Chapter

3 Trigonometric Functions
Shortcuts

 a b c
1. i. sin  = 1  = (4n + 1) v. If = = , then the triangle
2 cos A cosB cosC
ii. cos  = 1   = 2n is equilateral.
 vi. If cos2A + cos2B + cos2C = 1, then the
iii. sin  = 1   = (4n – 1)
2 triangle is right angled.
iv. cos  = –1   = (2n + 1) 3. i. sin A + sin B + sin C is max,

ns
3 when A = B = C
2. i. If cos A + cos B + cos C = , then the ii. cos A + cos B + cos C is max,
2
triangle is equilateral. when A = B = C
iii. tan A + tan B + tan C is min,
3 3

io
ii. If sin A + sin B + sin C = , then the when A = B = C
2
iv. cot A + cot B + cot C is min,
triangle is equilateral.
when A = B = C
iii. If tan A + tan B + tan C = 3 3 , then the

at
triangle is equilateral. 4. tan–1x + tan–1y + tan–1z
iv. If cot A + cot B + cot C = 3 , then the = tan–1  x  y  z  xyz 
triangle is equilateral. 1  xy  yz  zx 
lic
Classical Thinking
ub
3.1 Trigonometric Equations and the solutions  
 2 = 2n     
2 
1
1. (C) cos = and 0 <  < 360  
2   = n    
 cos  =  cos 60 4 2
P

 cos  = cos (180  60) and  

6. (A) tan = cot  tan = tan    
cos  = cos (180 + 60) 2 
 cos  = cos 120 and cos  = cos 240 
et

  = 120 and 240   = n + –

2
2. (D) cosec  + 2 = 0 ….[ tan  = tan    = n + ]
1
 sin  = 
rg

7. (B) tan 3x = 1
2
 
 sin  =  sin 30  tan 3x = tan  3x = n +
4 4
 sin  = sin (180 + 30) and
tan   tan  
sin  = sin (360  30)
Ta

....  
 sin  = sin 210 and sin  = sin 330   n   
  = 210 and  = 330 nπ 
 x= + ,nI
3 12
 
3. (B) tan  = 3  tan    n  8. (A) tan 5 = cot 2
3 3
For  <  < 0,  
 tan 5 = tan   2 
 2 4 2 
Put n = 1, we get  =    

3 3 6  5 = n +  2
2
4. (A)

5. (D) cos 2 = sin  7 = n +
2
  n 
 cos 2 = cos     = 
2   7 14

1
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

9. (C) sin2  + sin  = 2 3.2 Solutions of a triangle
 (sin – 1) (sin + 2) = 0
c2  a 2  b2 1 
 sin  = 1, –2 1. (C) cos B =  cosB   B 
Since, sin  –2 2ac 2 3
 2. (A) (a + b + c) (a – b + c) = 3ac
 sin  = 1 = sin  
2  a2 + 2ac + c2 – b2 = 3ac
  sin   sin    a2 + c2  b2 = ac
  = n + (1)n , n  I ....  n  a 2  c2  b2 1
2    n   1  But cos B    B  60o
2ac 2
cos  sin 
10. (B) cot   tan  = 2   =2 3. (B) Let the angles of the triangle be x, 2x and 3x.
sin  cos  Then, x + 2x + 3x = 180  x = 30
 cos2   sin2  = sin 2  cos 2 = sin 2

ns
 angles of the triangle are 30, 60 and 90.
   a : b : c = sin30: sin60 : sin90
 tan 2 = tan  2 = n +
4 4 1 3
= : :1=1: 3 :2
n  2 2
 = 

io
2 8
4. (C) By sine rule,
11. (A) cot  + tan  = 2 sin A sin B
=

at
1 a b
 + tan  = 2  1 + tan2  = 2 tan 
tan  
2 / 3 sin B

2tan  2 3
 = 1  sin 2 = 1  sin B = 1 = sin 90  B = 90
1  tan 2 

 2 = n + (1)n

lic 5. (B) s  a = 3  b + c  a = 6 ....(i)
2 sc=2a+bc=4 ....(ii)
n  Adding (i) and (ii), we get b = 5
=  (1)n
Since, B = 90o
ub
2 4
 b2 = a2 + c2  a2 + c2 = 25 ….(iii)
1   Solving, we get a = 3, c = 4
12. (C) sin2 = = sin2   = n 
4 6 6
6. (B) We know that,
….[ sin2  = sin2    = n  ]
P

a b c
= = =k
13. (B) 4cos2 x + 6sin2 x = 5 sin A sin B sinC
b c
 4 + 2sin2 x = 5  = c– 2 b = 0 ….(i)
et

1 1
1  
 sin2 x = = sin2  x = n  2 2
2 4 4 By projection rule,
a = b cos C + c cos B
rg

5
14. (C) sec2  + tan2   b 3
3  3 +1= + c
5 2 2
 1 + tan2  + tan2  =  2 ( 3  1 ) = 2 b + 3 c ….(ii)
3
Ta

2 From (i) and (ii), we get

 2 tan2  = 2( 3 +1) = ( 3  1 ) c  c = 2
3
1   7. (B) Let a = 4 cm, b = 5 cm, c = 6 cm
 tan2  = = tan2     = n 
3 6 6 a bc 456 15
s= = =
….[ tan  = tan    = n  ]
2 2 2 2 2
A(ABC) = s (s  a) (s  b) (s  c)
15. (C) tan  + tan 2 + 3 tan  tan 2 = 3 15  15  15  15  15
 tan  + tan 2 = 3 (1  tan  tan 2)
=   4   5   6  = 4 7
2 2  2  2 
tan   tan 2 
 = 3  tan 3 = tan sin B sin B b
1  tan  tan 2 3 8. (B) = =
sin (A  B) sinC c
 
