TEA1716T
TEA1716T
1. General description
The TEA1716 integrates a Power Factor Corrector (PFC) controller and a controller for a
Half-Bridge resonant Converter (HBC) in a multi-chip IC. It provides the drive function for
the discrete MOSFET in an up-converter and for the two discrete power MOSFETs in a
resonant half-bridge configuration.
The HBC module is a high-voltage controller for a zero-voltage switching LLC resonant
converter. It contains a high-voltage level shift circuit and several protection circuits
including OCP, open-loop protection, capacitive mode protection and a general purpose
latched protection input.
The topology of a PFC circuit and a resonant converter controlled by the TEA1716 is very
flexible. It enables the device to be used in a broad range of applications with a wide
mains voltage range. Combining PFC and HBC controllers in a single IC makes the
TEA1716 ideal for controlling power supplies in LCD and plasma televisions.
Highly efficient and reliable power supplies providing from 90 W to 500 W can be
designed easily using the TEA1716, with a minimum of external components.
The integrated burst mode and power management functionality of TEA1716 enable
resonant applications that meet the Energy Using Product Directive (EuP) lot 6 (< 0.5 W in
standby mode).
NXP Semiconductors TEA1716T
Resonant power supply control IC with PFC
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
3. Applications
LCD television
Plasma television
Notebook adapter
Desktop and all-in-one PCs
4. Ordering information
Table 1. Ordering information
Type number Package
Name Description Version
TEA1716T SO24 plastic small outline package; 24 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT137-1
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
5. Block diagram
2 24 12 6 9
SNSMAINS
14
+1.15 V SUPHS
MAINS RESET,
UNDERVOLTAGE High-side driver
+10.9 V
SENSING SERIES
AND CLAMP STABILIZER AND LEVEL 13
GATEHS
SUPREG SENSING SHIFTER
+10.3 V
MAINS 15
HB
COMPENSATION HV START-UP SUPPLY SWITCH Low-side driver
SOURCE CONTROL CONTROL SUPREG
10
ON-TIMER GATELS
OFF-TIME LIMIT
FREQUENCY LIMIT ADAPTIVE
HV START-UP INTERNAL 8
NON-OVERLAP PGND
SELECTION SUPPLIES
+20 V SENSING
Error
amplifier
and clamp BOOST
1 +2.5 V COMPENSATION
COMPPFC SUPIC
+22/17 V CAPACITIVE
START AND
MODE
PFC driver +15 V UNDERVOLTAGE
SENSING
SUPREG SUPPLY MODULE SENSING
17
7 PFC SNSCURHBC
GATEPFC
CONTROL
+0.5 V OVERCURRENT
SOFT START 21
SENSING +3.0 V SNSFB
RESET HBC CONTROLLER
6.4 V
OPEN-LOOP FEEDBACK
8.2 V
PROTECTION FREQUENCY SENSING INPUT
23 4.1 V
RCPROT AND RESTART CONTROL
TIMER
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
6. Pinning information
6.1 Pinning
COMPPFC 1 24 SNSBOOST
SNSMAINS 2 23 RCPROT
SNSAUXPFC 3 22 SSHBC/EN
SNSCURPFC 4 21 SNSFB
SNSOUT 5 20 SNSBURST
SUPIC 6 19 CFMIN
TEA1716T
GATEPFC 7 18 SGND
PGND 8 17 SNSCURHBC
SUPREG 9 16 n.c.
GATELS 10 15 HB
n.c. 11 14 SUPHS
SUPHV 12 13 GATEHS
aaa-000765
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
7. Functional description
• Supply module:
Supply management for the IC; includes the restart and (latched) shut-down states
• Protection and restart timer:
Externally adjustable timer used for delayed protection and restart timing
• Enable input:
Control input for enabling and disabling the controllers; very low current consumption
when disabled
• PFC controller:
Controls and protects the power factor converter; generates a 400 V (DC) boost
voltage from the rectified AC mains input with a high-power factor
• HBC controller:
Controls and protects the resonant converter; generates a regulated (mains isolated)
output voltage from the 400 V (DC) boost voltage
Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the TEA1716. A typical application is illustrated in
Figure 17.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
The IC starts operating when the voltage on SUPIC reaches the start level, if the voltage
on SUPREG has also reached the start level. The start level depends on the condition of
the SUPHV pin:
The IC stops operating when VSUPIC drops below Vuvp(SUPIC). This is the SUPIC
UnderVoltage Protection (UVP) voltage (UVP-SUPIC; see Section 7.9). The PFC
controller stops switching immediately, but the HBC controller continues operating until
the low-side MOSFET becomes active.
The current consumption depends on the state of the IC. The TEA1716 operating states
are described in Section 7.3.
• Disabled IC state
When the IC is disabled via the SSHBC/EN pin, the current consumption is very low
(Idism(SUPIC)).
• SUPIC charge, SUPREG charge, Thermal hold, Restart and Protection shut-down
states
Only a small section of the IC is active while CSUPIC and CSUPREG are charging during
a restart sequence before start-up or during shutdown after a protection function has
been activated. The PFC and HBC controllers are disabled. Current consumption is
limited to Iprotm(SUPIC).
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Pin SUPIC has a low short-circuit detection voltage (Vscp(SUPIC); 0.65 V typical). The
current dissipated in the HV start-up source is limited while VSUPIC < Vscp(SUPIC)
(see Section 7.2.4).
The SUPREG series stabilizer is enabled after CSUPIC has been fully charged. This
ensures that any optional external circuitry connected to SUPREG does not dissipate any
of the start-up current.
