PHRASAL VERBS العبارة المحتوية على فعل
* A phrasal verb is a verb + preposition or verb + adverb – in a phrasal verb, the
meaning is different from the meaning of the verb on its own. Then we can not
guess the meaning of the phrasal verb from the usual meaning of the verbs and
the adverbs.
* معنى العبارة المحتوية على فعل ال عالقة له بمعني الفعل األصلى
e.g. To carry : to take يعمل
e.g. To carry out : ( phrasal verb) = to do يؤدي
e.g. We must carry out our duties now.
e.g. we must carry this bag to the bus-stop now.
* To look after to take care of يرعى
to care for
* To look for : to search for, to try to find. يبحث
* To look out : to take care. احذر
* To pull out : to extract, take it off. يستخلص
* To pull out of : to withdraw. ينسحب
* To bring up : to make. يقدم
* To bring up Asha: to take care until she grows up. يربي
* To look over: to turn, to see. يلفت
* To look over: to study, to read. يراجع
* To put on: to wear. يرتدى
e.g. Ali has just put on his new coat.
* To put on: to switch on. يشغل
e.g. The room is dark now, you must put on the light.
* To break up: to end. ينتهى
e.g. Her marriage broke up in 1994.
* To put off : to postpone. يؤجل
e.g. The room is very cold ; you must put off these fans.
* To put up: to increase يزيد
e.g. The shopkeeper has just put up the prices of his goods.
* To put up: to accommodate يستضيف
e.g. When I travelled to London Farah put me up.
* To put away: to put things inside a cupboard or sideboard يلملم
e.g. When the meal was over the mother put away the plates and cooking pots.
* To make up your mind : to decide يقرر
e.g. I have made up my mind to attend this meeting.
* To make up your face : to use cosmetics يضع مكياج
e.g. Girls make up their faces these days.
* To make out: to understand يفهم
e.g. We must make out this plan before we carry it out.
*To be tied up: to be busy يكون مشغول
e.g. I am tied up at the moment.
*To turn down: to reject يرفض
* To deal with: to manage يدير
* To wake up: to get up (from sleep) يستيقظ
*To break down: to go out of working order. يتعطل
e.g. His car broke down so he could not go to Medani last night.
*To hold up: to stop, to cancel يؤجل
*To hand in: to give, to submit يسلم
*To put up with: to tolerate, to bear يتحمل
* To make up a story: to invent it يخترع
e.g. She made up this story. (it was not true).
* To come out: to be published or printed يصدر
e.g. A book, magazine or newspaper.
e.g. Has Ali's book come out yet?
*To give up: to surrender يستسلم
e.g. The criminals gave themselves up to the police.
* To give up: to stop يقلع
e.g. You must give up getting up late.
* To get on with: to continue, to go on يستمر في
e.g. Students, get on with your lessons.
* To get on with: to succeed in being friendly with some يخلق صداقة
e.g. I do not get on with careless fellows.
* To run out : to finish ينتهى
* To pass away: to die يموت
* To wipe out: to destroy lang يحطم
* To look up a word in the dictionary: to find its meaning from the dictionary.
. يبحث عن معنى كلمة في القاموس
EXERCISE NO. (26): )25( تمرين رقم
* Complete the following sentences by using suitable phrasal verbs:
1. A. Farah can solve this problem now.
deal B. Farah can ………………………………………….…………….. this problem now.
2. A. Smokers must stop smoking at once.
give B. Smokers must ………………………………………………………. smoking at once.
3. A. Ali's car is without petrol now.
run B. Ali's car has ………………………………………………… of petrol now.
4. A. They decided to join the wedding party last night.
make B. They …………………………………. their minds to join the wedding party last
night.
5. A. We have just rejected Muna's suggestion.
turn B. We have just ……………………………………………… Muna's suggestion.
6. A. Osman accommodated me when I visited London.
put B. Osman ……………………………………………… when I visited London.