 3 = n  +   = (3n + 1) ….[ A + B + C = , A + B =  – C]
3 9

2
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

9. (A) 2s = a + b + c = 16 + 24 + 20 = 60  s = 30  3 –1  1 
6. (D) sin–1   – sin   = 60 – 30 = 30
B s s  b  30  6 3  2  2
 cos =  =
2 ac 320 4
1
ABC   2B 7. (B) sin1 = tan1 x
10. (B) 2ac sin = 2ac sin 2
2 2  
= 2ac cos B  = tan1x  tan  x
6 6
c2  a 2  b 2 1
= 2ac x=
2ca
3
….[By cosine rule]
= c2 + a2  b2 3
8. (B) Let  = sin–1  
a  b  c 12 5

ns
11. (A) s = = =6
 3 
2 2  sin  2sin 1    = sin 2
B (s  c)(s  a) 23 1  5  
sin = = =
2 ca 12 2 = 2sin  cos 
 3   3 
= 2sin  sin 1    cos  sin 1   

io
B s(s  b) 6 1 1
cos= = =
2 ca 12 2  5   5   
B B 2 2
 sin + cos = = 2 3 3
=2 1    ….[cos (sin–1x) = 1 x2 ]

at
2 2 2 5 5
A C 3 4 24
sin
2
sin
2 = ac(s  b)(s  c)(s  b)(s  a) =2  =
12. (B) 5 5 25
sin
B
lic
(s  a)(s  c)bc  ab
 2 
9. (A) sin  3sin 1    = sin 3,
2
sb  5  
=
b 2   2 2
Where  = sin–1   ...   sin 1   , sin   
ub
But a, b and c are in A. P.  2b = a + c 5  
5   5
 2b + b = a + b + c
= 3sin   4sin  3
3b
 3b = 2s  s = 2
3
2
= 3   – 4   ...[ = sin–1   , sin  = ]
2 2
2
5 5 5 5
P

3b
sb b 1 6 32 118
 = 2 = = – =
b b 2 5 125 125
et

13. (C) By Napier’s analogy, we have 10. (A) cos–1 (cos12) – sin–1 (sin 14) = 12  14 = 2
BC bc A bc
tan = cot x= 3    

2 bc 2 bc 11. (B) tan–1  tan  = tan–1  tan     
 4    4 
A B a b
rg

C
14. (B) tan = cot  
2 ab 2 = tan–1   tan 
a b  AB  4 
= tan  
ab  2   π
Ta

= – tan–1  tan 
....  A  B  C     4
AB AB a b 
 tan cot = =
2 2 ab 4

3.3 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 12. (D) If x = sec , then x2  1 = sec2   1 = tan 
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (B) 1
 cot–1 = cot–1 (cot ) =  = sec–1 x
 2 x +1  x 12

5. (B) sin1   is defined for

 3 
13. (B) cot 1   3  =   cot1  3 
2 x +1
1  1  5
3 = =
6 6
 –3 ≤ 2x + 1 ≤ 3  –4 ≤ 2x ≤ 2
2x1 14. (C)
3
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 1   1 
15. (D) sin   sin 1     = sin   sin 1   
1 2
1 
–1 2
3  2  3  2  21. (C) tan –1
+ tan = tan –1 2 11
2 11 1 2
   1 
= sin    = sin = 1 2 11
3 6 2 15 3
= tan–1 = tan–1
16. (B) 20 4
22. (C) tan–1 x – tan–1 y = tan–1 A
 5  –1  5  
17. (A) cos–1  cos 3  + sin cos 3  =  x y 
    2  tan–1  –1
 = tan A
 1  xy 
 
....  sin 1 x + cos 1 x =  x y
 2 A=
1  xy
 1   1  1  


ns
18. (B) cos cos 1    sin    = cos =0 3
23. (D) sin–1   + sin–1  
 8
  
7  
7 2 5  17 
 2 2 
   = sin–1  1     3
y =   tan 1 x  +   tan 1 y 
3 8 8
–1
19. (B) cot x + cot –1
1   
5    5  

io
2   2  
17 17
 
....  tan –1 x  cot –1 x   … sin 1 x+ sin 1 y = sin 1 x 1  y 2  y 1  x2 
 2

at
=  – (tan–1 x + tan–1 y)  3 15 8 4  77 
= sin–1      = sin–1  
4   5 17 17 5   85 
= =
5 5 3 4
24. (B) cos–1 – sin–1 = cos–1 x
20. (B) tan ( 3 )  cot (– 3 )
–1 –1
lic 5
3
5
16
= tan–1 3 –    cot 1 3   cos–1 – cos–1 1  = cos–1x
  5 25
3
3 –
–1 –1
= tan 3 + cot 3
 cos–1 5 – cos–1 = cos–1 x
ub
 5
= –  cos–1 x = 0  x = 1
2

=–
2
P

Critical Thinking
3.1 Trigonometric equations and the solutions         
 sin      1  sin       
et

 6 2 2 6 3
1 1
1. (D) tan  + = 0  tan   
3 3 tan   tan 
4. (B) (1  tan ) (1  tan )  2  =1
 tan  = tan 30 1  tan  tan 
rg

 tan  = tan (180  30) and 

tan  = tan (360  30)  tan( + ) = 1   +  = = 45
4
 tan  = tan 150 and tan  = tan 330
Ta

  = 150 and 330 5. (B) (2 cos x  1) (3 + 2 cos x) = 0

1  3 
2. (A) cos  = 1  2x2  cos x  ...  cos x  
2  2
 cos  = 1 – 2 cos2 40 ….[ cos 40 = x]

= – (2 cos2 40 – 1)  x = 2n 
3
= – cos (2  40) = – cos80
 5
 cos = cos(180 + 80) = cos260o x = , in [0, 2]
3 3
and cos = cos (180 – 80) = cos100o
  = 100 and 260° 1  
6. (B) tan  =  = tan     ,
3. (A) cos  + 3 sin  = 2 3  6

1 1  
 cos  +
3
sin  = 1 sin  = = sin    
2 2 2  6

4
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

 
and cos  = 
3 
= cos      cos  x   = – 1 = cos 
2  6  4
 5 
 principal value of  =  – = x+ = 2n  
6 6 4
3 5
1 2  x = 2n + or 2n –
7. (C) cot + tan = 2 cosec  = 4 4
sin  cos  sin 
1 
   13. (C) We have, sec  + tan  = 3 ….(i)
 cos = = cos     = 2n  1
2 3 3  sec   tan  = ....(ii)
3
  ….[ sec2  – tan2  = 1]
8. (B) tan  + tan     = 2
2  By solving (i) and (ii), we get

ns
 tan  +
1
= 2  tan2  – 2tan  + 1 = 0 1 1  1
tan  =  3  =
tan  2 3 3
  
 tan  = 1 = tan   = n +  tan  = tan  

io
4 4 6
1    
9. (D) sin  = – = sin   = sin  
  = n +
2 6  6 6

at
 7
1     = and in [0, 2]
tan = = tan   = tan   6 6
3 6  6
Hence, there are two solutions.
 
