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Meeting 2 - Indefinite Integral and Simple Power Formula

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Romano Gabrillo
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28 views24 pages

Meeting 2 - Indefinite Integral and Simple Power Formula

Uploaded by

Romano Gabrillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Meeting 2

Indefinite Integrals
and Simple Power Formula
Prepared by:
Engr. Romano A. Gabrillo
Program Chair, Manufacturing Engineering
Topics to be discussed:

I. Integration Concepts/ Formulas


A. Indefinite Integrals
B. Simple Power Formula
At the end of the period, you must be able to:

a) Define indefinite integral.


b) Apply the properties of indefinite integrals in integration.
c) Apply the general power rule in integration.
What is Integral Calculus?
• A branch of mathematics concerned with the theory and applications
(as in the determination of lengths, areas, and volumes and in the
solution of differential equations) of integrals and integration.
• Integration is the reverse of differentiation through the Fundamental
Theorem of Calculus.
Application of Integral Calculus
• 1. Physics and Engineering
• 2. Biology and Medicine
• 3. Economics and Finance
• 4. Environmental Science
• 5. Statistics and Probability
• 6. Computer Science
• 7. Geometry and Trigonometry
Practical Examples
• Area Under a Curve:
• Volume of a Solid of Revolution:
• Work Done by a Variable Force:
• Future Value of an Investment:
What is Indefinite Integral?

• Indefinite Integrals are the integrals that can be calculated by the


reverse process of differentiation and are referred to as
the antiderivatives of functions.

• For a function f(x), if the derivative is represented by f'(x), the


integration of the resultant f'(x) gives back the initial function f(x). This
process of integration can be defined as definite integrals.
If d/dx f(x) = f'(x) then ∫ f'(x) dx = f(x) + C

Here, C is the constant of integration, and here is an


example of why we need to add it after the value of
every indefinite integral.
Example: Let f(x) = x2 and by power rule, f '(x) = 2x. Then
the integral of f '(x) is, x2 + C, because by differentiating not
only just x2 but also the functions such as x2 + 2, x2 - 1, etc
gives 2x. The indefinite integral is techinically defined as
shown below.
In the above definition:
f(x) is called as the integrand
dx means that the variable of integration is x
F(x) is the value of the indefinite integral
i.e., the indefinite integral of a function f(x) is F(x) + C where, the derivative
of F(x) is the original function f(x).

= integral sign
Important Formulas of Indefinite Integrals
Listed below are some of the important formulas of
indefinite integrals.
• ∫ xn dx = xn + 1/ (n + 1) + C
• ∫ 1 dx = x + C
• ∫ ex dx = ex + C
• ∫1/x dx = ln |x| + C
• ∫ ax dx = ax / ln a + C
• ∫ cos x dx = sin x + C
• ∫ sin x dx = -cos x + C
• ∫ sec2x dx = tan x + C
Calculate Indefinite Integral
The process of calculating indefinite
integral depends on the given function. Here are the
steps to calculate the indefinite integrals of different
types of functions:

•Easy indefinite integrals can be solved by using


direct integration formulas.

•Rational functions can be solved using the partial


fractions method. i.e., we split the integrand using the
partial fractions and then integrate each fraction
separately.
• Some indefinite integrals can be solved by the substitution
method.

• If the integrand is a product then it can be solved by


using integration by parts.
3
Example:
The volume of water in a tank is V cubic meters when
the depth of water is h meters. The rate of change of V
with respect to h is 𝜋(4ℎ2 +12h +9), find the volume of
water in the tank when the depth is 3m.
117π
Seatwork 1:

Evaluate the following Indefinite Integrals.

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