition of India. How?
Answer: Introducing a separate electoral constituency based on religion.

2- “The British rule had major impacts on the field of Indian education.” Justify.
Answer: i) Introduced systematic education
ii) William Bentinck laid the foundation for English education
iii) Teaching of western literature and modern sciences
iv) Universities in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay
v) Priority to primary education
vi) Department of Public Instruction
vii) Literature progressed in provincial languages
viii) Reforms in educational field by Lord Curzon.

March 2018
1-The Minto-Morley Reforms of 1909 laid the foundation for the partition of India because
it
(A) abolished the Dual Government
(B) established a Board of Control

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(C) nominated Indians to the working committee

(D) formed a separate electoral constituency based on religion.
Answer: D — formed a separate electoral constituency based on religion.

2-Explain how the land revenue system of the British affected the Indian farmers.
Answer: — British introduced Zamindari system, Ryotwari system and Mahalwari system
— In Zamindari system the right to the land ownership was taken away from the farmers
— Land tax was fixed based on the area of land
— Zamindars collected more tax and exploited farmers
— In Ryotwari system farmers lost the rights to the land, when they failed to pay the tax
— Government had the authority to dispose of the land
— All land disputes were to be settled in courts
— In Mahalwari system Mahaldars collected more tax and exploited farmers
— The objective of all these systems was exploitation of farmers and amassing wealth.

June 2018
1- Development in Education and Journalism led to the freedom struggle in India. Explain.
Answer: Education :
i) Western thoughts — National awareness
ii) Leadership qualities
iii) English language enabled the unity
iv) Provincial literature flourished

Journalism :
i) Origin of journalism synonymous with freedom struggle
ii) Created awareness
iii) Questioned the functioning of the Government
iv) Reflected the thinking of the people
v) Collective voice of the people
vi) Nationalistic attitude — Soma Prakash, Amrita Bazar Patrika, The Bengali.

March 2019
1- The reason to create ‘Separate Electorate College’ in 1909 was to
(A) provide separate representation for Muslims
(B) create separate constituency for Europeans
(C) provide separate representation for Sikhs
(D) reserve some seats for Christians
Answer: (A) — provide separate representation for Muslims

2-The British education system created a new generation of Indians with progressive
attitudes. Justify.
Answer: — Nationalistic ideals were developed.
— Local literature and languages were developed
— Periodicals started emerging

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— New social and religious reformation movements emerged

— Fresh thinking in the minds of educated Indians
— Influenced the Freedom struggle
— Helped to understand rich tradition.

June 2019
How did the land revenue system affect the Indian farmers?
Answer: • A new class of zamindars who exploited the farmers was created
Landless farmers and critical condition
Land became commodity, loans could be raised by mortgaging the lands
many zamindars also had to mortgage their lands in order to pay the land taxes
Agriculture became commercialised to grow raw materials needed by industry.

March 2020
1- “The new thinking and perception emerged because the British Education created a new
generation of Indians.” How?
Answer: — Developed modernity, secularism, democratic attitude, rationality,
Nationalistic ideals
— Impetus to local literature / languages
— Periodicals
— Social / religious reformation movements
— Fresh thinking
— Influence of freedom struggles across the world
— Appreciation for their rich tradition.

September 2020
1-British Revenue system affected Indian Agriculture. Substantiate.
Answer: — A new class of Zamindars was created
— The farmers became landless slowly
— Land became a commodity
— Many Zamindars had to mortgage their lands
— Agriculture sector became commercialized
— Money lenders became strong
— Farmers and Agricultural labourers did not get regular works
— Farmers were born in debt, lived in debt and died in debt
— Tax was paid more than they produce in farms
— Had to pay tax even during droughts and floods.

March 2022
1-What were the impacts of British Education in India ?
Answer: — Nationalistic ideals
— Impetus to local literature / languages
— Periodicals
— Social / religious reformation

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— Fresh thinking
— Influence of the freedom struggles across the globe
— Appreciation to the rich cultural traditions.

June 2022
How did the British Education impact on Indians ?
Answer: — Development of modernity, secularism, democratic attitudes,
rationality, nationalistic ideas
— Local literature — languages
— Periodicals
— Social and religious reformation movements
— Fresh thinking
— Influence of freedom struggles
— Understanding rich tradition.

March 2023
1-“The British used Indian Council Act of 1909 to divide and rule India.” Justify.
Answer: — The total number of central legislative members was increased
— The number of council members was also increased in the provinces
— The members for the legislature were allowed through election
— Separate representation for Muslims
— Separate Electorate College was created.

June 2023
1-British education brought effects on Indians. Justify
Answer: Modernity in Indians
Thought of secularism
Democratic attitudes
Scientifically thinking systems
Nationalistic ideals
Impetus to local literature
Impetus to Indian Languages
Facilitated the unity
Created the educational classes
Scrutinized the working of government
New social reform movement
Religioous movement
Critical opinions of various issues
Patriotism and nationalism development

March 2024
1- Explain the impact of British Education in India.
Answer: — Developed Modernity, Secularism, Democratic attitudes, Rationality,
Nationalistic ideals

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— Support to local literature and languages

— Unity in thinking
— Periodicals started
— Critical opinions
— Social and religious reformation movements emerged
— J. S. Mill, Rousseau, Montesquieu brought fresh thinking
— Global freedom struggle influenced Indians
— Indians could understand their rich tradition
— Created new generation.

HISTORY:4
OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA AND WODIYARS OF MYSORE

Fill in the blanks with suitable answers

1. The First Anglo-Mysore war took place between ………………….. and ……………….. (Hyder
Ali and British)
2. The Second Anglo-Mysore war ended with ……………………treaty. (Mangalore treaty)
3. Raja wodiyar made ................ as his capital. (Srirangapattana)
4. Kittur Rani Chennamma adopted a boy named …………………. ( Shiva Lingappa)
5. Rayanna of Kittur state belonged to ………………………..village. (Sangoli)
6. Surapura is in the present district of …………………….. (Yadgir)
7. The Bedas of ………………………..village of Bagalkote district rebelled against the British.(
Hulagali)
8. The Amara Sullia rebellion was basically a ………………………. rebellion. (Farmer’s)

II. Discuss in groups and answer later

9.What are the achievements of Chikkadevaraja wodiyar?

Answer: He was an efficient soldier and administator.
He captured Magadi, Madhugiri, Koratagere and other places.
He had the titles like Karnataka Kavichakravarthi, Aprathima veera, Thenkanaraja and
Navakoti Narayana.
He started the council of ministers (Athara Kacheri) to help in administration.
The postal system came into being during his time.
A dam was constructed across river cauvery and Chikka Devaraja and Dodda Devaraja
Canal were also constructed for irrigation.

10. How did Hyder Ali come to power?

Answer: Hyder joined Mysore Army as a soldier.
Closely observed the developments of Mysore.
Came into prominence during the siege of Devanahalli.
Hyder made military action against Nizam of Arcot.
Hyder won the hearts of soldiers.

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Weakened the power of Dalawayees.

He declared himself as Sultan of Mysore.
Side-lined the King Krishnaraja Wodeyar

11. What were the effects of Second Anglo-Mysore war?

Answer: Hyder Ali was defeated & died.
It increased the confidence of the British.
British occupied Mangalore and Bidanoor.
The ‘Treaty of Mangalore’ signed.

12. What were the conditions of Srirangapatanam treaty?

Answer: The British were successful in inserting unfavourable conditions in order to
weaken Tippu Sultan.
Tippu was forced to part with half of his kingdom, was forced to pay three crore rupees as
war damage fee
and had to pledge two of his sons as a guarantee against the payment.

13.The Fourth Anglo Mysore strengthened the position of the British in Mysore. Discuss.
Answer: British were able to destroy Tippu. Tippu died while fighting.
Tippu’s kingdom was portioned among the British, Marathas & Nizam.
A small territory was handed over to the Mysore Wadeyars.
Wellesley imposed subsidiary alliance over Mysore kingdom

14. What were the achievement of Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV?

Answer: He was very much interested in spreading education among his people.
He abolished fees in all primary schools to develop primary education.
He helped girl’s education.
He started the university of Mysore and also started scholarship to the students continuing
education in foreign countries.
New railway lines were laid. Many small- and large-scale industries were started.
Legislative council was formed which was a great step in the Legislative measures
Mahatma Gandhiji called him as Rajashri

7.Explain the method of resisting the British power by Dondiya Wagh.

Answer: 1) Dondiya was born in a Maratha family of Chennagiri.
2) He was called as the Wagh, the tiger, due to his bravery.
3) He started his career as a cavalry soldier in Hyder Ali‟s army
4) He grew to the position of military general.
5) He built his own private army and fought along with Tippu Sultan.
6) The British released him from the prison after the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.
7) He built a small army and started his operations.
8) He organized the army with the unhappy soldiers of Tippu‟s army and the feudatory
rulers who had lost power.
He captured Bidanoor and Shivamogga forts

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16.Explain the method adopted by Rayanna to fight the British.

Answer: 1) Rayanna was a brave soldier.
2) He fought for the independence of Kittur and felt it was his duty to liberate his
motherland.
3) He fought with Rani Chenamma and was imprisoned along with her
4) He developed a sense of nationalism and went on organizing an army.
5) He went on organizing secret meetings at sensitive geographical locations.
6) He aimed at looting the treasury and taluk offices of the British.
7) He had an army of five hundred men.
8) The British devised a cunning strategy to capture Rayanna
9) Rayanna was cunningly captured and brought down to Dharwad
10) He was declared as an offender and was hanged till death

17. Explain the contributions of Puttabasappa of Kodagu in the freedom struggle.

Answer: Puttabasappa was also known as Kalyana Swamy and Swamy Aparampura.
Putta Basappa organised the Rebels
He declared that tax on tobacco and salt will be withdrawn.
He captured the government office in Bellary.
He killed an Amaldhar and also looted the treasury and prison of Bantwal.

18. Discuss the Surapura rebellion in brief

Answer: Venkatappa Nayaka was a leader of Surpur rebellion.
British interfered in the affairs of Surapura.
In 1857, the representatives of Nana Sahib were present in Surapura.
British suspected & appointed Campbell to report about Venkatappa Nayaka.
Campbell submitted a report to the resident of Hyderabad.
The British army captured Surapura in 1858.

June 2015
1-The English were forced to sign the Madras Peace Treaty. Why?
Answer: British having allied with Marathas and Nizam of Hyderabad attacked Hyder Ali of
Mysore.
But Hyder Ali became successful in wooing the support of Marathas and the Nizam of
Hyderabad. By this English were forced to sign ‘The Madras Peace Treaty’.

June 2016
1-What are the terms of the ‘Treaty of Srirangapatnam’ ?
Answer: i) Tipu had to forfeit half of his kingdom.
ii) Rs. 330 lakhs of war compensation
iii) Two of his sons were taken hostage.

June 2017
1- What are the terms of the ‘Treaty of Srirangapatna’ ?

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Answer: i) Tipu had to forfeit half of his kingdom to the British.

ii) He had to pay 330 lakh ruppes as war compensation.
iii) Two of his sons were taken hostage by the English.

March 2018
1- Why do we remember Mysore Wodeyars ?
Answer: — Yaduraya — Krishnaraya — founders
— Raja Wodeyar — Captured Srirangapattana and made capital of Mysore
— Kanteerava Narsaraja and Chikka Devaraja Wodeyars
— expanded and all-round development
— Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV
— Ramarajya and most progressive among native states.

June 2018
1- The Madras Peace Treaty was inevitable for British. Why?
Answer: i) Alliance of the British, the Nizam of Hyderabad and Marathas.
ii) Attack on Hyder Ali
iii) Hyder Ali succeeded in wooing the support of the Marathas, Nizam.
iv) Hyder Ali having confronted the British as far as Madras.

March 2019
1- The reason to create ‘Separate Electorate College’ in 1909 was to
(A) provide separate representation for Muslims
(B) create separate constituency for Europeans
(C) provide separate representation for Sikhs
(D) reserve some seats for Christians
Answer: (A) — provide separate representation for Muslims.

June 2019
1-Why did the British develop hatredness against Tipu ?
Answer: He tried to break the monopoly of British over trade.

2-Why did the Bedas of Halagali fight against the British?

Answer: For banning weapons (against Arms Act)

3-Explain the revolt against British at Kittur.

Answer: • Kittur kingdom under the Doctrine of Lapse policy.
Took over the administration of Kittur
He attempted to take over the treasury and fort under his control
Chennamma considered war as inevitable
Thackeray died
Chennamma’s army fought the battle bravely
Chennamma and others imprisoned

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March 2020
Explain the Rebellion of Bedas of Hulagali.
Answer: — British banned the usage of weapons in 1857
— Bedas kept guns — part of custom
— Rebelled when were asked to surrender the firearms
— Bedas of Manturu, Bodani, Alagundi joined
— British army entered Hulagali
— Bedas were suppressed
— Rebells were hanged till death.

September 2020
1-Third and Fourth Anglo-Mysore wars reduced the strength of Tippu Sultan of Mysore.
Justify.
Answer: — Cornwallis destroyed Bengaluru Fort
— The alliance of British destroyed the fort of Srirangapattan during night
— Tippu Sultan signed treaty of Srirangapattan which had unfavourable conditions
— He was forced to part with half of his kingdom
— He was forced to pay 3 crore rupees as war damage fee
— He had to pledge two of his sons as a guarantee against the payment
— He was forced to release war prisoners
— He opposed Subsidiary Alliance
— The united army of British attacked Srirangapatna and destroyed fort once again
— British killed Tippu Sultan in 1799.

March 2022
How did Dondiya Wagh fight against the British ?
Answer: — Built army
— Captured Bidanoor / Shivamogga forts
— Unsuccessful attempt to capture Chitradurga
— Wellesley tried to check the rebellion
— British attack on Shivamogga, Honali, Harihara
— Capture of Shikaripura-Dondia’s plight to Gutti
— Attack on Gutti by Nizam – Dondiya’s plight to Maratha region
— Continued his war in spite of defeat to Marathas
— Encouraged by Paleyagars
— French extended support
— Brish army followed Dondiya
— Capture of Shirahatti / followers of Dondiya were killed
— British attacked from all directions
— Was caught between Maratha and Nizam army
— British attacked him near Yelaparavi and killed Dondiya at Konagal
— Capture arms and ammunitions by British.

June 2022

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1-Which treaty ended the II Anglo-Mysore War?

Answer: The Treaty of Mangalore
2-How did Sangoli Rayanna fight against the British ?
Answer: — Fought for the independence of Kittur
— Fought against the British with Chennamma
— Organization of army
— Secret Meetings
— Looting treasury and Taluk offices
— Nandagada, Khanapura, Sampagavi
— Cunning strategy of the British — Capture of Rayanna — hanged to death.

March 2023
1-Krishnaraja Wodiyar IV was much interested in spreading education among his people.
Justify.
Answer: — Interested in spreading education
— Abolished fees in primary schools
— Helped girls’ education
— Established Mysore University
— Scholarships to abroad education
— I.I.S.C. in Bangalore was established.

June 2023
1-"Krishnaraja Wodiyar IV's contribution is more for the development of Mysore
province." Justily
Answer: Dewans advisory council led for development
Reforms of the Gold Mines (KGF)
Established the colleges
Constructed Manikanive
Reserve the railways
Established the hospitals
Hydro-electric project at Shivanasamudra
Electricity was supplied to Kolar Gold mines
Supplied electricity to Bangalore
Abolished fees of primary education
Helped girl’s education
Started the university of Mysore
Started scholarships to education in foreign
Established the IISc
Took the help of Tata
special attention to irrigation
Started the small, large scale industries
Iron and steel factory
Cement factory at Bhadravati
Paper mill at Bhadravati

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Sugar factory at Mandya

Sandal oil factory at Mysore
Sandal soap factory at Bangalore
Formed Legislative Council
Encouraged musicians
Mysore became a 'Model State'
Mahatma Gandhi called him as Rajashri

March 2024
1- “Dewan K. Sheshadri Iyer played an important role in the development of Mysore.”
Justify.
Answer: — Knew the problems of the state
— Improved the financial position of the state
— Started railway lines
— Started Civil Service Examinations
— Importance to irrigation
— Established Maharani’s Girls High School
— Special attention for girls and rural education.

HISTORY:5
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The 19th Century is called the period of __________________. (reformation)

2. Raja Ram Mohan Roy started the newspaper _______________. (Samvada Komudhi)
3. The founder of Prarthana Samaj was _______________. (Dr Athma Ram Panduranga)
4. ____________ propagated that freedom was the basic necessity of every individual.
(Jyotiba Phule)
5. Swami Vivekananda’s guru was _______________. (Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa)
6. Young Bengali movement was started by _______________. (Young Bengal Movement)

II Discuss the following in groups and write the answers:

7. What were the preachings of the Brahmo Samaj?

Answer: Advocating monotheism.
Opposed the meaningless rituals.
Condemned the child marriage.
It encourages women education

8. Analyse the call of Dayananda Saraswati to return to the Vedas.

Answer: He realised that the remedies to the various maladies of India are present in
Vedas.
2) Hence, he declared „Back to Vedas

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3) He declared that only Vedas are authentic

9. Explain the reforms propagated by Satyashodhak Samaj.

Answer: Sathya Shodhak Samaj was established to provide equal rights
2) To non-Brahimin class and women.
3) This Samaj was founded by Mahatma Jyothibha Phule.
4) They established hostel for girls
5) They established society based on equality.
6) They opened schools for Shudras and girls.

10. Analyse the objectives of the Aligarh Movement.

Answer: To advocate English education among Muslims.
To advocate social and religious reformation.
To fight against traditions, superstitions, ignorance etc.
To Oppose Purdah system. To discourage Polygamy.
To encourage education to Muslim girls

11.Explain the vision of Ramakrishna Mission.

Answer: It was founded to carry the message and thoughts of Sri Ramakrishna
2) One has to attain Moksha through Dyana and Bhakti.
3) It had believed that all religions advocate the same.
4) It also believed that there many ways of attaining moksha and the God.
5) It said idol worship is inevitable.
6) Ramakrishna Mission has provided a unique contribution to India‟s spiritual growth,
7) Nationalistic awareness and cultural development

12. Which are the reforms brought about by Annie Besant?

Answer: Annie Besant advocated that Indian culture is far more superior to the western
culture.
She tried to reform Hinduism.
She translated Bagvath Geetha to English.
She aimed at providing education to all. Annie Besant opened schools.
She started Central Hindu Benaras College.
She published New India & Common Wealth to discuss on current problems and social
issues.
She initiated Home Rule Movement in 1916.

13. Explain the contributions of Sri Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana Yogam.
Answer: This movement aimed at strengthening the backward and exploited
• communities.
• Narayana Guru and his companions Dr. Pallpu and Kumaran Assan led the movement.
• One Caste, One Religion and One God for human beings was the basic idea of Sri
Narayana Guru.
• Education is the only path to achieve this he declared.

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• He built temples for the backward communities as they were denied entry into temples.
Narayana Guru and his companions started „Viakom Movement‟,
• a temple entry movement

14. List out the highlights of Periyar movement.

Answer: • Ramaswamy who came out of Congress, started Self Respect League
• He was called Periyar (Senior Person) out of love by people
• He rejected the racial supremacy in the name Arya and Brahmin
• He said Tamil is language of Dravidians.
• He opposed Sanskrit language and literature
• He also rejected Rama as the Vedic leader and accepted Ravana as the Dravidian leader.
• He championed equality and criticized caste and gender-based discrimination.

15. Which were the principles advocated by Derozio?

Answer: The young Bengal movement held discussions and debates on issues like nature,
humanism, God and other various topics.
• Derozio worked towards spreading the message that only rational thinking would
liberate people from the clutches of superstitions and social discrimination.
• He was an advocate of Women Rights and opposed caste-based discrimination.
• Many of his students who had come from traditional families were deeply influenced by
Derozio‟s thoughts and joined their hands in spreading the movement across Bengal.
• The influence of this Movement was limited to Calcutta and a few areas of Bengal.

16. What are the contributions of Swami Vivekananda to the Society?

Answer: He also noticed exploitation, poverty, illiteracy and divisions among the Indians.
2) Vivekananda believed that People should be educated first,
3) He wanted legal institutions to implement appropriate rules to support reformation.
) He also wanted people to stop following the western ideals blindly.
5) He believed it is the duty of the religion to provide light.
6) Without this, religion is itself is of no use, declared Vivekananda.
7) He opposed caste system, untouchability and the idea of supremacy based on caste.

March:2015
Jyotiba Phule’s social reforms are most popular. Why?
Answer: i) He belived that freedom was basic necessity
ii) Prohibition of liquor
iii) Opposed gender inequality
iv) Denial of human rights
v) Social Justice
vi) Woman education.

June 2015

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1-In Group-A list of leaders and in Group-B their activities are given. Identify the group that
matches.

Group-A Group-B Answer

Raja Rammohan Roy Ramakrishna Mission (a) — (iii),
Dayanand Saraswati Satya Shodhak Samaj (b) — (iv),
Swami Vivekananda Brahmo Samaj (c) — (i),
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Arya Samaj. (d) — (ii)

2-Dayanand Saraswati called the people to “Return to the Vedas”. Why?

Answer: Vedas were the source of Truth and Knowledge.

March 2016
1-In Group-A list of social reformers and in Group-B their works are given. Identify the
group that matches.
Group-A Group-B Answer
(a) Rammohan Roy (i) Ghulamgiri (a) — (ii),
(b) Dayanand Saraswati (ii) Samvada Kaumudi (b) — (iv),
(c) Jyotiba Phule (iii) New India (c) — (i),
(d) Annie Besant (iv) Satyartha Prakasha (d) — (iii)
2-Why did Swami Vivekananda establish Ramakrishna Mission?
Answer: In order to propagate the ideals of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.

June 2016
1-What are the contributions made by Annie Besant to Indian Society?
Answer: i) pride in Indian culture
ii) equality, brotherhood, harmony
iii) freedom struggle — Home Rule
iv) New India newspaper, presided Congress session
v) encouraged Indian philosophy.

2-What are the contributions made by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to Muslim Society ?
Answer: To uplift Muslim society he —
started Anglo-Oriental College
ii) political, social, religious awareness
iii) united the community
iv) supported female education
v) opposed polygamy, supported widow remarriage.

March 2017
1-Swami Vivekananda was a great inspiration to the youth. How ?
Answer: He emphasized on i) the importance of loving life ii) the individual, his presence
and ability iii) the importance of social service iv) the greatness of India at the Chicago

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Conference of World Religions v) Indian culture and its importance vi) the importance of
the ability of the youth.

June 2017
What are the contributions of Raja Ram mohan Roy to the Indian SocioReligious reforms?
Answer: i) Established Brahmo Samaj
ii) Father of Indian Renaissance
iii) Advocated Modern Science and English education.
iv) Opposed women exploitation
v) Fought against Sati.
vi) Opposed child marriage
vii) 'Samvada Kaumudi' – newspaper
viii) Opposed idol worship
ix) Condemned polytheism
x) Encouraged monotheism
xi) Condemned - yajnas, rituals, priestly class.

2-What are the reforms propagated by Sathya Shodhak Samaj ?

Answer: i) Advocated individual liberty
ii) Urged for prohibition of liquor
iii) Opposed gender inequality
iv) Condemned denial of human rights
v) Oppossed untouchability
vi) Fought for social justice
vii) Condemned slavery
viii) Advocated free and compulsory education
ix) Struggled on behalf of farmers
x) Started school for girls.

March 2018
1-Principles of Swarajya and Swadharma advocated by Dayanand Saraswati inspired
people to
(A) establish classless society
(B) fight against Sati and child marriage
(C) take part in the freedom movement
(D) bring educational reforms.
Answer: C — take part in the freedom movement.

2-How did Sir Syed Ahmed Khan educate the Muslim Community?
Answer: — By establishing Anglo-Oriental College
— By supporting female literacy
— Rational thinking.

June 2018

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1- “The 19th Century in Indian history is referred to as the period of

‘Indian Renaissance’.” Why?
Answer: i) Indians came into contact with Western Civilization.
ii) Rationalist attitude
iii) Inspiration to question blind beliefs
iv) Awareness of duality contradictions and own interest
v) Ideas of democracy
vi) Ideas of Nationalism
vii) Ideas of Freedom and Equality
viii) Rise of Social reform organizations.

March 2019
1- The one who started the newspaper ‘New India’ is
(A) Raja Rammohan Roy (B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Annie Besant (D) Dayanand Saraswati
Answer: (C) — Annie Besant

2- Why was Shuddhi Movement started?

Answer: Reconversion of people who had converted to Islam and Christianity from
Hinduism.

June 2019
1-Swami Vivekananda was a source of inspiration to youths. How?
Answer: • The people should be educated first and then they themselves seek informati
The legal institutions to implement appropriate rules
Provide light to blind people
Opposed Caste system and untouchability
His speeches were mirror to his nationalist ideas.

March 2020
1- How did Governor-General William Bentinck support Raja Rammohan Roy’s fight
against Sati system?
Answer: Brought in a law prohibiting Sati System in 1829

2-Explain the aims of Arya Samaj.

Answer: — All Hindus should believe one formless God
— Rejected caste system
— Encouraged intercaste marriages
— Equality of men-women
— Should study vedas and ancient texts.

September 2020
1-Why was Ramakrishna Mission ( Muth ) founded ?
Answer: To carry the messages and thoughts of Ramakrisna Paramahamsa.

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2-The contribution of Annie Besant to Indian Culture and Politics is unforgetable. Justify.
Answer: — Annie Besant had knowledge of Vedanta philosophy
— She advocated the Indian culture is more superior
— She started reformation movement of Hinduism
— She did a comparative study of Hinduism and Buddhism
— She translated Bagavath Geetha to English
— She was called Shwetha Saraswati
— She started Central Hindu College to provide education for all
— She started New India and Commonweal periodicals
— She started Home Rule League Movement
— She was active in the Freedom struggle
— She became first Women President of Indian National Congress.

March 2022
1-What are the aims of Arya Samaj?
Answer: — Belief in one God
— Rejected Caste system
— Encouragement to inter-caste marriages
— Rejected polygamy / child marriage
— Men-women equality
— Study / preaching of Vedas.

June 2022
1- What are the aims of Arya Samaj ?
Answer: — Belief in one God
— Rejected Caste system
— Encouragement to inter-caste marriages
— Rejected polygamy and child marriage
— Men-women equality
— Study of Vedas and ancient sacred texts.

2-What were the aims of Prarthana Samaj ?

Answer: — Service to mankind is service to God
— Priority to spread education
— The Deccan Education Society
— Encouraged widow remarriage
— Female literacy
— Intercaste marriage
— Interdining
— Discouraged child marriage
— Against casteism
— Against idolatry and Purdha system
— Orphanages, National schools.

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June 2023
1-The credit of constructing Bangalore-Mysore Railway line goes to
(A) Jayachamaraja Wodiyar
(B) Krishnaraja Wodiyar V
(C) Chamarajendra Wodiyar X-
(D) Raja Wodiyar
Answer: (C) Chamarajendra Wodiyar X

2-Explain the reforms propagated by Prarthana Samaj

Answer: Priority to spread education
Developed the education field
Encouraged widow marriage
Encouraged female literacy
Intercaste marriage
Eating together Interdining
Opposed child marriage
Opposed caste system
Opposed idol worship
Opposed purdah system
Established the orphanages
National schools
Established shelters, home for widow women.

March 2024
1- “Annie Besant gave a new vitality to activities of Theosophical Society.” Justify.
Answer: — Started activities of Theosophical Society
— Aroused pride in Indian Culture
— Attempted to establish equality
— Universal brotherhood
— Harmony in society
— Support to freedom struggle
— New India Newspaper
— Home rule Movement
— President of Congress Session
— Common wheel newspaper

HISTORY:6
THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE (1857)

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. British historians refer to the 1857 revolt as ___________ (The Sepoy Mutiny)

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2. During the 1857 revolt, at Barakpura, British officer was killed by _________.( Mangal
Pandey)
3. Jhansi Rani fought aganist British and took ________ under her control (Gwalior)
4. The declaration passed by the British Queen in 1858 is called ________ .( India’s ‘Magna
Carta’).

II Discuss the following in groups and answer them:

1- The political factors inspired the revolt of 1857. How?

Answer: • Due to the Doctrine of Lapse implemented by the British, many Indians Kings
had to lose their kingdoms.
• As a result of this policy, Satara, Jaipur, Jhansi, Udaipur and many other states became
part of the British Empire.
• Dalhousie abolished the kingships of Tanjavore and Carnatic Nawabs.
• The British dethroned Mughal kings and many other kings.
• As a result, many soldiers depended on these kings became unemployed.

6. The economic changes of the time were responsible for the 1857 revolt. How?
Answer: Indian handicrafts and industries diminished.
The Indian artisans become unemployed.
British levied heavy tax on Indian goods.
The farmers were exploited by Zamindars.
Inam lands were withdrawn by Inam commission.
England become a workshop of Industries.

7. What were the factors that disturbed the religious sentiments of the soldiers during the
1857 revolt?
Answer: 1. The British started providing “Royal Enfield” guns, a type of new and improved
guns.
2. A rumour spread that the bullets of these guns were smeared in the fat of pig and cow.
3. The cow was sacred for Hindus and the pig was prohibited for Muslims.

8. What were the immediate causes for the First War of Independence?
Answer: The British started providing “Royal Enfield” guns, a type of new and improved
guns.
2. A rumour spread that the bullets of these guns were smeared in the fat of pig and cow.
3. The cow was sacred for Hindus
4.he pig was prohibited for Muslims.
5. This became the immediate cause for the mutiny.

9. Make a list of the reasons for the failure of the revolt.

Answer: The reasons for the failure of 1857 mutiny are.
The revolt did not spread to the whole country.
There was no proper direction or proper leadership for revolt.

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Many provincial kings an account of their loyalty to British they did not support the
struggle.
There was lack of strategy, expertise among soldiers.
Lack of discipline, arms among Indian soldiers.
The struggle was intended to Protect the interests of a few rather than getting freedom for
the country.
Unity among British forces.

10. What were the features of the declaration of the British Queen in 1858?
Answer: Non pursuance of regional expansion.
Providing a stable government for Indians. Equality before the law.
The agreements entered by the company with the local Kings were accepted.
Non-interference of the government in religious issues of Indians.

March:2015
What were the causes for the failure of 1857 revolt?
Answer: i) Did not spread to the whole country
ii) There was no proper direction
iii) There was no proper leadership
iv) Provincial kings did not support the struggle
v) The people lost confidence in the soldiers
vi) No discipline.

June 2015
How did the political and military factors instigate the First War of Indian Independence?
Answer:  Many kingdoms lost their rights
 Promulgation of Doctrine of Lapse
 Princely titles were cancelled
 Kings lost kingship, soldiers became unemployed
 Status, salary and opportunities, promotion not given to Indian soldiers
 The religious sentiments of the Indian soldiers were disturbed
 Forced to cross the oceans to serve foreign land.

March 2016
Explain the political and economic causes for the revolt of 1857.
Answer:
Political causes Economic causes
i)Policy of Doctrine of Lapse i) Industrial revolution
ii) Satara, Jhansi, Udaipur, Jaipur came ii) Unemployment of craftsmen
under British control iii) Heavy tax on sale of Indian
iii) Cancellation of princely titles goods.
iv) Removal of kings from the power iv) Exploitation of farmers by
v) Unemployment of Soldiers. Zamindars.
v) Inam lands were taken back.

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June 2016
1-“The First War of Indian Independence ( 1857 A.D. ) brought prominent changes.”
Explain.
Answer: i) End of the administration of the East India Company — transferred to the
Queen.
ii) Responsibility to the Secretary of State.
iii) Queen’s declaration in 1858 — acceptance of the agreements of the company
— end of expanist policy
— stable government
— equality under law
— religious tolerance
— seeking support of Indians
— new route to the Indian freedom movement
— alternative routes.