  =  
 6
lic 
14. (D) cot  + cot     = 2

7 4 
Hence, general value of  is 2n + .  
6 cos    
cos  4  2
 
ub
1 sin   
10. (C) cos x – sin x = sin    
2 4 
Dividing both sides by 2 , we get    
 sin   2  = 2sin  sin    
1 1 1 4  4 
P

cosx – sin x =
2 2 2      
= cos       – cos     
     4   4 
 cos   x  = cos  + x = 2n 
4  3 4 3       
et

 sin   2  = cos   – cos  2  

   4   4   4
 x = 2n + – = 2n +
 
 sin   2   cos   2  
3 4 12 1
   4  4  2
rg

or x = 2n – – = 2n –
3 4 12  1 1 
  cos 2 sin 2 
 2 2 
11. (C) 1 + cot  = cosec 
cos   1 1  1
Ta

1 + cos 2 sin 2  =

 =1+  sin  + cos  = 1  2 2  2
sin sin 

 cos 2   cos  
2 1 1
Dividing both sides by 2 , we get  cos 2 =
  
2 2 2 3
sin  sin + cos  cos = cos  
4 4 4  2  2n     n 
   3 6
  
 cos     = cos – = 2n 
 4 4 4 4 1
15. (B) sin2 x  2cos x + =0
 4
  = 2n or  = 2n + 1
2  1  cos2 x  2cos x + =0
4
12. (B) sin x  cos x = 2 Putting cos x = t, we get
1 1 1
 sin x. – cos x. =1 1 – t2  2t + = 0  4t2 + 8t  5 = 0
2 2 4
5
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

1 5 21. (C) tan  + tan 2 + tan  . tan 2 = 1
 t= or t = –
2 2  tan  + tan 2 = 1  tan  . tan 2
5 tan  tan 2
Since, cos x   =1
2 1  tan .tan 2
1    tan( + 2) = 1
 cos x = = cos  x = 2n 
2 3 3 
 tan(3) = 1 = tan
16. (A) 4 sin  + 2( 3 +1) cos = 4 + 3
2 4
 n 
 4 – 4cos2  + 2( 3 +1) cos = 4 + 3  3 = n + = +
4 3 12
 4cos2 – 2( 3 + 1) cos + 3 = 0
2( 3  1)  4( 3  1) 2  16 3 22. (C) 2tan2  = sec2   2tan2  = tan2  + 1
 cos  =
 

ns
8
 tan2  = 1 = tan2     = n 
3 1 4 4
 cos = or
2 2
23. (D) tan  tan 2 = 1
 
  = 2n  or 2n  2tan 

io
6 3  tan  =1
1  tan 2 
17. (C) cos 7 = cos   sin 4  2 tan2  = 1 – tan2 
 sin4 = cos – cos7  3tan2  = 1

at
 sin4 = 2 sin (4) sin (3) 1 
 sin 4 = 0  4 = n or  tan2  = = tan2  
3 6
1 
= sin  
sin 3 = 
2 6
lic   = n 
6

 3 = n + (–1)n 24. (B) sin3 = 4sin  sin (x + ) sin (x – )
6
n n   sin3 = 4sin  (sin2 x cos2   cos2 x sin2 )
ub
 = , + (–1)n  3sin  – 4sin3  = 4sin  (sin2 x – sin2 )
4 3 18

 sin2 x =    sin2 x = sin2
3
1  tan 2  1 1
18. (A) =  cos2  – sin2  = 4  3
sec2  2 2

P

1   x = n 
 cos 2 = = cos   3
2 3
  25. (C) (cos  + cos 7) + (cos 3 + cos 5) = 0
 2 = 2n    = n 
et

3 6  2 cos 4 cos 3 + 2 cos 4 cos  = 0

tan 3  1
 2 cos 4 (cos 3 + cos ) = 0
19. (B)  3  4 cos 4 cos 2 cos  = 0
tan3  1
rg

sin 23 
 4 =0
tan 3  tan   23 sin 
 4 = 3
  cosAcos 2Acos 22 Acos 23 A....cos 2n 1A 
1  tan 3 tan  
….  
Ta

4 sin 2n A
 n 
    2 sin A 
 tan  3   = tan
 4 3  sin 8 = 0
  7  8 = n
 3  = n +  3 = n +
4 3 12 n
n 7
 
=  8
3 36
3
20. (B) 3 tan 2 + 3 tan 3 + tan 2 tan 3 = 1 26. (A) sin (A + B) = 1 and cos (A – B) =
2
tan 2  tan3 1   
 =  tan5 = tan A+B= and A – B =
1  tan 2 tan3 3 6 2 6
  1   
 5 = n + = n   A= ,B=
6  6 5 3 6

6
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

27. (B) r sin  = 3, 31. (D) No solution as | sin x |  1, |cos x |  1 and both
r = 4 (1 + sin ) of them do not attain their maximum value for
Eliminating r, we get the same angle.
3 32. (A) sin x + sin y + sin z = 3 is satisfied only when
= 4 + 4 sin 
sin  3
x=y=z= , for x, y, z  [0, 2].
1 3 2
 sin = , –
2 2  option (A) is the correct answer.
1  3 
 sin = ....  sin    33. (A) tan ( cos ) = cot ( sin )
2  2 
  5  tan ( cos ) = tan  
  sin  
  = , – = in [0, 2] 2 
6 6 6 
  cos  = –  sin 

ns
2 2
28. (A) 2cos x + 3 sinx – 3 = 0
 2 – 2sin2 x + 3sin x – 3 = 0  sin  + cos  =
1
 (2 sinx – 1) (sin x – 1) = 0 2

io
1 1 1
1
 sin x =
or sin x = 1  sin  + cos  =
2 2 2 2 2
 5    1
x= , , i.e., 30, 150, 90.  cos  cos + sin  sin =

at
6 6 2 4 4 2 2

 cos     =
1
29. (C) cos2 x – 2 cos x = 4 sin x – sin 2x  4  2 2
 cos2 x – 2 cos x = 4 sin x – 2 sin x cos x
lic
 cos x (cos x – 2) = 2 sin x (2 – cos x) 34. (D) cos2  + sin + 1 = 0
 1 – sin2 + sin + 1 = 0
 cos x(cos x – 2) – 2 sin x (2 – cos x) = 0
 cos x(cos x – 2) + 2 sin x (cos x – 2) = 0  sin2 – sin – 2 = 0
 (sin + 1) (sin  – 2) = 0
 (cos x – 2)(cos x + 2 sin x) = 0
ub
 sin  = 2, which is not possible and
 cos x + 2 sin x = 0 ….[ cos x ≠ 2] 3
sin = –1 = sin
 cos x = – 2 sin x 2
1 Therefore, solution of the given equation lies
 tan x =  = tan  (say)
P