The voltage on SUPREG must reach Vstart(SUPREG) (and the voltage on SUPIC must reach
the start level) before the IC starts operating to ensure that the external MOSFETs receive
sufficient gate drive current.
• The IC stops operating to prevent unreliable switching because the gate driver voltage
is too low. The PFC controller stops switching immediately, but the HBC controller
continues until the low-side stroke is active.
• The maximum current from the internal SUPREG series stabilizer is reduced to
Ich(red)(SUPREG) (5.4 mA typical). This reduces the dissipation in the series stabilizer in
the event of an overload at SUPREG while SUPIC is supplied from an external DC
source.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Short-circuit protection on pin SUPIC (SCP-SUPIC; see Section 7.9) limits the dissipation
in the HV start-up source when SUPIC is shorted to ground. It limits the current on
SUPHV (to Ired(SUPHV)) as long as the voltage on SUPIC is below Vscp(SUPIC).
Under normal operating conditions, the voltage on pin SUPIC exceeds Vscp(SUPIC) very
quickly after start-up and the HV start-up source switches to the nominal current
Inom(SUPHV).
During start-up and restart, the HV start-up source charges CSUPIC and regulates the
voltage on SUPIC by hysteretic control. So the start level has a small degree of hysteresis
Vstart(hys)(SUPIC). The HV start-up source switches off when VSUPIC exceeds the start level
Vstart(hvd)(SUPIC). Current consumption through pin SUPHV is low (Itko(SUPHV)).
Once start-up is complete and the HBC controller is operating, SUPIC can be supplied
from the auxiliary winding of the HBC transformer. In this operational state, the HV
start-up source is disabled.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
START
UVP supplies = yes
NO SUPPLY
-All off
enable PFC = no UVP supplies = no
DISABLED lC
exit condition
BOOST CHARGE
OPERATIONAL SUPPLY
-Series stabilizer on
-PFC on
-HBC on
BURST STOP
-Series stabilizer on
UVP SUPREG = yes UVP SUPIC = yes OTP = yes Burst stop = no
aaa-000766
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Figure 4 illustrates the internal functionality. When a voltage is present on pin SUPHV or
on pin SUPIC, a current Ipu(EN) (42 A typical) flows out of SSHBC/EN. If the pin is not
pulled-down, this current lifts the voltage up to Vpu(EN) (3 V typical). Since this voltage is
above both Ven(PFC)(EN) (1.2 V typical) and Ven(IC)(EN) (2.2 V typical), the IC is completely
enabled.
The IC can be completely disabled by pulling the voltage on SSHBC/EN down below both
Ven(PFC)(EN) and Ven(IC)(EN) via an optocoupler driven from the secondary side of the HBC
transformer (see Figure 4). The PFC controller stops switching immediately, but the HBC
controller continues switching until the low-side stroke is active. It is also possible to
control the voltage on SSHBC/EN from another circuit on the secondary side via a diode.
The external pull-down current must be larger than the internal soft start charge current
Iss(hf)(SSHBC).
If the voltage on SSHBC/EN is pulled down below Ven(IC)(EN), but not below Ven(PFC)(EN),
only the HBC is disabled. This feature can be useful when another power converter is
connected to the boost voltage of the PFC.
The low-side power switch of the HBC is on when the HBC is disabled via the SSHBC/EN
pin.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Enable detection
lpu(EN)
Vpu(EN)
Enable supply
signal (0 to > 2 V)
SSHBC/EN
Ven(PFC)(EN)
EnableIcPfc
To soft start
circuit TEA1716
aaa-000769
7.5 IC protection
• Restart
When the TEA1716 enters the Restart state, the PFC and HBC controllers are
switched off. After a period, defined by the Restart timer, the IC automatically restarts
following the normal start-up cycle.
• Protection shut-down
When the TEA1716 enters the Protection shut-down state, the PFC and HBC
controllers are switched off. The Protection shut-down state is latched, so the IC does
not start up again automatically. It can be restarted by resetting the Protection
shut-down state in one of the following ways:
– by lowering VSUPIC and VSUPHV below their respective reset levels, Vrst(SUPIC) and
Vrst(SUPHV)
– via a fast shut-down reset (see Section 7.5.3).
– via the enable pin (see Section 7.4)
• Thermal hold
In the Thermal hold state, the PFC and HBC controllers are switched off. The Thermal
hold state remains active until the IC junction temperature drops to about 10 C below
Totp (see Section 7.5.6).
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Ich(slow)(RCPROT)
IRCPROT 0
Vu(RCPROT)
VRCPROT
passed
Protection time
t
014aaa853
Figure 5 shows the operation of the protection timer. When an error condition occurs, a
fixed current Ich(slow)(RCPROT) (100 A typical) flows out of the RCPROT pin and charges
Cprot. Rprot causes the voltage to rise exponentially. The protection time has elapsed when
the voltage on RCPROT reaches the upper switching level Vu(RCPROT) (4 V typical). At this
instant, the appropriate protective action is taken and Cprot is discharged.
If the error condition is removed before the voltage on RCPROT reaches Vu(RCPROT), Cprot
is discharged via Rprot and no action is taken.
The voltage on RCPROT can be raised above Vu(RCPROT) by an external circuit to force a
restart.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
yes
Restart request
no
Vu(RCPROT)
VRCPROT
Vl(RCPROT)
0
passed
Restart time
t
014aaa854
Figure 6 shows the operation of the restart timer. Normally Cprot is discharged to 0 V.
When a restart is requested, Cprot is quickly charged to the upper switching level
Vu(RCPROT). Then the RCPROT pin becomes high ohmic and Cprot discharges through
Rprot. The restart time has elapsed when VRCPROT reaches the lower switching level
Vl(RCPROT) (0.5 V typical). The IC then restarts and Cprot is discharged.