March 2017
1-“Various economic changes were responsible for the revolt of 1857.” Justify.
Answer: i) Industrial revolution in England — native industries perished
ii) Indian craftsmen became unemployed
iii) Cottage industries suffered a death blow
iv) Imposition of heavy taxes on Indian goods
v) Zamindars exploited the farmers
vi) Right to collect tax given to taluks was withdrawn
vii) Inam lands were taken back viii) Financial misery and humiliation felt by the fermers.

June 2017
1- “The First War of Indian Independence – 1857 did not bring expected results.” Give
reasons.
Answer: i) Did not spread to the whole country
ii) Intended to protect the interests of few
iii) Erupted due to certain unexpected reasons
iv) Unity among the British and lack of it among the Indians
v) No proper direction
vi) No proper organization
vii) Lack of strategy, expertise, leadership and discipline
viii) Loyalty of the provincial kings to the British
ix) Arson and looting by the soldiers.

March 2018

Explain how the administrative system and economic policy of the British became the
causes for the First War of Indian Independence.

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Answer:
Administrative System : Economic Policy

— New Civil and Criminal laws — Industrial Revolution

applicable only to Indians — destruction of cottage industries
— New rules were not understood — Indian craftsmen become unemployed
by the common people — Imposition of heavy tax on Indian goods
— English became the court — Zamindars exploited farmers
language — Right to collect tax given to taluks was
— British Judges favoured the withdrawn
British. — Inam lands were taken back
— Financial misery and humiliation felt by
the farmers.

June 2018
Explain the reasons for the failure of the revolt of 1857.
Answer: i) Did not spread to the whole country
ii) Struggle for the protection of self interests of few
iii) Was not a planned struggle
iv) Erupted due to certain unexpected reasons
v) Unity among the British soldiers
vi) Lack of unity among Indian soldiers
vii) Lack of proper guidance
viii) Lack of proper organisation
ix) Lack of proper leadership
x) Lack of strategy, expertise among soldiers and discipline
xi) Soldiers did not have a specific goal
xii) Native rulers’ loyalty to the British
xiii) Soldiers lost the confidence of the people due to their arson and looting.

March 2019
1- Why did Indian soldiers oppose the use of Royal Enfield rifles / guns?
Answer: The bullets were used for the guns smeared with the fat of pig and cow.

2- The condition of Indian soldiers in the British army was very pathetic. Justify.
Answer: — Indian soldiers did not have the status, salary and promotion
— They were pressurised for overseas work.

June 2019
1-How did the political factors provoke the revolt of 1857 ?
Answer: Native rulers lost their kingdoms due to Doctrine of Lapse
Nawabs titles removed
Emperor lost its power and dethroned
Soldiers become unemployed.

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March 2020
1- Explain the causes for the failure of the First War of Indian
Independence of 1857.
Answer: — Restricted to a small part of India
— Concentrated on the rights of kings / queens
— not planned
— Disunity among soldiers
— Lacked direction and leadership
— Lacked discipline and organizing skills
— Lacked military strategies, planning capabilities, soldiering skills
— No definite aim
— Indian kings loyal to the British
— Plundering and other crimes by the sepoys.

September 2020
Explain Political and Administrative reasons for 1857 revolt.
Answer:
Potilical Reasons : Administrative Reasons :
— Doctrine of Lapse was implemented — New Civil and Criminal Laws were
— many Indian kings had to lose their introduced
kingdoms — There were lot of partiality
— Satara, Jhansi, Jaipur came under — English became court language
British — Judgement was given in favour of
— British abolished the kingships of the English
Nawabs — People did not like the new laws.
— They dethroned Mughal emperor
and many other kings
— Many soldier became unemployed

March 2022
1- What are the reasons for the failure of the First War of Indian Independence ?
Answer: — Did not cover whole India
— Issues of the rights of Kings and Queens
— Not planned
— Disunity among soldiers
— Lacked direction / leadership
— Lacked discipline / organisational skills
— Lacked military strategies / planning
— Lacked definite aim
— Indian Kings loyal to the British
— Plundering and other crimes by soldiers.

June 2022

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1- ‘The revolt of 1857 failed due to various reasons.’ Explain.

Answer: — Not covered every part of India
— Concentrated on the rights of Kings and Queens
— Not planned
— Disunity among Indian soldiers
— Lacked direction and organizing skills
— Lacked military strategies, soldiering skills
— Lacked discipline and leadership
— No definite aim
— Indian kings did not give support
— Plundering, other crimes by the Sepoys.

March 2023
1-What were the effects of the First War of Indian Independence?
Answer: — The arrangements made by the Company with the kings were accepted
— Ambitious expansion plans had to be given up
— A stable government had to be provided to Indians
— Not to interfere in religious matters
— Peaceful rule was not possible without support, trust, and confidence
— New route to freedom movement.

2-Explain the political and economic causes for the first war of Indian Independence.
Answer:
Political Causes : Economic Causes :
— Doctrine of Lapse — Due to the industrial revolution Indian
— Many kingdoms lost their handicrafts and
existence cottage industries suffered heavily
— Satara, Jaipur, Jhansi, Udaipur — Indian Craftsmen became unemployed
came under British control — Textile and wool industries became weak
— Cancelled the title of Nawab of — People lost their jobs
Tanjore and Carnatic — British imposed heavy tax on Indian goods
— Nawab of Oudh and other kings — Zamindari system exploited the farmers
were striped — ‘Inam lands’ were taken back
— Lakhs of soldiers became — Farmers faced many financial problems
unemployed.
June 2023
1-Mention the causes for the failure of the first war of Indian Independence.
Answer: Did not spread to whole country
Self interests
Not planned
Lack of modern weapons
The unity among the British forces.
Lack of unity in the Indian soldiers

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Unexpected moves
Lack of direction / leadership
Lack of war strategies
Lack of trained soldiers
Lack of discipline
Lack of aims
Native rulers' loyalty for British
Sepoys involved in looting and riots
Lost the faith of people.

March 2024
1-“The Indian military was the base of British administration during the British rule.”
Justify.
Answer: — Appointed majority of Indians for the military
— With the help of the military took India under their control
— They protected their supremacy with the help of the military.

2- “The first war of Indian Independence failed.” Why ?

Answer: — Did not spread to the whole country
— Intended to protect the interests of a few
— Not an organised struggle
— It erupted due to certain unexpected reasons
— Unity among the British forces
— Lack of Unity among the Indian Soldiers
— No proper direction
— Lack of strategy
— Lack of effective leadership
— Lack of discipline
— Many kings loyalty to British
— Many kings did not support the struggle
— People lost confidence due to arson and looting.

HISTORY:7
THE FREEDOM STRUGGLE

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The Indian National Congress was established in the year _________. (1885)
2. The person who talked about the ‘Drain theory’ was ______________. (Dadabhai
Nooroji)
3. ‘Swarajya is my birth right’ was declared by ___________. (Balagangadhar Tilak)
4. The Ali brothers started the __________ movement. (Khilafut movement)
5. Separate nation for Muslims was proposed by ___________. (M.A. Jinna)

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6. The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress that took place in 1929 was presided
by ____________. (Jawaharlal Nehru)
7. Mahad tank and Kalaram temple movement was organised by _______________.
(Dr.B.R. Ambedkar)
8. The Jhansi regiment of Indian National Army was leaded by __________.( captain
Lakshmi.)
9. The place where Gandhiji carried out the Salt Satyagraha was____________. (Dandi)
10. Quit India movement was carried out in the year____________.( 1942)

II Fill in the blanks with given alternatives:

11. Founder of the Indian National Congress was _________ b) A.O.Humoe

a) Mahathma Gandiji b) A.O.Humoe c) Balagangadhara Tilak d) Gopalkrishna Gokhale

12. Publisher of ‘Maratha’ Paper was _________. (c Balagangadhara Tilak)

a) Jawaharlal Nehru b) Ras Bihari Boss c) Balagangadhara Tilak d) V.D.Saverkar

13. Swaraj Party was established in the year _________.( a 1924 )

a) 1924 b) 1923 c) 1929 d) 1906

14. President of Indian National Congress Haripura session was _________( d)

Subhashchandra Bose)
a) Sardar valbha Bhai Patel b) Dr. B.R.Ambedkar c) Lal Lajapath Roy d) Subhashchandra
Bose
15. Iron man of India was _________. (d) Sardar Valbahi Patel
a) Bhagath Sing b) Chandrashekar Azad c) Abul Kalam Azad d) Sardar Valbahi Patel

III Discuss the following in groups and answer them:

16-Which were the organizations in India before the establishment of the Indian National
Congress?
Answer: The Hindu Mela.
All Indian Association.
Poona Public Sabha.
The Indian Association

17- What were the demands put forward by moderates to the British?
Answer: Development of Indian industries.
Cutting down of military expenditure.
Providing good education.
Programmes for poverty alleviation

18- Analyse the drain theory.

Answer: Explained by Dadabai Navoroji.

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Explained the drain of resources of India into England.

By increasing the import and reducing the export, the British facilitated the draining out of
precious Indian resources into India.

19- Name the revolutionaries in freedom movement.

Answer: Aurobindo Gosh.
V.D. Saavarkar. Rajaguru.
Ras Bihari Gosh.
Kudiram Bose.
Ramprasad Bismil.
Bagath Singh.
Chandrashekar Azad.

20- Explain the role of Balagangadhar Tilak in the freedom struggle.

Answer: Tilak was a radicle leader.
Opposed British policies.
Opposed the partition of Bengal.
Tilak called for boycotting of foreign goods.
Tilak encouraged Indians to use local goods.
Tilak declared “Swaraj is My Birth Right.
Tilak organised common people through Ganesh, Shivaji & Durga celebration.
Tilak published ‘Kesari’ & ‘Maratha’ newspapers.
Tilak triggered national movement through ‘Geetharahasya’ book.

21- What were the reasons for withdrawing of partition of Bengal?

Answer: Explosive Protest from Indians.
Swadeshi movement.
Ban of European goods from Indians

22- Describe Chowri-Chowra incident.

Answer: Held on February 5, 1922.
Held at Chouri Chaura of Uttar Pradesh.
3000 farmers assembled in front of the police station.
The police started shooting. Angered people attacked the police station.
Set fire to the station.
Twenty-two policemen died.

23- Describe the Salt Satyagraha.

Answer: Started by Gandhiji.
Gandhiji began this on 12th March 1930.
March began from Sabarmati ashram to Dandi.
Gandhi wrote a letter to the Viceroy demanding eleven points.
Gandhiji demanded to remove tax on salt Irwin refused this demand.
Gandhi covered 375 kms on foot and reached Dandi.

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Broke the law by holding a fistful salt without paying the tax.
Gandhiji popularised Charka.
Thousands of people participated in the Salt Satyagraha.
Many leaders were arrested.

24- What were the reasons for the failure of the Quit India movement?
Answer: On the 8th august 1942 congress started the movement.
Gandhiji gave a call to Indians „Do or Die‟.
In this contest Gandhiji, Nehru and all leaders were imprisoned.
There is a lack of leadership to movement.
By utilising transport and telecommunication British suppressed the movement.
Muslim league did not participate in struggle.
There is a lack of proper directions to movement.

25- Name the revolutionaries who took part in the Indian freedom struggle.
Answer: V.D.Savarkar, Aurobindo Ghosh, Shyamji Krishna Verma, Madam Cama, Khudiram
Bose, Ramaprasad Bismil, Bhagat Singh and Chandrashekar Azad.

26- What was the result of the second Round Table Conference?
Answer: Ambedkar pressed for a separate electrol constituency for untouchables.
2. This was opposed by Gandhi.
3. The resulted in the ideological difference between them.
4. The 2nd round table conference ended without any conclusion.
5. British Government announced to provide separate electrol constituency for the
untouchable
6. Implements ‘communal award’ in 1932.
7. Mhathamma Gandhi opposed this
8. Started ‘Fasting Unto death’

27- Give an account of the achievements of Subhash Chandra Bose in the independence
struggle.
Answer: He was a revolutionary fighter.
People call him as Nethaji.
He engaged himself in organizing the Indians.
He toured cities like Vienna, Berlin, Rome, Istanbul to organise Indian.
He tried to get the help of Hitler.
Founded the Congress Socialist Party.
Became the president of Haripur convention. Founded ‘Forward Block’.
Founded ‘INA in Tokyo. He called for ‘Delhi Chalo’.
He said, “Give me your blood; I’ll get you Indian Independence”.
Attacked India from Burma border.
A fierce battle between INA and the British army fought.
Later Subhash died in plane crash.

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28- Describe the tribal revolts in the Indian freedom struggle.

Answer: Tribals revolted were Santala, Kola Munda, Halagali Beda’s.
The tax and forests policies of British were the reasons for tribal revolts.
Due to permanent Zamindari system, tribal people became landless.
The Zamindars, Money lenders became the exploiters of the Santhala tribe
Tribal were forced to pay the tax.
Santhalas were upset by tax policies.
Santalas decided to loot the Zamindars and the money lenders.
Centres of revolt were Bhathpur, Barahath and Rajmahal.
The tribal people killed their enemies.
Kola and Munda revolted against the Zamindars.

March:2015
Explain the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in Indian National Movement.
Answer: . i) He rejected the prestigious post in the British Service, and took an active part
in the freedom struggle.
ii) He was popularly called Netaji
iii) To organise Indians settled abroad and equip them for fighting freedom struggle against
the British
iv) He travelled to Vienna, Berlin, Rome, Istambul and other countries and inspired the
Indians & support their motherland.
v) Established Samajwadi Party
vi) Established Forward Bloc
vii) Joined hands with the enemies of the British and thereby defeat the British
viii) Established an army with the help of Indian war criminals in Germany
ix) Give me blood I will give you freedom
x) INA with ladies’ wing and call ‘Delhi Chalo’.

June 2015
Explain the contributions of Nehru after becoming Prime Minister.
Answer:  Architect of Industrialization
 Foundation of Indian Democracy
 Intense Industrialization
 Pioneer who envisaged the development
 He started Five-Year Plans
 He Advocated Non-alignment policy
 He implements the formula of peace and harmony
 Softer approach, socialist and communist ideas
 Fully supports complete democracy in India

March 2016
Give an account of the contributions of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.
Answer: i) Advocated social and economic freedom
ii) Fought against caste system

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iii) Mahad and Kalaram temple movements

iv) Established ‘Bahishkruta Hitakarini Sabha’
v) Established ‘Swatantra Karmika Party’
vi) Published — Prabuddha Bharata Janata Mukanayaka Bahishkruta Bharata Papers
vii) Worked towards the progress of agricultural labours
viii) Chairman of constitution drafting committee
ix) Served as Law Minister
x) ‘Bharat Ratna’ awarded for his lifetime achievement.

June 2016
1- “Nehru was the pioneer of developmental programmes in independent India.” Explain.
Answer: i) First Prime Minister of India
ii) Architect of industrialization and modern India
iii) Merging of princely states
iv) Formation of linguistic states
v) Foundation for democracy
vi) Mixed economic system
vii) Introduction of Five-Year Plans
viii) Intense industrialization
ix) Panchsheel principles — peace and co-existence
x) Non-aligned Foreign policy.

March 2017
1-Explain the role of Moderates in the freedom struggle of India.
Answer: i) Moderate Age — the first 20 years of the beginning of INC
ii) M. G. Ranade, Surendranath Banerjee, Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale
iii) Trust in British administration and their impartiality
iv) Efforts were made to solve the problems within the constitutional framework
v) Taught people about political situations
vi) Conducted meetings and discussed problems and placed before the government
vii) Forced the government to take up studies about development of industries
viii) Explained the ‘drain theory’
ix) Critically analysed the ill-effects of the British rule in India
x) Age of Generous Nationalism
xi) Forced the Govt. to take up studies about reduction of military expenses
xii) Forced the Govt. to take up studies about improvement of educational standards.

June 2017
1-Explain the role of Bal Gangadhar Tilak in the Indian freedom movement.
Answer: i) Prominent Extremist leader
ii) Fought against the partition of Bengal
iii) Swadeshi movement
iv) "Swaraj is my birth right; and I will get it any cost."
v) Preparing the common people for freedom struggle

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vi) Nationalism through religious functions

vii) 'Kesari' and 'Maratha' newspapers
viii) Revolutionary articles
ix) Imprisonment and enquiries.

March 2018
1-Which policy of the British sowed the seed of communalism in India ?
Answer: Divide and Rule policy.

2-Explain the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in the freedom struggle of India.
Answer: — Netaji was the most prominent among revolutionary fighters
— travelled to Vienna, Berlin etc. and organised Indians
— established the Congress Socialist Party
— President of the Haripur Session
— opposed the soft attitude of Gandhiji towards war policy
— President of Tripura Session
— established ‘Forward Bloc Party’
— opposed the war preparations of the British and participation of India in World war
— gained the support of Hitler
— tried to organise an army of Indian War Criminals in Germany
— leadership of I.N.A. — Captain Lakshmi — Commandant of Jhansi Regiment
— ‘Delhi Chalo’, ‘Give me blood, I will give you freedom’
— planned a military strategy through Rangoon
— Fierce fighting on the Burma border
— died in a plane accident.

June 2018
1- Explain Jawaharlal Nehru’s contributions to the development of Independent India.
Answer: i) Architect of modern India
ii) First Prime Minister of India
iii) With Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel achieved integration of provinces
iv) Formation of Linguistic states
v) Laid Foundation for Indian Democracy
vi) Mixed Economic System
vii) Architect of industrialization
viii) Five-Year Plans
ix) Non-Alignment Policy
x) Architect of Indian Foreign Policy
xi) Advocated Panchsheel principles
xii) Implemented the formula of peace and harmony.

March 2019
1- Answer the following questions related to the given picture :
a) Name the person in the given picture.

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b) Name the book written by him.

Answer: a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

b) Geetha Rahasya.

2- The protests organised by the farmers are important in National Freedom Struggle.
Explain.
Answer: — Influenced by the Congress and Marxist ideologies
— Farmers rebelled against the British planters and Zamindars
— Opposed the Indigo cropping in Champaranya
— Protested against land tax
— Gandhiji influenced activities of Champaranya and Kheda
— Farmers of Tebhaga, Malabar opposed the British
— Non-co-operation Movement, Tax refusal and Quit India movements were supported
— Protests organised by Kisan Sabha
— Farmers of Telangana protested against Zamindars and Razacks
— The farmers of Bengal rose against the zamindars
— The farmers of Maharashtra protested against low wages.

June 2019
1-What is the cause for Bengal division?
Answer: Suppressing the spirit of national freedom struggle.

2-Who is the founder of Drain theory?

Answer: Dadabhai Naoroji

3- Explain the main programmes of Gandhiji in his non-co-operation movement.

Answer: Boycotting Schools, Colleges and Courts
Boycotting elections to regional legislative bodies held according to 1919 Act.
Returning all the honours and medals given by the British
Nominated member to the local bodies resigning from their membership
Boycotting all the government functions
Encouraging production of Khadi and Handlooms
Opened National Schools
Achieving unity
Eradicating untouchability

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Uplifting the women empowerment.

March 2020
1- Quit India Movement provided leadership to non-Congress leaders. Identify the Non-
Congress leader from the following :
(A) Kasturba Gandhi (B) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
(C) Jayaprakash Narayan (D) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.
Answer: (C) — Jayaprakash Narayan

2- The Prime Minister of India who signed the Panchsheel Principles with China’s Premier
Chou En-Lai was
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru (B) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(C) Indira Gandhi (D) Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
Answer: (A) — Jawaharlal Nehru.

3-Illustrate the concern for social equality of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

Answer: — Political freedom without social freedom is meaningless
— Strategies to destroy caste system
— Mahad and Kalaram Movements
— Suggested means to unshackle the bondage of downtrodden in the Round Table
conferences
— Separate electorate constituencies for untouchables
— Bahishkruta Hitakarini Sabha
— Swatantra Karmika Party
— Published Prabudha Bharatha, Janatha, Mookanayaka and Bahishkruth Bharatha.
— Justice for farm labourers
— Legal guarantee against untouchability in the constitution.

4-How did radicals further intensify the Indian Freedom Struggle?

Answer: — Spread Swadeshi movement throughout the country
— Tilak declared ‘Swaraj is my Birth Right, I would definitely get in back’.
— Aim was complete freedom
— Organised common people
— Employed religious celebrations to organise people
— Ganesha, Shivaji, Durga celebrations
— Tilak published Kesari, Maratha
— Influenced common people to protest
— Radical writings
— Tilak published Geetharahasya
— Lal, Bal, Pal, Aurabindo Ghosh — Prominent radicals
— Criticised and opposed the British
— Opposed partition of Bengal
— Took issues to the door steps.

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September 2020
1-In 1938, The President of Haripur Congress Session was
(A) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (B) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
(C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (D) Subhash Chandra Bose.
Answer: (D) — Subhash Chandra Bose

2- Explain the main programmes of Non-Co-operation Movement.

Answer: — Boycotting schools, colleges and courts
— Boycotting elections
— Returning all the honours and medals
— Resigning to local bodies membership
— Boycotting all the Government functions
— Boycotting all foreign goods
— Encouraging Handlooms and Khadi
— Opening National Schools
— Achieving unity among Hindus and Muslims
— Eradicating untouchability
— Women empowerment
— Encouraging production of Khadi.

3-Explain the age of Liberal Nationalism during Freedom movement.

Answer: — Faith in rule of British and Judiciary
— Prayers and request with in legal frame work
— Political awareness among the people
— Public meetings discussions on various issues
— Submission of memorandums
— Development of industries
— Cutting down of military expenditure
— Providing better education
— Implementation of poverty alleviation programmes
— Study the ill effects of the British rule in India
— Explained drain of resources into England through Scientific statistics
— Dadabhai Navoroji explained ‘Drain Theory’
— W. C. Banerjee, M.G. Ranade, Surendranath Banerjee, Dadabhai
Navoroji, Gopala Krishna Gokhale were important leaders.

March 2022
1-The movement led by Ali brothers was
(A) Non-Co-operation (B) Khilafat
(C) Civil Disobedience (D) Quit India.
Answer: (B) Khilafat

2- A periodical started by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was

(A) Kesari (B) Mooka Nayaka

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(C) Maratha (D) Bombay Samachar.

Answer: (B) Mooka Nayaka
March 2022
Explain the role of Radicals in the Indian Independence Movement.
Answer: — Called the moderates as political beggars
— Opposed the stance of British
— Opposed partition of Bengal
— Rakshabandhan
— Swadeshi Movement
— Gave a call to boycott foreign goods and supporting institutions
— Encouraged to use local goods
— Tilak declared ‘Swaraj is my Birth Right, and I shall have it’.
— Complete freedom was the aim
— Organised people
— Shivaji, Ganesh, Durga celebrations
— Tilak published ‘Kesari’, ‘Maratha’
— Tilak was arrested for galvanized, writings
— ‘Geetarahasya’ fuelled the freedom struggle

2- What is the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in the freedom struggle ?

Answer: — Decisive step
— Refused posting and participated in Freedom Struggle
— Popular as ‘Netaji’
— Engaged in organising Indians from outside India
— Toured many countries / Requested to support freedom steruggle
— Congress Socialist Party
— Haripur Convention
— Difference of opinion — Clash between Gandhi-Bose — Derailed
his fight within INC
— Quit Congress
— Forward Bloc
— Opposed British for war preparation
— Arrest by British
— Reached Germany
— Hitler agreed to extend help
— Organised Indian war prisoners in Germany
— Speeches over Azad Hind Radio
— Joined with Rasbihari Bose
— Called for Delhi Chalo
— Give me your blood, I’ll get you freedom
— Planned to attack India through Rangoon
— INA started armed struggle on Burma Border
— Fierce battle between British / INA — Bose died in airplane crash.

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June 2022
1-The Drain Theory was explained by
(A) Dadabhai Naoroji (B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) A. O. Hume (D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
Answer: (A) Dadabhai Naoroji

2-Explain the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in Indian National struggle.

Answer: — Netaji
— Toured to foreign countries
— Congress Social Party
— Haripur convention
— Forward Bloc
— Opposed the British War preparation and participation of Indians
— Help of Germany — Organisation of war prisoners
— Broadcasted Speeches ‘Azad Hind Radio’
— Rasbihari Bose — Indian Independence League
— Leadership of Indian National Army
— Delhi Chalo “Give me your blood, I’ll get you freedom”
— Attacking India through Rangoon
— Armed struggle on the Burma border
— Died in airplane crash.

3-Explain the various tribal revolts in Indian independence struggle.

Answer: — The tax and forest policies of the British
— Santala, Kola and Munda revolts
— Santala tribals-hilly regions of Bengal and Odisha
— Permanent Zamindari System – landless
— Exploition by the Zamindars, money lenders and Company
— Secret meetings
— Severe revolt in Barahat, Bhagatpur and Rajmahal areas
— Killing of enemies
— Fled of Zamindars and money lenders
— Became an inspiration for many revolts.

4-Explain the role of Radicals in Indian National Movement.

Answer: — Opposed partition of Bengal
— Swadeshi movement
— Complete freedom
— Organized people through religious celebrations
— Ganesha, Shivaji, Durga Celebrations
— Tilak, ‘Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it’
— Kesari-Maratha-Radical writings
— Arrest of Tilak ‘Geetarahasya’
— Lal, Bal, Pal, Aurobindo Ghosh — Prominent radicals.

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March 2023
1-What were the demands put forward by the moderates to the British Government.?
Answer: — Development of industries in India
— Reduction of military expenses
— Improvement in educational standards
— Studies about poverty
— Try to give political education
— Appeals before the government
— Discussion about the problems.

2-Explain the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre.

Answer: — Widespread protests against Rowlatt Act
— Protests turned violent
— Imposed military rule
— Banned all demonstrations
— Protesters had decided to assemble at Jallianwala Bagh
— They were not aware of this ban
— 20,000 protesters had assembled
— Peaceful demonstration
— General Dyer without any warning attacked the protesters with firearms
— 379 persons died
— Thousands were seriously injured
— This incident is called Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy.

June 2023
1-"Dr B. R. Ambedkar was a great social reformer." Justify.
Answer: Strongly believed the political independence was meaningless without social
independence
Lowest of the low classes did not get social economic freedom
Remained a mirage
Emotioned about Indian politics
Studied caste system
Planned to eradicate the caste system
"Mahad' Kalam temple movement
Attended the Round Table Conferences
Gave the valuable suggestions
Differences of opinion surfaced between Gandhiji
Took leadership of untouchables and upliftment of Harijans
Demanded a separate electoral ronstituency for ontouchables
Diwan of Baroda province
Worked for the Mumbial Legislative Codrent
Viceroy of Executive Council
Did not join Congress party

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Organised Bahishkruta Hitakarani Sabha

Swatantra Karmika Party established
Published Prabuddha Mookanayaka newspaper Bharathy Janatha,
Posthumously awarded the 'Bharat Ratna'
Constitution Drafting Committee Chairman
Father of Indian Constitution.

March 2024
1- How were the revolutionary methods different in the freedom struggle of India?
Answer: — Dreamt of a totally free India
— Believed that British could be thrown out of India by violent means
— Established Secret Organisations
— Collected money and arms
— ‘Anusheelana Samithi’ and Abhinava Bharatha
— Used bombs and firearms
— Training the people.

2- Explain Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

Answer: — Protests against Rowlatt Act at Amritsar
— Dyer imposed military rule
— Banned all demonstrations
— Protestors were not aware of this ban
— 20,000 protestors assembled against Rowlatt Act
— Without any warning attacked the protestors
— 379 people died
— Thousands injured
— Government appointed Hunter Commission for enquiry.

HISTORY:8
INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The last Governor General of the British India was _______. (Lord Mount batten)
2. The first Home Minister of India was ______________. (Sardar vallabhai patel)
3. The first President of India was _____________. (Dr Babu Rajendra Prasad)
4. Pondicherry joined India as a Union Territory in _________.( 1963)
5. The linguistic organization of India took place in __________. (1953)

II Discuss the following in groups and answer them:

6- What were the problems faced by India after Independence?

Answer: Refugee’s crises.
Communal violence.

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Formation of government.
Integration of princely states
7- How did the country deal with the problem of refugees?
Answer: The country started the refugee’s camp in West Bengal, Orissa, Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka and kerela states and provides the shelter, employment, land, education and
health care to refugees.

8- Describe the manner in which Pondicherry was liberated from the French.
Answer: Congress started an agitation.
The communist and other organization also urged for the liberation of Pondicherry.
Finally, France government leaves the Pondicherry.

9- How was Goa liberated from the Portuguese?

Answer: In 1955 satyagrahis started liberation movement of Goa.
In 1961 Indian army entered and took Goa under its control.

10- Why was the state re-organisation commission formed by the government of India in
1953?
Answer: In 1953 the government formed Justice Fazal Ali Commission in which Fazal Ali
was the Chairman, K.M.Panickker and H.N.Kunjru were the members.
In 1953 Andhra Pradesh became the first state to be formed based on language. As per the
report of the Commission, the State Reorganisation Act came into force in 1956.

March:2015
Why was formation of linguistic states inevitable after independence?
Answer: i) The language used for administration was different from the language of the
common man.
ii) Potty Sriramulu
iii) fast unto death
iv) demanding became much more severe.

2-How did Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel succeed in unification of provinces of India?

Answer: i) 1947 Integration Act
ii) A privy purse based on the province’s income
iii) Special facilities and status.

June 2015
1-How was Hyderabad merged into Indian Union?
Answer: Nizam refused to join the Union of India. There was severe hatred against Razakar
the cruel Army. The Indian Government sent an Army and defeated the Nizam.

March 2016
1-How was Goa liberated from the Portuguese?
Answer: i) Endless struggle

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ii) Suppressive measures by Portuguese

iii) Liberation movement from Satyagrahis
iv) Intervention of Indian Army, India took control over Goa (1961).

2-How did India deal with the problem of refugees?

Answer: i) Shelter
ii) Employment
iii) Land
iv) Education
v) Health care
vi) Social environment efforts were made to provide these facilities to refugees.

June 2016
1-Match the following persons given in List-A with their suitable facts given in List-B and
choose the correct answers from the combinations given below:
List-A List-B Answer
Fazal Ali (i) integration of provinces (a) — (iii),
(b) Sheikh Abdullah (ii) first President (b) — (iv),
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad (iii) State Reorganisation (c) — (ii),
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Commission (d) — (i)
(iv) National Conference Party
2-Which European Nation ruled for a longer duration over a part of India?
Answer: Portugal (Goa)

March 2017
1-Who was the first President of independent India?
Answer: Dr. Babu Rajendra Prasad

2-Why is Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel called as the ‘Iron man of India’?

Answer: He brought about a successful integration of provinces.

June 2017
1-In Group-A list of leaders and in Group-B their designations are given. Identify the group
that matches.
Group-A Group-B Answer
a-Jawaharlal Nehru i-First President (a) -(iv),
b-Dr. Rajendra Prasad ii-First Home Minister (b) - (i),
c-Sardar Vallabhbhai iii-Chairman of State Re-organizing (c) - (ii)
Patel Commission (d) - (i)
d-Justice Fazal Ali iv-First Prime Minister
2-Which European Nation ruled one of the parts of India for a very long period ?
Answer: Portugal

March 2018

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1- “Formation of Andhra Pradesh based on language was essential to Indian Government.”

Why?
Answer: — Potty Sriramulu took to fast unto death — Satyagraha
— to provide effective administration
— demand for linguistic states
— marking of linguistic boundaries.

June 2018
1- How was Junagadh merged with Indian Union?
Answer: i) Nawab’s will to join Pakistan
ii) People’s struggle-flee of Nawab
iii) Request made by Diwan to the Government of India
iv) Intervention of Indian Army
v) Public opinion. 2

2- How was Goa liberated from the Portuguese?

Answer: i) Endless struggle
ii) Suppression of agitation — (arrival of additional troops from
Africa and Europe)
iii) Liberation movement of Goa by the Satyagrahis
iv) Intervention of army — Goa captured.