2  5 7  
in the interval  ,  .
 x = n +   4 4 
 1    
 x = n + t an 1    , n  I
et

 
2 35. (A) sin  cot   = cos  tan  
4  4 
Since, 0 ≤ x ≤  
   
 sin  cot   = sin   tan  
 1 4
 2 4 
 x =  + t an   
1
rg

 2   
 cot  =  tan 
30. (B) sin + cos = 1 4 2 4
 tan  + cot  = 2
Ta

Dividing both sides by 12  12 = 2 , we get

sin  cos 
1 1 1   2
sin   cos   cos  sin 
2 2 2 1
  1  =2
 sin  cos + cos  sin = sin  cos 
4 4 2  sin 2 = 1
  1  
 sin     = = sin  2 = (4n + 1) …[Using Shortcut 1(i)]
 4  2 4 2

….[ sin (A+B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B]   = n +
4
 
+ = n + (–1)n
4 4 36. (C) 2 3 cos  = tan 
n    2 3 cos2  = sin 
  = n + (–1) –
4 4  2 3 sin2  + sin  – 2 3 = 0
7
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

1  7 8 40. (A) sin 2x + sin 4x = 2 sin 3x
 sin  =  sin  = ,
4 3 4 3  2 sin 3x cos x  2 sin 3x = 0
which is not possible  sin 3x = 0 or cos x = 1 3x = n or x = 2n
 n
and sin  =
6
=
3
= sin x= or x = 2n
4 3 2 3 3
 41. (A) Let 3 + 1 = r cos  and 3 – 1 = r sin .
  = n + (–1)n
3
   
2 2
Then r = 3 1  3 1 =2 2
2 sin 
37. (C) 2 sec + tan = 1  + =1  1 
cos cos  1 
3 1 
 sin  – cos  = – 2  3  
tan  = = = tan   
3 1  1  4 6
1 1 1 

ns
 cos  – sin = 1 
 3
2 2

  =
 cos     = cos (0) 12
 4 
The given equation reduces to

io
 
+ = 2n  0   = 2n – 2 2 cos ( – ) = 2
4 4 
 
 cos   
 = cos
 12 

at
38. (B) sin x – 3 sin 2x + sin 3x 4
= cos x – 3 cos 2x + cos 3x    
 (sin x + sin 3x) – 3 sin 2x – (cos x + cos 3x) – = 2n    = 2n  +
12 4 4 12
+ 3cos 2x = 0
 2 sin 2x cos x – 3 sin 2x – 2 cos 2x cos x
lic 42. (A) sec   cosec  =
4
+ 3 cos 2x = 0 3
 sin 2x(2 cos x – 3) – cos 2x(2 cos x – 3) = 0  3(sin  – cos ) = 4 sin  cos 
 (sin 2x – cos 2x)(2 cos x – 3) = 0  3(sin  – cos ) = 2 sin 2
ub
 3 Squaring on both sides, we get 9(1 – s) = 4s2,
 cos 2x = sin 2x …  cos x   where s = sin2
 2
 4s2 + 9s – 9 = 0
 
 cos 2x = cos   2 x  3
 (s + 3) (4s – 3) = 0  s =
P

2 
4
  ….[ sin 2  –3]
 2x = 2n ±   2 x 
2 
3
et

Neglecting (–) sign, we get  sin2 = = sin 

n  4
x=   2 = n + (–1)n 
2 8
1   3 
rg

39. (C) sec 4 – sec 2 = 2 =  n  (1)n sin 1   

2   4 
1 1
 – =2
cos 4 cos 2 1 1  tan 2 
43. (B) Using sec 2 = = , we can
Ta

 cos 2 – cos 4 = 2cos 4 cos 2 cos2 1  tan 2 

 cos 2 – cos 4 = cos 6 + cos 2 write the given equation as
1  tan 2 
...[ 2 cosA cosB = cos (A + B) + cos (A – B)] tan2 + =1
1  tan 2 
 cos 6 + cos 4 = 0
 tan2  (1 – tan2) + 1 + tan2  = 1 – tan2 
 2cos 5 cos  = 0
 3tan2  – tan4  = 0
 CD   C  D 
…  cos C  cos D  2cos   cos    tan2  (3 – tan2 ) = 0
  2   2   tan  = 0 or tan2  = 3
 cos  = 0 or cos 5 = 0 
   tan  = 0 or tan2  = tan2
  = (2n + 1) or 5 = (2n + 1) 3
2 2 
 n 
  = m or  = n  ,
  = n + or  =  3
2 5 10 where m and n are integers.

8
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

4 But cos  – 2 ≠ 0
44. (B) sec2  =
3  2 cos  + 1 = 0
2 1
3  3  cos  = –
 cos     
2
2
4  2 
2
 cos  = cos
 3
 cos2  = cos2  
6 2
  = 2n ±
 3
  = n ±
6 47. (A) cos x = |sin x|
…[ cos2  = cos2    = n  ]  ± cos x = sin x
 tan x = ± 1
 

ns
 1  As cos x is positive,
45. (B) cos 2 = 2  1  cos  
 2 π
x = 2n ± , n Z
4
2 1
 2 cos2  1 = ( 2 cos  1)
2 48. (A) sin 6 + sin 4 + sin 2 = 0

io
2 1  sin 6 + sin 2 + sin 4 = 0
 2 cos2  – 1 – ( 2 cos  – 1) = 0  2 sin 4 cos 2 + sin 4 = 0
2
 sin 4 (2 cos 2 + 1) = 0

at
  
 ( 2 cos  1)  2 cos   1   2  1  = 0  sin 4 = 0 or 2 cos 2 + 1 = 0
 
  2   1
 4 = n or cos 2 =
2 1 2
 2 cos  – 1 = 0 or 2 cos  + 1 =
lic 2 =
n
4
or cos 2 = – cos

3
2 1 2
 2 cos  = 1 or 2 cos  =  
2 cos 2 = cos    
 
3
ub
1 1
 cos  = or 2 cos = 2
2 2 cos 2 = cos
3
1 1
 cos  = or cos  = 2
2 2 2 = 2n 
3
P

