SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: CREATIVE WRITING Grade: 11 Level: SHS Quarter: 2ND Week: 1

MELC: The learner identifies the various elements in drama

Competency Code: HUMSS_CW/MPlj-llc-15

Name Section Date

School District

WHAT’S IN

TASK 1

Match column A with Column B. Copy and Write the letter of your answer in
a whole sheet of paper

A B

1. A place where some act or event occurs a. Climax

2. The character the story revolves around b. Conflict
3. The choices the author makes to reveal c. Act
a character’s personality d. Exposition
4. Background information regarding the e. Soliloquy
setting, characters, and plot f. Set
5. A character or force that opposes the g. Protagonist
protagonist h. Antagonist
6. The point of greatest emotional intensity i. Characterization
7. Struggle between opposing forces j. Scene
8. One of the major divisions of a play k. Comedy
9. Dramatic or literary form of discourse where
the character talks to himself or herself
without addressing a listener
10. A literary work that is amusing and ends happily
 A. Readings/Discussions
Drama is „dran‟ in Greek word means “to-do.” Drama is a literary genre that pertains to the script in dialogue-
form. The audience has their own interpretation and an interaction of the playwright thru the story lines of the
characters‟ lives.
The readers imagine the performance in mind. If a drama is to be performed on theatres, auditorium, or on stage
it is called a play which the audience get to witness the actors portrayal of the characters with emotions, lights,
sound effects, costumes, props, etc.

A pair of masks, one sad and mournful while the other, happy and joyful signifies tragedy and comedy in drama.
Tragedy refers to a play that portrays a conflict between human beings and some greater or larger overwhelming
force. The hero-protagonist is fallible; he/she is not a cut out to be a superhero.
His downfall is a result of weakness in character. The hero- protagonist experiences disaster and this state prevail
until the closing of the play. At the end, the protagonist either learns or realizes a painful lesson that would places
him/her
in a sorry state, dies, or vanishes and never heard of again.

Comedy, on the other hand, refers to a celebration or a festivity which encompasses a classification of an
entire play, a comic situation, or a character in a play. Comedy has two varieties: High comedy relies on
wit and wordplay; it attempts to lecture on the pretensions and hypocrisy of human behaviour like of a satire
play. However, low comedy emphasizes on physical actions, visual gags (slapsticks) and verbal jokes.

A playwrights‟ understanding of structure is not complete without a sense of awareness of dramatic

elements.

A. ELEMENTS OF DRAMA

The following are the elements according to Aristotle(62):

Plot. The story of the play, or the journey of the protagonist, which includes his/her
conflict with an opposing force (the antagonist).
Main plot – The main action in a play or story.
Subplot - Secondary action that is interwoven with the main action in a play or story.

Characters. The person, animal, object or idea portrayed by the actor(s) in the play.
They move the action, or plot, of the play forward.
Characterization - The choices an author makes to reveal a character’s personality,
such as appearance, actions, dialogue, and motivations.
Protagonist - The character the story revolves around.
Antagonist - A character or force that opposes the protagonist.

Thought. The central idea or theme of the play, used by the playwright to illustrate
some truth.
Diction. The language used by the playwright, including the style, dialect, rhythm
and the actual words used by the characters.
Music. Everything the audience hears from the play, including the words, music and
sound effects.
Spectacle. Everything the audience sees, including scenery, costumes, makeup,
dancing, pantomime and wordplay.

Act - One of the major divisions of a play or opera.

Scene - The place where some act or event occurs.
Exposition - Background information regarding the setting, characters, plot.
Conflict – Struggle between opposing forces.
Complication - A series of difficulties forming the central action in a Narrative
Climax - That point of greatest emotional intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.
Denouement - refers to the outcome or result of a complex situation or sequence of events.
Peripeteia - a sudden reversal of fortune from good to bad.

Exercise 1:
 Directions: Observe the illustrations below and identify the appropriate words from the

choices given in the box that best categorize a poem. Copy and Write the answer on a whole

sheet of paper.

Exercise 2:
Directions: Read the statements. Identify the word which refers to drama. C o p y a n d Write your answer on a
whole sheet of paper.