March 2019
1- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is called ‘Iron Man of India’. Why?
Answer: Successful in the integration of princely states in Indian Union / Federation.

2- How did Government solve the Tibetan refugees problem ?

Answer: Government sanctioned 3000 acres of land to Tibetan refugees at Bylukuppe.

June 2019
1-It was inevitable for the formation of the linguistic states after Indian Independence.
Elucidate.
Answer: There was demand for languages-based states
Administration was not in local languages — demand became more and more severe.

March 2020
1- How was Goa liberated from Portuguese in 1961?
Answer: — Sustained protest
— Arrival of Portuguese army from Africa and Europe
— Satyagrahis declared exit of Portuguese in 1955
— Take over of Goa by Indian military in 1961.

2- Which way did D. Devraj Urs bring social reforms in Karnataka in 1970’s?
Answer: — Legal measures to free the downtrodden

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— Free the farmers from tenancy system

— Abolition of bonded labour
— Releasing the farmers from debt
— Eradicate the practice of carrying night soil on head.

September 2020
1-Refugees have become a huge problem since the partition of India. Substantiate.
Answer: — 6 million refugees came to India in 1947
— Lakhs of refugees came to India between 1947 and 1971
— 10 lakh refugees came to India as a result of Bangla Vimochana Movement in 1971
— Tibetians had arrived to India as refugees during Nehru’s time
— 1 lakh 20 thousand Tibetian refugees are in India
— Major famines destroyed Indian Financial Security still India showed humanitarian
concern.

March 2022
1-Who was the first President of India?
Answer: Dr. Babu Rajendra Prasad.

2-What were the problems faced by India at the time of Independence ?

Answer: — Communal violence
— Integration of princely states
— Instability of commerce, industry, trade
— Creating constitution / new government
— Neighbouring enemies
— Gender / Caste discrimination
— Refugees

June 2022
1-How was Goa liberated from the Portuguese in 1961 ?
Answer: — Sustained movement
— Order to vacate Goa
— Struggle of Satyagrahis
— Took over Goa by Indian military in 1961

March 2023
1-Goa was merged into Indian Union in
(A) 1951 (B) 1961
(C) 1953 (D) 1963
Answer: (B) 1961

2-Dr. D. M. Nanjundappa Committee was established with the objective to

(A) check communalism (B) check regionalism
(C) check illiteracy (D) check corruption

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Answer: (B) check regionalism.

3-The integration of Kashmir with Indian Union is unique compared to other provinces.
How ?
Answer: — King Hari Singh wanted to be independent
— Fearing a merger with India
— Pakistan incited the tribals
— Decided that merging with India that had a democratic republican constitution was
better than merging with which had a religious constitution
— King Hari Singh requested for help from Indian Government
— Pakistani attempt failed
— Jammu and Kashmir merged with India with certain conditions
— One part of Kashmir remained with Pakistan ( POK )
— India complained to UNO
— UNO ordered a ceasefire
— Kashmir occupied by Pakistan is called Pak occupied Kashmir
— For these reasons the integration of Jammu and Kashmir is unique.

June 2023
How was Goa liberated from Portuguese?
Answer: Endless struggle
Suppressing the movement
Liberation movement
Satyagraha struggle
Indian army intervened
1961- Captured Goa
Goa a Union territory.

March 2024
1-How was Junagadh merged into Indian Union?
Answer: — King wanted to merge into Pakistan
— People opposed
— King fled from the kingdom
— Dewan’s request to the Indian Government
— The army was sent
— Establish peace
— Junagadh was merged into Indian Union.

HISTORY:9
WORLD WARS AND INDIA’S ROLE

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. World War I ended in the year__________. (1919)

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2. Versailles Pact was signed in the year __________. (1919)

3. Fascist dictator was _______________ . (Mussolini)
4. The leader of the Nazi Party in Germany was _____________. (Hitler)
5. World War II started in the year __________.(1939)
6. Japan attacked the American Naval Centre at ___________.
7. As the head of Mysore Lancers __________ was sent to the war field.

II Discuss the following in groups and answer them:

8- Explain the immediate cause for World War I.

Answer: Austrian Prince Archduke visited Serbia.
Archduke was murdered.
Austria declared war on Serbia.

9- ‘Nazi ideology destroyed Germany’. Justify this statement.

Answer: Hitler nurtured ultra-Nationalism.
The Nazism advocated that Germans are the superior race of the world.
Declared Jews, Communists, Socialists are the non-Aryans.
Hitler declared non-Aryans are unfit to live.
Appointed ‘Gobbles’ to spread the theory of Nazism.
Used his ‘Brown Shirts’ to spread the theory of Nazism.
Created violence & confusion.

10- What were the causes for World War II?

Answer: Treaty of Versailles.
Failure of League of Nations.
Fall of Poland.
Rise of dictatorship in Germany & Italy.
Formation of rival alliances

11- Name the Commandants of Mysore Lancers.

Answer: A.T. Tyagaraj, A. Lingaraja Urs, Subbaraja Urs, B.P. Krishne Urs, Mir Turab Ali,
Sardar Bahadur, B. Chamaraja Urs and regimentdar B. Chamaraja Urs and Col. J. Desiraja
Urs.

12- What were the result of the World War II?

Answer: The war ended in 1945 and resulted in many political changes all over the world.
Many countries which were under the hold of England became independent.

13- Where is Tin murti chowk?

Answer: New Delhi

14- How did Britain utilise the resources of India during the second world war?
Answer: England utilised the agrarian products and industrial goods for the war.

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The ordinance factories upgraded their technology and expanded the volume of output of
war -related industrial goods.
Thus, quantitative and Qualitative development of weapons somewhat raised the
readiness of the Indian troops during the latter part of the II world war.

March:2015
In Group-A list of leaders and in Group-B their activities are given. Identify the group that
matches.
Answer:
A B Answer
Hitler National Fascist Party 2
Mussolini Nazi Party 1
2-What is meant by Cold War?
Answer: After IInd World War there existed constant fear, hatred, jealousy and
anxiety in political, economic, military and other affairs between the two Global powers.

June 2015
1-What were the effects of the Second World War?
Answer: Maximum deaths and injuries, social & political changes in the entire world.
 The United Nations Organization replaced the League of Nations.
 U.S.A. & Russia became the most aggressive rival countries.
 U.S.A., Russia, China, Britain and France became permanent members of U.N.O.

March 2016
1-Nazi ideology destroyed Germany. Justify.
Answer: i) Greatness of Aryan race
ii) Only Germans are eligible to rule the world
iii) Jews are responsible for Germans’ problems
iv) Appointment of ministers called ‘Goebels’.
v) Organisation of outfit called ‘Brown shirts’.
vi) Mass massacres ( Holocaust )
vii) Concentration camps
viii) Hitler’s ambition — cause for II World War.

March 2017
1-In Group-A list of leaders and in Group-B the role they played are given. Identify the
group that matches.
A B Answer
Hitler Dictator of Italy 2
Mussolini Dictator of Germany 1
2-The League of Nations was established to maintain peace. But it failed as
(A) the United Nations Organisation was established
(B) the Second World War broke out in 1939
(C) the First World War ended

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(D) the Cold War was started between USA and USSR.
Answer: B — the Second World War broke out in 1939.

March 2017
1-Explain the features of fascism.
Answer: i) Intense nationalistic attitude ii) Destruction of enemies iii) Glorification of
violence iv) Racial supremacy v) Imperialist expansion vi) Support to massacres.

June 2017
How did Nazi ideology destroy Germany?
Answer: i) Greatness of Aryan race and hatredness towards Jews.
ii) Advocated intense nationalism to assume dictatorship.
iii) Organized an outfit called 'Brown Shirts' to create fear.
iv) Mass massacres of millions of Jews and other people.
v) 'Concentration camps' and gas chambers.
vi) Declared war on Allied nations
vii) Defeated in the World War II.

June 2018
1- In Group-A list of leaders and in Group-B their activities are given. Identify the group
that matches.
Answer:
A B Answer
Hitler National Fascist Party 2
Mussolini Nazi Party 1
2- How did German industrialists help Hitler to become the dictator?
Answer: i) Helped to suppress Communists and Socialists
ii) Ban of Political parties
iii) Ban of Labour Unions.

3- Which mistake of Japan has made the people of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to face the
adverse effects even today?
Answer: As a revenge of Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbour America dropped atom
bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

March 2019
1- Output of Agriculture Sector dropped in America after First World War. Why ?
Answer: USA experienced stagnation in economic development due to the Great Economic
Depression.

2-What are the features of Fascism?

Answer: — Ultra-nationalism
— Ideas of destroying the other national forces
— Patronising violence

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— Racial superiority
— Expansion of national boundaries
— Support of human executions.

June 2019
1-The correct group of countries who led Cold War is
(A) USA — China
(B) China — Soviet Russia
(C) USA — Japan
(D) USA — Soviet Russia.
Answer: (D) — USA — Soviet Russia

2-How was Hitler responsible for the decline of Germany?

Answer: Hitler followed Nazism
Germans are superior and they are only fit to rule the world
Jews are the reason for all the problems of Germans
Implemented nationalism
Appointed a minister Gobble
Formed Brown Shirts
Mass killing, mass firing
Holocaust.

March 2020
1- “The Second World War was the most devastating war.” How?
Answer: — More than 30 countries participated
— Great economic depression
— Great hardships in Europe and USA
— Life standard of people dropped
— Industrial / agricultural growth stagnated
— Unemployment
— Millions of people died
— Use of atom power
— Destruction of many towns.

March 2022
1-The policy of keeping safe distance from both the Power Blocs of the world is known as
(A) Non-Alignment (B) Anti-Apartheid
(C) Anti-Imperialism (D) Disarmament.
Answer: (A) Non-Alignment

June 2022
1-The country that adopted Non-Aligned Policy in its Foreign policy is
(A) America (B) Russia
(C) China (D) India.

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Answer: (D) India

March 2023
1-What was the immediate cause for the First World War?
Answer: The assassination of the Austrian Prince, Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

June 2023
1- Who was the founder of the 'National Fascist Party' in Italy?
Answer: Mussolini

2- What is the importance of Teen Murti Bhavan?

Answer: War memorial of 3 lancers Mysore, Hyderabad, Jodhapur

March 2024
1- Teen Murti Bhavan is in
(A) Jodhpur
(B) Mysore
(C) Hyderabad
(D) New Delhi
Answer: (D) New Delhi

2-What was the immediate cause for the first World War ?
Answer: Assassination of the Austrian Prince Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand

POLITICAL SCIENCE:1
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - AN INTRODUCTION

I. Fill in the blanks in the following incomplete sentences

1) The father of public administration is _____________. (Woodrow Wilson)
2) The word Public administration was first used by ____________. (Alexander Hamilton)
3) The members of UPSC are appointed by_____________. (The President)
4) _________Article of Indian constitution mentions about state Public service
commission. (315)

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following questions:

5) Public administration is very essential at present. Discuss.

Answer: The life cycle of human beings depends on Public Administration. It is the heart of
a state. There is no state without Public Administration.
• The holistic development of human society and the survival of civic society depend on
effective Public Administration.
• It takes care of providing basic facilities, education, employment opportunities, protects
the state and ensures economic equality.

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6) Public administration functions from birth to death of a person. Justify the statement.
Answer: It maintains civil order and peace by protecting the life and property of citizens.
It takes care of providing basic facilities, education, employment opportunities, protects
the state and ensures economic equality. It provides numerous services like this.

7) Explain about the types of recruitment.

Answer: According to Staff Administration experts, there are two types of recruitment:
A. Direct Recruitment (External Recruitment)- Recruiting eligible candidates through
competitive examinations.
B. Internal Recruitment (Recruitment by promotion)- Selecting the eligible in-service
personnel to higher positions.

8) What is the role of state in maintaining law and order?

Answer: The rule of law is essential for the protection of all.
Law and order are mentioned in the 7th schedule of the constitution (state list).
So, maintaining law and order is one of the main duties of the state.
The Central Government has the constitutional power to direct the states in maintaining
the law and order.

POLITICAL SCIENCE:2
CHALLENGES OF INDIA AND THEIR REMEDIES

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1 Developing deep attachment with the place of living is called _________. (Communalism)
2 The Right to information act was implemented in the year ______. (2005)
3 According to 2011 census the literacy rate was _______. (74%)
4 __________ was the first woman judge of Supreme Court of India. (Fathima Beevi)

II Discuss in groups and answer.

5- What are the measures that can be undertaken to control communalism?

Answer: Strengthening the secular principles in all fields.
Developing a secular nationalism that inspire interfaith equality.
Treating all citizens equally.
Implementing confirm civil code, Adopting Secular principles in Education.
Enforcing orderly legal system, Developing a strong nationalism spirit.
Creating awareness among people about communal harmony.

6- Mention the steps taken to eradicate illiteracy.

Answer: ‘Sarva Siksha Abhiyan’ has been launched in 2001 to provide free education for
children of 6-14 years.
It provides education to girls, physically challenged and Priority for women awareness.

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In 1988 ‘National Literacy Mission’ has also been established by Government of India to
make illiterates literates.
‘Sakshara Bharath’ programme has been launched to eradicate illiteracy.
Recently through Article 21A of our Constitution education is made as fundamental right.
Right to Education-2009 has been guaranteed.
Compulsory free education has been implemented for the children between 6 and 14
years.

7- What are the measures undertaken by the government of India to eliminate Gender
discrimination?
Answer: The ministry of women and child welfare have been started at the centre and
States to improve education and development of women.
Women violence protection domestic Act 2005 was enacted. “Prohibition of sexual
harassment of women in working place” Act 2013 has implemented.
Helpline number 1091 facility for women provided.

8- Which are the methods to be undertaken to solve problems due to the rise of
population explosion?
Answer: Literacy, technical education, agriculture development, industrial progress,
increasing exports creation of additional employment opportunities in urban and rural
areas are the methods or ways to solve the problems caused by over population.

9- Who are Gender Minorities? What initiatives have been taken to eliminate
discrimination of Gender Minorities?
Answer: Physically and mentally, individuals who had feel and act opposite to their genitial
behaviour are called gender minorities.
In 2014, the Supreme Court gave a landmark judgment regarding the gender minority.
The Government of India has enacted the Protection of Rights of Transgender Minority
Protection Act-2019.
Government of India under the Ministry of Empowerment and Justice has implemented a
sub-project ‘Integrated Rehabilitation for the Welfare of Gender Minority Persons’.

10- Make a list of programmes implemented to eradicate poverty.

Answer: BPL cards are issued to the poor families.
Five-year plans in India are directed to eradicate poverty and increase percapita income.
Jawahar Rozgar yojana, Rural Employment Guarantee Programe, Pradhan Mantri
Gramodaya Yojanas are some of the schemes undertaken to reduce poverty.
Ours is a country with vast natural as well as human resources.
Proper utilization of these resources on productive lines could reduce poverty in our
country.
Increase in production and proper distribution of wealth can be achieved by economic
reforms.

11- Profiteering results in various negative consequences. Justify the statement.

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Answer: profiteering increases economic crimes in society.

It leads to creation of more black money, encourages unethical business transactions and
leads to rise in prices.
That further leads to increase in inflation and increases poverty.
Most of the income of people goes into the hands of few wealthy merchant class.

12- What is meant by smuggling? What are your suggestions to control it?
Answer: smuggling means to take things into or out of a country secretly in a way that is
not allowed by the laws.
Suggestions: Proper awareness among the citizens has to be created that smuggling is an
anti-national and economically a crime.
Social boycott of smuggled goods has an effect to check and control smuggling.

March:2015
1-National Literacy Mission was established in the year
(A) 1987 (B) 1988 (C) 1989 (D) 1990.
Answer:1988

June 2015
1-What is communalism?
Answer: It refers to the split of the National community on the basis of religion.

2- What are the steps our Government has taken to eradicate illiteracy?
Answer: Sarva Siksha Abhiyana has been launched
 National Literacy Mission has also been established
 Sakshara Bharath Programme has been launched
 Article 21 of our Constitution, Right to Education, 2009. Compulsory and free education
between 6 and 14 years.

3-What are the measures to control growth of population?

Answer: Family planning
 Infant mortality
 Field plans
 Women Welfare projects
 Publicity and Advertisement.

March 2016
1-The programme implemented by Government of Karnataka for the development of rural
women is
(A)Lok Ayukta (B) Stree Shakti (C) Sakshara Bharat (D) Family planning programme
Answer: B — Stree Shakti

2-“Communalism is harmful to Natio”s progress. How?

Answer: i) Splits the society on the basis of religion.

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ii) Creates threat

iii) Affects National integrity
iv) Leads to social unrest
v) Ruins life and property.

June 2016
1-Which is the programme implemented by the Government of Karnataka for the
development of rural women ?
Answer: “Streeshakti Programme”

2-Write any four measures taken by the government to improve literacy rate.
Answer: i) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan — 2001
ii) Education to girls and physically challenged
iii) National Literacy Mission — 1988
iv) Sakshar Bharath Programme
v) Article 21A Right to Education
vi) RTE-2009.

3-“Rapid growth of population is harmful for our Nation’s progress.” How ?

Answer: i) Unemployment problem
ii) Shortage of food, lack of nutrition
iii) Pressure on civic and social amenities
iv) Low per capita income
v) Slow rate of economic development
vi) Political unrest
vii) Social problems.

March 2017
1-Why was Dr. D. M. Nanjundappa Committee formed?
Answer: To remove regional imbalance.

June 2017
1-Why did Government of Karnataka form Dr. D. M. Nanjundappa Committee ?
Answer: To achieve regional balance

2-What are the measures taken by the Government to improve the status of women ?
Answer: i) Established Department for Women and Children Development.
ii) Stress for female education
iii) Prohibition of Child Marriage Act
iv) Dowry Prohibition Act.
v) Implemented 'Stree Shakti' programme.
vi) Loans for self-employment
vii) Mahila Mandalas, Yuvathi Mandalas, Stree Shakti groups are organized.
viii) Self-help groups and Women Co-operative Societies are started.

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ix) Women Commissions at State and National levels.

x) Reservations in legislatures at local bodies.

March 2018
1- Which are the steps taken by the Indian Government to eradicate illiteracy?
Answer: — Sarva Shiksha Abhiyana
— National Literacy Mission
— ‘Sakshara Bharath’ programme
— Right to Education
— Free and Compulsory Primary Education
— Girl child education.

June 2018
1-The programme launched by the Government of India in 2001 to provide free education
for children between 6 to 14 years is
(A) National Literacy Mission (B) Sakshara Bharat
(C) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (D) National Adult Education.
Answer: C — Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

3- “Population explosion is the cause for many problems.” Justify.

Answer: i) Unemployment
ii) Shortage of food
iii) Lack of nutrition
iv) Lack of civic amenities
v) Low per-capita income
vi) Decrease in National income
vii) Slow rate of Economic development
viii) Political unrest
ix) Social problems (begging, prostitution)
x) Formation of slum areas in cities
xi) Increase in crimes
xii) Illiteracy
xiii) Poverty.

June 2019
1-What are the measures taken by the government to eradicate poverty?
Answer: To generate employment for people
Education to development and jobs
Providing loans and subsidy
Self-employment
Handicraft and products created out of self-employment
encouraged
Subsidy.

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March 2020
1- “Balika Sanghas” for the empowerment of girls have to be found and maintained by
(A) Child Right Protection Units
(B) Children Gram Sabha
(C) Child Protection Committee
(D) Anganwadis.
Answer: (D) — Anganawadis

2- What are your suggestions to eradicate communalism being an internal problem of

India?
Answer: — Uniform civil code
— Equality among citizens
— Secular values
— National interest
— Foster the faiths of all people
— Check communalism
— Support the integrity, equality and fraternity
— Respect to cultural diversity
— Commitment for secular society.

September 2020
1-In recent days, situations are supporting women to achieve betterment. How ?
Answer: — Women and Child Development Department
— Improved status, better health, education
— Curbs child marriage
— Dowry Prohibition Act
— Compulsory education
— Stree Shakti, Women self-help groups
— Establishment of Women’s Commission
— Attempts are made to provide reservation in Legislature bodies
— Reservation in Local bodies
— Reservation in Government recruitment.

March 2022
1- Which measures are taken to improve the status of women in India?
Answer: — Women and Child Development department
— Women Education
— Child Marriage Prohibition Act
— Dowry Prohibition Act
— Compulsory Education
— Stree Shakti
— Associations
— Self help groups
— Women’s Commissions

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— Political / local bodies / Government recruitment reservations

— Loans / Subsidies for self employment.

June 2022
1-What are the measures taken by the government to improve the status of women ?
Answer: — Women and Child Development department
— Women Education
— Child Marriage Prohibition Act
— Dowry Prohibition Act
— ‘Stree Shakti’ programme
— Loans and Subsidy for self employment
— Women Self Help groups
— Women’s Commission
— Reservation in Government jobs
— Reservations at legislature bodies and local bodies.

March 2023
1-What is Communalism?
— Split of the community on the basis of religion.
— Creates religious division resulting in mutual distrust and threat.

2-What measures are taken by the Government of India to remove illiteracy ?

Answer: — ‘Sarva Siksha Abhiyan’ was launched in 2001
— Priority was given for education to physically challenged
— Women’s education and awareness
— In 1988 National Literacy Mission was started
— Sakshara Bharath
— Education is made fundamental right
— Right to Education, 2009
— Compulsory free education for 6-14 years.

June 2023
1-What are the measures taken to increase literacy by the government in India?
Answer: Sarva Siksha Abhiyan in 2001
Provides education to girls
Educate physically
Priority for women awareness
In 1988 National Literacy Mission
Sakshara Bharath Programme
Article 21A declared education as fundamental right
Right to Education, 2009
Compulsory free education for the age between 614 years' children
Programmes launched for illiterates to literates
RTE-2009.

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March 2024

1-How is the government trying to increase literacy in India?

Answer: — Sarva Siksha Abhiyan
— National Literacy Mission
— Sakshara Bharat
— Fundamental Rights
— Right to Education.

2-“Status of women in India is improving nowadays.” Justify.

Answer: — Started Women and Children Development Department
— Women’s education
— Prohibition of Child Marriage
— Dowry Prohibition Act
— Stree Shakti programme
— Loan and subsidy
— Mahila Mandals
— Yuvati Mandals
— Stree Shakti organisations
— Self help groups
— Women Co-operative Societies
— Women Commission
— Reservation for Women.

POLITICAL SCIENCE:3
INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1 The architect of Indian foreign policy is __________. (Jawaharlal Nehru)

2 The world Human Rights Day is celebrated on __________. (10Th December)
3 India as a peace-loving country advocate __________. (disarmament)

II- Discuss in group and answer the following questions.

4- What is foreign policy?

Answer: A policy to regulate one country‟s interaction with other countries.

5- Which are basic principles of India’s foreign policy?

Answer: 1. Opposition to colonialism
2. Opposition to imperialism
3. Opposition to Racial discrimination
4. Policy of Non-Alignment

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5. Priority for the progress of African and Asian Countries

6. Support for disarmament
7. Support to United Nations (UNO) and world peace

6- Which are the challenges faced by world after the second world war?
Answer: Denial of human rights.
Armament race.
Economic inequality.
Racism and.
Terrorism

7- Mention the measures taken by India to protect human rights.

Answer: India has always championed the cause of universal human rights.
It provided for fundamental rights Constitution itself and thereby played a vital role in
throwing light on this issue.
In UN general assembly India always upheld the cause of basic rights of human beings.
National commission for Human Rights has been established.
National Women’s commission was established.
National backward commission was formed

8- Arms race is a way for global destruction, in this backdrop mention the result of arms
race.
Answer: Arms race appears to be a dangerous.
Threats of war appear.
Nuclear fear.
Insecurity.
Fear of third world war.
Creates instability.

9- What are the features of economically backward nations? Describe the reasons for their
backwardness.
Answer: Features: Poverty and unemployment rates are high.
In adequate utilization of natural resources.
Poor quality of education.
Ill health and malnutrition are high.
Lack of technology, lack of proper infrastructure is found in these countries.
Reasons: Backward in science.
Lack of technology.
Agricultural backwardness.
Lack of transportation Lack of education facility.
Ill-health.
Shortage of food.
Low per capita.
National income.

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10- Mention the measures under taken by India to remove economic inequality among
nations.
Answer: Creation of employment.
Expansion of industries.
Expansion of service sector.
Equal distribution of income and wealth.
Employment guarantee programmes.
Population control.

11. Describe the effects of terrorism.

Answer: It create fear
Such acts are based on religious, political or ideological goal causing heavy damage to men
and materials.
It creates heavy psychological impact.
It causes negative impact on civilized society and governments.
Terrorism is a political tactic which creates fear complexities
and glorifies the ideology of the Terrorist Organizations.

12. What measures undertaken by India to tackle challenge of terrorism?

Answer: Our Central Government as well as state Governments are continuously venturing
to control terrorism and thereby protect men and property.
Anti-terrorist forces are set up specially trained to combat terrorism.
Many a time our Defence Forces are pressed into action to throw-out terrorism.
India has even assisted the neighbour countries like Srilanka to restrain terrorist activities.
As a peace-loving nation India is against terrorism.

March:2015
1-Mention any four effects of terrorism.
Answer: i) it may be aimed at civilians, armed personnel and a linguistic, religious, racial or
ethnic group of a state.
ii) cause social disturbance.

2-Which are the Panchsheel principles adopted by India to improve the International
Relationship?
Answer: i) Mutual respect for national integrity and sovereignty
ii) Non-aggression
iii) Non-interference in internal affairs
iv) Mutual assistance and equality v) Peaceful co-existence.

June 2015
1-Indo-China relationship is based on ................... principles.
(A) Communist and Hindu
(B) Political and Economic

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(C) Panchsheel and Hindi Chini Bhai Bhai

(D) Democracy and Equality

Answer: C — Panchsheel and Hindi Chini Bhai Bhai

4- What are the effects of terrorism?

Answer:  Terrorism might have fuelled by religions
 Mass destruction
 Targetted maximum fear
 Heavy damage to men and materials
 Negative impact on civilized society & government.

5- What are the principles of Panchsheel ?

Answer: Mutual respect
 Non-aggression
 Non-interference
 Mutual assistance
 Peaceful co-existence.

March 2016
1-December 10th of 1948 is an important day in the history of UNO, because on that day
(A) Human Rights were declared (B) UNO was established
(C) Disarmament was achieved (D) Racial discrimination was ended.
Answer: A — Human Rights were declared

2-How does racial discrimination adversely affect world peace and peaceful co-existence?
Answer: It is inhuman and against human rights

3-Who fought against the racial discrimination in Africa?

Answer: Nelson Mandela.

4-Mention the factors that influenced the formation of our foreign policy.
Answer: i) National interest
ii) Geographical aspects
iii) Political situation
iv) Economic system
v) Defence capability
vi) Public opinion
vii) International circumstances.

June 2016
1- India followed Non-Aligned foreign policy. It means India
(A) joined the American bloc (B) maintained equal distance from both blocs
(C) joined the Russian bloc (D) followed a policy of expansionism.

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Answer: B — maintained equal distance from both blocs

2-“India has been striving hard towards upholding the human rights.” Justify this
statement.
Answer: i) Fundamental Rights in the Constitution
ii) Defended human rights in the UNO
iii) Condemned slave trade, human trafficking, child labour and exploitation
iv) Championing the cause of universal human rights.

3-Which are the fundamental factors of Indian foreign policy ?

Answer: i) Panchsheel Principles
— mutual respect for national integrity and sovereignty
— non-aggression
— non-interference in internal affairs
— mutual assistance and equality
— peaceful co-existence.
ii) Non-Alignment
iii) Against Colonialism
iv) Against racial discrimination
v) Disarmament.

March 2017
1-Explain the effects of terrorism.
Answer: i) Heavy damage to men and material
ii) Creates heavy psychological impact
iii) Negative impact on civilized society and government
iv) Creates fear
v) Causes mass destruction.

2-Why is India championing the cause of Disarmament as very essential for the present-
day world?
Answer: i) Eliminating arms and ammunitions gradually
ii) Heavy competition in manufacturing marketing and stocking arms
iii) Fear of third world war
iv) Fear of use of nuclear weapons
v) India is peace loving country
vi) Upholds the policy of world peace and mutual co-existence.

3-ndian foreign policy has been hailed as “Nehru’s Foreign Policy”. Why?
Answer: i) Discharged the duties of Foreign Affairs Ministry successfully.
ii) Adopted Non-Aligned Policy.

June 2017
1- The terrorist attack on Hotel Taj in Mumbai on 26/11 has strained the relations between

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India — Nepal (B) India — Myanmar (C) India — Pakistan (D) India — Sri Lanka.
Answer: (C) India — Pakistan

2-What are the effects of terrorism?

Answer: i) Damages men and materials
ii) Psychological impact
iii)Negative impact on social culture and Government
iv) Creates terrific situation in society.
v) Spreads religious fundamentalism and racial discrimination.
vi) Uses destructive weapons and poisonous gases.
vii) Negative impact on economy.

3-Which are the factors influencing India’s foreign policy?

Answer: : i) National interest
ii) Geographical aspects
iii) Political situation
iv) Economic system
v) Defence capability
vi) Public opinion
vii) International circumstances.

March 2018
1-India successfully supported Nelson Mandela because
(A) India called Nelson Mandela as African Gandhi
(B) Indian foreign policy is against Apartheid policy
(C) India is a leading member of the U.N.O.
(D) India follows N.A.M.
Answer: B — Indian foreign policy is against Apartheid policy

2-We observe 10th December as ‘Human Rights Day’ because

(A) Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery on 10th December, 1865
(B) Nelson Mandela was released from prison on 10th December, 1993
(C) U.N.O. declared Universal Human Rights on 10th December, 1948
(D) India declared Fundamental Rights to its citizens.
Answer: C — U.N.O. declared Universal Human Rights on 10th December, 1948

3-What is meant by Colonialism?

Answer: The occupying of one nation by another and using the former for the selfish
purpose of the latter.

4-“India is playing a very important role in upholding the Human Rights.” Substantiate.
Answer: — India always championed the cause of Universal Human Rights
— It provided Fundamental Rights in the constitution

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— It provided Right to life, Right to liberty, to security, to equality, freedom of religion,

cultural and educational rights
— Even in General Assembly, it always upheld the human rights
— India is against genocide and all sorts of exploitation and oppression
— Through the UNO it always urged the protection of human rights.

June 2018
1-“Terrorism is an illegal and anti-social act.” Justify.
Answer: i) Heavy damage to men and material
ii) Psychological impact
iii) Negative impact on society and government
iv) Creates fear
v) Series of blasts
vi) Religious fundamentalism
vii) Separatist ideas
viii) Racialism
ix) Usage of explosives or poisonous gases
x) Suicide attacks
xi) Hijacking
xii) Gun battle
xiii) Keeping the targeted persons or innocents as hostages.

March 2019
1- U.N.O. adopted the Human Rights Declaration in the year
(A) 1945 (B) 1950 (C) 1947 (D) 1948
Answer: (D) — 1948

March 2019
1- What is Disarmament?
Answer: — The process of elimination of specific arms step by step.
— The direct process available to bring down the number of arms or elimination of certain
arms.

June 2019
1- India being peace loving country is advocating a limited disarmament. Why ?
Answer: -Impractical and impossible to attain total disarmament
-Every country needs arms for its protection.

2 Which factors inspired the movements for human rights ?

Answer: 1776 — The American War of Independence
1789 — The French Revolution
Freedom Struggle of India.

March 2020

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1- When is Human Rights Day celebrated?

Answer: 10th December

2- The Prime Minister of India who signed the Panchsheel Principles with China’s Premier
Chou En-Lai was
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru
(B) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
Answer: (A) — Jawaharlal Nehru

3- What are the aims of India’s Foreign Policy ?

Answer: National Security
— Enriching economy
— Spreading the cultural richness
— Increasing friendly countries and check enemies
— World peace and co-existence.