1  1 
 cos  = …  cos     = n 
2  2 3

49. (B) cot  = sin 2, (  n)
et

 cos  = cos
4 cos 

 = 2 sin  cos 
  = 2n  sin 
4  2 sin2  cos  = cos 
rg

 cos  (2 sin2  – 1) = 0
1
46. (C) cos 2 = 1
3  cos  = 0 or sin2  =
2
Ta

1  tan 2  1
 = 
1  tan 2  3  cos  = 0 or sin2  = sin2  
4
 3 – 3 tan2  = 1 + tan2   2 = 4 tan2   
1   = (2n + 1) or  = n 
 tan  =
2 2 4
2   = 90 and 45
1  at   90 and 45, 
 tan8  = … 
16  thegiven equation is satisfied.
Now, 32 tan8  = 2 cos2   3 cos 
50. (B) 2sin2 = 3cos
1
 32   = 2 cos2  – 3 cos   2 – 2cos2  = 3 cos
 16   2cos2  + 3 cos  – 2 = 0
 2 cos2  – 3 cos  – 2 = 0 3  9  16 3  5
 cos  = =
 (2 cos  + 1)(cos  – 2) = 0 4 4
9
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

Neglecting (–) sign, we get 1  
and cos 3 =  3 =   =
 
cos  = = cos     = 2n 
1 2 3 9
2 3 3 Hence, option (A) is the correct answer.
 5
The values of  between 0 and 2 are , . 55. (A) cos 3 = sin 2
3 3
 
 cos 3 = cos   2 
 2 
51. (D) 5 cos2 + 2cos2 + 1 = 0
2  
 5(2 cos2  – 1) + (1 + cos ) + 1 = 0  3 = 2n    2 
2 
 10 cos2  + cos – 3 = 0
2n    
 (5 cos + 3) (2 cos – 1) = 0 =   
1 3
3 6 3 
 cos  =

ns
, cos = – 2n  
2 5 =  or  = 2n 
  
3 5 10 2
  = ,  – cos–1   Since,  is acute
3 5


io
52. (A) 2sin2 + 3 cos  + 1 = 0 = = 18
10
 2 – 2cos2  + 3 cos  + 1 = 0  5  1
5 1
 2 cos2  – 3 cos  – 3 = 0  sin  = …  sin 18  

at
4  4 
3  3  24 3(1  3)  1
 cos = = = 3  
4 4  2 56. (C) cos 2 = sin   1  2 sin2 = sin 
5  2 sin2 + sin   1 = 0
=
6
lic  (2 sin   1) (sin  + 1) = 0
1
53. (B) 2sin2 x + sin2 2x = 2  sin  = or sin  = 1
2
 (1  cos 2x) + (1  cos2 2x) = 2
ub
1  
….[sin2  + cos2  = 1  sin  = = sin   = n + (1)n
2 6 6
and 2sin2  = 1  cos 2]
3
 cos 2x (cos 2x + 1) = 0 and sin  = 1 = sin
2
 cos 2x = 0 or cos 2x =  1
P

3
   = m + (1)m
 2x = (2n + 1) or (2n + 1)  2
2
   5 3
 =
et

 x = (2n + 1) or (2n + 1) , ,
4 2 6 6 2
Putting n =  2,  1, 0, 1, 2, we get  number of solutions = 3
3   3 
rg

x= , , , , 57. (D) a sin x + b cos x = c

4 4 4 4 4 a b c
3   3   sin x  cos x 
and , , , , a b
2 2
a b2 2
a  b2
2

2 2 2 2 2
Ta

c
Since,   < x <   cos  sin x + sin  cos x =
a  b2
2
  3
 x=± ,± ,± c
4 2 4  sin ( x  )   1 , which is not
 option (B) is the correct answer. a  b2
2

possible.
54. (A) sin7 = sin 4 – sin  there is no solution.
 sin7 + sin  – sin 4 = 0
 2sin 4 cos 3 – sin 4 = 0 58. (A) 2 sin2  = 4 + 3cos 
 sin 4 (2 cos 3 – 1) = 0  2  2cos2  = 4 + 3 cos 
1  2cos2  + 3cos  + 2 = 0
 sin 4 = 0 or cos 3 =
2 3  9  16
 cos   ,
 4
Now, sin 4 = 0  4 =    =
4 which are imaginary, hence no solution.

10
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

59. (D) tan  = cot 5   
 2 cos  x   cos (cos x – 1) = 0
 tan  – cot 5 = 0  6 6
sin  cos 5 
 – =0 
cos  sin 5  cos  x   (cos x – 1) = 0
 6 
 cos 5 cos  – sin 5 sin  = 0 

 cos (5 + ) = 0  cos  x   = 0 or cos x = 1
 6 

 cos 6 = 0 = cos  
2 x+ = (2n + 1) or x = 2n
 6 2
 6 = 2n   
2 x+ = ± or x = 0
 3 5 6 2
 6 = ± ,± ,  2
2 2 2 x= ,

ns
,0
  5 3 3
=± ,± ,      
12 4 12  x = 0, …  x    ,  
and sin 2 = cos 4 3   2 2 
 sin 2 = 1 – 2 sin2 2  number of solutions = 2.

io
 2 sin2 2 + sin 2 – 1 = 0 61. (B) cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x + cos 4x = 0
 (2 sin 2 – 1)(sin 2 + 1) = 0  cos x + cos 4x + cos 2x + cos 3x = 0

at
1
 sin 2 = or sin 2 = –1 5x 3x 5x x
2  2cos  cos  2cos  cos = 0
2 2 2 2

 sin 2 = sin   or sin 2 = – 1 5x  3x x
6  cos  cos  cos  = 0

 2 = n + (– 1)n

or 2 = (4n – 1)

lic 2 
5x
2 2
x
6 2  cos .2cos x .cos = 0
2 2
 5 
 2 = , or 2 = –  
 x = (2n + 1) , (2k + 1) or (2m + 1) 
ub
6 6 2
5 2
 5 
= , or  = –  3 7 9  3
12 12 4  x = , , , , , , in 0  x < 2
  5 5 5 5 5 2 2
 the common values of  are – , and .
P

4 12 12 62. (C)  7 2  52  (7cos x +5sin x)  7 2  52

Hence, there are 3 values of  satisfying the   74  (7cos x +5sin x)  74
given equation.
  8.6  2k + 1  8.6
  4.8  2k  3.8
et

    
60. (C) cos2  x   + cos2 x – 2cos  x   cos  
 6  6 6 Integral values of k are  4,  3,  2,  1, 0, 1, 2,3
 Number of integral values of k = 8
= sin2
rg

6      1

63. (A) 8 cos x cos   x   cos   x    = 1
2  2 2   6  6  2
 cos  x   +  cos x – sin 
 6  6