Fast shut-down reset facilitates a faster reset. When the mains supply is interrupted, the
voltage on pin SNSMAINS drops. When VSNSMAINS falls below Vrst(SNSMAINS) and then
rises again by a hysteresis value, the IC leaves the Protection shut-down state. The boost
capacitor Cboost does not have to be discharged to initiate a new start-up.
The Protection shut-down state can also be ended by pulling down the enable input (pin
SSHBC/EN).
start-up. Under normal conditions, the output voltage is present before the protection time
is expired and no protective action is taken. However, the Restart state is activated if the
FSP output event is still active when the protection time has expired.
The voltage on pin SNSBURST defines the transition from Operational supply state
(= burst-on period) to Burst stop state (= burst-off period) and back).
The voltage on pin SNSFB represents the level of power that is converted. The voltage on
pin SNSBURST can be related to SNSFB using an external resistor divider. Pin
SNSBURST has an internal switching level Vburst(SNSBURST) (3.5 V typical) and a fixed
hysteresis Vburst(hys)(SNSBURST) (24 mV typical). In addition, a switched current flowing into
pin SNSBURST, Iburst(hys)(SNSBURST) (3 A typical) and the resistance of the external
divider determines the effective hysteresis. The current flows when SNSBURST is below
Vburst(SNSBURST).
The operation of the PFC and HBC controller is suspended when the voltage on
SNSBURST drops below Vburst(SNSBURST). The PFC continues as long as the Boost
voltage is still below the regulation level. Then it stops with a soft stop. The HBC stops
almost directly when the GateLs becomes active. The Burst stop state is entered when
both PFC and HBC have stopped switching. In the Burst stop state, the current
consumption of the IC is low and pin SNSOUT is pulled low. This SNSOUT signal can be
used for additional functionality in the application.
Burst mode operation is not enabled until pin SNSOUT has reached the Vfsp(SNSOUT) level
once to avoid unwanted activation of the burst mode during start-up.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
The PFC controller uses valley switching to minimize losses. A primary stroke is only
started once the previous secondary stroke has ended and the voltage across the PFC
MOSFET has reached a minimum value.
• The error amplifier and the loop compensation via the voltage on pin COMPPFC
At Vton(COMPPFC)zero (3.5 V typical), the on-time is reduced to zero. At Vton(COMPPFC)max
the on-time is at a maximum
• Mains compensation via the voltage on pin SNSMAINS
7.7.2.1 PFC error amplifier (pins COMPPFC and SNSBOOST)
The boost voltage is divided via a high-ohmic resistive divider. It is fed to the SNSBOOST
pin. The transconductance error amplifier, which compares the SNSBOOST voltage with
an accurate trimmed reference voltage Vreg(SNSBOOST), is connected to this pin. The
external loop compensation network at the COMPPFC pin filters the output current. In a
typical application, a resistor and two capacitors set the bandwidth of the regulation loop.
The transconductance of the error amplifier is not constant. This improves the start-up
behavior and transient response. The transconductance significantly increases resulting
in a higher output current to pin COMPPFC when the SNSBOOST voltage is more than
80 mV above or below the reference voltage.
The TEA1716 contains a correction circuit to compensate for this effect. The average
mains voltage is measured via the SNSMAINS pin and this information is fed to an
internal compensation circuit. Figure 7 illustrates the relationship between the SNSMAINS
voltage, the COMPPFC voltage, and the on-time. This compensation makes it is possible
to keep the regulation loop bandwidth constant over the full mains input range. This yields
a fast transient response on load steps, while still complying with class-D MHR
requirements.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
ton(max)(lowmains)
VSNSMAINS = 0.9 V
on-time
VSNSMAINS = 3.3 V
ton(max)(highmains)
0
Vton(COMPPFC)max Vton(COMPPFC)zero VCOMPPFC
014aaa855
After some time, the transformer becomes demagnetized and current stops flowing in the
boost output. From that moment, VSNSAUXPFC > Vdemag(SNSAUXPFC) and valley detection is
started. The MOSFET remains off.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
on
GATEPFC
off
VBoost
VRect
Dr(PFC)
0
VRect/N
Aux(PFC)
0
Vdemag(SNSAUXPFC)
(VBoost − VRect)/N
lTr(PFC)
0
demagnetized
Demagnetization
magnetized
Valley
(= top for detection)
t
014aaa856
The valley sensing block connected to the SNSAUXPFC pin detects valleys. This block
measures the voltage at the auxiliary winding of the PFC transformer, which is a reduced
and inverted copy of the MOSFET drain voltage. When a valley of the drain voltage (= top
at SNSAUXPFC voltage) is detected, the MOSFET is switched on.
If no top is detected on the SNSAUXPFC pin (= valley at the drain) within tto(vrec)
(4 s typical) after demagnetization was detected, the MOSFET is forced to switch on.
The minimum off-time is limited to toff(PFC)min to ensure proper control of the PFC MOSFET
under all circumstances.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
The start level and the time constant of the rising primary current can be adjusted
externally by changing the values of Rss(PFC) and Css(PFC).
= R ss PFC C ss PFC
Soft stop is achieved by switching on the internal current source Ich(ss)(PFC). This current
charges Css(PFC). The increasing capacitor voltage reduces the peak current. The charge
current flows as long as the voltage on pin SNSCURPFC is below the maximum PFC soft
start voltage (0.5 V typical). If VSNSCURPFC exceeds the maximum PFC soft start voltage,
the soft start current source starts limiting the charge current. The voltage is only
measured during the off-time of the PFC power switch to determine accurately if the
capacitor is charged. The operation of the PFC is stopped when
VSNSCURPFC > Vstop(ss)(PFC).