September 2020
1- Many issues have influenced our changing foreign policy. How ?
Answer: — National interests
— Military issues
— Public opinion
— International situation
— Political situations
— Geographical interests
— Economic interest.

March 2021
1-The Panchsheel principles were signed between
(A) India and Nepal
(B) India and Bhutan
(C) India and China
(D) India and Sri Lanka
Answer: (C) India and China

2-The Foreign Policy of India is also called as

(A) Foreign Policy of Ambedkar
(B) Foreign Policy of Sardar Patel
(C) Foreign Policy of Nehru
(D) Foreign Policy of Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: (C) Foreign Policy of Nehru

March 2022

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1-When do we celebrate the Human Rights Day every year?

Answer: December 10.

2-Explain the struggle of India for the implementation of Human Rights.

Answer: — Fundamental rights in the Constitution of India
— Advocated human rights implementation in U.N.O.
— National Commission for Human Rights
— For Scheduled Castes
— For Scheduled Tribes
— National Women’s Commission
— Backward Classes / Minority Commissions
— Similar State Commissions.

3- Which are the Panchsheel Principles ?

Answer: — Respect to sovereignty / regional interests
— Non-invasion of each other
— Non-interference in internal issues
— Mutual co-operation / respect
— Peaceful coexistence.

June 2022
1-What were the major problems that emerged after World War II?’
Answer: — Denial of Human Rights
— Arms race
— Economic inequality
— Apartheid policy
— Terrorism.

2- Which factors have influenced on the Foreign policy of India?

Answer: — National interests
— Geographical interests
— Political situation
— Economic interests
— Military issues
— Public opinion
— International situation.

March 2023
1-What measures are taken to check terrorism in India?
Answer: — India’s policy is totally against terrorism
— Central and State governments are venturing to control
— Protect men and property
— Anti-terrorist forces are set up
— Defence Forces are pressed in to throw out terrorism

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— Peace loving nation

— Against terrorism in world level.

June 2023
1- When is Human Rights Day observed?
Answer: 10th December

2- What are the main features of colonial ruled economically backward nations?
Answer: Lack of food
Lack of capital
Lack of technology
Lack of technology
Lack of medical facility
Lack of higher educational amenities
Low per capita income
unemployment
Malnutrition.

POLITICAL SCIENCE:4
WORLD ORGANIZATIONS

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1- UN has been established in __________. (1945)

2- The Headquarters of UN is situated in the city of __________.(Newyork)
3- The organ of the UN resembling the Cabinet is __________. (Security Council)
4- Tenure of Judges of International Court of Justice is __________ years. (Nine)
5- The head office of FAO is at ______________. (Rome).
6- International Court of Justice is at __________. (Hague)
7- The present Secretary General of UNO is __________. (Antonio Guterres )
8- World Health Organisation has been started in the year __________. (1948)
9- SAARC has been established in the year __________. (1985)

II- Discuss in group and answer in Two or Three sentences.

10- Who are responsible for the formation of UN.

Answer: The persons responsible for formation of UN are.
Winston Churchill of England.
Joseph Stalin of Russia.
Franklin D Roosevelt of America

11- Which are the main organs of UN?

Answer: General assembly.
Security council.

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Economic and social council

Trusteeship council.
International court of Justice.
Secretariat

12- Who are the permanent members of Security Council?

Answer: USA, England, France, Russia, China.

13- What are the objectives of WHO?

Answer: Population explosion control.
Environment protection.
Eradication of hunger and malnutrition.

14- Prepare the list of activities of International Labour Organization?

Answer: Social security of labours.
Health security of labours.
Maternity benefits to women labour.

15- Expand the word SAARC.

Answer: South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation.

III- Discuss in group and answer in 6 to 10 sentences.

16- List out the objectives of UN.

Answer: To maintain international peace and security.
To develop friendly relations among nations.
To establish faith in fundamental human rights.

17- Explain the formation of General Assembly.

Answer: It is a general body consisting of all members of UNO.
Each country can send 5 members.
In its first session they elect a president and 17 vice presidents.

18- What are the activities of Economics and social Council?

Answer: Solutions to housing problem.
Eradication of refugee’s problem.
Observance of human rights

19- Explain the role of UN in maintaining world peace.

Answer: Peace keeping operations.
Solutions to disputes like Suez Canal, Iran, Kashmir, Korea, Palestine.
Achieving disarmament.

20- What are the functions of UNESCO.

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Answer: Promotion of science.

Protecting world heritage.
Promotion of education and culture.
Development of technical education

21- Explain the role of IMF in solving the economic problems of the World.
Answer: It also aims to bring sound balance of payments situations.
It also grants long term loans.

22- List out the objectives of Commonwealth of Nations.

Answer: Upholding of democracy.
Assisting to eradicate poverty.
Promotion of sports, science, culture.
Liable to world organization.

23- Explain the European Union.

Answer: It is union of 21 European countries.
It is established in 1992 according to Maastricht treaty.
It implements a common single market, a single currency.

March:2015
1-The headquarters of W.T.O. is at (A) Geneva (B) Paris (C) Rome (D) New Delhi.
Answer: A — Geneva

2-Where is International Court of Justice?

Answer: The Hague

3-“UN Security Council plays an important role in International Court of Justice.” How ?
Answer: It elects the Judges.

June 2015
1-The permanent members of the Security Council are ------------------
(A) U.S.A., India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and China
(B) U.S.A., Russia, Britain, France and China
(C) U.S.A., Russia, Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh
(D) U.S.A., Switzerland, China, Nepal and India.
Answer: B — U.S.A., Russia, Britain, France and China.

2-Why should we purchase UNICEF cards?

Answer: Utilized for the welfare of the children.

March 2016
1-IMF plays an important role in solving the economic problems of the world. Justify this
statement.

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Answer: i) Solves economic problems

ii) Promotes World Trade
iii) Promotes economic stability
iv) Promotes sound balance payment
v) Central Bank of central banks
vi) Strives to harmonize relations between advanced and poor nations.

June 2016
1- Which organ of the U.N.O. has been called the World Parliament?
Secretariat (B) Security Council (C) General Assembly (D) Trusteeship Council.
Answer: C — General Assembly

2-Who coined the term ‘United Nations’ for the first time?
Answer: Franklin D’ Roosevelt

March 2017
1-The headquarters of UNO is located at
(A) Paris (B) Geneva (C) Washington (D) New York.
Answer: D — New York

June 2017
1-24th October, 1945 is a significant day because
(A) United Nations Organization ( UNO ) was established
(B) Commonwealth of Nations was started
(C) European Union was formed
(D) ‘SAARC’ Regional Organization was formed.
Answer: (A) United Nations Organization ( UNO) was established.

2- The functions of the ‘Trusteeship Council’ of UNO has decreased. Why?

Answer: The number of Trust territories and administrating nations have decreased.

June 2017
1-What are the remedial measures to solve the problem of unemployment?
Answer: i) Population control
ii) Encouragement to Cottage Industries
iii) Agricultural development
iv) Industrial development
v) Educational reforms
vi) Five-Year Plans
vii) Encouragement to vocational programmes
viii) Rural development programmes
ix) Employment guarantee programmes.

March 2018

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1- How is Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) working to solve the world problems?
Answer: — improvement of agriculture
— providing nutritious food
— liberation of world population from hunger
— improvement of living conditions of rural people.

June 2018
1- The headquarters of UNO is located at
(A) New York (B) Paris (C) Rome (D) Geneva.
Answer: A — New York

2- How is UNICEF striving hard for the development of children?

Answer: i) Utilizes money collected by selling the greeting cards for the welfare of children.
Provides favourable condition for the development of women and children.

March 2019
1- The correct statement related to U.N.O. Security Council is
(A) it has 15 permanent members
(B) it is like a cabinet of U.N.O.
(C) it has its headquarters in Paris
(D) that India has got permanent membership recently
Answer: (B) — it is like cabinet of U.N.O.

2-Explain the aims of United Nations Organization.

Answer: — Safeguarding peace and security
— Fostering co-operation
— Improving faith in the human rights
— Exploring co-operation to solve problems
— Providing recognition to agreements and conditions
— Striving to build mutual trust and co-operation.

June 2019
1-Headquarters of Food and Agricultural Organisation is at
(A) Rome (B) New Delhi
(C) New York (D) Geneva.
Answer: (A) — Rome

2-What are the achievements of UNO?

Answer: Peace keeping functions
Economic and financial achievements
Social achievements
Solved many political conflicts
Resolving crisis of Suez Canal
Crises of Iran, Indonesia, Palestine and Kashmir, Korea, Hungarian issues.

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To work for disarmament

Strive to uplift the socio-economic status of people
GAIT, UNESCO, WHO, UNICEF to work and declaration of human rights.

March 2020
1-Explain the functions of the UN Security Council.
Answer: — Solve global problems peacefully
— Deploys U.N. peace keeping force
— Selects the judge of International Court of Justice
— Suggests the nomination of Secretary General.

September 2020
1-What is the main objective of Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) ?
Answer: To fight against poverty Malnutrition and hunger all over the world.

2-Why is Security Council considered as the Cabinet of UNO?

Answer: — Strives to solve global problems peacefully
— Deploys UN peace keeping force
— Selects the Judges of International Court of Justice
— Maintains peace and order
— Suggests the nomination of Secretary General for UNO.

March 2023
1-Explain the role of IMF in solving the economic problems of the world.
Answer: — Try to solving international economic problems
— Promote world trade
— Helpful to economic stability
— Sound balance of payment
— Central Bank of central banks
— Strives to harmonize the economic relations of advanced and poor nations.

June 2023
1-3. The country supporting Indian claim for permanent seat in U.N. Security Council, is
(A) USA (B) Britain (C) Russia (D) France
Answer: (C) Russia

2- What are the functions of the UNESCO?

Answer: Promotion of sciences education and culture
Technical education
Information technology
Creative mind
Cultural studies
Environmental Science
Assists state and non-state institutions.

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March:2024
1- The declaration of Human Rights made by UNO was in the year
(A) 1947
(B) 1945
(C) 2007
(D) 1948
Answer: (D) 1948

2-Which organ is known as the cabinet of the UNO?

Answer: The Security Council

3-How is the Security Council of UNO formed?

Answer: — 15 members
— 5 permanent members
— 10 non-permanent members
— Elected for a term of two years by the General Assembly
— Represent various geographical regions
— Each member country has one vote
— Permanent members support is essential for every important decision.

SOCIOLOGY:1
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1- ‘Truly the whole mankind is one’ is declared by __________. (Pampa)

2- ‘Untouchability is a stigma on Hindu religion’. This was told by _________ (Mahatma
Gandhi)
3- Section _________ of the Constitution declares that practice of untouchability is a
punishable offence. (17)

II Discuss the following in groups and write the answers:

4- What is meant by social stratification?

Answer: The method of dividing people into different strata and then assigning different
roles and status in the society is called as Social Stratification.

5- How has social stratification been created?

Answer: social stratification was created by the society on the basis of income, education,
caste, colour, gender, occupation, intelligence etc.

6- What is meant by prejudice?

Answer: Prejudice is the opinion a person forms about another person or community even
before he gets to know them.

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7- What are the constitutional and legal measures undertaken to eradicate untouchability?
Explain.
Answer: 1) The Article 17 of the Indian Constitution prohibits Untouchability.
2) The government of India has implemented Crime Act‟ in 1955.
3) Civil Rights Protection Act was implemented in 1976
4) According to this act, practicing untouchability is a crime.
5) Universal rights to vote and participate in election has also been provided.
6) Reservation has been given in the field of education and employment for Scheduled
Castes and Tribes scheduled along with backward classes.
7) The Act of 1989 has given some specific responsibilities for the governments in the
eradication of Untouchability.
8) Equality to all

8- What are the suggestions to stop the social evil of untouchability?

Answer: Creating awareness among people against the social evil of untouchably
Providing education to the people of depressed classes
Spreading the teachings of social reformers and thinkers in the society.

March:2015
1-Who expressed “Truly the whole mankind is one” (Manav Kul Tanondevalam)
(A) Janna (B) Pampa (C) Ranna (D) Ponna.
Answer: (B) Pampa

2-What are the legal measures undertaken to check untouchability?

Answer: i) Untouchability Crime Act was implemented in 1955.
ii) Citizen Rights Protection Act in 1976
iii) Right to equality
iv) Provided reservation in educational, political, economic and employment opportunities
v) The regulation of 1989 confers special responsibilities to the State Govt.
vi) To provide equal opportunities to all its citizens.

June 2015
1-Section ................. of the Constitution declares that practice of untouchability is a
punishable offence.
(A)11 (B) 17 (C) 13 (D) 15.
Answer: B — 17

2-What are the constitutional and legal measures undertaken to eradicate untouchability?
Explain.
Answer:  Section 17
 Untouchability Crime Act
 Citizen Rights Protection Act, 1976
 Universal Suffrage and Right

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 Reservation
 The Regulation of 1989
 State and Central Govt. Reforms.

March 2016
Explain the constitutional and legal measures undertaken to eradicate untouchability.
Answer: i) Prohibition of practice of untouchability ( Art. 17 )
ii) Untouchability Crime Act, 1955
iii) Citizens’ Rights Protection Act, 1976
iv) Universal Suffrage, Right to equality
v) Reservation in educational, political, economic and employment opportunities.
vi) The regulation of 1989 — State Govt.
vii) All citizens are equal.

June 2016
1-What is meant by Social Stratification?
Answer: The practice of classifying people as upper class and lower class on the basis of
income, education, caste, colour, gender, occupation, intelligence etc.

2-What are the constitutional and legal measures undertaken to eradicate untouchability?
Answer: i) Prohibition of the practice of untouchability — Article 17 ii) Untouchability
Crime Act, 1955 iii) Citizens’ Rights Protection Act, 1976 iv) Universal Suffrage, Right to
Equality v) Reservation in educational, political, economic and employment, opportunities
vi) Eradication of Untouchability Act, 1989, responsibilities to State Governments.

March 2017
1-‘Truly, the whole mankind is one’ was declared by the Kannada poet
(A)Ranna (B) Pampa (C) Janna (D) Ponna.
Answer: B — Pampa

2-Explain the constitutional and legal measures undertaken to eradicate untouchability.

Answer: i) Prohibition of practice of untouchability ( Art 17 )
ii) Untouchability Crime Act, 1955
iii) Citizens’ Rights Protection Act, 1976
iv) Universal Suffrage, Right to equality
v) Reservation in educational, political, economic and employment opportunities
vi) Eradication of untouchability — special responsibilities to State Govts. — Regulation of
1989
vii) Equal opportunities to all citizens.

June 2017
1-How is the government trying to solve untouchability?
Answer: i) Prohibition of practice of untouchability-Article 17.
ii) Untouchability Crime Act 1955

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iii) Citizens' Rights Protection Act 1976

iv) Universal Suffrage, Right to equality
v) Reservation in educational, political, economic and employment opportunities
vi) Special Responsibilities to State Governments 1989
vii) Equal civil opportunities.

June 2018
1- “In recent days the practice of untouchability is fading in India.” Justify.
Answer: i) Literacy
ii) Constitutional facilities for people of all class and caste
iii) Special facilities for backward castes and classes
iv) Social awareness
v) Transport and communication
vi) Prohibition of the practice of untouchability — 17 Art.
vii) Untouchability Crime Act — 1955
viii) Citizens’ Rights Protection Act — 1976
ix) Right to equality
x) Role of Mass-media
xi) Urbanization
xii) Inter-caste marriages.

2-Unemployment is a serious social problem. Explain.

Answer: Leads to
i) Poverty
ii) Ill health
iii) Corruption
iv) Family disintegration
v) Cheating
vi) Deception
vii) Robbery
viii) Prostitution.

March 2019
1-Explain the legal provisions brought to eradicate untouchability in India.
Answer: — The Article 17 of Constitution
— Untouchability Crime Act, 1955
— Civil Rights Protection Act, 1976
— Universal rights to vote and participate in election
— Reservation in education and employment
— Special responsibility for State Government-1989
— Articles 15, 16, 17, 38, 39
— Articles 16(4), 320(4), 330, 332, 334
— Articles 29 and 25.

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June 2019
1-Mention the constitutional measures to eradicate untouchability.
Answer: • The Article 17 of the Constitution of India prohibits untouchability.
1955 — Implemented Untouchability Crime Act
1976 — Civil Right Protection Act was implemented
Practising untouchability is a crime
Universal rights to vote and participation in election
Reservation has been given in the fields — education and employment
1989 — has given some specific responsibilities for State Government All are equal Special
interest in providing equality to all.

March 2020
1-How does social stratification exist in different forms?
Answer: — Primitive society
— Slavery
— Estate system
— Varna system
— Caste system.

September 2020
1- In recent days, the problem of untouchability is declining. Justify.
Answer: — Article 17 prohibits untouchability
— Untouchability Offences Act is implemented
— Protection of Civil Rights Act
— Universal right to vote and participate in election
— Reservation in the field of Education and employment
— Specific responsibilities for state Government
— Article 15, 16, 17, 38 and 46
— Reservation in politics
— Article 25 Right to enter public temple.

March 2022
1- Write the legal measures to eradicate untouchability in India.
Answer: — Prohibition of Untouchability — Article 17
— Untouchability Offence Act-1955
— Protection of Civil Rights Act – 1976
— Right to vote
— Equality – ( Articles 15, 16, 17, 38, 46 )
— Reservation in Education / Employment ( 29, 16(4), 320 (4) )
— Eradication of untouchability — State responsibility – 1989
— Reservation in politics – ( Article 320, 332, 334 )
— Entry into Public temples – ( Article 25 )

June 2022

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1-The best example for labour without pay is

(A) Road side business (B) Painting for self satisfaction
(C) Working in industries (D) Working in schools as teachers.
Answer: (B) Painting for self satisfaction.

2-What are the measures taken by independent India to eradicate untouchability ?

Answer: — Article 17 of the Constitution of India
— Untouchability Offences Act-1955
— Protection of Civil Rights Protection Act – 1976
— Practising untouchability is a crime
— Right to equality and universal right to vote
— Reservation in Education / Employment
— Act of 1989 – Specific responsibilities to State Governments.

March 2023
1-“Truely the whole mankind is one” was declared by
(A) Pampa (B) Ranna
(C) Janna (D) Ponna
Answer: (A) Pampa.

March 2023
1-What is meant by Prejudice?
Answer: Opinion about another person or community even before he gets to know them.

2-“Social stratification is not commonly observed in all countries.” Explain.

Answer: — Income
— Education
— Caste
— Colour
— Sex
— Job
— Intellectual
— Low – high
— Opportunities
— Rich – poor
— Blacks – Whites
— Slaves – owners.

June 2023
1- What has Mahatma Gandhi considered untouchability as?
Answer: A stigma on the Hindu society, A black spot of Hindu society.

2- How is social stratification different from country to country?

Answer: Caste system

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The white and black in colour

As rich and poor
Employment (Occupation)
Intelligence
Religion
Colour
Education

March 2024
1-What is meant by social stratification?
Answer: Practice of classifying people as upper class and lower class on the basis of
income, education, caste, colour, gender, occupation intelligence etc.

SOCIOLOGY:2
WORK AND ECONOMIC LIFE

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Division of labour leads to __________. (Specialization)

2. Workers without special training are called _________. (Unorganized workers)
3. Workers who have special training and expertise are called _______ (organized workers)

II Answer the following in one sentence each:

4- What is ‘Division of labour’?

Answer: The work being done by people depending on their interests, abilities, age,
experience, skill and gender is called Division of labour.

5- What is ‘paid work’?

Answer: Work that provides wages, salary or any other material benefit is called ‘paid
work’.

6- What is the meaning of ‘Unemployment’?

Answer: Unemployment is a situation where a person does not find work in accordance to
his capacity or qualification.

7- What are the reasons for unemployment?

Answer: The population and improved technology

8- What are the effects of unemployment?

Answer: Poverty, ill health crimes, corruption, family disintegration, cheating deception,
robbery, prostitution etc.

III Discuss the following in groups and answer them:

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9- Explain the nature of discrimination in labour.

Answer: In most countries of the world including India, men are offered better jobs.
Similarly, higher responsibilities and remuneration
Women get lesser responsibilities and remuneration.
Nowadays, women are taking up employment in huge numbers. However, there is
discrimination in the remuneration given to them. Though they do exactly the same kind
of work as men, the fact that they are being paid less is nothing but exploitation.

10- What are the measures for removal of unemployment?

Answer: Encouraging handicrafts.
Providing loans and subsides.
Improvement of skill in workers.
Encouraging vocational education.

11- What are the differences between organized and unorganized workers?
Organized workers unorganized workers
Work in organised sectors. Work in unorganised sectors
They have fixed wages. They do not have fixed wages.
They have fixed time for work. They have no fixed time for work.
They have medical facilities They do not have medical facility.

March:2015
1-What are the differences between organised and unorganised workers?
Answer:
Organised Unorganised
Working in specific fields — legal rules No specific rules & regulations
& regulations daily wages
ii) Enjoy facilities of specializations, very vast
training, talent, educational domestic servants, construction
qualifications workers, labours, repairers etc.
iii) Get fixed wages, leave, pension &
medical allowances
iv) Insurance, Govt. employment.

June 2015
What are the differences between organised and unorganised workers?
Answer:
organised unorganised workers
Specific field Non-Govt. field
Workers Enjoy facilities Daily wage
They get fixed wages without pay
Medical facility No any such facilities
Specific hours to work Harassed

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Identified by companies Servants

March 2016
1-Why was the Equal Wages Act passed?
Answer: To avoid discrimination in remuneration.

2-Mention the measures for removal of unemployment.

Answer: i) Population control
ii) Encouragement to cottage industries
iii) Agricultural Development
iv) Industrial development
v) Educational reforms
vi) Five-Year Plans
vii) Encouragement to vocational education
viii) Rural development programmes
ix) Employment guarantee programme.

June 2016
1-What are the problems of unorganized workers?
Answer: i) No rules or regulations ii) Low wages iii) No medical facilities iv) No job security
v) No fixed wages and allowances vi) Exploitation by entrepreneurs.

March 2017
1-Explain the measures undertaken by the Government to eradicate the problem of
unemployment.
Answer: i) Population controlling methods
ii) Encouragement to cottage industries
iii) Agricultural development
iv) Industrial developments
v) Educational reforms
vi) Five-Year Plans
vii) Encouragement to vocational education
viii) Rural development programmes
ix) Employment-guarantee programmes etc.

June 2017
1-The act introduced by the government in 1976 to put an end to the labour discrimination
is
(A) Employment Guarantee Act (B) Untouchability Prohibition Act
(C) Child Labour Prevention Act (D) Equal Wages Act.
Answer: (D) Equal Wages Act

March 2018

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1- “In recent days the practice of untouchability in India has started declining.” Give
reasons?
Answer: — increase in literacy
— constitutional and legal measures
— public awareness
— urbanization.

2-Explain the remedial measures for unemployment.

Answer: — Population controlling methods
— Encouragement to cottage industries
— Agricultural development
— Educational reforms
— Five-Year Plans
— Encouragement to vocational education
— Rural development programmes
— Employment-guarantee programmes etc.

June 2018
1- When was Equal Wages Act enacted?
Answer: 1976

2-Unemployment is a serious social problem. Explain.

Answer: Leads to
i) Poverty
ii) Ill health
iii) Corruption
iv) Family disintegration
v) Cheating
vi) Deception
vii) Robbery
viii) Prostitution.

March 2019
1-Unemployment has become a huge problem in India. Why?
Answer: — Huge population
— Improved technology
— Shortage of natural resources
— Over dependency of agriculture
— Ruined Cottage industries
— Lack of skill-based education.

2-Explain the characteristics of Organised Labour Sector.

Answer: — Enrolled as per the law
— Fixed wages facilities

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— Employment security
— The relationship is legally guided
— Extra payment for overtime work
— Mandatory to pay taxes
— Pay special facilities
— Guided by legal modalities.

June 2019
1-One of the features of unorganised sector is
(A) labour (B) migration (C) wages (D) without pay labour.
Answer: (B) — migration

June 2019
1-What are the social and economic challenges faced by unorganised sector workers?
Answer: • Migration
Social insecurity
Does not apply to legal provisions
Physical and mental exploitation
Children and women are exploited sexually.

March 2020
1-Differentiate between the labourers from organised sector and unorganised sector.
Answer:
Organised Sector Labourers Unorganised Sector Labourers
— Legal provisions — Paid leave
— Specific work — No specific work
— Employment security — No employment security
— Fixed wages and allowances — No fixed wages and allowances
— Fixed time duration — No fixed time duration
— Mandatory to pay taxes — No tax provisions
— Medical facilities — No medical facilities
— Paid leave — No paid leave

September 2020
1-Division of Labour is more useful. How?
Answer: — Helps to gain skill, deep knowledge and training
— Class system is emerged
— Emergence of business and Industrialization
— Helps to invest more and earn more profit
— Leads to specialization
— Helps to get more profit.

March 2022
1-Best example for labour without pay among the following is

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(A) Nurse (B) Teacher (C) Housewife (D) Police.

Answer: (C) Housewife.

2-List out the challenges faced by unorganised sector workers.

Answer: — Migration
— Social security / minimum basic needs
— Legal Framework
— Child Labour
— Physical / Mental exploitation.

June 2022
1-List out the challenges faced by unorganized sector workers.
Answer: — Migration
— Social Security
— Legal Framework
— Child labour
— Physical and Mental Exploitation.

March 2023
1-List out the problems faced by the unorganised sector workers.
— Not bound by any rules or regulations
— Less wages
— No job security
— No fixed wages and allowances.
— No Pension
— Harassed by entrepreneurs
— No vacation allowances.

June 2023
1-How can we solve the problem of unemployment in India which has very high
population?
Answer: Population control
Encourage cottage industries
Agricultural development
Industrial development
Educational reforms
Five-Year plans
Encourage vocational education
Rural development programme
Employment guarantee programme
Information technology
Service sectors growth.

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March 2024
1-How is paid work different from unpaid work?
Answer:
Paid work Unpaid work
— Work provides wages, salary or material — Activity without material benefit
benefits — Work for mental satisfaction
— Ploughing in fields, working in factories, — Painting picture for own satisfaction.
teaching in schools etc. for material benefit.

March 2024
1- Why is the problem of unemployment experienced in India?
Answer: — Overpopulation
— Mechanization
— Too much of division of labour
— Social inequality
— Insufficient capital
— Illiteracy
— Lack of Vocational education.

SOCIOLOGY:3
COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND PROTESTS

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Chipko movement took place in ___________ State. (Uttar Pradesh)

2. The leader of the Narmada agitation is ____________. (Medha Patkar)
3. Dr. Shivaram Karanth was agitate the ___________ Nuclear power station. (Kaiga)

II Answer the following in one sentence each:

4- What is ‘Collective behaviour’?

Answer: When man is a member of a group, he behaves in a manner totally different from
the way he behaves when he is alone. This kind of behavior is called ‘collective behaviour’.

5- Who is the leader of ‘Chipko’ movement?

Answer: Sunderlal Bahuguna and Shri Chandiprasad Bhatt.

6- What is self-help group?

Answer: Self-help group is derived from self-awareness, self-motivation, and mutual trust
to fulfil the economic and social necessities by their own efforts and co-operation.

7- What is labour movement?

Answer: The movements carried out through Labour organisations to uphold the dignity of
labourers and to protect the interests of labourers are called labour movements.

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III Answer the following in two or three sentences after discussing them in groups:

8- What does collective behaviour include?

Answer: mobs, rumours, propaganda, public opinion, revolution, social movements etc

9- What is a ‘mob’? Give examples.

Answer: Assembly of people around a common interest without any expectation or
planning is called a mob
For ex: a group of people assembled near a theatre to buy tickets,
an assembly of people around an accident scene. etc

10- Describe the nature of a mob.

Answer: Mob is a temporary assembly of people.
In this, people assemble at a specific place.
Members of a mob are influenced very easily by mutual feelings, opinions and acts.
There is a possibility of display of suppressed feelings.
Sometimes such displays assume violent form

11- Describe the meaning and nature of environmental pollution.

Answer: The soil, air, water and biosphere around us getting polluted with toxins and
chemicals is called environmental pollution
Nature: Developed nations are destroying the environment for the purpose of their
luxurious life.
The unbridled growth of cities, proliferation of industries, technological progress,
expansion of transport system etc. are destroying the forests and polluting the
environment.

12- Explain the importance of women’s self-help groups.

Answer: Women’s Self-Help Groups empower the women socially and economically.
These self-help groups, by increasing educational awareness, have helped women to lead
an independent life.
These groups are modern forms of government’s commercial organization.
These groups enable women to get suitable representation in development projects.

March:2015
How can we bring awareness in the public regarding the ill effects of environmental
pollution?
Answer: i) carrying agitations
ii) effective programmes for environmental protection and implementation.

June 2015
1-Define Women Empowerment.
Answer: Encouraging women to take social, economic and political decisions like men.

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2-What are the main purposes of Appiko Movement?

Answer:  Stop smuggling of trees
 Develop awareness for growing trees
 Develop awareness about importance of trees.

March 2016
1-What is self-help group?
Answer: i) Self-awareness, self-motivation and mutual trust
ii) Social and economic necessities
iii) 10 - 20 members
iv) Local groups.

2-Write the importance of women’s self-help groups in women empowerment.

Answer: i) Small Savings — Financial empowerment
ii) Social organisation
iii) Educational awareness
iv) Fighting against atrocities
v) Democratic rights, self-respect
vi) Equal opportunities
vii) Collective responsibility, avoiding confrontations.

March 2017
1-When do Mob changes into Riot?
Answer: i) When acts of mob are uncontrolled
ii) When they take violent nature iii) When they take destructive nature.

2-Why was Chipko Movement launched?

Answer: i) To prevent the destruction of forests ii) To prevent the destruction of
environment.

June 2017
1-Explain the nature of a riot.
Answer: i) No minimum level of unity and aim.
ii) Destruction of property and creates chaos.
iii) Challenges law and order.
iv) Communal clashes, racial conflicts and group clashes.
v) Occurs more frequently in towns and cities.
vi) Limits only for short time.
vii) Uncivilized and criminal intent of people.

March 2018
1-Who were the leaders of Chipko Movement?
Answer: Sunderlal Bahuguna and Shri Chandiprasad Bhatt.

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2-Explain the importance of Women’s Self Help Groups

Answer: — Women’s Self Help Groups are based on self awareness, self motivation,
mutual trust and co-operation.
— provide equal right, opportunity, responsibility and power to women
— socially, economically women empowerment
— modern forms of government’s commercial organizations
— educational awareness
— independent life
— help to face atrocities
— women’s participation in developmental programmes
— help to avoid confrontations by collective responsibility
— importance to women’s democratic rights, power and self-respect
— Financial assistance.

June 2018
1-Explain the role of women self-helf groups in women empowerment.
Answer: i) Modern form of Government Commercial Organisation
ii) Micro-finance in major way
iii) Opportunity for Social and Economic development
iv) Educational awareness
v) Helpful for independent life
vi) Helpful to face the atrocities
vii) Enable to get human rights
viii) Democratic rights, power and self-respect
ix) Opportunities in all fields
x) Representation in developmental projects
xi) Ability to avoid confrontations
xii) Benefit from the schemes of Government.

March 2019
1- Why is Mob violence an anti-social activity?
Answer: — Destroys public property
— Creates confusion
— Spreads rumours
— Results in major deaths
— Creates a serious law and order situation
— Communal violence, racial violence, caste violence etc. are created.

June 2019
1-Where did Silent Valley movement take place?
Answer: Palghat of Kerala.

2-What is mob?

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Answer: Mob is a collection of people who have assembled at particular point without any
prior plan and gathered to express some decision.

September 2020
1-Narmada Bachao Andolan was led by
(A) Medha Patekar (B) Dr. Shivaram Karanth
(C) Kusuma Soraba (D) Sundarlal Bahuguna.
Answer: (A) — Medha Patkar.