 8 cos x  cos 2  sin 2 x   = 1
1
  
Ta

– 2cos  x   cos   = 0  6 2
 6 6
 8 cos x   sin 2 x   = 1
3 1
      4 2
 cos2  x   + cos  x   cos  x  
 6  6   6  
 8 cos x   1  cos 2 x   = 1
1
    4 
– 2 cos  x   cos = 0
 6 6  2 (4 cos x – 3 cos x) = 1
3

        2 cos 3x = 1
 cos  x   cos  x    cos  x  
 6   6  6 1
 cos 3x =
 2
 2 cos  = 0
6 
 cos 3x = cos
    3

 cos  x   2 cos x cos  2cos  = 0 2n  
 6  6 6 x= 
3 9
11
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 5 7  b is the largest side. Therefore, the largest
x= , , …[ x  [0, ]]
9 9 9 angle B is given by
 5 7 13 a 2  c2  b 2 1  1  3 1
Sum = + + = cos B =    = cos 120o
9 9 9 9 2ac 2.1.1 2
13  B = 120
k=
9
7. (B) Largest side is p2  pq  q 2 . If largest angle
3.2 Solutions of a triangle is , then
p 2  q 2  p 2  pq  q 2 1  2 
1. (C) Let a = 3, b = 5, c = 7 cos  = = – = cos  
2pq 2  3 
a 2  b2  c2 9  25  49 15 1
cos C = =  =– 2
2ab 2  3 5 30 2 =
3

ns
2
 C =
3 81  64  x 2 2 145  x 2
8. (D) cosC   
2.9.8 3 144
32  52  72  x 2  49  x  7
2. (B) cos C =

io
2  3 5
1 sin(A  B) sin AcosB  sin BcosA
 cos C =  9. (A) =
2 sin(A  B) sinC

at
 C = 120 a b
=
cos B – cos A
 option (B) is the correct answer. c c
a c b
2 2 2
b2  c2  a 2
sin B 2(c2  b2  a 2 ) b But cos B = , cos A =
3. (C) 2 cos A =
sin C

2bc
lic

c

sin(A  B) 1
2ac 2bc

= 2 (a2 + c2 – b2 – b2 – c2 + a2)
 c2 = a2  c = a sin(A  B) 2c

b2  c2  a 2 9  16  4 7 a 2  b2
=
ub
4. (C) cosA  = = c2
2bc 2  3 4 8
7 10. (A) We know that,
 A = cos–1  
8 a
=
b
=
c
=k
sin A sin B sinC
P

bc ca a b 3 c
5. (B) Let   k 
2
= = =k
11 12 13 2 sin B sinC
 b + c = 11k ….(i) 3 A
et

c + a = 12k ….(ii) k=3

and a + b = 13k ….(iii) 3
 =3 3
From (i) + (ii) + (iii), 2(a + b + c) = 36k sin B
rg

 a + b + c = 18 k ….(iv)  sin B = 1
Now, (iv) – (i) gives, a = 7k  B = 90 B 2 C
(iv) – (ii) gives, b = 6k Hence, the triangle is a right angled triangle.
(iv) – (iii) gives, c = 5k From the figure,
Ta

Now, BC 2
cos C = =
a b c
2 2
(7k)  (6k)  (5k)
2 2 2 2 AC 3
cos C = 
2ab 2  (7k)  (6k) 11. (D) Since the angles are in A.P., therefore B = 60
49k 2  36k 2  25k 2 60k 2 5 By sine rule,
= 2
= =
84k 84k 2 7 b sin B 3 3
=  =  C = 45
c sinC 2 2sin C
6. (D) We have, b = 3 , c = 1, A = 30  A = 180 – 60 – 45 = 75
b2  c2  a 2
cos A = 12. (B) B = 60, C = 75
2bc
A = 180 – 60 – 75 = 45
3 ( 3) 2  12  a 2
  By sine rule,
2 2. 3.1 b a b 2
=  = b= 6
 a = 1, b = 3 , c = 1 sin B sin A sin60 sin 45o
o

12
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

1 1 3 18. (A) Let the angles of the triangle be 4x, x and x.
13. (B)  
a c bc a bc  4x + x + x = 180  6x = 180  x = 30
a  b  2c 3 sin120o sin30o sin30o
 =  
(a  c)(b  c) a  b  c a b c
 a : (a + b + c)
 (a + b + 2c) (a + b + c) = 3(a + c) (b + c)
= (sin 120) : (sin 120 + sin 30 + sin 30)
 a2 + b2 – c2 = ab
3 32
a 2  b2  c2 ab 1 = :  3: 32
 cos C = = = = cos 60o 2 2
2ab 2ab 2
BC BC BC
 C = 60o cos sin cos
19. (B) 2 = 2 2
14. (B) a2 cos2A  b2  c2 = 0 A BC A
sin sin sin
2 2 2

ns
b 2  c2
 cos2A = BC BC
a2 2sin cos
= 2 2
Since, cos2A ≤ 1 i.e., cos2A < 1  A A
2sin    sin
b 2  c2 2 2 2
 < 1  b2 + c2  a2 < 0

io
a2 sin B  sinC bc
= =
b2  c2  a 2 sin A a
  0 ….[ 2bc > 0]
2bc b  c sin B  sinC

at
20. (C) =
  a sin A
 cos A < 0  A   ,  
2  BC BC
2sin cos
= 2 2
15. (A) According to the given condition,
6(sin A  sin B  sin C)
lic A
2sin cos
2
A
2
a+b+c=
3 BC BC
sin   cos  
 k (sin A + sin B + sin C) =  2   2 
ub
BC A
= 2 (sin A + sin B + sin C) cos   cos
 2  2
a b c
where k = = = BC
sin A sin B sin C sin
= 2
k=2 ….[ sin A + sin B + sin C  0] A
P

cos
1 2
a
 = 2  sin A = .…[ a  1 ] A BC
sin A 2  (b – c) cos = a sin
2 2

et

A= 1  cos Ccos (A  B) 1  cos (A  B)cos (A  B)

6 21. (D) =
A C B 1  cos (A  C)cos B 1  cos (A  C)cos (A  C)
16. (A) sin .sin  sin 1
rg

2 2 2 1  (cos 2A  cos 2B)

= 2
(s  b)(s  c) (s  a)(s  b) (s  a)(s  c)
  = 1
1  (cos 2A  cos 2C)
bc ab ac 2
(s  b) (s  a)(s  c) (s  a)(s  c)
Ta