1. An author of a play.

2. It symbolizes pain and joy.

3. It reflects of truthfulness of life.

4. It is something witty or humorous.

5. It is the exposition to denouement.

6. These are the actors/actresses of the play.

7. It is anything that an audience sees on stage.

8. It is a dialogue-script written by a playwright.

9. It refers to the utterances of words even its tone and style.

10. It is anything that the audience hears during the performance of the actors on stage.
EXERCISE 3

Modified true or false. Read and analyze the sentences. Write true if it is correct and false if it is incorrect and change
the underlined words to make the statement correct.
Copy and Answer on a whole sheet of paper.
1. Act is one of the major divisions of a play or opera.
2. Stage is the place where some act or events occur.
3. Conflict is a struggle between opposing forces.
4. Antagonist is the character the story revolves
5. Scenery is the author’s attempt to create a mental picture in the mind
of the readers.
6. Motif is the recurring theme in a literary work.
7. Tragic irony involves the reader or audience knowing something about
what’s happening in the plot, about which the character(s) have no
knowledge.
8. Dramatic irony refers to a character’s actions that lead to a
consequences that are both tragic, and contrary to the character’s desire
and intentions
9. Comedy is a form of drama that is amusing and ends happily.
10. History refers to past events relating to a particular theme.

Exercise 4

Directions: Read the statements. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false.
Copy and Write the answer on a whole sheet of paper.

1. A story line is a plot.

2. Drama and play are the same.

3. Drama is anything but sadness.

4. Spectacle is the overall stage performance.

5. In drama, a hero is a character that saves lives.

6. A mask is worn to hide the identity to the audience.

7. Utterances by the characters could be categorized as music.

8. Low comedy relies more on wit and wordplay than on physical action.

9. Filipino sidekicks such as Vic Sotto to Jose Manalo and Vice Ganda to Negi are
examples of low comedy.
10. A playwright must write dialogues and create situations which can give the actors
some room to act on and give justice to the character.
OUTPUT 4.2 (SHORT BOND PAPER with 1 inch margin)
Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

In a spaces provided below explain your understanding on drama or theatrical play and its

importance of it.

Rubric: Understanding Drama/Theatrical Play and its Importance

Needs
Criteria Exceptional (10) Proficient (9) Basic (8) Improvement (5)
The explanation
demonstrates a The explanation
profound displays a solid
understanding of understanding of The explanation
drama/theatrical drama/theatrical The explanation shows a limited
play, encompassing play, covering demonstrates a basic understanding of
key elements such as essential elements understanding of drama/theatrical
plot, characters, such as plot, drama/theatrical play, with significant
setting, theme, and characters, setting, play but lacks depth gaps or
symbolism. The and theme. The or clarity. Some key misconceptions
explanation is clear, explanation is elements may be evident. Key
Understanding of insightful, and coherent and overlooked or elements are
Drama/Theatrical supported by specific adequately inaccurately misunderstood or
Play examples or analyses. supported. explained. omitted.
The explanation
effectively articulates The explanation
the importance of adequately discusses
drama/theatrical the importance of
play in society, drama/theatrical
education, culture, play, highlighting its The explanation
and personal significance in various briefly touches upon The explanation
development. It contexts such as the importance of demonstrates a
demonstrates insight education, cultural drama/theatrical limited understanding
into how drama expression, and play but lacks depth of the importance of
fosters empathy, personal growth. It or clarity. It may drama/theatrical
critical thinking, acknowledges the overlook some play. It may offer
creativity, role of drama in significant aspects or vague or inaccurate
Importance of communication skills, developing empathy, fail to provide reasons without
Drama/Theatrical and cultural creativity, and compelling reasons effectively conveying
Play appreciation. communication skills. for its importance. its significance.
TOTAL 20points
References:

Aguilla, Augusto Antonio et.al, Wording the World: The Art of Creative Writing. Imaging and the

Use of Imagery. Quezon City: C & E Publishing.

https://www.google.com/search?q=mr+bean+clipart+black+and+white

https://www.google.com/search?q=png+clipart&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjjvPq-
A. Readings/Discussions

Dramatic techniques refer to the literary devices and staging elements to enhance the emotional, aural, and
visual experience of the audience as well as the on-stage craftsmanship, creatively put together by the
playwright.