2-Why was a protest organised against Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant?

Answer: Nuclear radiation would lead to deforestation, environmental pollution and spoil
numerous species in the ecosystem.

July 2021
1-Establishment of Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant was opposed under the leadership of
(A) Sundarlal Bahuguna (B) Dr. Shivaram Karanth
(C) Medha Patkar (D) B. V. Karanth
Answer: (B) Dr. Shivaram Karanth.

March 2022
1-What is mob?
Answer: People temporarily gathered around a common interest without any prior plan.

2-Name any four Environmental Movements.

Answer: — Jarkhand Mukti Morcha
— Chipko
— Appiko
— Narmada Bachao
— Silent Valley
— Opposing MRPL
— Opposing Nandikuru thermal power plant
— Opposing Special Economic Zone
— Opposing Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant.

June 2022
1-What was the important effect of Chipko Movement?
Answer: The permission given to cut the trees was withdrawn.

2-List out the important Environmental movements.

Answer: — Chipko movement
— Appiko movement
— Narmada Bachao Andolan
— Silent Valley movement
— Coastal Karnataka Environment movement

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— Movement opposing Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant.

March 2023
1-Explain the nature of Riots.
Answer: — Destroying everything in their way
— Creation of chaos
— Lead to large scale loss
— Do not have any particular aim
— Serious challenges for law and order
— Provoking circumstances
— Uncontrolled behaviour
— Uncivilized behaviour
— Riotous mindset.

June 2023
1- Why was silent valley movement organised?
Answer: Environment destruction
Animal species
Wild animals’ threat of Bio
Wild-life protection diversity
Submerging of agriculture lands
Destruction of forests

March 2024
1-How can be riots controlled?
Answer: — Presence of mind of the officials
— Police
— Security force
— Law.
SOCIOLOGY:4
SOCIAL CHALLENGES

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Article ______ of the Constitution prohibits employing children for work. (24)
2. The ‘Prohibition of Child Labour Act’ came into practice is in the year _______. (1986)
3. The National Policy was framed in _______ . (2016)
4. The Prohibition of Dowry Act first came into effect in ________. (1961)
5. Protection of Children from sexual offenses (POCSO) act came into force in
________.(2012)

II Answer the following in one sentence each:

6- Mention any two social challenges plaguing India.

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Answer: Child marriage.

Child labour.

7- What is child labourer?

Answer: The children below the age of 14 years are working for the financial consideration,
and then it is called Child Labour.

8- What is the meaning of female foeticide?

Answer: Killing the female foetus in the womb itself is called female foeticide.

9- What is female infanticide?

Answer: ‘The inhuman practice of killing the female baby after it is born is female
infanticide.

10- What is Child Marriage?

Answer: The marriage take place between a boy of below 21 years and a girl who is below
18 years is known as child marriage.

III Discuss the following in groups and answer the following:

11- Mention the causes for the problem of child labour.

Answer: Poverty.
Greed of the industrialists.
Failure to implement compulsory and universal education.
Lack of social environment. Agricultural crisis & drought.
Migration

12- What are the consequences of child labour?

Answer: Affects the physical and psychological growth of children.
2. child labour suffer from various ill health.
3. They become illiterates.
4. They miss their basic rights.
5. This crisis leads to child marriage
6.Human trafficking among children.

13- Explain the measures for eradicating the problem of child labour.
Answer: Child labour act -1986.
Harsh punishment to greedy industrialists.
Free & compulsory education to children.
Fine to the employer.

14- What are the evil effects of dowry system?

Answer: Dowry diminishes women’s self-respect,
dignity and stature. It leads to domestic conflicts.

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It also creates animosity between men and women.

Due to this evil, immorality and violence increase.
Family relationships suffer.

15- What are the solutions for the problem of dowry?

Answer: The Central government enacted a ‘Prohibition of Dowry Act’ in 1961.
Under this Act, marrying under the condition of being provided dowry is prohibited.
Those who violate this law are fined Rs.5000/- penalty or sent to jail for 6 months.
Sometimes both the penalties are imposed.

16- What are the effects of Child Marriage?

Answer: The holistic development of child stunned.
Maternal mortalities are increased.
Girl become widow at a young age.
The children socialization also stunned.

March:2015
1-What is dowry?
Answer: A custom associated with the Indian system of marriage, Bridegroom collecting
gifts by demanding.

2-Who is a child labour?

Answer: Those who are aged below 14 years working to earn money.

June 2015
1-What is mandatory if an industrialist violates Child Labour Prohibition Act?
Answer: Rs. 20,000 per Child Labour Welfare Fund.

2-Why is finding gender of foetus illegal?

Answer: To control female foeticide or imbalanced gender ratio.

March 2016
1-Article 24 of our constitution has a great significance, because it prohibits
(A) Employing children for work (B) Untouchability (C) Dowry (D) Corruption.
Answer: A — Employing children for work

2-Why was the “Rehabilitation Welfare Fund of Child Labourers” launched?

Answer: To free children from exploitation and to rehabilitate.

June 2016
1- Article 24 of the Constitution of India is important because, it
(A) abolishes untouchability
(B) grants free and compulsory education to children up to 14 years of age
(C) prohibits the practice of dowry

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(D) declares that employing children below 14 years for work is a cognizable offence.
Answer: D — declares that employing children below 14 years for work is a cognizable
offence.

2-Who are child labourers?

Answer: Who are aged below 14 years and work in order to earn money.

March 2017
1-Dowry is a social evil. Explain.
Answer: Women are
i)being abused
ii) subjected to violence
iii) murdered
iv) tortured ( mentally and physically )
v) exploited vi) financial constraints for bride’s family
vii) mental constraints for bride’s family
viii) child marriage
ix) female foeticide
x) female infanticide.

June 2017
1-What does the Article 24 of our Constitution declare?
Answer: Employing children below 14 years for work is a cognizable offence.

2-Why did the Government of India introduce the ‘Prohibition of Pre-natal Gender
Determination Test Act’ ?
Answer: To check female foeticide in order to stop sex determination tests of foetuses
through modern technology.

March 2018
1- ‘Prohibition of Dowry Act’ was passed in the year
(A) 1961 (B) 1987 (C) 1988 (D) 1989.
Answer: A — 1961

2-“Sarva Shiksha Abhiyana” plays an important role in eradication of child labour. How ?
Answer: Bringing child labourers to school and giving free education under the programme
“From drudgery to school”.

June 2018
1- The Article of the Constitution of India that prohibits child labour is
(A) Article-21 (B) Article-17 (C) Article-52 (D) Article-24.
Answer: D — Article-24.

2- What is the effect of female foeticide?

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Answer: i) Imbalance in Gender ratio

ii) Gender discrimination
Degradation in the status of women.

March 2019
1- Devadasi system is an inhuman practice. Why ?
Answer: — Women exploitation, Gender inequality
— Sexual slavery and child marriages.

March 2020
1- Article 21 of our Constitution says.
(A) It is the duty of the government to support the educational interest of Scheduled
Castes and Tribes
(B) It provides for the establishment of Minority educational institutions
(C) It provides that social justice and people’s welfare is the duty of the State Government
(D) It provides education as the Fundamental Right of every child.
Answer: (D) — It provides education as the Fundamental Right of every child.

March 2020
1- What is female foeticide?
Answer: An attempt to stop the natural growth of a female foetus or aborting forcibly.

September 2020
1-The telephone number of child helpline is
(A) 1098 (B) 1090 (C) 1089 (D) 1097.
Answer: (A) — 1098.

2-Child trafficking affects the holistic development of children. How?

Answer: — Exposed to physical and sexual exploitation
— Infected with sexually transmitted diseases
— Undergo unwanted pregnancy
— Abortions
— Drug addictions and murders
— Forced pregnancies.

March 2022
Point out the various dimensions of gender discrimination prevailing in present day India.
Answer: — Sex ratio
— Literacy
— Work place
— Lower wages
— Not free to spend their income
— Not many are seen in better / highly paid positions
— Malnourishment

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— Illness
— Heavy work load
— Illness / death among mother / infant
— Female foeticide
— Politically neglected.

June 2022
1-An important women movement is
(A) Alcohol prohibition movement
(B) Untouchability prevention movement
(C) Labour movement
(D) Farmer’s movement.
Answer: (A) Alcohol prohibition movement.

March 2023
1-The Child Labour Prohibition and Control Act was enacted in the year
(A) 1988 (B) 1994 (C) 1986 (D) 2006
Answer: (C) 1986

June 2023
1-The programme through S.S.A. to bring back the child labourers to school in Karnataka is

(A) Come back to school (B) Drudgery to school (C) Kali Nali (D) Nali Kali
Answer: (B) Drudgery to school.

2- What is female foeticide

Answer: The foetus is killed in the womb itself.

March 2024
1- Children helpline number is
(A) 1089
(B) 1098
(C) 101
(D) 108
Answer: (B) 1098

2-Why was Child Labour Prohibition and Control Act ( 1986 ) enacted ?
Answer: To prohibit appointment of child labourers

GEOGRAPHY:1
INDIA - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND PHYSICAL FEATURES

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

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1. The name ‘India’ is derived from the river ___________. (Indus)

2. The total area of India is ____________ sq. kms. (32,87,263)
3. In the central part of India _____North latitude passes. (23 ½ 0)
4- The coast line of India with major land mass is ________ kms. (6,100)
5- The Indian physiography has been divided into __________ major parts. (4)
6- Greater Himalaya is also called __________. (Himadri)
7- The highest mountain peak in the world is ____________ (Mount Everest)
8- The North Indian plain is made up of __________ soil. (Alluvial soil)
9- The Western Ghats in Karnataka are also called ___________(Sahyadri)

II Answer the following after discussing them in groups:

10- In which part of the Asian continent is India situated?

Answer: South-East

11- In which hemisphere of the earth is India located?

Answer: Northern hemisphere

12- Which is the southern tip of main land of India?

Answer: Kanyakumari

13- In which island is Indira Point located?

Answer: Nicobar

14- What is the other name for the foothills of the Himalayas?
Answer: Siwalik

15- Which is the recently-formed landmass in India?

Answer: Siwalik range

16- What are the advantages of Himalayas?

Answer: They act as natural frontiers
Have thick forests Attract tourists.
They are the store house of minerals.
They protect India from cold winds.
Birth places many rivers.
Home of medicinal plants.
Home of wild animals.
Stop monsoon winds & cause rain

17- Explain the extend of peninsular Plateau?

Answer: The total area is around 16 lakhs sq.km.
It stretches from the Aravalli mountains in the north to Kanyakumari in the south.
It extends approximately 1400 kms.

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from the Western Ghats in the west to the Rajmahal hills of Jharkhand in the east.

18- Write about the Shivalik range.

Answer: Lowest ranges of Himalayas.
Known as outer Himalayas.
Extended from Jammu and Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh.
They have Doons
19- ‘The Northern plains are called deposited plains. Why?
Answer: They are very suitable for irrigation and agriculture
2. As it has pernnial rivers and vast fertile alluvial soil.
3. Its level land supports a network of roads, railways and means of communication.
4. They are useful for industrialization, urbanization and trade.
5. A number of pilgrim centres are located here

20- Mention the differences between western and eastern Ghats

Western Ghats Eastern Ghats
-The Western Ghats area continuous range -The Eastern Ghats run almost parallel to the east
running parallel to the west coast of India coast of India
-They are higher than the Eastern Ghats -They are lower than the Western Ghats
-They are continuous -They are not continuous
-They extend from the Tapi valley to -They extend from the Mahanadi Valley in the
Kanyakumari north

March:2015
Which are the physical features of India?
Answer: i) northern mountains
ii) northern great plains
iii) peninsular plateau
iv) coastal plains and islands

June 2015
The peninsular plateau has great economic significance. Why?
Answer:  It has rich deposit of minerals
 Rivers have formed waterfalls
 Production of hydro-electricity
 Agriculture
 Tourist.

March 2016
1-The peninsular plateau of India has a great economic significance. Justify.
Answer: i) It has rich deposits of minerals
ii) Rivers are helpful for the production of hydro-electricity Black soil, commercial farming.

June 2016

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1-What are the economic importances of the peninsular plateaus ?

Answer: i) Rich deposits of minerals ii) Waterfalls-suited for hydroelectricity iii) Suitable for
cotton iv) Hill stations

March 2017
1-The northern plains are called deposited plains. Why ?
Answer: It is formed by the deposition of alluvial soil brought down by the rivers.

June 2017
1-Which is the highest mountain peak in South India?
Answer: Anaimudi peak.

March 2018
1- Differentiate between Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep Islands.
Answer:
Andaman and Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep Islands

i) They are in Bay of Bengal i) They are in Arabian sea

ii) Formed by hard volcanic rocks ii) Formed by corals
iii) 204 Islands iii) 43 Islands

June 2018
1-How are Western Coastal plains different from Eastern Coastal plains?
Answer:
Western Coastal Plains Eastern Coastal Plains
i) Spread from Kutch to Kanyakumari i) Spread from Gangetic delta to
ii) Located between Western Ghats and Kanyakumari
Arabian Sea ii) Located between Eastern Ghats and
iii) Malabar coast, Canara ( Karnataka ) Bay of Bengal
coast, Konkan and Gujarat coasts iii) Utkal coasts and Coromandel coast
iv) Mumbai, Marmagoa, Cochin,
Kandla, Karwar and Mangalore ports iv) Tuticorin, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam,
v) Narrow plains Paradeep, Kolkata and Haldia Ports
vi) Back water canals are found v) Wide and flat plains
vii) Estuaries vi) Salt water lakes (lagoons) are found
vii) Deltas.

March 2019
1- In the South Indian map, a physical division is marked. Name it and mention any two
economic importance of it.

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Answer: a) The coastal plains.

b) — Natural harbour → Navigation
— Development of foreign trade → Tourism
— Fishing
— Production of salt
— Ship building
— Agriculture.

June 2019
1-The highest peak in India is
(A) Himalaya (B) Gouri Shankar (C) Mt. Everest (D) Godwin Austen / Mt. K2 .
Answer: (D) — Godwin Austen / Mt. K2 .

March 2020
1-Distinguish between Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats.
Answer:
Eastern Ghats Western Ghats
— Mahanadi Valley to the Nilgiri hills — Tapi Valley to Kanyakumari
— Not continuous — continuous
— Not very high — high
— Separated by river valleys — not separated
— more rainfall

September 2020
1-How are the Eastern Coastal plains different from Western Coastal plains of India ?
Answer:
Eastern Coastal Plains Western Coastal Plains
— River Suvarnarekha to Kanyakumari — Rann of Kutch to Kanyakumari
— Between Eastern Ghats and Bay of — between Western Ghats and
Bengal Arabian Sea
— Broader — narrow
— Northern Circar and Coromandal — Konkan, Karnataka and Malabar
Coast coast
— Deltas are present — Deltas are absent.

March 2022
1-Where does the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats meet?
Answer: Nilgiri Hills.

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June 2022
1- Which are the main physiographic divisions of India?
Answer: — The Northern Mountains
— The Northern Great Plain
— The Peninsular Plateau
— The Coastal Plains and Islands.

June 2023
1-How are Himalayas useful for Indians?
Answer: Provide protection
Obstructing the cold winds
Birth place of rivers
Facilitate hydro-electric power
Home of plants and animals
Treasure house of minerals
Tourism
Religious centres, Ex. Badari Kedar
Checks S. W. Mansoon get rainfall
Hill stations.

March 2024
1- The type of soil that occupies the largest area in peninsular plateau
(A) Black soil
(B) Red soil
(C) Alluvial soil
(D) Desert soil
Answer: (B) Red soil

2- The highest peak in South India is

(A) Armaconda
(B) Anaimudi
(C) Mahendragiri
(D) Gourishankar
Ans: (B) Anaimudi
GEOGRAPHY:2
INDIA – SEASONS

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Highest temperature region in the country is ___________. (Rajasthan’s ganganagar)

2. Due to local temperature winds ___________ rainfall occurs. (in some places during
April and May)
3. The area receiving very less rainfall in the country is___________. ('Roily' in Jaisalmar of
Rajasthan.)

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4. The area receiving the highest rainfall in the country is______. (Meghalaya's
‘Mawsynram’)

II- Answer the following questions in brief.

5- Which type of climate is experienced by India?

Answer: Tropical monsoon Climate

6- Why convectional rainfall occurs during retreating monsoon seasons?

Answer: The sun rays fall Vertically on the Southern hemisphere. As a result, there is a
drop in the temperature in the Northern hemisphere. Hence this area becomes an area of
high pressure and the South-West monsoon winds start receding.

7- What are the factors influenced on climate of India?

Answer: Latitude, height from the sea level,
Distance from the sea,
Direction of winds,
Mountain ranges,
Ocean currents.

8- ‘Indian agriculture gambling with the monsoon winds.’ Discuss.

Answer: The South-West monsoons control the agriculture of India which is the main
occupation of Indians.
Failure of rainfall leads to drought.
When rainfall is heavy there are floods, they also cause destruction to life and property.

III. Match the following.

i. Kalabaisaki………………………… West Bengal

ii. Andies………………………………. Uttar Pradesh
iii. Coffee blossom…………………. karnataka
iv. Mango showers………………… Kerala

March:2015
1-“Indian agriculture is said to be gambling with the monsoon winds.” Why?
Answer: i) Agriculture is main occupation of Indians
ii) Monsoons control the agriculture they are uncertain and unevenly distributed
iii) Failure of rainfall leads to drought
iv) when monsoons are heavy there are floods, they also cause to destruction of life and
property.

June 2015
1-South-west monsoon wind reaching India is divided into two branches. They are -------
(A) Arabian Sea branch and Bay of Bengal branch

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(B) Andaman branch and Nicobar branch

(C) Eastern Ghat branch and Western Ghat branch
(D) North Indian branch and South Indian branch.
Answer: A — Arabian Sea branch and Bay of Bengal branch

March 2016
1-In North India, temperature will be high during summer season. Why?
Answer: i) The sunrays are perpendicular in the Northern hemisphere
ii) Days are quite long
iii) Away from the sea.

June 2016
1-In which season does Tamil Nadu not receive rainfall even though rest of India receives ?
Answer: South-West Monsoon season / rainy season.

March 2017
1- “Indian agriculture is gambling with the monsoon winds.” Justify.
Answer: i) Agriculture is the main occupation
ii) Agriculture depends upon monsoons
iii) Failure of rainfall leads to drought
iv) Heavy rainfall causes floods, destruction of life and property.

June 2017
1- “Indian agriculture is gambling with the monsoons.” Why?
Answer: i) Agriculture is the main occupation of Indians.
ii) Depends on monsoon winds.
iii) Uncertain and unequally distributed rainfall.
iv) Failure of monsoon leads to drought.
v) Heavy rainfall - destruction of life and property.

March 2018
1- “Climatic condition of India has a great significance on its economy.” Justify.
Answer: — agriculture — main occupation — controlled by South-West monsoons.
— less rainfall leads to drought and heavy rainfall leads to floods
— cause destruction of life and property.
— seasonal, uncertain and unequal distribution.

March 2019
1- Why does the climate of India vary from one region to another?
Answer: — Location
— Water bodies
— Relief features
— Monsoon winds
— Ocean currents

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— Latitude
— Away from sea.

June 2019
1- Indian climate varies from region to region and season to season. Substantiate.
Answer: Location
Water bodies
Relief features
Monsoon winds

March 2020
1- Dras near Kargil has recorded the lowest temperature, because it is
(A) in the area of vertical rays of the sun (B) near to the sea
(C) in a very high altitude (D) influenced by South-West Monsoon.
Answer: (C) — in a very high altitude.

September 2020
1-The correct pair among the following is
(A) Andhis — West Bengal (B) Kalbaisakhi — Punjab
(C) Mango shower — Tamil Nadu (D) Coffee Blossom — Karnataka.
Answer: (D) — Coffee Blossom — Karnataka.

March 2022
1-Which are the important climatic seasons of India?
Answer: — Winter
— Summer
— Rainy
— Retreating Monsoon.

June 2022
1-What is the reason for high temperature in India during summer season?
Answer: The sun’s rays fall vertically over Northern Hemisphere.

March 2023
1-What is Kala Baisakhi?
Answer: The rain that occurs in West Bengal due to local temperature and winds during
April and May.

June 2023
1- Which is the least recorded rainfall area in India?
Answer: Ruvli of Rajasthan.

March 2024

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1-“Indian agriculture is gamble with the monsoons.” How?

Answer: — The South-West monsoon control the agriculture of the Nation
— Failure of rainfall leads to drought
— Heavy rainfall leads to floods
— Destruction to life and property
— Monsoons are uncertain and unevenly distributed.

GEOGRAPHY:3
INDIA – SOILS
Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The soil deposited by rivers is called _________________. (Alluvial soil)

2. Black soil area is called _____________. (Regur and Black cotton)
3. In Rajasthan _________ soil is also mainly found. (Desert Soil)
4. The widely spread soil in India is _______ .(Alluvial Soil)
5. For growing ragi and oil seeds, __________ soil is suitable.

II Answer the following questions in brief:

6- What are the types of soils found in India?

Answer: 1. Alluvial soil
2. Black soil
3. Red soil
4. Laterite soil
5. Desert soil and
6. Mountainous soil.

7- What is meant by soil conservation? List out its methods.

Answer: Prevention of soil from erosion and protecting of fertility of the soil is known as
soil Conservation.
Methods:
Contour bunding.
Gully control and bench terracing.
Contour farming.
Encouragement of afforestation.
Control of livestock grazing
Construction of check dams etc…

8. What is soil erosion? What are the reasons for it?

Answer: Transportation of surface soil by various natural forces (winds, waves) is called
soil erosion
Reasons: 1. Deforestation 2. Over grazing 3. Unscientific methods of cultivation.
4. Over irrigation etc. Even manufacture of bricks, tiles and pots use the top layer of the

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soil leaving behind depleted soil.

9. What are the effects of soil erosion?

Effects: Accumulation of silt in the river beds and causing floods
It changes the river course
The storage capacity of reservoirs gets reduced
The loss of fertility the agriculture production gets reduced
Ground water level is lowered.
Vegetation covers dries up and drought increase.

10- Which type of soil are found in the Himalayan mountains?

Answer: Mountain soil.

March:2015
How would you control soil erosion?
Answer: i) Counter-ploughing
ii) Construction of bunds around the agriculture land
iii) Prevention of deforestation
iv) Control of livestock grazing
v) Planned use of water
vi) Construction of check dams.

June 2015
1-What are the causes for soil erosion?
Answer:  Deforestation
 Overgrazing
 Unscientific cultivation
 Overirrigation.

March 2016
1-How can we prevent soil erosion?
Answer: i) Contour ploughing
ii) Construction of bunds
iii) Development of terraced agricultural field
iv)Afforestation
v) Prevention of deforestation
vi) Control of livestock grazing
vii) Planned use of water
viii) Construction of check dams.

June 2016
1-Which type of soil is found in the Deccan Trap area?
Answer: Black soil

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March 2017
1-Why is it essential to prevent soil erosion?
Answer: Soil erosion leads to accumulation of silt that leads to infertility
i) floods ii) change of course of river iii) reduction of storage capacity of the reservoirs,
tanks iv) the volume of water percolating down gets reduced v) natural springs dry up vi)
effects the production of agriculture.

June 2017
1-What are the effects of soil erosion?
Answer: i) Accumulation of silt in the river-beds causing floods.
ii) Change in the course of rivers
iii) Reduce the storage capacity of the reservoirs.
iv) Infertility of the soil.
v) The volume of water percolating down gets reduced.
vi) Natural springs dry up.
vii) Adverse effects on agricultural produce

March 2018
1- The type of soil which is largely found in Rajasthan is
(A) Alluvial soil (B) Desert soil (C) Red soil (D) Laterite soil.
Answer: B — Desert soil

2-Which soil is also called ‘Regur Soil’?

Answer: Black soil

June 2018
1- List out the factors that cause soil erosion.
Answer: i) Deforestation
ii) Overgrazing
iii) Unscientific methods of cultivation
iv) Overirrigation
v) Floods
vi) Heavy rains.

March 2019
1- Black soil is suitable for dry farming as it
(A) is formed in heavy rainfall region
(B) has less moisture retention capacity
(C) has high moisture retention capacity
(D) is formed from weathering of crystalline rocks
Answer: (C) — has high moisture retention capacity

June 2019
1-How is red soil formed?

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Answer: Granite, gneiss, and the crystalline rocks.

March 2020
1- What are the causes for soil erosion?
Answer: — Deforestation
— Overgrazing
— Shifting cultivation
— Faulty methods of cultivation
— Using top soils for bricks, tiles etc.
— Floods
— Landslides.

September 2020
1-How is Laterite soil formed?
Answer: Tropical areas under the conditions of high temperature and rainfall.

March 2022
1-What are the causes for soil erosion?
Answer: — Deforestation
— Overgrazing
— Shifting cultivation
— Faulty methods of cultivation
— Use of top soil
— Floods
— Over irrigation.

June 2022
1- What are the causes for soil erosion?
Answer: — Deforestation
— Overgrazing
— Shifting cultivation
— Faulty methods of cultivation
— Using for making bricks, tiles
— Rivers, glaciers, winds, sea waves
— Overirrigation.

June 2023
1-How are we preventing soil erosion in recent days?
Answer: Contour ploughing
Construction of bunds
Terraced agriculture
Prevention of deforestation
Encouragement of afforestation
Control of livestock grazing

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Planned use of water

Construction of check dams
Scientific agriculture etc.

GEOGRAPHY:4
INDIA - FOREST RESOURCES

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The forests found in Assam and Meghalaya are ___________ type of forests. (Evergreen
forests).
2. The Himalayas have _________ kind of forests. (Alpine forests)
3. The Ganga river delta is also called _____________. (Sundarbans)
4. Jim corbet National park is in ________________ state. (Uttarakhand)
5. According to the National forest policy ___________ % of forest area is required for an
healthy environment. (33%)

II Answer the following after discussing them in groups:

6- What is natural vegetation?

Answer: The total plant life growing naturally in an area is called forest or natural
vegetation.

7- What is the total forest area of India?

Answer: According to the India State of Forest Report 2021 (ISFR) India has 713789 sq.kms
of forest area.
8. What are the types of forests of India?
Answer: 1. Evergreen forests 2. Deciduous monsoon forests 3. Tropical Grasslands 4.
Mangrove forests 5. Desert vegetation and 6. Alpine forests of Himalayas.

9. Explain the characteristics and distribution of deciduous Monsoon forests in India.

Answer: This type of forests is more widely distributed in India.
They are seen in areas receiving 75 to 250 cms of rainfall.
It forms about 65.5% of the total area of forests.
Since India has mainly monsoon climate, this type of forest is distributed widely.
The trees shed their leaves during the dry winters.

10. What are the importance of forests?

Answer: 1) Pure air, food and fodder is provided.
2) It brings good rainfall.
3) It controls soil erosion.
4) It is the shelter house for animals and birds.
5) Medicinal plants are found in abundance.
6) It attracts tourists.

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7) It provides employment opportunities.

8) It controls ecological balance.

11. List out the reasons for destruction of forests?

Answer: Indian forests areas are gradually decreasing, because of
expansion of agriculture,
animal-grazing,
construction of roads and rail routes,
irrigation projects,
forest fires,
mining forest fires etc., are the main causes for the destruction of forests.

12. What is conservation of forests?

Answer: Protection of forests from human beings, animals and natural disasters are called
Conservation of forests.

13. List out your suggestions of conservation of forests in the country?

Answer: Protecting the forest trees against diseases;
planting saplings;
sowing seeds;
guarding against illegal cutting of trees;
avoiding grazing of domestic animals in forests;
motivating people to plant saplings;
creating awareness among people about trees and encouraging them to protect them;
implementing the social forestry projects speedily and successfully.

March:2015
What are the features of desert forests?
Answer: i) Plants are deep rooted.
ii) Thorny shrubs.

June 2015
Mention the methods for conservation of forests.
Answer:  Guarding against illegal cutting of trees
 Avoiding grazing
 Implementing social forestry
 Create awareness.

March 2016
1-Mention the differences between Evergreen forests and Desert forests.
Answer:
Evergreen forests Desert forests
i)Regions receiving more than 250 cm of i)Regions receiving less than 50 cm of
annual rainfall annual rainfall.

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ii)Trees are always green and tall ii) Short vegetation

iii)Found in Western Ghats, North- iii) Found in Thar deserts and its
eastern states adjoining states
iv)Rose, Teak iv) Date, Palm.

June 2016
1-Name any four types of natural vegetation found in India.
Answer: i) Evergreen forests ii) Deciduous monsoon forests iii) Tropical grasslands iv)
Mangrove forests v) Desert forests vi) Alpine forests.

March 2017
1-Mention the characteristics of deciduous forests in India.
Answer: i) The trees shed their leaves during the dry winters ii) Found in areas receiving 75
cm to 250 cm of rainfall iii) They are spread in 65·5% of the total area of forests.

June 2017
1-How can forest be conserved?
Answer: i) Cutting down of dried-up trees.
ii) Controlling diseases.
iii) Planting saplings.
iv) Guarding against illegal cutting of trees.
v) Avoiding grazing of domestic animals.
vi) Encouraging people to protect forests.
vii) Social forestry projects.

March 2018
1- Classify the following trees under Tropical grasslands and Alpine forests of Himalayas:
Silver, Babool, Seesum, Laurel.
Answer: — Tropical grassland: Seesum, Babool
— Alpine forests of Himalayas: Silver, Laurel.

June 2018
1-The exact matching of the marked types of forests in the map is
(A) 1 — Mangrove forests, 2 — Desert forests, 3 — Evergreen forests
(B) 1 — Evergreen forests, 2 — Mangrove forests, 3 — Desert forests
(C) 1 — Mangrove forests, 2 — Alpine forest of Himalayas, 3 — Evergreen forests
(D) 1 — Desert forests, 2 — Evergreen forests, 3 — Mangrove forests.

Answer: D — 1 — Desert forests, 2 — Evergreen forests, 3 — Mangrove forests.

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2- Why are the Mangrove forests of Gangetic delta called Sunderbans?

Answer: Plenty of Sundari trees.

March 2019
1- Which state of India has the largest area under forests?
Answer: Madhya Pradesh.

2-Which are the forests found in river deltas of eastern coast of India?
Answer: Mangrove forests

June 2019
1-Which one of the following forests refer to the stilt like roots ?
(A) Evergreen forests (B) Monsoon forests (C) Mangrove forests (D) Mountain forests.
Answer: (C) — Mangrove forests

2-Which forest grows Sandal wood?

Answer: The tropical deciduous forests

3-What is the reason for the forests to be evergreen?

Answer: Annual rainfall exceeding 250 cm.

March 2020
1- The Tropical Deciduous Forests are also called “Monsoon Forests”. Why?
Answer: — shed their leaves during spring or early summer

September 2020
1- The areas under forest are declining in recent years. Why?
Answer: — The expansion of agricultural land
— Construction of roads and railways
— Irrigation projects
— Industrialization
— Urbanization
— Over grazing
— Forest fire
— Insects and diseases
— Illegal cutting of trees
— Unscientific cutting of trees.

March 2022
1-The Nagarjuna Sagar wildlife sanctuary is located in the state
(A) Karnataka (B) Kerala (C) Uttar Pradesh (D) Telangana.
Answer: (D) Telangana.

March 2022

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1-Which type of forests are found in the river deltas?

Answer: Mangrove.

June 2022
1-Annamalai Wild Life Sanctuary is in the state of
(A) Karnataka (B) Kerala (C) Tamil Nadu (D) Telangana.
Answer: (C) Tamil Nadu

2-Why are the Tropical Deciduous Forests known as ‘Monsoon Forests’?

Answer: Trees shed their leaves during spring and early summer.

March 2023
1-Why are mangrove forests of Gangetic Delta called Sundarbans?
Answer: The ‘Sundari’ trees are found in plenty in these forests.