In the Burst stop state with the PFC not operating, pin SNSCURPFC is kept at the
maximum PFC soft start voltage. This allows an immediate start of the soft start sequence
when the PFC must operate after the Burst stop state.
A voltage peak appears on VSNSCURPFC when the PFC MOSFET is switched on due to the
discharging of the drain capacitance. The leading edge blanking time, tleb(PFC), ensures
that the overcurrent sensing block does not react to this transitory peak.
VSNSMAINS is clamped to a minimum value of Vpu(SNSMAINS) for fast restart as soon as the
mains input voltage recovers after a mains-dropout. The PFC (re)starts once VSNSMAINS
exceeds the start level Vstart(SNSMAINS).
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Switching of the power factor correction circuit is inhibited as soon as the voltage on the
SNSBOOST pin rises above Vovp(SNSBOOST). PFC switching resumes as soon as
VSNSBOOST drops below Vovp(SNSBOOST) again.
Overvoltage protection is also triggered in the event of an open circuit at the resistor
connected between SNSBOOST and ground.
The SNSBOOST pin draws a small input current Iprot(SNSBOOST). If this pin gets
disconnected, the residual current pulls down VSNSBOOST, triggering short circuit
protection (SCP-boost). This combination creates an open-loop protection (OLP-PFC).
7.8.1 HBC high-side and low-side driver (pin GATEHS and GATELS)
Both drivers have identical driving capability. The output of each driver is connected to the
equivalent gate of an external high-voltage power MOSFET.
The low-side driver is referenced to pin PGND and is supplied from SUPREG.
The high-side driver is floating. The reference for the high-side driver is pin HB, connected
to the midpoint of the external half-bridge. The high-side driver is supplied from SUPHS
which is connected to the external bootstrap capacitor CSUPHS. The bootstrap capacitor is
charged from SUPREG via external diode DSUPHS when the low-side MOSFET is on.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
• A divider is used to realize alternate switching of the high- and low-side MOSFETs for
each oscillator cycle. The oscillator frequency is twice the half-bridge frequency.
• The controlled oscillator determines the switch-off point.
• Adaptive non-overlap time sensing determines the switch-on point. This is the
adaptive non-overlap time function.
• Several protection circuits and the state of the SSHBC/EN input determine whether
the resonant converter is allowed to start switching.
GATEHS
GATELS
VBoost
HB
ITr(HBC) 0
CFMIN
t
014aaa857
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
The time required for the HB transition depends on the amplitude of the resonant current
at the instant of switching. There is a complex relationship between this amplitude, the
frequency, the boost voltage and the output voltage. Ideally the IC switch on the MOSFET
as soon as the HB transition has been completed. If it waits any longer, the HP voltage
can swing back, especially at high output loads. The advanced adaptive non-overlap time
function takes care of this timing, so that choosing a fixed dead time (which is always a
compromise) is not required. This saves on external components.
Adaptive non-overlap time sensing measures the HB slope after one MOSFET has been
switched off. Normally, the HB slope starts immediately (the voltage starts rising or falling).
Once the transition at the HB node is complete, the slope ends (the voltage stops
rising/falling), which the ANO time sensor detects. The other MOSFET is switched on. In
this way, the non-overlap time is optimized automatically, minimizing switching losses,
even if the HB transition cannot be fully completed. Figure 10 illustrates the operation of
the adaptive non-overlap time function in Inductive mode.
GATEHS
GATELS
VBoost
HB
0 t
fast HB slope slow HB slope incomplete HB slope
014aaa858
The non-overlap time depends on the HB slope, but has upper and lower limits.
The maximum non-overlap time is limited to the oscillator charge time. If the HB slope
lasts longer than the oscillator charge time (= 1⁄4 of HB switching period), the MOSFET is
forced to switch on. In this case, the MOSFET is not soft switching. This limitation ensures
that, at very high switching frequencies, the MOSFET on-time is at least 1⁄4 of the HB
switching period.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
MOSFETs. In Capacitive mode, the body diode in the switched-off MOSFET can start
conducting. Switching on the other MOSFET at this instant can result in the immediate
destruction of the MOSFETs.
The advanced adaptive non-overlap time of the TEA1716 always waits until the slope at
the half-bridge node starts. It guarantees safe switching of the MOSFETs in all
circumstances. Figure 11 illustrates the operation of the adaptive non-overlap time
function in Capacitive mode.
In Capacitive mode, half the resonance period can elapse before the resonant current
changes back to the correct polarity and starts charging the half-bridge node. The
oscillator is slowed down until the half-bridge slope starts to allow this relatively long
waiting time. See Section 7.8.5 for more details on the oscillator.
GATEHS
0
GATELS
0
VBoost
no HB slope
HB
wrong polarity
ITr(HBC) 0
CFMIN
0 t
delayed
oscillator
014aaa939
delayed switch-on
during capacitive mode
The MOSFET is forced to switch on if the half-bridge slope fails to start and the oscillator
voltage reaches Vu(CFMIN).
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
FEEDBACK CURRENT
VOLTAGE PIN SSHBC
PIN SNSFB
VOLTAGE ACROSS
Rfmax
CONVERSION TO CURRENT
FIXED fmin CURRENT
via Rfmax
(DIS-)CHARGE CURRENT
PIN CFMIN
CONVERSION TO
FRQUENCY via Cfmin
aaa-000767
• Capacitor Cfmin connected between pin CFMIN and ground sets the minimum
frequency in combination with an internally trimmed current source Iosc(min)
• The internal resistor Rfmax sets the frequency range and thus the maximum frequency.