B. LITERARY DEVICES

Literary devices that are often used in dramatic productions include the following:

Conflict. It pertains to the problem caused by the opposing objectives of the

protagonist and antagonist.
Example: An uncle cannot accept that the future king is the new born boy of his Brother

Foreshadowing. It is the use of hints at the future in order to build anticipation in the audience.
Example: The uncle went to an unpleasant place in the middle of the night to talk to a couple of stout men
with caps, shades and cigars.

Imagery. It vividly shows something through the senses to the audience.

Example: Instead of telling the audience how the character-uncle hates the future king, he shows it thru his
facial expression, tone, and even body language upon talking to the child.

Dramatic Irony. This is when the viewers’ understand something about the character’s action or event, but
the character’s do not.
Example: The audience knows that the uncle deceives his nephew to go to the woods as the king is waiting for
him. Without anticipation, the child goes to the woods for his father not realizing that a plot to end the child’s
life is about to happen.

Satire. It is an artistic form in which human or individual vices, follies, abuses, or shortcomings are held up to
censure by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque, irony, parody, caricature, or other methods, sometimes
with an intent to inspire social reform.
Example: An actor mocking a politician who cannot accept losing the election and
made an outrage to the public that he/she has been cheated on.

Symbolism. In any literary work like drama, objects are used to suggest more than its literal meaning to
heighten its essence to the plot-story.
Example: A dove with a universal symbol of peace.

Mime. It is the theatrical technique of suggesting action, character, or emotion without

words, using only gesture, expression, and movement.
Example:
Dramatic techniques are divided into three broad categories:

1.) Speech/Verbal Techniques. It is an utterance of a single speaker, either within a

dialogue, a monologue, or an aside.
a. Dialogue. It is a sequence of conversational 'turns' exchanged between two or more speakers.
b. Monologue. It is a long speech in which a character talks to themselves or to other subconscious
characters.
c. Soliloquy. It is a long speech in which a character talks to oneself.
d. Aside. It is a dramatic device in which a character speaks to the audience. By convention the audience is
to realize that the character's speech is unheard by the other characters on stage.
e. Direct Address. The characters address the audience, like a form of oral diary and, a revealing of inner
thoughts or inner monologue. It differs from an aside because the character is specifically acknowledging a
connection with the audience.

2.) Non-Verbal Techniques. It includes a variety of things such as sets, stage directions,
costuming, props, music and sound effects.

3.) Literary Techniques. The figurative language such as metaphor (NOT using ‘as & like’ in comparing two
things), simile (USING ‘as & like’ in comparing two things), personification (The inanimate object is given
humane characteristics), and allusion (references a person, place, thing, or event that the concepts can be
real or imaginary, referring to anything from fiction, to folklore, to historical events and religious manuscripts).
This figurative language engages the senses and imagination of the audience while other language
techniques may cause the audience to question and challenge their understanding of the world.

C. Forms of Drama
1. Comedy - A literary work that is amusing and ends happily.
2. History - The past events relating to a particular thing.
3. Tragedy - A dramatic presentation of serious actions in which the chief character has a disastrous fate.
4. Tragic-comedy - A drama in which aspects of both tragedy and comedy are found.
5. Theatre of the Absurd - A form of drama that emphasizes the absurdity of human existence by employing
disjointed, repetitious, and meaningless dialogue, purposeless and confusing situations, and plots that lack
realistic or logical development. This theatrical style originated in France in the late 1940's.
6. Satire - A kind of writing that holds up to ridicule or contempt the weaknesses and wrongdoing of individuals,
groups, institution, or humanity in general
7. Farce - A type of comedy based on a farfetched humorous situation, often with ridiculous or stereotyped
characters
8. Modern Drama - Modern drama is the Western development of drama in the late 19th century
9. Melodrama - A dramatic work which exaggerates plot and characters in
order to appeal to the emotions.