2-Soil erosion leads to many problems. Justify.

Answer: — Accumulation of silt in the river beds, causing floods
— Changing direction of river’s course
— Storage capacity of the reservoirs get reduced
— Volume of water percolating down gets reduced
— Natural springs dry up
— Productivity is reduced
— Fertility is reduced
— Harm to vegetation
— Drought.

June 2023
1-What are the measures taken for conservation of forests in India?
Answer: Cutting down dried-up abrasing trees cause forest fires
Protects against diseases
Planting saplings
Sowing seeds
Guarding illegal cutting of trees
Avoiding grazing
Motivating public to plant
Creating awareness about forest
Implementing the social forestry projects
National parks
Biosphere reserves
Control mines
Wildlife Sanctuaries.

March 2024

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1- How are the evergreen forests different from desert forests ?

Answer:
Evergreen Forest Desert forests
— More than 250 cm rainfall per annum — Less than 50 cm rainfall per annum
— Less than 900 m altitude — Found in Rajasthan, Punjab, Hariyana,
— Found in Western Part of Western Ghats, Gujarat
Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Manipur, — Plants are deep rooted
Nagaland, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and— Consists thorny shrubs
Lakshadweep. — Cactus variety ( Xyrophytes )
— Always green throughout the year

GEOGRAPHY:5
INDIA - WATER RESOURCES

I Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The Sorrow of West of Bengal is __________ . (Damodar River)

2. The Sorrow of Bihar is ____________ river. (Kosi)
3. Biggest irrigation project of Karnataka is __________. (Tungabhadra project)
4. Pampa Sagara Dam is in __________ district of Karnataka. (Vijayanagara district)
5. Hirakud project is built across ___________ river. (Mahanadi)

II Answer the following questions in brief:

6. What is irrigation? What are the types of irrigation?

Answer: supply of water to agriculture from canals, wells and tanks artificially or manually
Types:
canals, wells and tanks

7. What is multi-purpose river valley project? What are its objectives?

Answer: The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits.
The objectives:
Providing water for irrigation
Providing water for domestic use
Providing water for industries
Providing water for fisheries
Providing water for navigation
To control floods
To prevent soil erosion
To provide water for afforestation.

8- Name the hydro-electric power projects of Karnataka.

Answer: Shivanasamudra,
Tungabhadra,

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Jog, Bhadra,
Alamatti, Kali (Supa Dam)

9- ’Rain water harvesting is compulsory today’. Why?

Answer: Water is very precious. Although India has vast water resource, it is most
unevenly distributed.
Rainfall is coufined to the rainy season.
Even in areas of heavy rainfall, water shortage is seen during the summers. The only
solution to the drought condition prevailing in India is ‘Rain Water Harvesting’.

10- What is National Power Grid?

Answer: Supply power from surplus states to deficit states.

III. Match the following projects in ‘A’ with states ‘B’

i. Bhakra dam…………………………. Govinda Sagar

ii. Tungabhadra dam………………. Pampa Sagar
iii. Almatti dam………………………. Lal Bahadur Shastri Sagar
iv. Narayanapura dam…………….. Basava sagara

March:2015
1-The exact matching of the marked River Valley projects is
(A) 1 — Hirakud, 2 — Tungabhadra, 3 — Bhakra Nangal
(B) 1 — Tungabhadra, 2 — Bhakra Nangal, 3 — Hirakud
(C) 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Tungabhadra, 3 — Hirakud
(D) 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Hirakud, 3 — Tungabhadra.

Answer: (D) 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Hirakud, 3 — Tungabhadra.

June 2015
1-The exact matching of the marked places is-----------
(A) 1 — Kosi, 2 — Chambal, 3 — Beas
(B) 1 — Chambal, 2 — Hirakud, 3 — Damodar
(C) 1 — Nagarjuna, 2 — Narmada, 3 — Bhakra Nangal
(D) 1 — Chambal, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Narmada.

Answer: C — 1 — Nagarjuna, 2 — Narmada, 3 — Bhakra Nangal

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March 2016
1-The exact matching of the marked River Valley projects is--------
A) 1 — Nagarjuna Sagar, 2 — Bhakra Nangal, 3 — Kosi
(B) 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Nagarjuna Sagar
(C) 1 — Kosi, 2 — Nagarjuna Sagar, 3 — Bhakra Nangal
(D) 1 — Nagarjuna Sagar, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Bhakra Nangal.

Answer:( B )— 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Nagarjuna Sagar

June 2016
1-Choose and write the correct combination of places marked in the following map from
the options given below :
(A) a — Kolkata, b — Surat, c — Vishakhapatnam
(B) a — Surat, b — Kolkata, c — Vishakhapatnam
(C) a — Vishakhapatnam, b — Surat, c — Kolkata
(D) a — Kolkata, b — Vishakhapatnam, c — Surat.

Answer: B — a — Surat, b — Kolkata, c — Vishakhapatnam

2-Recently the water storage capacity of our reservoirs is reducing. Why ?

Answer: Accumulation of silt / soil erosion.

March 2017
1-The exact matching of the marked places in the map is
A) 1 — Tungabhadra, 2 — Bhakra Nangal, 3 — Kosi
(B) 1 — Hirakud, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Bhakra Nangal
(C) 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Tungabhadra, 3 — Hirakud
(D) 1 — Kosi, 2 — Hirakud, 3 — Tungabhadra.

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Answer: C — 1 — Bhakra Nangal, 2 — Tungabhadra, 3 — Hirakud

2-Why was river Damodar called ‘Sorrow of Bengal’ ?

Answer: It was causing large scale of destruction to life and property in West Bengal.

June 2017
1-The exact matching of the marked places in the map is
(A) 1 — Kosi, 2 — Narmada, 3 — Hirakud
(B) 1 — Nagarjuna Sagar, 2 — Narmada, 3 — Kosi
(C) 1 — Narmada, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Nagarjuna Sagar
(D) 1 — Kosi, 2 — Nagarjuna Sagar, 3 — Narmada.

Answer: (C) 1 — Narmada, 2 — Kosi, 3 — Nagarjuna Sagar

March 2018

Answer: A — 1 — Amritsar, 2 — Guwahati, 3 — Hyderabad

1-Why is ‘National Power Grid’ established?

Answer: To supply power from surplus states to deficit states.

March 2019
1- The construction of Damodar river project has resulted in

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(A) Damodar as no more ‘Sorrow of Bengal’

(B) increasing landslides
(C) causing heavy earthquakes
(D) submerging many major industrial areas
Answer: (A) — Damodar as no more ‘Sorrow of Bengal’

June 2019
1- Water resources are very important for the developing countries. How?
Answer: For drinking
Cooking
Agriculture
Hydro-electricity
Washing
Cleanliness
Industry
Navigation
Fishing.

June 2023
1-Irrigation is very essential in India. Why?
Answer: — Availability of water varies from region to region
— Varies from time to time
— Rainfall in India is uncertain
— Unreliable
— Unequally distributed
— Agriculture depends on irrigation.

June 2023
1-The Multipurpose River Valley project built across the river Sutlej is
(A) Bhakra-Nangal Project (B) Hirakud Project
(C) Pampasagar (D) Nagarjunasagar Project
Answer: (A) Bhakra-Nangal Project

March 2024
1-Well irrigation is the most important type of irrigation. Why?
Answer: — Provides water to large areas of agricultural land
— More useful in low rainfall regions
— Construction and maintenance is easier, cheaper
— Underground source gets renewed.

GEOGRAPHY:6
INDIA - LAND USE AND AGRICULTURE

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

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1. Utilising the land for a variety of purposes is known as _____. (land use)
2. Growing Two-three crops on the same plot in a year is called ____________. ( Mixed
Farming)
3. Farmers growing crops only to sustain themselves is called _____________ farming.
(Subsistence farming)
4. Progress in the horticultural field is known as ___________ . ( ‘Golden Revolution’.)
5. The state is the largest producer of paddy in India is _______. (West Bengal)
6. The crops grown during summer is also known as _______ farming. (Zaid farming)

II Answer the following after discussing them in groups:

7- What are the factors that influence land use ?

Answer: 1. relief features
2. climate
3. soil
4.population density,
5. socio-economic and technical factors.

3. What is ‘Agriculture’? What are the types of Agriculture?

Answer: Tilling of the soil for raising food crops and raw materials needed by human
beings is called Agriculture
Types:
1. Intensive farming
2.Subsistence farming
a- Sedentary Farming
b- Shifting cultivation
3.Commercial farming
4.Mixed farming
5.Horticultural farming
6. Plantation Farming
7.Dry Farming
8. Humid Farming
9. Irrigation Farming

9- What is ‘kharif crop’?

Answer: The crops grown during the south- west monsoon season are called kharif crops.

10- What is meant by ‘rabi crop’?

Answer: The crop grown during north-west monsoon season are called Rabi crops.

11- What are the factors essential for growing cotton?

Answer: 1. Cotton is a tropical and sub-tropical crop.
2. It requires 210 to 240c temperature and rainfall of 50-100cm in a year.

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3. Black cotton soil is the best suited for its growth.

4. It is grown as a Kharif crop.
8. Prepare a list of the flowers grown around you.
Answer: Rose, Marigold, Jasmine, Champa, Lily, Orchids, etc.

March:2015
1-How do economic factors influence land use?
Answer: i) Land holding
ii) Technology
iii) Irrigation
iv) Facility
v) Human capability.

June 2015
1-What is mixed farming?
Answer: Growing crops, rearing animals at the same land is called mixed farming.

2-Wheat is the most important Rabi crop of the North-Western states. Why?
Answer: The cool temperature with light rain is most suitable.

March 2016
1-How can be fallow land utilized for agriculture?
Answer: By adopting technology.

2-Indian farmers sow seeds in the month of June or July and get yields in October. Why?
Answer: This is the period of South-West monsoons. Farmers depend on it for agriculture.

June 2016
1- Cultivating vegetables and pulses during April-May is the best example for
Kharif crops (B) Rabi crops (C) Jade farming (D) Subsistence farming.
Answer: C — Jade farming

2-What is subsistence farming?

Answer: Growing crops for their own use.

March 2017
1- “Horticulture is witnessing immense progress in India.” Explain.
Answer: India has all the facilities needed for horticulture like i) diverse landforms ii)
climate iii) soil iv) irrigation facility v) labour vi) market vii) governmental encouragement.

June 2017
1-Shifting cultivation has decreased in India. Why?
Answer: To conserve forest
i) Increase in sedentary farming.

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ii)Government has banned shifting cultivation.

March 2018
1- Differentiate between Kharif and Rabi seasons.
Answer:
Kharif season Rabi season
i) South-West monsoon season i) Winter season / post monsoon season
ii) Seeds sown in June-July and ii) Seeds sown in OctoberNovember and
crops harvested in September- crops
October harvested in February-March
iii) Paddy — major crop iii) Wheat — major crop.

June 2018
1- “Indian agriculture is nurturing the occupations of secondary and tertiary sectors.”
Justify.
Answer:
Secondary Sector: Tertiary Sector :
i) Agro-based industries ( Sugar, Cotton, i) Transportation
Jute ) ii) Banking
ii) Chemical fertilizer industry ( Provides iii) Insurance
market ) iv) Education
iii) Pesticide and insecticide industry v) Trade.
iv) Farming equipment manufacturing (Employment opportunities in Service
industries. sector) These develop with the help of
( Employment opportunities in industries ) agriculture.

March 2019
1- How has agriculture helped in the development of Secondary and Tertiary sectors ?
Answer: — Agriculture supports tertiary sectors like trade, transport, banking, insurance.
— It supports industries like cotton, jute, sugar industries.
— It provides market for chemical and implements manufacturing industries.

June 2019
1- How is floriculture helpful for the development of Indian farmers?
Answer: • Increasing farmers income
Employment opportunities
Providing employment of women
Export of goods.

March 2020
1-What is the importance of agriculture in our country’s economic progress?
Answer: — Ancient occupation
— 65% of people depend on agriculture

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— Economic progress
— Source of livelyhood
— Source of food and fodder
— National income and revenue
— Supports tertiary sector
— Influence on political and social situation
— Supports industries.

September 2020
1-What are the requirements essential to cultivate wheat and sugarcane ?
Answer:
Wheat Sugarcane
— Temperate region — Irrigation is essential
— 10° to 15°C temperature — 21° to 26°C temperature
— 50 to 70 cm annual rainfall — 100 to 150 cm annual rainfall
— Heavy loamy and black soils — Alluvial and loamy soils
— Northern plains are best suitable — South India is best suitable

March 2022
1- List out the types of agriculture followed in India.
Answer: — Subsistence :
a) Shifting
b) Sedentary
— Intensive
— Commercial
— Mixed
— Plantation
— Dry
— Humid
— Irrigation.

June 2022
1-List out the various types of agriculture practised in India.
Answer: — Subsistence farming :
a) Shifting
b) Sedentary
— Intensive farming
— Commercial farming
— Mixed farming
— Plantation farming
— Dry farming
— Humid farming
— Irrigation farming.

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March 2023
1-“Agriculture plays a very important role in Indian Economy.” Justify.
Answer: — Agriculture is the main occupation of Indians
— Played important role to develop civilization
— It is the main occupation of Indians
— Involved in different forms
— Cultivating different crops
— Supplies the foodgrains
— Food to cattle
— Raw material for industries
— Agriculture nurtures many industries
— Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, industries
— Agriculture supports many tertiary occupations like transport, trade, banking
— Helps environmental balance.

June 2023
1- What are the factors essential for growing tea?
Answer: Temperature of 21°C
Rainfall of 100-200 cms/annum
Fertile soil with rich organic
Sand-mixed black soil
Hill slope area
Altitude of 1200 to 2400 metres
Assam, West Bengal

GEOGRAPHY:7
INDIA - MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The wonder metal of the 20th century is _________. (Bauxite ore)

2. The largest producer of gold in India is _________. (Hatti)
3. Mica is also called ‘__________________’ in Kannada. (Kage bangara)

II Answer the following after discussing them in groups:

4- What are the important mineral resources available in India?

Answer: Iron ore, manganese ore, bauxite ore, mica and gold.coal, petroleum and atomic
minerals.

5. Which are the types of manganese ore?

Answer: Pyrolusite, Psilomelane, Magnatite, Branite and Holyandite.

6. What are the uses of Mica?

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Answer: manufacture of telephones, telegraph, wireless service, glass, colour varnish,

artificial rubber, dynamos and chemical industries. Mica is also called ‘kage bangara’ in
Kannada.

7. Which are the important atomic minerals?

Answer: Uranium, Thorium, Berylium, Lithium

8- What are non-conventional energy resources? Explain their importance.

Answer: Solar Energy Wind Energy Tidal Energy Geo-thermal power Bio-gas.
They are renewable, pollution free and eco-friendly.
They can be conveniently supplied to urban as well as rural areas.
They are capable of meeting the requirements of power in India, In recent years rate of
energy consumption has increased.
Thus, there is urgent need to develop of alternative power resources in India

9.Give suggestions of your own to eradicate the power scarcity.

Answer: Using of non- conventional energy resources.
More importance to Hydro-electric power generation.
Use of alternate local energy resource.
Producing energy from solid waste.
Educating the people to minimise the use of energy resource.

March:2015
1-Bauxite is known as wonder metal because
(A) it consists of different colours (B) used in various types
(C) can extract more metal from less ore (D) it comprises various mixtures
Answer: B — used in various types

June2015
1-Why is petroleum called liquid gold?
Answer: This is very precious during both peace and war / Essential for all economic
activities.

March 2016
2-Today, it is essential to reduce the use of conventional sources of energy. Why?
Answer: i) Greenhouse effect
ii) Global warming
iii) Environmental pollution
Resources get exhausted.

June 2016
1-What are the remedial measures to be taken to overcome the scarcity of power
resources ?

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Answer: i) Using non-conventional resources ii) Hydroelectricity iii) Alternative local energy
resources iv) Minimising the use of energy resources v) Energy from solid waste.

March 2017
1-Export of Mica from India has reduced, because
(A) its production has decreased (B) its production has increased
(C) substitute for mica is available (D) it is a non-ferrous mineral.
Answer: C — substitute for mica is available

June 2017
1-Why is petroleum called ‘Liquid Gold’?
Answer: Very precious in both during peace and war.

March 2018
1-What are the remedial measures to overcome the scarcity of power?
Answer: — Use of non-conventional resources
— giving importance to hydro-electric power generation
— use of alternate local energy resources
— encouraging the use of non-conventional energy sources
— educating the people to minimise the use of energy sources
— producing energy from solid waste.

June 2018
1- What are the steps to be taken to overcome the deficit in the energy resources ?
Answer: i) Usage of non-conventional resources
ii) Importance to Hydroelectric Power Generation
iii) Usage of alternative local energy sources
iv) Encouraging the usage of non-conventional energy sources
v) Awareness about minimised usage of energy sources
vi) Producing energy from solid waste.

March 2019
1- Why do the construction companies provide more demand for aluminium?
Answer: — Good conductor of electricity
— low corrosion
— light weight
— multiple use
—strong and cheap.
— Used as a substitute for steel and copper in construction.

2- Energy crisis is a major problem of India in recent days. Why?

Answer: — Production of energy is less than the demand.
— Meager deposits and shortage of petroleum
— Poor quality of coal

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— Erratic rainfall and shortage of water

— Loss of power in transmission
— Limited use of non-conventional energy sources.

June 2019
1-Why is manganese called a ferro-alloy?
Answer: Manufacture of steel

March 2023
1-The best example for the conventional energy source among the following is
(A) Wind energy (B) Tidal energy (C) Solar energy (D) Natural gas
Answer: (D) Natural gas.

March 2024
1-“It has become inevitable in India to take necessary remedies to prevent the deficit in
the energy resources.” Why?
Answer: — Exhaustible resources
— Conserve conventional resources
— Pollution
— Importance to hydro-electric power generation
— Lack of conventional sources
— Use of alternate local energy resources
— Educate them to minimal use of energy resources
— Producing energy from solid waste.

GEOGRAPHY:8
INDIA - TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The name of the international airport of Bengaluru is_______. (Kempegowda

international airport)
2. ___________ is necessary for the development of villages and agriculture. (Road
transport)
3. __________ port is called Gateway of India. (Mumbai port)
4. The tea port of India is __________. (Kolkata)

II- Answer the following questions in brief:

5. What are the importance of roads in India?

Answer: India is a country of villages and is predominantly an agricultural nation.
Roads are very important for the development of villages and agriculture.
Movement of agricultural produce by farmers to the markets is possible only by roadways.
Essential commodities required by the villagers are transported with the help of roads.

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Road transport feeders rail ways. Roads Provide the movement of goods.

6. What are the four types of major Roads?

Answer: 1) National Highways, 2) State Highways, 3) District Roads and 4) Village Roads.

7. What is meant by Golden Quadrilateral Project?

Answer: The Golden Quadrilateral Highways links the major metropolitan cities of the
country like Delhi - Mumbai - Chennai and Kolkata through 4/6 lanes of national highways.

8.Make a list of major ports in India.

Answer:
ports on the west coast ports on the east coast
1-Kandla 1.Tuticorin
2. Mumbai 2.Chennai
3. Jawaharlal Neharu Port 3. Ennore
4. Mormugoa 4. Visakhapatnam
5. New Mangaluru 5. Paradip
6. Kochi 6. Haldia
7. Kolkata
8. Port Blair

9. List out the problems of road transport in India?

Answer: 1. Many village and district roads become unfit for transportation during the rainy
season.
2. Road transport is also the cause of environmental pollution, increased density of
vehicles and accidents.
3. Roads are subjected to severe wear and tear due to rain, floods and cyclones every year.
4. Construction and management of national and state highways are inadequate.
5. Scarcity of the basic needs along the roadside in seen all over the country.

10- What do you mean by Communication Media?

Answer: Communication Media refers to the means of delivering and receiving data or
information.

11- What are the types of communication? Mention the importance of Communication.
Answer: Postal service.
Telecommunication.
Radio and television.
Newspapers.
Satellite.
Computer network.
Internet and email.

Importance: Helps in sending Messages from person to person and place to place quickly.

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Helps in creating awareness among the people.

Helps to know about natural hazards and disasters,
Helps in weather forecasting.
It helps in the progress of trade, industry, agriculture etc.
It provides entertainment.
It provides day to day information of the world.
Provides employment to many.
They educate the people.
Helps to strengthen the unity and integrity.

12. How is GPS different from GIS?

Answer:
GPS GIS
The main objective of this system is to The system which can collect the
indicate the location of a stationary or information, accumulate and enable use
moving object or person through pointingwhen required, modify and show the data
out the latitude, longitude and height of the earth’s surface is called
above the sea level. Geographical Information System (GIS).

13- Write about Remote Sensing Technology.

Answer: In the modern technology Remote sensing is very important.
In collect information regarding the earth surface.
It gathers information about distance without physically touching the objects.
This is called Remote sensing.
Arial and satellite photos are from the Remote sensing.

March:2015
1-What is remote sensing?
Answer: It gathers information about distance without physically touching the objects with
the help of satellites.
2-How is GPS helpful?
Answer: Indicate the location of stationary or moving object or person through pointing
out of latitude, longitude and height above the sea level.
3-What were the problems of Indian road transport?
Answer: i) Unfit for rainy season
ii) Environment pollution and accidents
iii) Severe wear and tear due to rain, flood and cyclones
iv) Construction and management are inadequate
v) Scarcity of the basic needs.

June 2015
1-Geographical Information System is widely used all over the world. Why?
Answer:  Satellite, natural & cultural features
 Land structure, river etc.

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 Overlapped one above the other and easily analysis can be made
 Computer-based system.

2-What are the problems of Road Transport?

Answer:  Rainy season
 Environment pollution
 Severe wear and tear
 Construction and management
 Scarcity of basic needs.

March 2016
1-Mention the importance of communication.
Answer: Helps
i)to learn about various incidents of different places
ii) to create awareness about the policies of the government
iii) to speed the developmental process
iv) for the development of Trade and Commerce
v)to strengthen the unity and stability of the country.

2- Which are the major ports of India?

Answer: i) Kandla
ii) Mumbai
iii) Marmagoa
iv) New Mangalore port
v)Kochi
vi) Tuticorin
vii) Chennai
viii) Vishakhapatnam
ix) Paradwip
x) Kolkata
xi) Haldia.

June 2016
1-What are the uses of Geographical Information System ( G.I.S. ) ?
Answer: i) GIS maps are more attractive and accurate ii) Easy analysing, construction of
models iii) Advance information-weather phenomena iv) Easy to create maps, analyse and
modify.

2-List out the major ports of east coast and west coast of India separately.
Answer:
East Coast West Coast
Kolkata Kandla
ii) Haldia ii) Mumbai
iii) Paradwip iii) Navasheva

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iv) Vishakhapatnam iv) Marmagoa

v) Chennai v) Mangaluru
vi) Tuticorin vi) Kochi.

March 2017
1-How does Remote sensing technology help in managing natural calamities?
Answer: Pictures taken with the help of remote sensing help in the study of natural
calamities like i) typhoons ii) cyclones iii) storms iv) floods v) droughts.

2-Which are the major ports of India?

Answer: i) Kandla ii) Mumbai iii) Marmagoa iv) New Mangalore Port v) Kochi vi) Tuticorin
vii) Chennai viii) Vishakhapatnam ix) Paradwip x) Kolkata xi) Haldia

June 2017
1-How is Remote sensing technology helpful in tackling natural disasters?
Answer: i) Reliable information through true, accurate pictures.
ii) Fast & low cost.
iii) Easily analysed by computers.
iv) Operates even during extreme climate and disturbances.
v) Helpful in studying natural calamities like typhoons, cyclonic storms, floods etc.
vi) Significant in analysing natural resources and land reliefs.

2-What are the problems faced by Road Transport in India?

Answer: i) Unfit for transportation during the rainy season
ii) Environmental pollution
iii) Traffic problems and accidents
iv) Affected by rain, floods and cyclones
v) Inadequate construction and maintenance
vi) Lack of basic needs along the roadside.

March 2018
1-The exact matching of the marked places in the map is

(A) 1 — Amritsar, 2 — Guwahati, 3 — Hyderabad

(B) 1 — Guwahati, 2 — Hyderabad, 3 — Amritsar
(C) 1 — Hyderabad, 2 — Amritsar, 3 — Guwahati
(D) 1 — Allahabad, 2 — Hyderabad, 3 — Amritsar.

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Answer: A — 1 — Amritsar, 2 — Guwahati, 3 — Hyderabad

2- How is remote sensing technology helpful during natural calamities?

Answer: Pictures taken with the help of remote sensing help in the study of natural
calamities like
— typhoons
— cyclones
— storms
— floods
— droughts
— earthquakes
— landslides etc.

3-What are the problems of Road Transport in India?

Answer: — Roads are unfit for transportation during rainy season
— environmental pollution
— traffic jam and accidents
— damage due to rain, floods, cyclones
— inadequate construction and management
— lack of basic needs along the roadside.

June 2018
1- The number of satellites successfully launched by India to have its own local GPS is
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7.
Answer: D — 7.

2- Where was the usage of GIS started first time in the world?
Answer: Canada

3-What are the problems of Road Transport?

Answer: i) Become unfit during rainy seasons
ii) Cause environmental pollution
iii) Heavy vehicle density and Accidents
iv) Severe wear and tear due to rain, flood, cyclone
v) National and State Highways — inadequate construction and management
vi) Lack of basic needs along the road side.

March 2019
1- Road Transport is better than Railway Transport. Substantiate.
Answer: — Can be constructed in forests and hilly regions
— Connect isolated places
— Connect remote places with cities and towns
— Provide door to door services
— Most useful for defence in border areas.

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June 2019
1- How is Remote Sensing technology useful?
Answer: Collects information regarding the earth’s surface
It gathers information about the distance between two objects without touching
Aerial and satellite photos are taken through remote sensing.

March 2020
What is the importance of transport and communication?
Answer: — Develops resources
— Agricultural progress
— Industrial progress
— Widen the market
— Increase internal / external trade
— Provides employment
— Raises income / standard of living
— Encourages tourism
— Helps defence.

September 2020
1-Classify the following under personal communication of Mass Communication and then
write them: Post ( letter ), Television, Fax, Radio
Answer:
Personal Communication Mass Communication
— Post (Letter) — Television
— Fax — Radio
2-Majority of Iron and Steel Industries are located in Odisha and West Bengal regions.
Why ?
Answer: — Supply of iron ore
— Supply of cooking coal
— Supply of hydel power
— Rail transport
— Port facilities
— Plenty of water supply
— Cheap labour
— Capital and local market.

July 2021
1-The ‘Gateway of India’ is
(A) Chennai (B) Mumbai (C) Delhi (D) Kolkata
Answer: (B) Mumbai

March 2022
1-What is the importance of transport? Explain.
Answer: — Develop resources

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— Agricultural development
— Industrial Progress
— Widens market
— Increases trade
— Employment
— Raised income
— Standard of living
— Encourage tourism
— Helps defence.

June 2022
1-Explain the importance of transport in the development of a country.
Answer: — Develop resources
— Agricultural progress
— Industrial progress
— Widen the market
— Increase internal / external trade
— Provides employment
— Raises income / Standard of living
— Encourages tourism
— Helps defence.

March 2023
1-List out the major ports that are found in Eastern Coast of India.
Answer: — Tuticorin
— Chennai
— Vishakhapatnam
— Paradeep
— Kolkata
— Haldia.

June 2023
1- What are the importance of communication?
Answer: Learn the various incidents
Awareness of the policies of the Government
Creating awareness
Educating people about agriculture and industries
Development of skill knowledge
Trade, communication and business
Strengthen the unity, integration and stability.

March 2024
1- The role of transportation in economic development is significant. How ?
Answer: — Provides goods and services to the place of requirement

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— Helps agricultural development

— Helps industries
— Helps mining
— Helps aforestation
— Helps fisheries
— Helps dairy farming
— Connecting markets
— Helps rapid economic development
— To transport defence forces.

GEOGRAPHY:9
INDIA - MAJOR INDUSTRIES

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Bengal iron company of west Bengal was located in ________. (1870 at Kulti)
2. Manufacturing of cloth from various kinds of fibres is called _______ industry. (Textile)
3. The first paper industry of India was located on bank of _________ river. (Hoogly)
4. ISRO was established in the year _________ .( August 15th, 1969)

II Answer the following after discussing them in groups:

5.Make a list of industrial zones.

Answer: Certain areas of the country have more concentration of industries.

6.Which are the places of Iron and steel industry?

Answer: Tata Iron and Steel Plant- TISCO – at Jamshedpur of Jharkhand.
2. Indian Iron and Steel Company – IISCO – Berhampur, West Bengal
3. Visveswaraya Iron and Steel Company – VISCO – at Bhadravathi, Karnataka
4. Iron and Steel Company at Bhilai, Chattisgarh
5. Iron and Steel Company at Rourkela, Orissa
6. Iron and Steel Company at Durgapur, West Bengal
7. Iron and Steel Company at Bokaro, Jharkhand
8. Iron and Steel Company at Salem, Tamil Nadu
9. Iron and Steel Company at Vishakapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.

7.What are the factors influencing the location of an industry?

Answer: Availability of raw material
Availability of energy resource
Availability of Labours
Good transport facility
Good market facility
Technology and government policies
Land Availability at low cost

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Port facility

8.What are the raw materials used in paper industry?

Answer: Soft wood.
Bamboo.
Cellulosic pulp.
Sabai grass.
Straw of paddy.
Bagasse.
Cotton lint Rags.

9. Explain the distribution of cotton textile industries in India.

Answer: widely distributed over 76 town and cities
Concentrated mainly in Cotton growing areas
Located in Maharashtra, Gujarat, TamilNadu and Karnataka.
Largely concentrated in Mumbai.
Mumbai is known as ‘Manchester of India’ and ‘Cotton polis of India’

10. What are the effects of biotechnology on agriculture?

Answer: Due to development of bio-technology the great revolution was started in
agriculture.
Through the procedure of grafting in plants and animals and by the use of new seeds,
medicines fertilizers, organic fertilizers, developed hybrid seeds, soya beans, maize, cotton
etc. have been developed.
Recently plant bio- technology, environment, bio- diversity and being used.

11. What are the changes resulting from the use of advanced technology?
Answer: Advanced technology is used in telephone,
internet communication, defence department,
weapons and nuclear bombs, satellite launching,
Lunar projects like chandrayana,
transparent in city administration in government offices (eg: Nemmadi, Aadhar etc.),
development of global economic system, educational, social and economic affairs and
elections.

12. What are the main achivements of ISRO?

Answer: 1) The Indian National Satellite System (INSAT). was introduced by Indian space
organization (ISRO) for enhancing better experience in search - rescue operation.
2) India was the first country to reach MARS for the first time through ISRO.
3) India was the first country to land on the South - pole through the satellite launched by
ISRO.

III. Match the following:

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i. Mumbai…………………… Manchester of India

ii. Bengaluru………………. Silicon Valley
iii. Bhadravathi………….. Vishveshwarayya Iron and Steel Industry
iv. Belagavi district…….. Sugar industries.

March:2015
What are the factors influencing location of industries?
Answer: i) Raw materials
ii) Energy resources
iii) Market
iv) Transport facility
V)Availability of labour
Vi) Port facility
vii) Technology, Govt. policies

June 2015
1-Define Industrial zones.
Answer: Certain areas of the country have more concentration of Industries they are
industrial zones.

2-What are the factors influencing the location of an industry?

Answer:  Availability of raw materials
 Energy resources
 Market
 Transport
 Availability of labour
 Port facility
 Government policy.

March 2016
1-What are the factors influencing the location of an industry?
Answer: i) Availability of raw materials ii) Energy resources iii) Market iv) Transport facility
v) Availability of labour vi) Port facility vii) Land availability at low cost viii) Technology ix)
Governmental policies.