Resistor Rfmax has a fixed value (18 k typical)
The oscillator frequency depends on the charge and discharge currents of Cfmin. The
charge /discharge current contains a fixed component, Iosc(min). This component
determines the minimum frequency. It also contains a variable component that is 4.9 times
greater than the current flowing through resistor Rfmax:
The maximum frequency of the oscillator is limited internally. The HB frequency is limited
to flimit(HB) (minimum 500 kHz).
the slope of the half-bridge controls the oscillator. The oscillator charge current is initially
set to a low value Iosc(red) (30 A typical). When the start of the half-bridge slope is
detected, the charge current is increased to its normal value. This feature is used in
combination with the adaptive non-overlap time function as described in Section 7.8.4.2
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
and Figure 11. Since the half-bridge slope normally starts directly after the MOSFET is
switched off, the length of time the oscillator current is low is negligible under normal
operating conditions.
The SNSFB pin is a voltage input. At an SNSFB voltage of Vfmin(SNSFB) (6.4 V typical) the
frequency is at a minimum. The maximum frequency is reached at Vfmax(SNSFB)
(4.1 V typical). The maximum frequency that can be reached using pin SNSFB is lower
(60 % typical) than the maximum frequency that can be reached using pin SSHBC/EN.
The HBC controller features open-loop protection (OLP-HBC), which monitors the voltage
on pin SNSFB. When VSNSFB exceeds Volp(SNSFB), the protection timer is started. The
Restart state is activated if the OLP condition is still present after the protection time has
elapsed.
Soft start utilizes the voltage on pin SSHBC/EN. external capacitor Css(HBC) sets the timing
of the soft start. Pin SSHBC/EN is also used as an enable input. Soft start voltage levels
are above the enable voltage thresholds.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
VRFMAX fmax
fHB
Vfmax,ss(RFMAX)
fHB
Vfmax,fb(RFMAX)
VRFMAX
fmin
0
0 Vfmax(SSHBC) Vclamp(SSHBC)
Vpu(EN) Vfmin(SSHBC)
VSSHBC
VRFMAX and VSSHBC/EN are of opposite polarity. At initial start-up, VSSHBC/EN is below
Vfmax(SSHBC) (3.2 V typical), which corresponds to the maximum frequency. During
start-up, Css(HBC) is charged, VSSHBC/EN rises and the frequency decreases. The
contribution of the soft start function is zero when VSSHBC/EN is above Vfmin(SSHBC)
(7.9 V typical).
The charge/discharge current can have a high value, Iss(hf)(SSHBC) (160 A typical),
resulting in a fast charge/discharge. Or it can have a low value, Iss(lf)(SSHBC) (40 A
typical), resulting in a slow charge/discharge. This two-speed soft start sweep allows for a
combination of a short start-up time for the resonant converter and stable regulation loops
(such as overcurrent regulation).
The high charge/discharge speed is used for the upper frequency range where
VSSHBC/EN is below Vss(hf-lf)(SSHBC) (5.6 V typical). In the upper frequency range, the
currents in the converter do not react strongly to frequency variations.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
The low charge/discharge speed is used for the lower frequency range where
VSSHBC/EN exceeds Vss(hf-lf)(SSHBC) (5.6 V typical). In the lower frequency range, the
currents in the converter react strongly to frequency variations.
Section 7.8.10.2 describes how the two-speed soft start function is used for overcurrent
regulation.
The soft start capacitor is not charged or discharged during non-operation time in Burst
mode. The soft start voltage does not change during this time.
When a protection function is activated, the oscillator control input is disconnected from
the soft start capacitor, Css(HBC), which is connected between pin SSHBC/EN and ground.
The switching frequency is immediately set to a maximum. Setting the switching
frequency to a maximum restores safe switching operation in most cases. At the same
time, the capacitor is discharged to the maximum frequency level, Vfmax(SSHBC). Once
VSSHBC/EN has reached this level, the oscillator control input is connected to the pin again
and the normal soft start sweep follows. Figure 14 shows the soft start reset and the
two-speed frequency sweep downwards.
on
Protection
off
Vfmin(SSHBC)
VSSHBC/EN Vss(hf-lf)(SSHBC)
Vfmax(SSHBC)
fmax
fHB
fmin
0 t
regulation fmax fast slow sweep regulation
forced sweep
014aaa864
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
HFP senses the voltage across the internal resistor Rfmax. This voltage indicates the
current frequency. When the frequency is higher than 75 % of the soft start frequency
range, the protection timer is started. The 75 % level corresponds to an Rfmax voltage of
Vhfp(RFMAX) (1.83 V typical).
For the same output power, the primary current is higher when the boost voltage is low. A
boost compensation is included to reduce the dependency of the protected output current
level on the boost voltage. The boost compensation sources and sinks a current from the
SNSCURHBC pin. This current creates a voltage drop across the series resistor Rcurcmp.