7. A. The heavy rain delayed the work in our project.
hold B. The heavy rain ………………………………………………. the work in our
project.
Answers: االجابات
1. deal with 2. give up 3. run out 4. made up
5. turned down 6. put me up 7. help up
EXERCISE NO. (28): )28( تمرين رقم
Put the following words in the place that best suits the meaning:
You can use some of them more than once:
(at, after, in, with, off, between, of, near, for, to, on, out).
1. Parents look ……………………………………………..their children.
2. The room is dark now, if you want to read, you must put ……………….. the light.
3. Careful pupils usually carry…………………………...(do) their duties by themselves.
4. We shall hold a meeting ……………………….. six o'clock, I think.
5. The teachers are sitting .......................... a shady tree at present.
6. I have lost my new pen so I must look ………………………….…. it now.
7. Salih is staying ……………………… his uncle …………………...... Omdurman.
8. It is getting cold, please switch ………………………………. the two fans.
9. Is Athens the capital ............................................. Greece?
10. Farah went ………………… Sami's house and congratulated him ……………………….
his marriage.
11. Yesterday's public lecture continued ……………………........... three hours.
12. Omer is standing ………………………… the board and the desk.
13. Look ………………………. those boys who are the …………………….. school gate.
14. This cup is full ………………. water but you must fill that cup ……………….. milk.
15. Thank you ………………. your letter ……………….. September 10th, which I am
answering now.
االجاباتAnswers
1. after 2. On 3. Out 4. At 5. near
6. for 7. with-in 8. Off 9. Of 10. to-on
11. for 12. between 13. At 14. of- with 15. for – of
Affixes اإلضافات ألول الكلمة او آخرها
* Notes مــلحـــوظــة
*There are two kinds of affixes : هنالك نوعان من هذه اإلضافات
1- prefixes: : إضافات ألول الكلمة-1
* A prefix is a group of letters added to the beginning of a word.
* EXAMPLES :
happy unhappy
like dislike
direct indirect
use misuse
regular irregular
appear disappear
* Notes مــلحـــوظــة
* A prefix may change the meaning of a word to the opposite.
)* ربما يغير معنى الكلمة للمعنى المعاكس (المغاير
* EXAMPLES :
direct indirect غير مباشر
possible impossible مستحيل
correct incorrect غير صحيح
polite impolite غير مهذب
regular irregular غير منتظم
used unused غير مستخدم
* Notes مــلحـــوظــة
* A prefix often gives additional meaning: معنى اضافى
Re (again) Rewrite أعد الكتابة
Pre (before) Prehistory قبل التاريخ
Tele (far) Telephone الصوت الذي يأتي من بعيد
Over (more than) Overdose جرعة زائدة
Over Overcrowded شديد االزدحام
Fore (before) Forecast تنبأ
Pre (before) Preoccupied ً مشغول سلفا
Sub (under) Submarine ) تحت الماء البحرى ( غواصة
Sub Subsoil تربة تحتية
Under (less than) Underage صغير السن
under Undergraduate لم يتخرج بعد
(1) * Notes مــلحـــوظــة
like(verb) → dislike يكره
like(adjective) → unlike غير مماثل
* When "like" is a verb it takes the prefix "dis" but it takes the prefix "un" when
it is an adjective. (see the above examples).
"un" " صفة فإنها تسبق بـlike" " ولكن عندما تكونdis " فعل فإنها تسبق بـlike *عندما تكون
()أنظر األمثلة أعاله
(2) * NOTE : مــلحـــوظــة
When the adjective begins by "p" it usually takes the prefix "im"
: أنظر أدناهim " فإنها تأخذ اإلضافةp" *عندما تبدأ الصفة بالحرف
impossible → Possible مستحيل
Pure → impure غير نقي
Polite → impolite غير مهذب
Proper → improper غير جيد
Patient → impatient عديم الصبر