D. Features in Drama
1. Monologue- A form of dramatic entertainment, comedic solo, or the like by a
single speaker
2. Dialogue - Conversation between characters in a drama or narrative.
3. Soliloquy - A dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character talks to himself or herself or reveals
his or her thoughts without addressing a listener
4. Aside - An actor’s speech, directed to the audience, that is not supposed to be heard by other actors on
stage
5. Set - The time, place, physical details, and circumstances in which a situation occurs.
6. Stage direction - A playwright's descriptive or interpretive comments that provide readers (and actors) with
information about the dialogue, setting, and action of a play.
7. Stage Conventions - Certain devices used within a performance that are accepted as portraying an event
or style without necessarily being realistic. (eg costumes)
8. Chorus - A group of characters who comment on the action of a play without participation in it.
9. Dramatic Unites - the three unities of time, place and action observed in a classical drama.
10. Disguise - To modify the manner or appearance of in order to prevent Recognition

Techniques in drama
1. Vocal dynamics
Your lines are just words until you deliver them. In order to accurately portray different characters and
emotions, you need to expand your vocal toolbox and learn about the ways that range, pitch,
and pronunciation affect your performance. Sometimes you need to adopt an unfamiliar accent. Other times,
you might change your pitch to communicate building anger, excitement, or sadness.

2. Body language and mechanics

Actors bring their characters to life by moving, reacting, and even standing in nuanced ways that are natural
for their character. Very subtle differences in posture, walking speed, or even the force with which you pick up
a prop can speak volumes about your character’s intentions.

3. Use and awareness of space

It is important to be aware of not just your “marks” on stage, but also of the actors who must interact with or
move past you. Your position on the stage or set affects everything from the lighting and sound to
camera angles and audience perspective.

4. Improvisational Techniques
You might associate improvisation with comedy clubs, and sketch
shows, but on-the-spot creativity is a skill that comes in handy for
actors of every discipline
Mastering these drama techniques will make it easier to shed
your own identity and become your character.
Exercise 5:
Directions: Match the following statements/examples in Column A and identify the
concept from the choices given in Column B. Write the letter of your answer on a whole
sheet of paper.

Exercise 6
Directions: Read the statements. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false.
Write the answer on a whole sheet of paper.
_____1. Talking to the other characters is a monologue.
_____2. Using imagery in plays means to show and not tell.
_____3. Music adds on to the audience’s impact about the play.
_____4. Mime essentials are the facial expressions and body movements.
_____5. Comparing two unlikely things not using ‘like/as’ is called simile.
_____6. Dramatic Irony is when the audience knows on the antagonist plot to do bad thing to
the innocent protagonist.
_____7. A reflection or apparition of a late king seen on the clouds or at the river is an
example of personification.
_____8. A loud thunder and enormous gush of wind sound effects plus dim lights in a play
connotes that a foreshadowing of danger is about to unravel.
Exercise 7: Assessment
Directions: Read the statements and identify the concept from the choices given inside
the box. Write the letter of your answer on a whole sheet of paper

A. Props B. Satire C. Set D. Simile E. Soliloquy

F. Sound Effects G. Stage Directions H. Symbolism I. Talent

_____1. It is often called sarcasm.

_____2. Prepositions ‘as, like’ are used.
_____3. It means the stage and its set up.
_____4. A character talking to the mirror.
_____5. An object that connotes meaning beyond its literal form.
_____6. It is relevant objects that are used by the actors in enhancing the character portrayal.
_____7. The floors on stage contain an X mark for the actors to be guided on where to position
in coherence with the lightings of the set.
_____8. A loud thunder and enormous gush of wind ______ plus dim lights in a play connotes
that a foreshadowing of danger is about to unravel.

OUTPUT 4.3 (SHORT BOND PAPER with 1 inch margin)

Write your own drama following the guides below. Take into consideration the elements, techniques, and
literary devices previously presented.