June 2016
1-What are the factors influencing the location of industries?
Answer: i) Raw materials ii) Energy resources iii) Market iv) Transport facility v) Availability
of labour vi) Port facility vii) Land availability at low cost viii) Technology ix) Government
policies.

March 2017
1-Which are the major industrial zones of India?
Answer: i) Hooghly Region ii) Mumbai-Pune Region iii) Ahmadabad-Vadodara Region

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iv) Damodar Valley Region v) Southern industrial region vi) National Capital region vii)
Vishakhapatnam-Guntur region viii) Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram region.

June 2017
1-Which is the ‘Silicon City of India’?
Answer: Bengaluru

2-What are the factors that influence the location of industries ?

Answer: i) Availability of raw materials
ii) Energy resources
iii) Market
iv) Transport facilities
v) Availability of labour
vi) Port facility
vii) Land availability at low cost
viii) Technology
ix) Governmental policies.

June 2018
1- Why is Bangalore called as the ‘Silicon City of India’?
Answer: Bangalore is the centre of information technology.

2- Why was Mumbai called the ‘Manchester of India’?

Answer: It had large number of Cotton Mills.

March 2019
1-Explain how the industries help in economic development of a country.
Answer: — Reduces the reliance on primary product
— Reduces imported goods
— Increases national income
— Increases per capita income
— Earns foreign exchange
— Creates job opportunities
— Increases G.D.P.
— Improves living standard of the people
— Reduces pressure on agriculture
— Helps in development of Tertiary Sector.

June 2019
1-Which are the factors required for the location of iron and steel industry?
Answer: Supply of iron-ore
Coal and hydroelectricity
Railway and Port facilities
Water supply

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Cheap labour, Expert labour

Capital and local market.

March 2020
1-Mention the factors that influence the localisation of industries.
Answer: — Raw materials
— Power
— Transport and communication
— Market facilities
— Capital
— Labour
— Water supply
— Ideal climate
— Government policies.

September 2020
1- Majority of Iron and Steel Industries are located in Odisha and West Bengal regions
Why?
Answer: — Supply of iron ore
— Supply of cooking coal
— Supply of hydel power
— Rail transport
— Port facilities
— Plenty of water supply
— Cheap labour
— Capital and local market.

March 2022
1-What are the factors that influence the localization of industries ?
Answer: — Raw materials
— Power
— Transport / Communication
— Market
— Capital
— Labour
— Water
— Climate
— Government policies.

June 2022
1-What are the factors that influence the localization of industries?
Answer: — Supply of raw materials
— Supply of power
— Transport and Communication facilities

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— Market facilities
— Capital
— Labour and water supply
— Ideal climate
— Government policies.

June 2023
1- The Silicon City of India is
(A) Mumbai (B) Chennai (C) Delhi (D) Bangalore
Answer: (D) Bangalore

March 2024
1- In India localization of industries is influenced by many factors. How?
Answer: — Raw materials
— Energy resources
— Market
— Infrastructure
— Transport facility
— Availability of labour
— Port facility
— Land availability
— Technology
— Government policies
— Suitable climate
— Capital
— Water.

GEOGRAPHY:10
INDIA - NATURAL DISASTERS

Answer the following after discussing them in groups:

1.What are natural disasters?

Answer: Naturally-occurring destructive incidents resulting in loss of human life and
property are called natural disasters.
Examples: - Cyclones, Floods, Landslides, Coastal erosion and Earthquakes

2.What are the effects of cyclones?

Answer: Causes loss of life and property
Cause damage to buildings.
Cause damage to transportation.
Cause damage to communication system.
Disrupt power supply. Destroy crops, vegetation, animals etc.

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3. What are floods?

Answer: Floods refer to the inundation of land by river water.

4.What is Landslide?
Answer: The sliding of land mass along steep slopes of hills or mountains is called
landslides

5.What is Earthquake.
Answer: An earthquake is a violent vibration in the Earth’s crust

6.What are the causes of floods? Describe flood-prone areas in India.

Answer:
Natural Causes Man-made Causes
Heavy rainfall Deforestation.
Melting of snow Faulty irrigation
Tropical cyclones Agricultural practices.
Cloud burst Breaching of barrages
Blockage of free flow river water Rapid urbanization.
Accumulation of silt in rivers

flood-prone areas: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Assam,
Gujarat, Karnataka and some regions in the Himalayas are the major flood- prone areas.

7.What is Coastal Erosion? Mention its management.

Answer: The erosion of the land by sea waves in the coastal area is known as coastal
erosion
Management of coastal erosion including.
Prohibiting sand mining.
Construction of retention walls across coast.
Stocking of large rocky boulders along the coast.
Growing of Mangrove trees along the coast.

8.Write about the effects of earthquake and precautions to be taken.

Answer: Effects:
It causes large scale deaths.
Crops get totally destroyed.
Transports links and electricity supply affected badly.
Spread of infectious diseases.
Precautions:
Restricting construction of multi-storied buildings.
Restricting construction of large Dams and reservoirs.
Restricting underground mining.
Restricting urban growth.

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March:2015
1-Which are the natural disasters?
Answer: i) cyclones, landslides ii) floods, coastal erosion iii) droughts iv) earthquakes.

June2015
1-What are the causes for landslides?
Answer:  Mountain areas and coasts
 Railways and canals constructed
 Collection of loose soil
 Mining areas
 Deforestation.

March 2016
1-Coastal erosion is more severe along the coast of the state
(A) Kerala (B) Tamil Nadu (C) Orissa (D) West Bengal.
Answer: A — Kerala

March 2016
1-What is the cause for landslide in mining area?
Answer: Due to deep excavation of earth to reach the ore deposits — Loosen the land.

June 2016
1-What are the causes for floods?
Answer: i) Uncertainty of monsoon, heavy rainfall ii) Accumulation of silt in the rivers iii)
Breach of dams or retention of walls iv) Change in the course of rivers v) Cyclonic rainfall
vi) Earthquakes in the sea.

March 2017
1-Coastal erosion is more severe along the West Coast of India. Why?
Answer: Because of high tides formed due to South West monsoons.

2-Why should mangrove forests be grown along the coast?

Answer: To prevent coastal erosion.

June 2017
1-How can coastal erosion be prevented?
Answer: i) Prohibiting sand mining in coastal areas.
ii) Construction of retention walls.
iii) Stocking of large rocky boulders.
Growing of mangrove forests.

March 2018
1-Why should we grow Mangrove forests along the coasts?
Answer: To prevent coastal erosion.

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2-Which states of India are more affected by cyclones?

Answer: Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa

June 2018
1- What are the effects of Landslide?
Answer: i) Flowing of small rivers are checked
ii) Transportation is affected
iii) Villages (habitats) get submerged
iv) Forests get submerged
v) Loss of life
vi) Damage to property.

March 2019
Explain how both natural and human induced forces cause landslides.
Answer:
Natural forces: Human forces:
— Erosion of a sea cliff — Deforestation
— Earthquakes — Construction of roads, railways and dams
— Heavy rainfall. — Construction of reservoirs and hydel power projects
— Mining and quarrying.

June 2019
1-Mention any six points for the cause of floods.
Answer: Caused by both natured and manmade factors
Heavy rainfall
Melting of snow
Tropical cyclones
Cloud burst
Sitting river beds
Deforestation
Faulty irrigation and agriculture practices
Urbanisation.

March 2020
1- List out the precautionary measures of earthquakes.
Answer: — Avoid human settlement
— Earthquake resistant buildings
— Use high quality building material
— Avoid high rise buildings
— Restrict over underground water mining
— Restrict urban growth
— Avoid large dams / reservoirs
— Stop deforestation / heavy quarrying.

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September 2020
1-Human activities caused floods and landslides. Justify.
Answer:
Floods: Landslides :
— Deforestation — Deforestation
— Faulty irrigation — Construction of roads and
— Faulty agricultural practice railways
— Breaching of barrages — Construction of dams and hydel
— Rapid urbanization. projects
— Mixing and quarrying.

July 2021
1-One of the preventive measures for the earthquake’s effects among the following is
(A) constructing retention wall
(B) restrict sand mining in coastal areas
(C) developing mangrove forests along the coast
(D) restriction on digging of deep wells for underground water
Answer: (D) restriction on digging of deep wells for underground water

March 2022
1- List out the effects of cyclones.
Answer: — Loss of life
— Property loss
— Damage to buildings
— Damage to transport / Communication
— Disrupts power supply
— Destroys crops
— Destroys vegetation
— Destroys animal life.

June 2022
1-What are the effects of floods ?
Answer: — Loss of life
— Loss of property
— Damage to crops-vegitation
— Breakdown of Communication and Power system
— Dislocation of transport system
— Soil erosion
— Disruption of essential services.

March 2023
1-The Eastern Coast of India is more prone to cyclones. Why ?
Answer: — Cyclones originate in the Bay of Bengal
— Heating — different in land and water

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— Humid
— Unstable air masses
— Cyclones originate in the Bay of Bengal and blow westwards
— Sometimes they change their direction to the NorthWest
— Hitting Odisha or West Bengal
— Occurrence in two periods
— More frequently in October and November.

March 2023
1-List out the preventive measures for earthquakes.
Answer: — Restricting construction of multi-storied buildings
— Using very light materials for construction
— Ensure stability
— Providing basic amenities
— Medical facility
— Food supply
— Provide drinking water
— Temporary shelter
— Basic facilities.

June 2023
1-What are the precautionary measures for cyclones?
Answer: Evacuation of people from dangerous low-lying areas
Ready-keeping boats, helicopters, other transports
Re-routing trains, buses
Ready keeping the army battalions
Keeping food
Keeping portable water, clothes
Ready by keeping medicines and medical facilities
Rehabilitation centres
Temporary shelters
Shifting to safe places.

March 2024
1- “Cyclones are hazardous.” Justify.
Answer: — Very destructive
— Life of the people of cyclone hit areas get totally changed
— Cause large scale deaths
— Inland water bodies become salty
— Crops get totally destroyed
— Transport links get affected badly
— Electricity supply affected
— Daily life of the people affected
— Suffer from infectious diseases

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— Leading huge casualties

ECONOMICS:1
ECONOMY AND GOVERNMENT

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. In the 20th century, governments brought into practice _____________ to enable

economic development. (economic plans)
2. The organization which formulates the five-year plans in India is _____________.
(National Planning Commission)
3. In the 11th five-year plan, ______________ was given priority. (Inclusive growth)
4. The Pioneer of the Green Revolution was ______________. (Dr. M.S. Swaminathan)
5. The government encourages farmers to adopt ___________ system of farming in order
to make farming environment-friendly and stable. (organic)
6. NITI Aayog was established on ___________( 1st Jan 2015)

Answer the following in one sentence each:

7.What the meaning of ‘economic planning’.

Answer: ‘The conscious and wise process through which the government, with certain
specific objectives, utilizes the country’s resources in a profitable manner in order to
secure maximum satisfaction of its people is called economic planning’

8.Who is the ‘Father of Indian Economic Planning’?

Answer: Sir Visveswaraya

9.Which is the organization that approves five-year plans?

Answer: National Development Board

10.What is ‘Green Revolution’?

Answer: The quick progress that took place in the production of food grains in India in
1967-70 has been termed the green revolution

11.What is ‘Post-Harvest Technology’?

Answer: The improved technology that is used to procure, process and market agricultural
produce is called ‘Post-Harvest Technology’.

12.Who is the Present Chairman of NITI Aayog?

Answer: Shri Amitabh Kant

III. Answer the following in 5-6 sentences.

13. How has the role of governments increased in welfare states?
Answer: With the rise of ‘Welfare States’ in the 20th century, the scope of governments’

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involvement got extended. They came forward to provide many facilities like food,
clothing, shelter, education, health, hygiene, transport, communication etc. to the citizens.
As the Government began involving itself in the economic activities of the people. It began
to gain more importance in the process of economic development.

14.What are the objectives of five-year plans?

Answer: 1. Increasing the production to the maximum extent possible.
2. Increasing the employment opportunities.
3. Reducing the economic disparities.
4. Ensuring economic stability.
5. Modernising the economy etc.

15. List out the achievements of five-year plans.

Answer: In the period between 2001-2010, per capita income has grown at an average rate
of 5.6 per annum.
The production has increased five times during the plan period, and reached 257.4 million
tonnes in 2011-12.
Immense progress has been recorded in the fields of science and technology.
Hence in order to include everyone in the process of growth. Inclusive growth has become
the priority of 11th and 12th five-year plans.

16.What are the factors that led to the Green Revolution?

Answer: The Green Revolution was the consequence of using ‘high yielding seeds’. In the
beginning of 1960, Dr. Norman Borlaug a German agricultural scientist conducted many
experiments in Mexico, the result of which was the discovery of high-yielding wheat
grains. Mexico and Taiwan made use of this grain and achieved immense success in the
production of wheat.
Agricultural production dropped drastically in India Dr. M.S. Swaminathan in the year
1965-66 due to severe drought. There was a grave scarcity of foodgrains. To resolve this
problem, in 1966, the Indian government initiated the usage of high-yielding variety seeds
of wheat in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan and Eastern parts of Uttar
Pradesh.
As a result, production of wheat increased immensely.

17. What are the remedies for the problems faced by agricultural sector?
Answer: In order to solve the problems in agricultural sector efforts are made to promote
organic and natural farming in Indian agriculture.
The nature friendly techniques of productions is the need of the hour.
Government is making its efforts to further increase the agricultural production through
this technique.

18.What are the objectives of NITI Aayog?

Answer: 1) To evolve a shared vision of national development priorities, sectors and
strategies with the active involvement of states.

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2) To faster co-operative federalism through structured support initiatives and

mechanisms with the states on a continuous basis, recognising that strong states make a
strong nation.

March:2015
1-How is per capita income derived?
Answer: Income is arrived by dividing the national income by the total number of people in
the country.

June 2015
1-How is per capita income derived?
Answer: Dividing National Income by the total number of people.

2-What are the objectives of Five-Year Plans?

Answer:  Eradication of poverty
 Improving the standard of living
 Reducing the economic disparities.

March 2016
1-Father of Economic Planning in India is
(A) Dr. M.S. Swaminathan (B) Dr. Norman Borlaug
(C) Sir M. Vishveswaraiah (D) Rammohan Roy.
Answer: C — Sir M. Vishveswaraiah

2-Green Revolution indicates

(A) the increase in the production of foodgrains (B) the increase in the production of fish
(C) the increase in the production of milk (D) the increase in the production of meat.
Answer: A — the increase in the production of foodgrains

3-Per capita income cannot be a true measure of development. Why?

Answer: i) Does not reveal the distribution of income
ii) May not increase the standard of life
iii) Does not take into consideration education or health.

June 2016
1-The authority which approves the draft copy of the Five-Year plans in India is-----
(A) The National Planning Commission (B) Central Finance Department
(C) The National Development Council (D) Reserve Bank of India.
Answer: C — The National Development Council.

2-Who has been called ‘the Pioneer of Green Revolution’ in India ?

Answer: Dr. M. S. Swaminathan

3-“Per capita income cannot be a true measure of development.” Why ?

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Answer: i) Does not reveal the distribution of income ii) Does not indicate the standard of
living iii) Does not take into consideration of education, health or other social factors.

March 2017
1-‘Father of Economic Planning’ of India is
(A) Sir M. Vishweswaraiah (B) Narayan Murthy
(C) Dr. Norman Borlaug (D) Dr. Pratap Reddy.
Answer: A — Sir M. Vishweswaraiah

2-Dr. M. S. Swaminathan is called ‘The Pioneer of Green Revolution’. Why?

Answer: For implementing the improved technology in Indian agriculture.

3-It is not appropriate to measure the Nation’s development through National Income.
Why?
Answer: i) Economic progress cannot take place with increasing population.
ii) Comparison of economic development between two countries having different level of
population is not appropriate.

June 2017
1-The term ‘Golden Revolution’ denotes the progress achieved in the field of
Gold Mining (B) Horticulture (C) Dairy Farming (D) Fisheries.
Answer: (B) Horticulture.

2-The book ‘Planned Economy for India’ was written by

(A) Sir. M. Vishveshwarayya (B) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan
(C) Dr. Verghese Kurien (D) Dr. Norman Borlaug.
Answer: (A) Sir. M. Vishveshwarayya

3-What is meant by ‘Post-Harvest Technology’ ?

Answer: The improved technology that is used to procure, process and market agricultural
produce.

4-Per capita income cannot be a true measure of development. Why?

Answer: i) It does not reveal the distribution of income among people.
ii) If the income is not distributed equally among the people, there can be no improvement
in the standard of living of people.
iii) It does not take into consideration the availability of education, health and other
factors.

March 2018
1- How can ‘Inclusive Growth’ of a country be achieved?
Answer: — by equal distribution of goods and services and income among all people
— increase in per capita income
— reduce of poverty, unemployment and inequality

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— providing nutritious food, adequate clothing, shelter, quality education, health, hygiene
to all the people.

2-How did India try to achieve economic development after independence ?

Answer: — Indian Government implemented a regulated economy
— tried to establish important and basic industries ( iron and steel industry, electricity,
heavy machinery industries )
— formulated rules and regulations for private industries
— imposed restrictions on economic activities
— made licensing mandatory for private business
— imposed ceiling on the amount of capital investment
— decided the prices of essential goods and services
— imposed higher tax on imports to protect indigenous manufacturers.

June 2018
1- Why is Sir M. Vishveshwaraiah called the ‘Father of Economic Planning in India’?
Answer: i) Modern planning was first conceived in India by Sir M. Vishveshwaraiah.
ii) Stressed the need for planning to achieve economic development in India.

2- Only national income and per capita income can’t be the true measure of a country’s
development. Why ?
Answer:
National income : Per Capita Income:
i) The population increases along with i) Increase does not reveal the distribution
the increase in National income — of income among people.
Economic progress can’t take place. ii) Doesn’t take into consideration
ii) Comparison of Economic development education, health and other social factors.
between any two countries having
different levels of population is not
appropriate.

2-Five-Year Plans have played an important role in economic progress of India. How ?
Answer: i) Increase in National income
ii) Increase in per-capita income
iii) Self sufficiency in the production of foodgrains
iv) Expansion of industry and service sector
v) Poverty alleviation programmes
vi) Creation of employment opportunities
vii) Progress in the field of Science and Technology
viii) Usage of technology — Agriculture, industry and service sector
ix) Export of services of Engineers
x) Increase in Export of manufacturing and engineering products
xi) Everyone in the process of growth
xii) Improvement in life expectancy

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xiii) Increase in literacy rate

xiv) Decrease in infant mortality, post-natal mortality
xv) Decrease in birth and death rate
xvi) Decrease in rate of population growth.

June 2019
1-The value of the total production of goods and services of a country during a year is
(A) State income (B) National income
(C) State and National income (D) Per capita income.
Answer: (B) — National income

September 2020
1-How is per capita Income of a country calculated?
Answer: Total national income is divided by total population in a given year.

July 2021
1-The total value of all goods and services produced in a country during one year is
(A) Per capita income (B) Real national income
(C) Standard of living (D) Purchasing power parity
Answer: (B) Real national income

2-When the National Income is divided by the total population it is

(A) Underdevelopment (B) Development
(C) Per capita income (D) Standard of living
Answer: (C) Per capita income.

March 2022
1-What is National Income?
Answer: Total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year.

June 2022
1-The value of goods and services produced in a country in one year is called as
(A) Per capita income (B) Development
(C) National Income (D) Human Development Index.
Answer: (C) National Income.

June 2022
1- Mention the objectives of economic development.
Answer: — Increasing income
— Attaining equality
— Reducing poverty, unemployment and inequality
— Conserving resources and environment
— Enhancing overall welfare of all.

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3-What are the causes for the changes in the supply of factors of production?
Answer: — Discovery of additional resources
— Education and skill development
— Capital accumulation
— Population growth
— Adoption of better techniques of production.

March 2023
1-NITI Aayog is headed by the Prime Minister but the day-today administration is looked
after by
(A) President (B) Secretary (C) Deputy Prime Minister (D) Vice-Chairman
Answer: (D) Vice-Chairman

March 2023
1-Which factors led to the Green Revolution?
Answer: — Using ‘high-yielding seeds’
— Dr. Norman Borlaug an Agricultural Scientist
discovered high-yielding grains
— Achieved immense success in Mexico and Taiwan
— Regulated supply of water
— Protection from diseases
— High-yielding variety seeds
— Fertilizers and pesticides are used
— Irrigation facilities were expanded
— Used improved technology.

June 2023
1- What are the objectives of Five-year Plan?
Answer: Increasing the production
Increasing the employment
Reducing the economic disparities
Ensuring economic stability
Modernizing the economy.

March 2024
1- The father of Green Revolution in India
(A) Varghese Kurien
(B) Sir M. Visvesvaraya
(C) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan
(D) Norman Borlaug
Ans: (C) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan

2-What is Fiscal policy?

Answer: Government announces the policy related to its income, expenditure and debt.

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3-Explain how the pre-harvest and post-harvest technologies brought Green Revolution ?
Answer:
Pre-harvest Technology : Post-harvest Technology
— Improved technology used in agricultural — Improved technology used to procure
production process and market agricultural products
— High yielding grains — Agri-markets
— Chemical fertilizers — Ware-houses
— Pesticides — Cold storage
— Irrigation — Processed manufacturing a variety of
products

ECONOMICS:2
RURAL DEVELOPMENT

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The true development of India is the development of its villages’. This was told by
_________. (Mahatma Gandhiji)
2. After the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution, _________ levels of panchayat
institutions have come into existence. (a three-tier)
3. Panchayat institutions operate under __________ principles. ((Decentralization))
4. ______________have been brought into existence in order to bring together poor rural
women and make them financially independent. ((Women Self-Help Groups))

II. Answer in one sentence each:

5. Explain the meaning of ‘Rural Development’.

Answer: Rural development is improvement of the social and economic status of the rural
by proper utilization of the locally available natural and human resources.

6.What is meant by ‘Decentralisation of Power’?

Answer: Providing administrative power and responsibility in development of villages.

7.Name the three levels of panchayat raj institutions.

Answer: Grama panchayat
Taluk panchayat
Zilla panchayat

8.Mention any two housing programmes.

Answer: Indira Avas Yojana, Ambedkar- Valmiki housing programmes

9.Which work of women is not considered labour?

Answer: Home service

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III. Answer the following questions in five to six sentences each:

10.How is the economic situation in the rural areas of India?

Answer: Poverty has increased
Dependency on agriculture
The people work in the primary sector
The gap between urban and rural areas is increasing gradually
Most of the people are illiterate  Lower per capita income

11.Explain briefly the significance of rural development.

Answer: The significance of rural development as follows
To eradicate poverty, unemployment and illiteracy
To facilitate education and health
To bring development in agriculture
To provide facilities like irrigation, transport and market yards
Development in cottage industries
Development of SC/ST and OBC people

12.Explain Gandhiji’s concept of ‘grama swarajya’ in the light of decentralization.

Answer: To develop self-reliant, self-sufficient, and prosperity.
To stop all kinds of exploitation.
To uphold human dignity and independence.
To nurture human values.
Compassion and co-operation.
All round development of rural sector.

13.What is the role of panchayat raj institutions in rural development?

Answer: It can facilitate the drinking water, roads, drains, hospitals, schools to rural Areas.
They promote development of human resource by encouraging education, technical and
vocational training, expansion of health and hygiene.
It provides employment by nurturing rural productive activities like fishery, bee keeping,
poultry.

March:2015
1-“Development of villages is the true development of India” was said by
Mahatma Gandhi (B) Vinoba Bhave (C) Dadabhai Naoroji (D) Jawaharlal Nehru.
Answer: A — Mahatma Gandhi.

2-Explain the importance of rural development.

Answer: Dividing National Income by the total number of people.
Answer: i) Development of housing, education, health, hygiene, transport.
ii) Improvement of knowledge, skills and capability.
iii) Agriculture can become a profitable and attractive occupation.
iv) Migration of rural people to cities can be avoided

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Rural people should be provided essential facilities

Small scale, cottage industries can be improved
Villagers get more employment opportunities.

June 2015
1-Explain Gandhiji’s concept of Gram Swarajya in the light of decentralization.
Answer:  Administrative power and responsibility
 Self reliant, self sufficient, prosperous
 Stop exploitation, human independence
 Compassion and co-operation
 73rd Constitutional Amendment.

March 2016
1-Explain briefly the significance of rural development.
Answer: i) Development of housing, education, health, hygiene, transport. ii) Improvement
of knowledge, skills and capability iii) Making agriculture a profitable and attractive
occupation iv) To avoid the migration of rural people to cities v) To improve small scale
and cottage industries vi) Continued employment opportunities for Scheduled Castes,
Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes vii) Providing essential facilities.

June 2016
1-Explain Gandhiji’s concept of ‘Grama Swarajya’ in the light of decentralization.
Answer: i) Power and responsibility of administration to the people — decentralization. ii)
Self-reliant, self-sufficient, prosperous villages iii) Decentralization — Grama Swarajya —
Gandhiji iv) End of exploitation v) Upholds human independence and dignity vi) Nurtures
human values vii) Uniform system of Panchayat Raj institutions — 73rd amendment viii)
Three-tier system of Panchayats ix) Operating according to democratic principles.

March 2017
1-Who stated that ‘The true development of India is the development of its villages’ ?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhiji.

2-Explain Gandhiji’s concept of ‘Grama Swarajya’ in the light of decentralization.

Answer: i) Administrative power to the villagers ii) Responsibility of developing the village
to villagers iii) Self-reliant, self-sufficient and prosperous villages iv) Self-reliant, self-
sufficient village life is ‘Grama Swarajya’ v) Decentralization ends all kinds of exploitation
vi) Upholds human independence and dignity vii) Nurtures human values like compassion
and co-operation.

June 2017
1-Explain the role of Panchayat Raj institutions in rural development.
Answer: i) Development of roads, drains, drinking water, street lights etc. in rural areas
ii) Encouragement to Vocational education, Adult education and Technical education
iii) Expansion of health and hygienic facilities.

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iv) Employment opportunities through nurturing agriculture, cattle- rearing, poultry,

fishery, social forestry etc.
v) Expansion of irrigation facilities
vi) Improving rural and cottage industries
vii) Effective implementation of MGNREGP, SGSY etc.
viii) Implementation of housing programmes like Indira Avas, Ashraya Yojana etc.
ix) Enhancement of basic facilities through Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana
x) Improvement in public distribution system
xi) Providing the benefits of Social Welfare Programmes to the needy people
xii) Organization of women self-help groups
xiii) Encouragement to rural arts and culture
xiv) All-round development of villages on a democratic platform.

March 2018
1-Who stated that the “True development of India is the development of its villages”?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhiji

2-How does Rural Development help to the economic development of the country?
Answer: — Rural Development tackles poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, ill health etc.
— provides facilities like education, training, health, hygiene etc.
— enhances the knowledge, skills and capacity of work of people
— promotes agriculture and agriculture related activities
— avoids the migration of rural people to cities
— provides essential amenities like electricity, irrigation, transport and communication
etc.
— establishes food processing centres and enhances the value of agricultural produce
— provides employment opportunities to SC, ST and OBC
— improves small scale and cottage industries
— provides all facilities that are available in urban areas
— provides equal benefits of development to rural people
— makes agriculture as a profitable and attractive occupation.

June 2018
Panchayat Raj institutions play major role in Rural Development. How?
Answer: i) Basic facilities to villages
ii) Encouragement to education and vocational training
iii) Expansion of health and hygiene facilities
iv) Development of Rural productive activities (agriculture, poultry, fishery)
v) Expansion of irrigation facilities
vi) Development of cottage industries
vii) Establishment of food processing units
viii) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
ix) Swarnajayanti Grama Swarojgar Yojana ( SGSY )
x) Housing programmes — Indira Awas Yojana, Ambedkar Walmiki Housing Programme

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xi) Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana

xii) Strengthening Public Distribution System
xiii) Social Welfare programmes
xiv) Organisation of Women self-help groups
xv) Encouragement to Rural cultural activities.

March 2019
1- Why was the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act enacted in 1993 ?
Answer: — To bring uniform Panchayat Raj Institutions.
— To decentralise the administration.

June 2019
1- How can women empowerment be achieved ?
Answer: Many laws have been enacted to curb violence against women.
Equal wages
Reservation of seats in election bodies.

March 2020
1- “Self help groups have increased the dignity and autonomy of women.” How ?
Answer: — To share meagre resources
— Obtain external support
— Undertake joint business
— Manage accounts and bank transactions
— Take up income generating activities
— Earn, spend and save at their willingness
— Loans and subsidies
— Alround development.

March 2020
1-What are the key features of Panchayat Raj system in India?
Answer: — Three tier structure of Panchayats
— Direct / periodic elections
— Reservation
— Provision of financial, administrative, budget, audit responsibilities
— Provision for executive / support staff
— Strict procedure for dissolution and formation of Panchayats.

September 2020
1-Mention the key features of Panchayati Raj system.
Answer: — A three-tier structure of Panchayat System
— Direct and periodic elections
— Reservation of seats
— Provision of financial and administrative responsibilities, budget and audit
— Provision for executive / support staff

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— A strict procedure for dissolution of Panchayat

July 2021
1-Gram Swarajya was the concept of
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru (B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(C) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (D) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: (D) Mahatma Gandhi

March 2022
1-The Constitutional Amendment that brought into existence the three levels of Panchayat
institutions is
(A) 24th (B) 42nd (C) 73rd (D) 92nd.
Answer: (C) 73rd

March 2022
1-Mention the housing programmes.
Answer: — Pradhan Mantri Awas
— Ambedkar-Valmiki
— Ashraya

2-Explain the features of Panchayat Raj system adopted in India.

Answer: — Three-tier structure
— Direct / periodic elections
— Reservation
— Budget, audit, financial / administrative responsibilities
— Executive / Support staff
— Strict procedure for dissolution and elections.

June 2022
1-Who said that “The true development of India is the development of its villages” ?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi

2-What are the key features of the Panchayat Raj System ?

Answer: — Three-tier structure of Panchayats
— Direct / periodic elections
— Reservation
— Provision for financial, administrative, budget, audit responsibilities
— Provision for Executive / Support staff
— Strict procedure for dissolution and formation of Panchayats.

March 2023
1-What is the main role of women self-help groups in rural area?
Answer: — Organizing poor rural women
— Making them financially independent

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— Avail of loans easily and engage in productive activities

— Mobilizing savings, repayment of loans
— Control exploitation of women and children
— Help to control child marriage, dowry, caste system
— Help to building a clean and progressive society.

June 2023
1-Mention the role of Panchayat Raj institutions in rural development.
Answer: Road development
Drains, drinking water
Streetlights, toilets
Schools, Hospitals
Market Yards-Basic Amenities
Primary, middle school education
Adult education, technical education
Vocational training programme
health, hygiene facilities
Agriculture, cattle-rearing
Poultry, fishery
Development of social forestry
Construction of ponds, lakes
De-silting of ponds
Maintenance of minor irrigation
Rural cottage industries can be improved.

March 2024
1-“The migration of rural people to cities can be avoided.” How?
Answer: — Providing education training health hygiene facilities
— Enhance their knowledge, skill and capability
— In addition to agriculture, cattle rearing, fishery, silk industry, poultry should be
promoted
— Agriculture can become a profitable attractive occupation.
— PURA Project.

ECONOMICS:3
PUBLIC FINANCE AND BUDGET

I- Fill in the blanks:

1. The government manages the public finance through ______________. (Fiscal policy)
2. In the budget, when the government’s revenue is more than its expenditure, it is called
___________. (Surplus Budget)
3. The person who presents the Central Government Budget in the Lok Sabha is
_____________. (Finance Minister)

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4. The revenue generated by the government through internal and external loans is
______________.(Capital)
5. GST Stands for ______________. (Goods & Service Tax)

II. Answer the following in one sentence each:

6.What is meant by Public Finance?

Answer: Income and expenditure of public authorities.

7.What do you mean by Budget?