The amplitude of the current depends linearly on the boost voltage. At nominal boost
voltage, the current is zero and the voltage VCur(HBC) across the current sense resistor is
also present at the SNSCURHBC pin. At the UVP-boost start level Vuvp(SNSBOOST), the
current is at a maximum. The direction of the current, sink or source, depends on the
active gate signal. The voltage drop created across Rcurcmp reduces the amplitude at the
pin, resulting in a higher effective current protection level. The value of Rcurcmp sets the
amount of compensation. Figure 15 shows how the boost compensation works for an
artificial current signal. The sinking compensation current only flows when VSNSCURHBC is
positive because of the circuit implementation.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Vreg
VBoost
Vuvp
GATEHS
t
GATELS
t
sink
sink current only with positive VSNSCURHBC
ISNSCURHBC 0 t
source
VSNSCURHBC
Vocp(HBC)
Vocr(HBC)
VSNSCURHBC
0 t
−Vocr(HBC)
−Vocp(HBC)
Overcurrent regulation is very effective at limiting the output current during start-up. A
smaller soft start capacitor can be used to achieve a faster start-up. Using a smaller
capacitor can result in an output current that is too high at times. However, the OCR
function slows down the frequency sweep when required to keep the output current within
the specified limits. Figure 16 shows the operation of the OCR during output voltage
start-up.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Iocr
ICur(HBC) 0 t
−Iocr
Iss(hf)(SSHBC)
ISSHBC/EN Iss(If)(SSHBC)
−Iss(If)(SSHBC) t
−Iss(hf)(SSHBC)
Vfmin(SSHBC)
VSSHBC/EN
Vss(hf-lf)(SSHBC)
Vfmax(SSHBC)
0 t
Vreg
VOutput
0 t
Fast soft-start sweep (charge and discharge) Slow soft-start sweep (charge and discharge)
014aaa866
The protection timer is also started. The Restart state is activated when the OCR-HBC
condition is still present after the protection time has elapsed.
When the OCP level is reached, the frequency immediately jumps to the maximum value
via the soft start reset, followed by a normal sweep down.
The adaptive non-overlap time function (see Section 7.8.4.2) prevents harmful switching
in Capacitive mode. An extra action is performed which results in Capacitive Mode
Regulation (CMR). CMR causes the half-bridge circuit to return to Inductive mode from
Capacitive mode.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Capacitive mode is detected when the HB slope does not start within tto(cmr) after the
MOSFETs have switched off. Detection of Capacitive mode increases the switching
frequency. Discharging the soft start capacitor with a relatively high current Icmr(hf)(SSHBC)
from the moment tto(cmr) has expired until the half-bridge slope has started realizes this
increase. The frequency increase regulates the HBC to the border between capacitive
and inductive mode.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
8. Limiting values
Table 5. Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).; All voltages are measured with respect to pin SGND;
Currents are positive when flowing into the IC; The voltage ratings are valid provided other ratings are not violated; Current
ratings are valid provided the maximum power rating is not violated.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit
Voltages
VSUPHV voltage on pin SUPHV continuous 0.4 +630 V
VSUPHS voltage on pin SUPHS DC 0.4 +570 V
t < 0.5 s 0.4 +630 V
referenced to pin HB 0.4 +14 V
VSUPIC voltage on pin SUPIC 0.4 +38 V
VSNSAUXPFC voltage on pin SNSAUXPFC 25 +25 V
VSUPREG voltage on pin SUPREG 0.4 +12 V
VSNSOUT voltage on pin SNSOUT 0.4 +12 V
VRCPROT voltage on pin RCPROT 0.4 +12 V
VSNSFB voltage on pin SNSFB 0.4 +12 V
VSSHBC/EN voltage on pin SSHBC/EN 0.4 +12 V
VSNSBURST voltage on pin SNSBURST 0.4 +12 V
VGATEHS voltage on pin GATEHS t < 10 µs for I > 10 mA 0.4 VSUPHS + 0.4 V
VGATELS voltage on pin GATELS t < 10 µs for I > 10 mA 0.4 VSUPREG + 0.4 V
VGATEPFC voltage on pin GATEPFC t < 10 µs for I > 10 mA 0.4 VSUPREG + 0.4 V
VSNSCURHBC voltage on pin SNSCURHBC 5 +5 V
VSNSBOOST voltage on pin SNSBOOST 0.4 +5 V
VSNSMAINS voltage on pin SNSMAINS 0.4 +5 V
VSNSCURPFC voltage on pin SNSCURPFC current limited 0.4 +5 V
VCOMPPFC voltage on pin COMPPFC 0.4 +5 V
VCFMIN voltage on pin CFMIN 0.4 +5 V
VPGND voltage on pin PGND 1 +1 V
Currents
IGATEPFC current into pin GATEPFC duty cycle < 10 % 0.8 +2 A
ISNSCURPFC current into pin SNSCURPFC 1 +10 mA
General
Ptot total power dissipation Tamb < 75 C - 0.8 W
Tstg storage temperature 55 +150 C
Tj junction temperature 40 +150 C
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
9. Thermal characteristics
Table 6. Thermal characteristics
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Unit
Rth(j-a) thermal resistance from junction to ambient In free air; JEDEC single 90 K/W
layer test board
10. Characteristics
Table 7. Characteristics
Tamb = 25 C; VSUPIC = 20 V; VSUPHV > 40 V; all voltages are measured with respect to SGND; currents are positive when
flowing into the IC; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
High-voltage start-up source (pin SUPHV)
Idism(SUPHV) disable mode current on pin Disabled IC state - 150 - A
SUPHV
Ired(SUPHV) reduced current on pin SUPHV VSUPIC < Vscp(SUPIC) - 1.1 - mA
Inom(SUPHV) nominal current on pin SUPHV VSUPIC < Vstart(hvd)(SUPIC) - 5.1 - mA
Itko(SUPHV) takeover current on pin SUPHV VSUPIC > Vstart(hvd)(SUPIC) - 7 - A
Vdet(SUPHV) detection voltage on pin SUPHV - - 25 V
Vrst(SUPHV) reset voltage on pin SUPHV VSUPIC < Vrst(SUPIC) - 7 - V
Low-voltage IC supply (pin SUPIC)
Vstart(hvd)(SUPIC) start voltage with high voltage VSUPHV > Vdet(SUPHV) - 20 - V
detected
Vstart(nohvd)(SUPIC) start voltage with no high voltage VSUPHV < Vdet(SUPHV) or open - 15 - V
detected
Vstart(hys)(SUPIC) hysteresis of start voltage on pin - 0.3 - V
SUPIC
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
[1] The marked levels on this pin are correlated. The voltage difference between the levels has much less spread than the absolute value of
the levels themselves.