Needs
Criteria Exceptional (4) Proficient (3) Basic (2) Improvement (1)
The drama effectively The drama incorporates The drama includes The drama fails to
incorporates all essential most essential elements some essential elements adequately incorporate
elements of drama, of drama, including of drama but may lack essential elements of
including plot, plot, characters, setting, coherence or drama. The plot may be
characters, setting, dialogue, conflict, and consistency in their unclear or nonexistent,
dialogue, conflict, and resolution. While the plot execution. The plot may characters one-
Incorporation of resolution. The plot is may be somewhat be simplistic, characters dimensional or
Elements of Drama well-developed, with a predictable or lacking in underdeveloped, or inconsistent, and setting
 clear beginning, middle, depth, the characters setting poorly defined, poorly described or
and end, and the are reasonably impacting the overall irrelevant.
characters are developed, and the effectiveness of the
multidimensional, setting contributes to drama.
displaying growth and the overall atmosphere
complexity throughout of the drama.
the story. The setting is
vividly described,
enhancing the
atmosphere and mood
of the drama.
The drama
demonstrates a
sophisticated use of a
variety of literary The drama employs
techniques and devices, several literary
such as symbolism, techniques and devices
foreshadowing, irony, to enhance the The drama utilizes some
metaphor, and narrative and develop literary techniques and
dramatic irony. These themes or characters. devices, but their The drama lacks
techniques enhance the While the use of these application may be effective use of literary
depth and complexity techniques may not be superficial or techniques and devices.
of the narrative, as nuanced or extensive inconsistent. Their Their presence may be
enriching the audience's as in exceptional cases, impact on the narrative minimal or ineffective,
understanding and they contribute to the or audience experience failing to add depth or
Effective Use of Literary engagement with the overall effectiveness of may be limited as a complexity to the
Techniques and Devices story. the drama. result. narrative.

OUTPUT 4.4 (SHORT BOND PAPER with 1 inch margin)

Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies
In a spaces provided below explain your realization on the relevance of literary techniques and devices in
play production

___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Needs
Improvement
Criteria Exceptional (10) Proficient (9) Basic (8) (5)
The explanation
demonstrates a
comprehensive
understanding of a
wide range of
literary techniques
and devices
commonly The explanation
employed in play displays a solid
production, understanding of
including but not various literary The explanation
limited to symbolism, techniques and demonstrates a The explanation
foreshadowing, devices used in play basic understanding shows a limited
irony, metaphor, production. It covers of some literary understanding of
and dramatic irony. essential techniques techniques and literary techniques
The explanation such as symbolism, devices in play and devices in play
provides insightful foreshadowing, production but may production. It may
analyses and irony, metaphor, lack depth or clarity. inaccurately identify
examples that and dramatic irony, It identifies a few or misunderstand
effectively illustrate and provides techniques, but the certain techniques,
Understanding of the relevance of relevant examples discussion may be and examples
Literary Techniques these techniques in to support the limited in scope or provided may be
and Devices enhancing the discussion. detail. irrelevant or unclear.
 overall impact and
meaning of a play.
The explanation
effectively illustrates
how literary
techniques and
devices are applied The explanation
in play production demonstrates an
to enhance understanding of
character how literary
development, plot techniques and
progression, devices are applied The explanation
thematic in play production, briefly touches upon The explanation
exploration, and showcasing their the application of provides limited
audience role in shaping literary techniques insight into the
engagement. It character and devices in play application of
demonstrates an dynamics, plot production but may literary techniques
ability to analyze structure, and lack specificity or and devices in play
specific instances thematic elements. detailed analysis. It production. It may
where these It provides relevant identifies instances offer vague or
techniques are examples to support where techniques inaccurate
utilized and their the discussion, are used but may examples without
Application of impact on the though some not fully explore their effectively
Literary Techniques overall theatrical analysis may lack impact or illustrating their
and Devices experience. depth. significance. relevance.
The explanation
illustrates how
literary techniques
and devices are
seamlessly The explanation
integrated into acknowledges the The explanation
various aspects of integration of literary briefly discusses the The explanation
play production, techniques and integration of literary provides limited
including devices into play techniques and insight into the
scriptwriting, production, devices into play integration of literary
directing, staging, recognizing their production but may techniques and
and performance. It importance across lack coherence or devices into play
acknowledges the different stages of specificity. It production. It may
collaborative nature the theatrical recognizes the overlook the
of theater and how process. It discusses importance of collaborative nature
different artists utilize how playwrights, collaboration but of theater or fail to
these techniques to directors, actors, may not fully recognize how
achieve artistic and designers explore how various artists utilize
vision and collaborate to different artists these techniques in
Integration of communicate with incorporate these contribute to the their work.
Literary Techniques the audience techniques into their use of these
and Devices effectively. respective roles. techniques.