1
 = 1  (1  2sin 2 A  1  2sin 2 B)
b ac ac = 2
1
 s  b = b  s = 2b 1  (1  2sin 2 A  1  2sin 2 C)
2
17. (C) Let x be the common multiple. sin 2 A  sin 2 B a 2  b2
= =
 A + B + C = 12x = 180  x = 15 sin 2 A  sin 2 C a 2  c2
 A = 45, B = 75, C = 60 22. (A) Since A, B and C are in A.P., therefore
a

b

c
k   A  B  C  180o 
sin 45 sin75 sin 60o
o o B = 60 ….  
 A  C  2B  B  60 
o

1 3 1 3
 a= k, b  k, c  k Since sides a, b and c are in G.P., therefore
2 2 2 2 b2 = ac
33 3 a 2  c2  b2
 a+b+ c 2  3b cos B =
2 2 2ac
13
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

1 a 2  c2  b2 ac sin A  sin C
 = , ….[ b2 = ac] 27. (B) =
2 2b2 b sin B
 b2 = a2 + c2 – b2 AC AC
2sin   cos  
 a2 + c2 = 2b2  2   2 
=
 a2, b2, c2 are in A.P. sin B
C A 3b 2sin B AC
23. (A) a cos2 + c cos2 = = cos   ….[ 2B = A + C]
2 2 2 sin B  2 
s(s  c) s(s  a) 3b AC
 a +c = = 2 cos  
ab bc 2  2 
 2s(s  c + s  a) = 3b2
 2s(b) = 3b2  2s = 3b  a + b + c = 3b 28. (B)
cos A
+
cos B
+
cos C

ns
 a + c = 2b  a, b, c are in A.P. a b c
b  c  a  a  c  b2  a 2  b2  c2
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 =
24. (C) , , are in A. P. 2abc
A B C
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 a b c
2 2 2
2 2 2

io
=
1 1 1 1 2abc
 – = –
2 C 2 B 2 B A
sin sin sin sin 2 C C
2 2 2 2 29. (C) (a2 + b2  2ab) cos2 + (a2 + b2 + 2ab) sin2

at
ab ac 2 2
 –  C C
(s  a)(s  b) (s  a)(s  c) = (a2 + b2 )  cos2  sin 2 
ac
lic bc  2 2
= –  C
(s  a)(s  c) (s  b)(s  c) C
– 2ab  cos2  sin 2 
 2 2
a   b(s  c)  c(s  b) 
    = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C
 a   (s  b)(s  c) 
s 
= a2 + b2  (a2 + b2  c2) = c2
ub
=  c   a(s  b)  b(s  a) 
   
 s  c   (s  a)(s  b)  A B A B
A B cos 2 cos 2  sin 2 sin 2
 abs – abc – acs + abc = acs – abc – bcs + abc 30. (A) 1 – tan tan =
A B
2 2
 ab – ac = ac – bc  ab + bc = 2ac cos cos
2 2
P

1 1 2
 + =  a,b,c are in H. P.  A B
cos   
c a b
=  2 2
sin A sin AcosB  cosAsin B A
cos cos
B

et

25. (A) 2 2
sinC sin BcosC  cosBsinC
C
a a cosB  bcosA sin
  2
c bcosC  ccosB =
A B
rg

 ab cos C  ac cos B = ac cos B  bc cos A cos cos

2 2
 ab cos C + bc cos A = 2ac cos B 1/ 2
 (s  a)(s  b)bc.ac 
a 2  b2  c2 b2  c2  a 2 c2  a 2  b2 = 
    ab.s(s  a)s(s  b) 
Ta

2 2 1
c 2c
c 2
 a 2
= =
 b2 = c2 + a2  b2  b2 = s abc
2
 a2, b2, c2 are in A.P. sin B b2  c2  a 2 b
31. (B) cos A =  =
26. (B) A, B, C are in A. P. then angle B = 60, 2sinC 2bc 2c
 A  B  C  180o   b2 + c2 – a2 – b2 = 0  c2 = a2
….  o  c = a  Triangle is isosceles
 A  C  2B  B  60 
a 2  c2  b2 32. (B) We have, b + c = 2a ….(i)
 cos B = ,
b c a  b  c   2bc  a 2
2 2 2 2
2ac cos60  =
1 a 2  c2  b2 2bc 2bc
 =  a2 + c2 – b2 = ac
2 2ac 1 4a  2bc  a 2
2
1 3a 2
    1
 b2 = a2 + c2 – ac 2 2bc 2 2bc

14
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

3 3a 2 36. (C) a = sin , b = cos  and c = 1  sin  cos 
 
2 2bc Since 1  sin  cos  is greater than sin and
 bc = a 2
….(ii) cos .
From (i) and (ii), we get  C is the greatest angle,
b+c=2 b c a 2  b 2  c2
 cos C =
  2ab
2
 b c =0b=c
sin 2   cos2   (1  sin  cos )
From (i), a = b = c =
2sin  cos 
  ABC is equilateral. 1
=  = cos 120
2
ab
33. (C) sin A sin B =  C = 120

ns
c2

 sin A sin B =
(k sin A)(k sin B) s  s  a   s  b  s  c 
37. (B) 
k 2 sin 2 C bc bc
 sin2 C = 1  sin C = 1 …[ sin C  1] A A 2A

io
= cos2  sin2 = cos = cos A
2 2 2
 C = 90
 ABC is right angled. C (s  a)(s  b)

at
38. (A) tan = =1
2 s(s  c)
sin A sin B sin C
34. (B)   C C
a b c  tan = tan 45o  = 45o
2 2
According to the given condition,
In  ABC, a = 2b and
lic  C = 90

A  B = 60  A = 60 + B A
tan tan
B
sin(60  B) sin B 39. (B) 2 2

ub
 A B
2b b tan  tan
2 2
sin B 1
 = (s  b)(s  c) (s  a)(s  c)
sin(B  60) 2 
s(s  a) s(s  b)
=
P

 2 sin B = sin B cos 60 + cos B sin 60 (s  b)(s  c) (s  a)(s  c)


3 3 s(s  a) s(s  b)
 sin B = cos B
2 2 (s  b) s(s  c)  (s  a) s(s  c)
et

=
1 (s  b) s(s  c)  (s  a) s(s  c)
 tan B =  B = 30
3
s(s  c) (s  b  s  a)
 A = 30 + 60 = 90 =
s(s  c) (s  b  s  a)
rg