[2] Switching level has some hysteresis. The hysteresis falls within the limits.
[3] For a typical application with a compensation network on pin COMPPFC, like the example in Figure 17.
[4] Minimum required voltage change time for valley recognition on pin SNSAUXPFC.
[5] Minimum time required between demagnetization detection and V/t = 0 on pin SNSAUXPFC.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Aux(PFC) DSUPHS
Cboost
Mains Crect CSUPREG
CSUPHS
HB CRes
SNSBOOST
Css(PFC)
Rcur(PFC)
SUPREG
COMPPFC SNSFB
SNSBURST
Rprot
Cfmin
RCPROT CFMIN
TEA1716
Css(HBC)
Cprot SSHBC/EN
PGND SGND
Disable
aaa-000768
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
SO24: plastic small outline package; 24 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT137-1
D E A
X
y HE v M A
24 13
Q
A2 A
A1 (A 3)
pin 1 index
θ
Lp
L
1 12 detail X
e w M
bp
0 5 10 mm
scale
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm (0.006 inch) maximum per side are not included.
99-12-27
SOT137-1 075E05 MS-013
03-02-19
13. Abbreviations
Table 8. Abbreviations
Acronym Description
ANO Adaptive Non-Overlap
CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor'
CMR Capacitive Mode Regulation
DMOS Double-diffused Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
EMI ElectroMagnetic Interference
FSP Failed Start Protection
HBC Half-Bridge Converter or Controller. Resonant converter which generates the
regulated output voltage.
HFP High-Frequency Protection
HV High-voltage
OCP OverCurrent Protection
OCR OverCurrent Regulation
OLP Open-Loop Protection
OTP OverTemperature Protection
OVP OverVoltage Protection
PFC Power Factor Converter or Controller. Converter which performs the power factor
correction.
UVP UnderVoltage Protection
SCP Short-Circuit Protection
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
[1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.
15.2 Definitions Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
damage. NXP Semiconductors and its suppliers accept no liability for
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own
use of such information.
risk.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
specified use without further testing or modification.
sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales
office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
full data sheet shall prevail. and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however, customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the applications and products.
Product data sheet.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
15.3 Disclaimers customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information. NXP Semiconductors takes no Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
responsibility for the content in this document if provided by an information the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent
source outside of NXP Semiconductors. damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper)
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
the quality and reliability of the device.
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory. Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors. agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective
agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the
changes to information published in this document, including without purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or
to the publication hereof. construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant,
conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or
other industrial or intellectual property rights.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein product for such automotive applications, use and specifications, and (b)
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond
authorization from competent authorities. NXP Semiconductors’ specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s
own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies NXP Semiconductors for any
Non-automotive qualified products — Unless this data sheet expressly
liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design and
states that this specific NXP Semiconductors product is automotive qualified,
use of the product for automotive applications beyond NXP Semiconductors’
the product is not suitable for automotive use. It is neither qualified nor tested
standard warranty and NXP Semiconductors’ product specifications.
in accordance with automotive testing or application requirements. NXP
Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
non-automotive qualified products in automotive equipment or applications.
15.4 Trademarks
In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use in
automotive applications to automotive specifications and standards, customer Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
(a) shall use the product without NXP Semiconductors’ warranty of the are the property of their respective owners.
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
17. Contents
1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7.7.2.2 PFC mains compensation
2 Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (pin SNSMAINS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.1 General features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7.7.3 PFC demagnetization sensing
2.2 PFC controller features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (pin SNSAUXPFC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.3 HBC controller features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7.7.4 PFC valley sensing
2.4 Protection features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (pin SNSAUXPFC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.7.5 PFC frequency and off-time limiting . . . . . . . . 18
3 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
7.7.6 PFC soft start and soft stop
4 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 (pin SNSCURPFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7.7.7 PFC overcurrent regulation, OCR-PFC
6 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 (pin SNSCURPFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.1 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7.7.8 PFC mains undervoltage protection/brownout
6.2 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 protection, UVP-mains
7 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 (pin SNSMAINS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7.1 Overview of IC modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.7.9 PFC boost overvoltage protection,
7.2 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 OVP-boost (pin SNSBOOST) . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.2.1 Low-voltage supply input 7.7.10 PFC short circuit/open-loop protection,
(pin SUPIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 SCP/OLP-PFC (pin SNSBOOST) . . . . . . . . . 20
7.2.2 Regulated supply 7.8 HBC controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
(pin SUPREG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7.8.1 HBC high-side and low-side driver
7.2.3 High-side driver floating supply (pin GATEHS and GATELS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
(pin SUPHS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.8.2 HBC boost undervoltage protection,
7.2.4 High-voltage supply input UVP-boost (pin SNSBOOST) . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
(pin SUPHV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.8.3 HBC switch control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.3 Flow diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.8.4 HBC Adaptive Non-Overlap (ANO)
7.4 Enable input (pin SSHBC/EN) . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 time function (pin HB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.5 IC protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 7.8.4.1 Inductive mode (normal operation) . . . . . . . . 21
7.5.1 IC restart and shut-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 7.8.4.2 Capacitive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.5.2 Protection and restart timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7.8.5 HBC slope controlled oscillator
7.5.2.1 Protection timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (pin CFMIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.5.2.2 Restart timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7.8.6 HBC feedback input (pin SNSFB) . . . . . . . . . 25
7.5.3 Fast shutdown reset 7.8.7 HBC open-loop protection, OLP-HBC
(pin SNSMAINS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 (pin SNSFB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.5.4 Output overvoltage protection, 7.8.8 HBC soft start (pin SSHBC/EN) . . . . . . . . . . . 25
OVP-output 7.8.8.1 Soft start voltage levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
(pin SNSOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7.8.8.2 Soft start charge and discharge . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.5.5 Output failed start protection, 7.8.8.3 Soft start reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
FSP-output (pin SNSOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7.8.9 HBC high-frequency protection,
7.5.6 OverTemperature Protection (OTP) . . . . . . . . 15 HFP-HBC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.6 Burst mode operation 7.8.10 HBC overcurrent regulation and protection,
(pin SNSBURST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 OCR and OCP (pin SNSCURHBC) . . . . . . . . 28
7.7 PFC controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7.8.10.1 Boost voltage compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.7.1 PFC gate driver 7.8.10.2 Overcurrent regulation, OCR-HBC . . . . . . . . 29
(pin GATEPFC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.8.10.3 Overcurrent protection, OCP-HBC. . . . . . . . . 30
7.7.2 PFC on-time control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.8.11 HBC capacitive mode regulation,
7.7.2.1 PFC error amplifier CMR (pin HB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
(pins COMPPFC 7.9 Protection overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
and SNSBOOST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 8 Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
continued >>
TEA1716T All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2012. All rights reserved.