Answer: The statement of estimated income and expenditure of a year.

8.Give the meaning of Deficit Budget.

Answer: The expenditure is more than the revenue

9.What are Direct Taxes?

Answer: The tax is paid by an individual on whom it is imposed. Ex: income tax , wealth tax
and stamp duty

10.Express fiscal deficit in the form of a formula.

Answer: Fiscal deficit = (Revenue receipts +Non-debt capital Receipts) - Total expenditure.

III. Answer the following in five-six sentences each:

11.Explain the differences between personal finance and public finance.

Answer:
Personal finance Public finance
• Personal or private finance relates income • Public finance relates to the income
and expenditure of one person or one and expenditure of the government.
family. • In public finance, the government
• In private finance, individuals calculate calculates its expenditure first and then
their income before hand and then spend it adjusts its income accordingly.
accordingly. • Public financial matters are discussed
• Personal financial transactions are kept in the legislative houses.
confidential. • When the government saves money,
• When an individual or a family saves growth is stunted. Hence governments
money, it will supplement their prosperity. always try to show more to show more
expenditure on developmental works.

12.Explain briefly the significance of public finance.

Answer: The government formulates methods to equitably distribute the country’s wealth.
It also calculates the labour and capital investment to maximise the production.
It also ensures a balanced growth in all spheres of the economy.
To eradicate the poverty and un employment.

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To regulate the financial upheavals and commodity prices.

To bring financial stability.

13.List the plan expenditure of the Central Government.

Answer: Under the Central Planned Expenditure, the government spends money on three
types of services and development. They are:
1. Financial services – Agriculture and agriculture-related activities, industry,
communication, fuel, science and technology, rural development etc.
2. Social services – Education, health, hygiene, family welfare, drinking water supply,
housing, social welfare etc.
3. General services – The expenditure incurred on maintenance of peace, law and order.
14. Explain the aspects of non-tax revenue of the Central government.
Answer: The source of non-tax revenue of central government includes.
The net profit earned by the Reserve bank of India.
The net profit generated by the Indian Railways.
The revenue generated by the department of Postal and Tele communications.
The revenue generated by the public sector industries.
The revenue generated by coins and mints.
Various types of fees and penalties.

15.What is fiscal deficit? Mention the four kinds of fiscal deficit.

Answer: In the budget, if the government’s expenditure is more than its revenue receipts
and non-debt capital receipts, it is called fiscal deficit.
The four kinds of fiscal deficit:
a) Budget deficit.
b) Revenue deficit.
c) Primary deficit.
d) Fiscal deficit.

March:2015
1-Explain the aspects of non-tax revenue of the Central Government.
Answer: i) The net profit earned by RBI
ii) The net profit generated by the Indian Railways
iii) The revenue generated by the Post & Telecommunications
iv) The revenue generated by the Public Sector Industries
v) The revenue generated by the coins and mints
vi) Various types of the fees and penalties etc.

June 2015
1-The statement of Estimated Income and Expenditure of the Government for a year is
public finance (B) public expenditure (C) planned expenditure (D) budget.
Answer: D — budget
2-Explain the difference between personal finance and public finance.
Answer:

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Personal Public
One family Government
Individuals Government
Kept confidential Public finance
Individuals save money Government.

March 2016
1-Who presents the Central Government budget in the Lok Sabha?
Answer: Central Finance Minister.

2- Mention the aspects of non-tax revenue of the central government.

Answer: i) The net profit earned by RBI ii) The net profit generated by the Indian Railways
iii) The revenue generated by the post and telecommunications iv) The revenue generated
by the public sector industries v) The revenue generated by the coins & mints vi) Various
types of the fees and penalties etc.

June 2016
1-What are Direct Taxes ?
Answer: Tax is paid by an individual on whom it is imposed.

2-Mention the aspects of Non-Tax Revenue of the Central Government.

Answer: i) Net profit earned by the RBI ii) Profit of Indian Railways iii) Profit of Post and
Telecommunications iv) Revenue of public sector industries v) Revenue from the coins and
mints vi) Fees and penalties etc.

March 2017
1-Mention the differences between Public finance and Private finance.
Answer:
Private Finance Public Finance
Related to the income & expenditure Related to the income and expenditure
of one person or family of the government
Calculate their income before hand Calculation of expenditure first and
and spend it accordingly adjusts income accordingly
Kept confidential Discussed in the legislative houses and
published though the media
Savings facilitates prosperity Savings leads to the underdevelopment.

June 2017
1-What is the duration of financial year in India?
Answer:1st of April to 31st March

2-Explain the importance of public finance.

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Answer: i) Management of public finance through Fiscal policies

ii) Progress of the nation
iii) Equitable distribution of natural wealth
iv) Maximum production
v) Equal distribution of income
vi) Welfare of the people
vii) Balanced development through enhancing public expenditure
viii) Eradication of poverty and unemployment poverty
ix) Financial stability.

March 2018
1-Direct tax among the following is
(A) Central Excise Duty (B) Personal Income Tax
(C) Service Tax (D) Foreign Travel Tax.
Answer: B — Personal Income Tax

2-Who presents the Central Budget in Lok Sabha ?

Answer: Finance Minister

June 2018
1- Indirect Tax among the following is
(A) Income Tax (B) Import-Export Tax (C) Wealth Tax (D) Corporate Tax.
Answer: B — Import-Export Tax

2- What is Budget?
Answer: The statement of estimated income and expenditure of a year prepared by the
Government.

March 2019
1- An example for direct tax is
(A) Value added tax
(B) Central excise duty
(C) Stamp duty
(D) Service tax
Answer: (C) — Stamp duty

2-What are the goals / objectives of public expenditure?

Answer: — Promote faster economic development
— Promote industry, trade and commerce
— Promote agriculture and rural development
— Promote balanced regional growth
— Build socio-economic overheads
— Promote full-employment
— Maximize social welfare.

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June 2019
1-Why did the Central Government introduce Goods and Service Tax?
Answer: Form of indirect taxes

2-How is government collecting its revenue other than the tax?

Answer: Profit earned by the Reserve Bank of India
Profit generated by the Indian Railway
Revenue generated by the public sector industries
Revenue generated by the coins and mints
Fees and penalties
Revenue generated by the Department of Postal and Telecommunication.

March 2020
1- The non-tax revenue collected by the government among the following is
(A) Goods and Services Tax (GST) (B) Various penalties
(C) Import-Export taxes (D) Stamp duty.
Answer: (B) — Various penalties

September 2020
1-The goals of Public Expenditure lead to an all-round development of the country.
Substantiate.
Answer: — Economic development
— Promote Industry, trade and commerce
— Agricultural and rural development
— Balanced regional growth
— Build socio-economic overheads
— Promote full-employment
— Maximize Social Welfare.

March 2023
1-What is deficit budget?
Answer: When the expenditure is more than the income.

2-Which are the main types of non-tax revenues collected by Central Government ?
Answer: — The net profit earned by the Reserve Bank of India
— The net profit generated by the Indian Railways
— The revenue generated by the Department of Post and Telecommunications
— The revenue generated by the Public Sector Industries
— The revenue generated by the Coins and Mints
— Various types of fees and penalties etc.

June 2023
1- The type of Budget placed mostly by developing countries is
(A) Constant Budget(B) Deficit Budget(c) Balanced Budget(D) Surplus Budget

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Answer: (B) Deficit Budget

2- What is direct tax?

Answer: The tax paid by an individual directly

3-Explain briefly the significances of public finance.

Answer: Priority to agriculture
Priority to the small scale industry
Helpful in budgeting
Helpful in the growth of the country
Use of natural resources
Increasing the production to maximum level
Equal distribution of wealth
Controlling public expenditure
Balancing the three, sectors of economy
Controlling prices
Solving unemployment.

March 2024
1- Explain the importance of public finance.
Answer: — Managed keeping in mind the progress of the Nation
— Equally distribute natural wealth, labour, capital investment
— Tries to maximize the production
— Ensure the equal distribution of the income
— Tries people to live comfortably
— Nation’s financial development
— Eradicate poverty unemployment
— Regulate financial upheavals
— Financial stability.
BUSINESS STUDIES:1
BANK TRANSACTIONS

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The word ‘Bank’ has been derived from the French word __________. (Banque)
2. The Banker’s Bank is ______________ . (Reserve bank of India)
3. An example for Nationalised bank is ______________ . (Canara bank)
4. The National saving certificates are issued by ______________. (Post offices)
5. The type of account where any number of transactions can be made with Bank is
______________ . (Current account)
6. The deposits for a fixed term can be deposited in ______________ account. (Term
deposit account)

I- Answer the following questions after discussion with your friends.

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7.What is a bank?
Answer: Bank is a institute which collects the deposits and lending the loan to consumers.

8.List out the characteristics relating to bank transactions.

Answer: 1) Dealing with Money
2)Individual/Firm/Company
3) Acceptance of Deposits
4) Lending Loans
5) Payment and Withdrawal
6) Agency and Utility Services
7) Profit and Service Orientation
8) Ever Increasing Functions
9) Connecting Link
10) Banking Business
11) Name Identity

9. What are the functions of a bank?

Answer: Accepting deposits from public.
Lending loans to public.
Transferring money from one place to another.
Discounting of bills.
Hiring safe deposit lockers.
Conducting foreign exchange transactions.

10.Explain the relation between the bank and its customers.

Answer: General relationship
Primary relationship
Subsidiary relationship
Agent and principal relationship.
Special relationship
Obligations to honour cheques
Obligations to maintain secrecy of accounts.

11. “The number of saving bank account holders is increasing” - Give reasons.
Answer: Opened by salaried persons or by the persons who have a fixed regular income.
It can be opened by the students, senior citizens, pensioners etc.
It helps to save money.
No restriction on the number and amount of deposits.
Money can be withdrawn either by cheque or through a withdrawal slip

12.What are the advantages of opening a bank account?

Answer: Helps in making payments.
Helps in collection of money.
Helps holders get loans.

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Helps in smooth financial transactions.

Helps holders to get safe deposit locker facility.
It facilitates safe custody of money.

March:2015
1- The mother of banks is
State Bank of India (B) Reserve Bank of India
(C) Co-operative Bank (D) Land Development Bank.
Answer: B — Reserve Bank of India

2-What are the differences between Savings Bank Account and Current Account?
Answer:
Savings A/c Current A/c
Salaried persons, students & Businessman, large number of
pensioners (who have a fixed income) transactions
No restrictions on the number and amount can be deposited or
deposits withdrawn any number of times in a
Used withdrawal slip or cheque day
bank will not give any interest on these
deposits and collects the service
charges.

June 2015
1-The National Savings Certificates are issued by
Central bank (B) Post Office (C) Co-operative Bank (D) Commercial Bank.
Answer: B — Post Office.

2-Explain the functions of a Bank.

Answer:  Accepting deposits
 Lending money
 Transferring money
 Discounting bills
 Keeping valuables in safe custody
 Conducting Government transaction
 Collecting money, cheques, drafts
 Conducting Foreign Exchange.

March 2016
1-Which bank is called as “BankersBank”?
Answer: Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

2-Mention the advantages of opening a bank account.

Answer: i) Facilitates a safe custody of money ii) Helps in making payments

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iii) Helps in collection of money iv) A/c holders may get advances and loans
v) Helps in smooth financial transactions vi) A/c holders may get safe deposit locker
facilities.

June 2016
1- A person has to regularly save money to purchase car. The type of account he has to
open in the bank is
(A) Savings Bank Account (B) Current Account
(C) Recurring Deposit Account (D) Term Deposit Account.
Answer: C — Recurring Deposit Account

2-What are the functions of a bank?

Answer: i) Accepting deposits ii) Lending loans iii) Transferring of money iv) Collecting
money by cheques, drafts and bills v) Discounting bills vi) Safe lockers vii) Conducting
foreign exchange transactions viii) Issuing letters of credit and guarantee ix) Conducting
government transactions.

March 2017
1-Ramu wants to save money for his daughter’s marriage in future. The type of Bank
account you suggest him to open is
(A) Savings Bank Account (B) Recurring Deposit Account
Current Account (D) Term Deposit Account.
Answer: B — Recurring Deposit Account

2-“Post offices are undertaking various financial transactions too.” Justify.

Answer: i) National Savings Certificates ii) Kisan Vikas Patra iii) Monthly Recurring deposits
iv) Postal life insurance v) Postal savings certificates vi) Pension payment vii) Money
transfer etc. are being undertaken by post offices.

June 2017
1-The type of bank account in which the deposited amount cannot be withdrawn before
the maturity of the term is (A) Savings Bank Account (B) Current Account
Recurring Deposit Account (D) Term Deposit Account.
Answer: (D) Term Deposit Account

2-What are the benefits we get by opening a bank account?

Answer: i) Facilitates a safe custody of money
ii) Helps in making payments
iii) Helps in collection of money
iv) Advances and loans
v) Helps in smooth financial transactions
vi) Safe deposit locker facilities.

March 2018

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1-The Bank Account that is best suitable for businessmen is

(A) Savings Bank Account (B) Current Account
(C) Recurring Deposit Account (D) Term Deposit Account.
Answer: B — Current Account

2-Why is Reserve Bank of India called ‘Mother of Banks’ ?

Answer: It controls all the banking transactions in India.

June 2018
1- Bankers’ bank is
(A) Vijaya Bank (B) Canara Bank (C) Reserve Bank of India (D) Corporation Bank.
Answer: C — Reserve Bank of India

2- What is the meaning of the French word ‘Banque’ ?

Answer: i) Bench
ii) Money exchange table.

March 2019
What are the functions of Reserve Bank of India ?
Answer: — Monopoly of Note issue
— Banker of Government
— Bankers’ Bank
— National Clearing House
— Controller of Credit
— Custodian of Foreign Exchange Reserves
— Promotion of Banking habits.

2-List out the advantages of opening a bank account.

Answer: — Facilitates safe custody of money
— Helps in making payments
— Helps in collection of money
— Helps to get advances and loans
— Helps in smooth financial transactions
— Helps to get safe deposit locker facility.

June 2019
1-What are the differences between Savings bank account and Current account?
Answer:
Savings Bank A/c Current A/c
Opened in banks by salaried and fixed Opened by large number of regular
regular income persons transactions opened by businessman and
entrepreneurs

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Opened by senior citizens / Persons Amount can be deposited or withdrawn any

number of times in a day
Save money Do not give any interest, collects the service
charges
Interest
Money can be withdrawn by cheques.

March 2020
1-Mention the financial services provided by the post offices.
Answer: — Post Office Savings Bank
— Issue of National Savings Certificates
— Kissan Vikas Patra
— Monthly Recurring Deposits
— Postal Life Insurance
— Pension payment
— Money Transfer
— Postal Banking.

September: 2020
1-Name the different types of Bank Accounts.
Answer: — Savings Bank Account
— Current Account
— Recurring Deposit Account
— Term or Fixed Deposit Account.

July 2021
1-The Banker’s Bank is
(A) NABARD (B) Apex Bank
(C) Reserve Bank (D) IDBI
Answer: (C) Reserve Bank

March 2022
1-The type of bank account where any number of transactions can be made in a day is
(A) Savings Bank Account (B) Current Account
(C) Recurring Deposit Account (D) Term Deposit Account.
Answer: (B) Current Account

2-What are the functions of banks?

Answer: — Accepting deposits
— Loans
— Money transfer
— Collecting cheques, drafts, bills
— Discounting of bills

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— Safe deposit lockers

— Foreign Exchange
— Safe custody of valuables
— Letters of credit and guarantee
— Government transactions.

June 2022
1- Which are the types of Bank Account?
Answer: — Savings Bank Account
— Current Account
— Recurring Deposit Account
— Term / Fixed Deposit Account.

2-Mention the functions of bank.

Answer: — Accepting deposits
— Lending loans
— Transferring money
— Collecting money on cheques, drafts and bills
— Discounting of bills
— Hiring safe deposit lockers
— Conducting foreign exchange transactions
— Keeping valuable in safe custody
— Issuing letters of credit and guarantee
— Conducting Government transactions.

March 2023
1-Banks collect service charges from which type of bank accounts?
Answer: Current Account.

2-Banks provide a lot of services to its consumers. Explain.

Answer: — Credit cards
— Personal loans
— Home and Vehicle loans
— Mutual funds
— Business loans
— Safe Deposit lockers
— Debit cards
— Trust services
— Signature guarantees.

June 2023
1- The service received by the people from banks to safeguard their jewelleries and
valuables, is
(A) Savings Bank Account service (B) Safe deposit Locker service

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(C) Term deposit service (D) Current Account service

Answer: (B) Safe deposit Locker service
2- Which department issues the National Savings Certificates?
Answer: Post offices.

3-What are the steps followed to open a bank account ?

Answer: Decide the type of account
Approach the bank officer
Fill up the proposal form
Give reference-Adhaar, PAN other ID cards
Submit to the banks
The officer will verify the form
Initial deposit.

March 2024
1- How do the post offices help to save the money?
Answer: — National Saving Certificate
— Postal Saving bank
— Kissan Vikas Patra
— Monthly Recurring Deposits
— Postal Life Insurance
— Pension Payment
— Money transfer

2- How do the banks serve the customers?

Answer: — Credit Cards
— Personal loans
— Home / Vehicle loans
— Mutual funds
— Business loans
— Safe deposit lockers
— Debit Cards
— Trust Services
— Signature Guarantee

BUSINESS STUDIES:2
ENTREPRENEURSHIP

I- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The word entrepreneur has come from the French word ________ . (Entreprende)
2. The process of action an entrepreneur undertakes to establish an entreprise is called
____________ . (Entrepreneurship)
3. District Industrial Centres were started in the year _________ (1978)

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II. Discuss the following questions in group and then answer.

4.Who is an entrepreneur?
Answer: An innovator of new ideas in business

5.“Entrepreneurship is a creative activity”. How?

Answer: It is the ability to create and build something.
It is a knack of sensing the opportunity where others see chaos.
It is a mind to seek opportunities.
He derives benefits by setting up a venture.
It is an innovative activity.

6.What are the characteristics of Entrepreneurship?

Answer: Creativity.
Innovation.
Dynamism.
Leadership.
Team building.
Problem solving.
Risk taking.
Decision making.
Commitment.
Self Confidence.

7.Explain the importance of an entrepreneur.

Answer: Stimulates the economic progress.
Mobilize the savings of the public.
Create employment opportunities.
Promote countries export.
Introduces new methods.
Increases the National income.
Expand domestic market.
Introduce new products to markets.

8.What is the part played by the District centres in the development of Enterprises?
Answer: Promotion of new industrial estates.
Allotment of raw materials.
Financial assistance under self-employment schemes.
Technical support for project report.

March:2015
1-Which organisations should a person contact for advices to start his self-employment?
Answer: i) Advertising agencies, marketing consultancy
ii) Industrial consultancy, equipment rental and leasing

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iii) Photocopying centres

iv) Industrial Research & development.

March 2016
1-Why were the District Industrial Centres established?
Answer: i) To establish industries in rural area.
ii) To provide integrated administrative support for promotion of small scale industries in
rural areas.

June 2016
1-An Entrepreneur is a wealth of the country. How ?
Answer: He creates and builds something. / He increases production by inventing new
methods.

March 2017
1-‘Entrepreneurship is a creative activity.’ Why?
Answer: i) Creating and building something with nothing ii) Knack of sensing of an
opportunity iii) An act of turning an opportunity into an action iv) Derive benefits from
opportunities.

June2017
What is the main purpose of establishing ‘District Industrial Centres’ by the Government?
Answer: i) To establish industries in rural areas.
ii) To provide integrated administrative support for promotion of small scale industries in
rural areas.

March 2018
1-What are the characteristics of an entrepreneur?
Answer: — Creativity
— Dynamism
— Team building
— Problem solving
— Risk taking
— Commitment
— Innovation
— Leadership
— Achievement motivation
— Goal orientation
— Decision making.

June 2018
1-List out the characteristics of entrepreneurs.
Answer: i) Creativity
ii) Dynamism

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iii) Team building

iv) Problem solving
v) Risk taking
vi) Commitment
vii) Innovation
viii) Leadership
ix) Achievement motivation
x) Goal Orientation
xi) Decision making.

March 2019
1-List out the functions of an entrepreneur.
Answer: — Prepares various plans for business
— Organises factors of production
— Takes decisions
— Co-ordinates things effectively
— Introduces new methods
— Handles budget of his concern
— Bears risks and uncertainty
— Gives directions.

March 2020
1-List out the main functions of an entrepreneur.
Answer: — Plans business activities
— Organises factors of production
— Takes decisions about product, technology, marketing, employment etc.
— Co-ordinates things
— Introduces new methods
— Handles budget
— Bears risk
— Gives directions to the business firms.

September 2020
1-How does an Entrepreneur help in economic development of a country?
Answer: — Promotes capital formation
— Provides large scale employment
— Increases GDP
— Increases per capita income
— Brings new products and services
— Enables to avail better quality goods at lower prices
— Promotes development of industries
— Reduces concentration of wealth
— Promotes export trade
— Changing technology.

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March 2022
1-What are the entrepreneur’s role in the economic development ?
Answer: — Capital formation
— Employment
— Increasing GDP / Per Capita Income
— Market development
— Improvement of Standard of living
— Development of industries
— Promotes exports
— Changing technology / innovations.

June 2022
1-Mention the characteristics of an entrepreneur.
Answer: — Creativity
— Innovation
— Leadership
— Self confidence
— Goal orientation
— Team building
— Achievement motivation
— Problem solving
— Dynamism
— Risk taking
— Decision making.

March 2023
1-Mention the characteristics of an entrepreneur.
Answer: — Creativity
— Dynamism
— Team building
— Problem solving
— Risk taking
— Commitment
— Innovation
— Leadership
— Achievement motivation
— Goal orientation
— Decision making.

June 2023
1- Entrepreneurship' is a creative activity. How ?
Answer: Ability to create and build something
* Knack of sensing the opportunity
* Contradiction

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* Attitude of seeking opportunity

Take calculated risks
Derive setting up of benefits
Organised, and purposeful.

March 2024
1- Which characteristics should a person possess to become an entrepreneur?
Answer: — Creativity
— Dynamism
— Team building
— Problem solving
— Risk taking
— Commitment
— Innovation
— Leadership
— Achievement motivation
— Goal orientation
— Decision making.

BUSINESS STUDIES:3
CONSUMER EDUCATION AND PROTECTION

Fill in the blanks with suitable answers:

1. The other name of the Consumer is ..................... (the king of market)

2. Person giving goods or services for money is called .................. (Consumer)
3. The Consumer Day is observed on .................every year. (March 15)
4. In the case of compensation exceeding 5.00 lakhs, the complaint has to be submitted to
the .............................. (District Forum)

II. Answer the following questions in one word or sentence each:

5.Who is called a consumer?

Answer: A person who buys goods or hires or avails services for a consideration called
price of Wages.

6.What is the main aim of Consumer Movement?

Answer: Protection of consumer rights is the main aim of consumer.

7.What is the Right of every Consumer?

Answer: The right of every consumer is getting quality goods and services.

8.When did Consumer Protection Act come into force in India?

Answer: In India consumer protection act came into force in 1986.

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9.Who appoints the President of the District Consumer Forum?

Answer: State Government points the president of the district consumer forum.

III. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each:

10.What are the problems faced by consumers?

Answer: The problems faced by consumers are.
Adulteration of goods.
Hike in price.
loss in weight
Low quality goods.

11.What are the causes for consumer exploitation?

Answer: Interference of middle men.
Trade malpractices in market,
Ambition of profiteering.

12.Mention the four important aims of the Consumer Protection Council.

Answer: Safety and quality of goods.
Avoiding production and sale of dangerous goods.
Prevention of Trade Malpractices in the market.
Supervision on Quality, Weights, Measures and Price.
Creating awareness to the consumers

13.What are the major functions of the Consumer Protection Council?

Answer: 1. The Consumer Movements were started by a few people who suffered on
account of continuous exploitation by the traders
2. Such movements brought pressure on the government and alerted it to formulate new
acts to safeguard the interests of the consumers.
3. In the last five decades, more than 30 Acts have been implemented.
4. E.g. Essential Commodities Act, Weights and Measures Act, Act against Adulteration of
Food Articles etc., the Government of India Act 1986 is a significant step in this direction.

14. Mention three stages of Consumer Courts.

Answer: 1. District Forum.
2. State Commission.
3. National Commission

15. What are the methods to follow to file a complaint in consumer court?
Answer: A handwritten application should submit to the court.
It should be clear with address phone number.
The particular of the goods by which the losses incurred and the amount of loss should be.
specified clearly.
The bill/receipts should be enclosed.

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There is no need of lawyers.

The consumer himself or herself can argue.

March 2019
1- A person has bought a car of worth Rs. 15 lakhs is now facing some problems in it, but
the car company is not responding to him. To which agency can the person complain?
(A) District Consumer Forum (B) The State Consumer Commission
(C) The National Consumer Commission (D) Inter-State Consumer Forum
Answer: (A) — District Consumer Forum

2- When is the ‘World Consumers’ Day’ celebrated ?

Answer: 15th March every year

June 2019
1-Teleshopping means
(A) Trading from home itself
(B) Trading at international level
(C) Domestic trade
(D) Retail trading.
Answer: (A) — Trading from home itself

2-Why is it necessary to protect the consumers in the recent days ?

Answer: To protect the consumer from exploitation.

March 2020
1- Why is March 15, 1962 an important day in the history of World Consumers’
movement?
Answer: U.S. President John F. Kennedy adopted a legislation comprising of four rights.

September 2020
1-Why is March 15th of every year observed as World Consumer Rights Day?
Answer: On that day, John F. Kennedy gave the American Consumer four basic rights.

July 2021
1-15th March is observed every year as ‘World Consumers Day’ because
(A) John F. Kennedy accepted the Consumer rights on this day
(B) England declared the Consumer rights on this day
(C) UN declared Consumer rights on 15th March
(D) Consumer Education was started on this day
Answer: (A) John F. Kennedy accepted the Consumer rights on this day

2-The Consumer Protection Act was passed in India in the year

(A) 1966 (B) 1976
(C) 1986 (D) 1996

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Answer: (C) 1986.

March 2022
1-What are the objectives of Consumer Protection Act?
Answer: — Safety / quality
— Avoiding production / Sale of dangerous goods
— Preventing malpractices in the market
— Quality, weights, measures, price, supervision
— Compensating the consumers
— Consumer Education.

June 2022
1-In India, the Consumer Protection Act came into force in the year
(A) 1962 (B) 1968
(C) 1976 (D) 1986.
Answer: (D) 1986

2-Why is March 15, 1962 an important day in the history of World Consumers’ movement?
Answer: John F. Kenney — the right to safety, the right to information, the right to choose
and the right to be heard.

March 2023
1-Rajesh purchased a TV worth Rs. Twenty-five Thousand. It broke down within two days.
The TV company did not consider his complaint. He has to file a case in a
(A) District Consumer Forum
(B) The State Consumer Commission
(C) The National Consumer Commission
(D) Taluk Consumer Forum
Answer: (A) District Consumer Forum

2-What are the main objectives of Consumer Protection Act?

Answer: — Importance for safety and quality
— Avoiding production and sale of dangerous goods
— Prevention of trade malpractices
— Supervision on quality, weights
— Supervision on price
— Compensating the consumers in case of any problem
arising as a result of trade
— Creating awareness to the consumers through
Consumer Education.

June 2023
1-What are the objectives of Consumer Protection Act ?
Answer: Importance for safety, quality

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Avoiding sale of dangerous goods

Prevention of trade malpractices
Supervision on quality
Supervision on weight, measures and price
Compensating the consumers -Awareness to the consumers -Give the consumers
education.

March:2024
1- Every year ‘World Consumers Day’ is celebrated on
(A) March 15
(B) December 10
(C) July 11
(D) June 5
Ans: (A) March 15

2-“Teleshopping has become more popular nowadays.” Why?

Answer: Information technology development — getting things delivered to the spot.

MAP
March:2015
1- Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
82 ½ o E longitude b) Nagarjunasagar project c) Hatti Gold Mines.

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June 2105
1- Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
82 ½ o East longitude b) Damodar River Valley c) Bombay High.

March 2016
1- Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
a) 82 ½ o East longitude b) River Narmada c) Coromandel Coast.

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June 2016
Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
a) 82 ½ o East Longitude b) Bhakra Nangal c) Narmada Valley Project.

March 2017
1-Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
Bombay High b) Konkan Coast c) Bengaluru.

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June 2017
1- Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
23 ½ oN. Latitude b) Utkal Coast c) Tungabhadra Project.

March 2018
Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
23 ½ o N Latitude b) Nagarjuna Sagar Project c) Bhadravati.

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June 2018
Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
23 ½ oN Latitude b) Nagarjuna Sagar Project c) Kochi.

March 2019
Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
a) Indira Col b) River Kaveri c) Delhi.

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June 2019
1- Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
Kandla b) Digboi c) Kanyakumari.

March 2020
1-Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
23 ½ 0 North Latitude b) Govinda Sagar c) Mumbai High d) Tuticorin.

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September 2020
Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
82 ½ oEast Longitude b) River Narmada c) Bhakra Nangal Project d) Mumbai High.

March 2022
1- Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
a) 23 ½ 0 North Latitude North Latitude (b) Bhakra-Nangal (c) River Kaveri (d) Mumbai.

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June 2022
1-Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
82 ½ oE. Longitude b) River Narmada c) New Mangaluru Port d) Bhakra-Nangal project.

March 2023
1-Draw an outline map of India and mark the following :
82 ½ 0 East longitude b) Kochi c) Vishakhapatnam d) Koyna.

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June 2023
1- VI. Draw an outline map of India and mark the following:
(a)Damodar Valley (b) Bhadravathi (c) Kandla (d) Bangalore.

March 2024

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wars Treaties
1 - Ended first Carnatic war -Aix-la-chapelle
2 - Ended 2nd Carnatic war -Pondicherry treaty
3 - Ended 3rd Carnatic war -Paris treaty
4 - Ended 1st Anglo- Maratha war -Salbai Treaty
5 - 1 st Anglo- Mysore war ended -Madras Treaty
6 - Ended 2nd Anglo-Mysore war -Manglore Treaty
7 - Ended 3rd Anglo-Mysore war -Srirangapatna Treaty

wars Reasons
st
1 Anglo-Maratha war Internal war for the post of Peshwa
2nd Anglo-Maratha war Conflic between the Maratha chieftains
3rd Anglo-Maratha war Maratha families tried to protect their indepence
1st Anglo-Mysore War Hyder Ali attacked on Arcot
2nd Anglo-Mysore The British captured Mahe
3rd Anglo-Mysore Political problems of Travancore
4th Anglo-Mysore war Tippu refused Subsidiary Alliance
1857 Revolt A rumour spread that the bullets and guns were in the fat of Pig
and Cow.
1st World war The murder of Arche Duke Francis Ferdinand princess of Austria
2nd World war Russia attacked on Poland

Articles
Article-17 Prohibits of Untouchability
Article 19 Right speak and right to express
Article 21 Living is a fundamental right
Article -24 Prohibition of Child labour
Article 51 International peace and co-existence
Amendment 73 Uniform system of Panchayat
Article 371 Eradication of regional imbalance
Article 371 J Eradication of regional imbalance in Karnataka

Policies Introduced Year

Dual Government Robert Clive 1765
Subsidiary Alliance Lord Wellesley 1798
Doctrine of Lapse Dalhousie 1848
Permanent Zamindar system Lord Cornwallis 1793
Mahalwari System R.M. Bird and James
Thompson
Ryotwari System Alexander Reed 1792

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Organisation Head quarter

UNO New yark
International court of justice Heague in
Netherland
Food and Agriculture Organization Rome
WHO, ILO, WTO Geneva
UNESCO Paris
I.M.F. (International Monetary Fund) Washington
I.B.R.D. (International Bank of Reconstruction and Washington
Development)
SAARC Katmandu

Digital social science YouTube channel

lesson wise explanation

Questions and answers
Quiz

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