9 Thermal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
10 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
11 Application information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
12 Package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
13 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
14 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
15 Legal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
15.1 Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
15.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
15.3 Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
15.4 Trademarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
16 Contact information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
17 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
The TEA1716T IC manages sudden changes in output current demand by utilizing the soft start function and overcurrent regulation to progressively adjust the switching frequency. During a sudden increase in demand, the soft start function ensures that currents remain within safe limits by commencing at a high frequency and decreasing gradually. Additionally, overcurrent regulation mitigates excess demand by boosting the frequency slowly, preventing output voltage overshoot and excessive current flows .
High-frequency protection (HFP) in the TEA1716T HBC controller is significant because it prevents MOSFETs from overheating in abnormal conditions, such as when zero-voltage switching conditions are lost. If the switching frequency exceeds 75% of the soft start frequency range due to errors like a disconnected transformer, HFP is triggered to protect the controller by sensing voltage across the internal resistor Rfmax. When the frequency remains high beyond safe limits, the protection timer activates to mitigate potential damage .
The soft start function in the TEA1716T IC ensures that the resonant converter starts or restarts with safe currents. During soft start, the switch frequency begins high to limit the initial current under all conditions. The frequency then gradually decreases, allowing output voltage regulation to take over before reaching the minimum soft-start frequency. This function limits the rate of output voltage rise, preventing overshoot by utilizing the voltage on pin SSHBC/EN. An external capacitor, Css(HBC), sets the timing for the soft start .
The HBC controller uses adaptive non-overlap time sensing to determine the switch-on points of MOSFETs, ensuring a small non-overlap time between the high-side and low-side MOSFET on-times. This is crucial for resonant converters as it enables Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS), or soft switching, which enhances efficiency by reducing switching losses. The adaptive non-overlap time function adjusts the non-overlap time to optimize switch timing according to load conditions .
When incorporating the TEA1716T into automotive applications, one must consider that it is not automotive qualified and therefore lacks testing in such environments. The customer assumes all risks and must validate that the product meets specific automotive standards. Additionally, the customer must indemnify NXP Semiconductors for any liabilities resulting from such use. It's critical to ensure the system design includes necessary safeguards to manage these risks .
The HBC controller in the TEA1716T resonant power supply control IC converts the 400 V boost voltage from the PFC into one or more regulated DC output voltages. It achieves voltage regulation via frequency control, where the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the switching frequency of the high-side and low-side MOSFETs in a half-bridge configuration connected to a transformer. The transformer, along with its leakage inductance, magnetizing inductance, and a resonant capacitor, forms the resonant circuit with the load at the output .
An error in the feedback loop can cause the current to drop below Ifmin(SNSFB) while the HBC controller is delivering maximum output power. This could incorrectly trigger the open-loop protection (OLP-HBC) by exceeding the voltage on the SNSFB pin beyond Volp(SNSFB), starting the protection timer. If the error persists past the protection time, the controller enters the Restart state, thereby interrupting proper operation .
In the TEA1716T IC, a short circuit on the boost voltage line triggers the short circuit protection (SCP-boost) mechanism. When the SNSBOOST pin detects that the voltage drops below the SCP-triggering level, this protection mechanism halts switching of the controller until the short is resolved and the boost voltage is restored to normal operating levels. This prevention measure ensures that the IC avoids damage while maintaining control over unsafe conditions .
The TEA1716T implements overcurrent protection using both overcurrent regulation (OCR) and overcurrent protection (OCP) mechanisms. OCR increases the frequency slowly to manage current levels, while OCP increases the frequency to its maximum for quick reduction. Boost voltage compensation is used to reduce the dependency of the protected output current level on the boost voltage. It senses the resonant current via pin SNSCURHBC and adjusts the compensation current to maintain consistent protection levels regardless of boost voltage variations .
The SNSBOOST pin in the TEA1716T IC continuously senses the boost voltage to prevent the HBC controller from operating at low input voltages. It contributes to boost undervoltage protection by stopping the HBC switching when the voltage on the SNSBOOST pin falls below a certain threshold (Vuvp(SNSBOOST)). Switching resumes once the voltage rises above the start threshold (Vstart(SNSBOOST)), ensuring stable operation without risking damage from undervoltage conditions .