 ABC is right angled. ab

=
35. (B) c
A
Ta

AB
40. (C) Let t = tan  
60°  2 
30° x
x 1 t2 4 1 t2 1
cos (A – B) =  = t=
1 t 2
5 1 t2 3
30° 120 60° 60°
AB
So, tan 
B C 1
x D x  =
 2  3
From the figure,
 AB a b C
x 2  x 2  AB2 2 x2  AB2 1 Then, tan   = cot
cos 120 =  =  2  ab 2
2 2
2x 2x 2
1 63 C
 4x2 – 2AB2 = – 2x2 = cot  C = 90
3 63 2
 3x2 = AB2  AB = x 3 1
  = (6) (3) sin 90 = 9 square units.
 a2 : b2 : c2 = (2x)2 : x2 : (x 3 )2 = 4 : 1 : 3 2

15
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

41. (B) Let the common multiple be x. ( 2   2 )  2 
 cos C = – = cos  
 the sides are (2x),   
6x , 3 1 x 2(   )
2 2
 3 
2
  
3  1 x is the largest side. C=
3
If  is the angle opposite to side  
3  1 x , then
b2  c2  a 2
45. (A) cos A =
    
2
3  1 x
2
(2 x ) 2  6x 2bc
cos   
1 9  c2  16
2  (2 x )  ( 6 x )  cos 60 = 
2 2  3 c
3 3
  3c = c2 – 7
2 6
 c2  3c  7 = 0

ns
3 1
 cos      75
2 2 2cosA cosB 2cosC a b
46. (C) + + = +
a b c bc ca
42. (A) We have,
2(b2  c2  a 2 ) a 2  c2  b2 2(a 2  b 2  c 2 )

io
 31   + +
1   2abc 2abc 2abc
 AB 1  cos(A  B)  32 
tan  = = a b
 2  1  cos(A  B)  31  = +
1  

at
bc ca
 32 
3b2 +c2 +a 2 a b
ab C 1  = +
 cot = 2abc bc ca
ab 2 63
1
 cot
C
=
1
lic  3b +
2ac
c
2ab
+
a
2bc
=
a
bc
+
b
ca
9 2 63
 b2 + c2 = a2
C 7
 tan = Hence, A = 90
ub
2 3
C 47. (C) cot A, cot B and cot C are in A. P.
1  tan 2  
2  cot A + cot C = 2 cot B
Now, cos C =
2C cos A cos C 2cosB
1  tan    + =
P

2 sin A sin C sin B

7 b2  c2  a 2 a 2  b2  c2 a 2  c2  b2
1    + =2
9 1 2bc(ka) 2ab(kc) 2ac(kb)
 cos C = =
et

7 8
1    a2 + c2 = 2b2
 
9
Hence, a2, b2, c2, are in A. P.
 c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C
rg

1 sin3B 3sin B  4sin 3 B

 c2 = 25 + 16 – 40  = 36  c = 6 48. (D) = = 3 – 4 sin2 B
8 sin B sin B
= 3 – 4 + 4 cos2 B
43. (C) ab2 cos A + ba2 cos B + ac2 cos A + ca2 cos C
Ta

+ bc2 cos B + b2c cos C 4(a 2  c2  b 2 ) 2

=–1+
= ab(b cos A + a cos B) + ac(c cos A + a cos C) 4(ac) 2
+ bc (c cos B + b cos C)  a 2  c2 
2

= abc + abc + abc = 3abc  

= – 1+ 
2 
2
... 2b 2  a 2  c 2 
(ac)
44. (C) Let a =  – , b =  + , c = 32 2
(a 2  c 2 ) 2
Since 32 2 is the largest side, the largest =–1+
4(ac) 2
angle is C.
(a 2  c 2 ) 2  4a 2c 2
a 2  b2  c2 =
 cos C = 4(ac) 2
2ab
2
 2  2  2   2  2  2  3 2  2  c2  a 2 
 cosC = = 
2( 2  2 )  2ac 

16
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

cos B cos C 52. (C) (b + c) cos A + (c + a) cos B + (a + b) cos C
49. (C) cot B + cot C – cot A = + – cot A =a+b+c
sin B sin C
sin Ccos B  cosCsin B = (b cos C + c cos B) + (c cos A + a cos C)
= – cot A + (a cos B + b cos A)
sin Bsin C
=a+b+c ….[By projection rule]
sin(B  C) cos A
= – sin BcosC cos Bsin C
sin Bsin C sin A 53. (C) 
sin 2 A  sin Bsin CcosA a 2  bccosA sin A sin A
= =
sin Asin Bsin C (abc) b c 
=  cos C  cos B 
(b  c  a )
2 2 2 a a 
a 2  bc =1 …[By projection rule]
= 2bc
(abc) A (s  b)(s  c)


ns
3a 2  b 2  c2 3a 2  (b 2  c2 )
54. (A) sin
=  2 bc
2(abc) 2(abc) A
 bc sin2 = (s  b) (s  c)
3a 2  3a 2 2
 cot B + cot C – cot A = 0
2(abc)  x = bc

io
2 2 2
….[ b + c = 3a ] 55. (D)  is right angled, C = 90
1 1
50. (B) B(c, d)  = ab sin90o = ab

at
2 2
2

 42 = 4  ab  = a2b2
1
2 
 A(a,b)
O
(AB)2 = (a – c)2 + (b – d)2
lic 56. (B)  =
1 1
bcsin A  9  .36sin A
(OA)2 = (a – 0)2 + (b – 0)2 = a2 + b2 2 2
and (OB)2 = c2 + d2 1
 sin A   A  30
2
ub
Now from triangle AOB,
(OA)2  (OB)2  (AB)2  BC bc
cos  = A
2OA.OB 57. (A) tan   cot
 2  bc 2
a 2  b 2  c 2  d 2  {(a  c) 2  (b  d) 2 }
90 3 1
 tan  
= A

P

2 a 2  b2 . c2  d 2 cot
 2  3 1 2
ac  bd
3 1 3 1 2 3
 tan   
= A
(a 2  b 2 )(c 2  d 2 )   2 3
2 3 1 2
et

51. (A) Let the fourth side be of length d. A

  15o  A  30o
2
d
120° 3 58. (D) A = 75, B = 45
rg

A C
D  C = 180 – 75 – 45 = 60
2 By sine rule,
60° 5 a b

Ta

B sin A sin B


2  3 1  b
From the figure,
sin 75 sin 45
In  ADC,
b=4
AC2 = CD2 + DA2 – 2.CD.DA.cos 120 1
…[By Cosine rule] area of ABC = ab sin C
2
In  BAC,
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 – 2.AB.BC.cos 60 =
1
2
2  
3  1  4  sin 60 = 6  2 3
…[By Cosine rule]
 32 + d2 – 2  3  d cos 120 = 22 + 52 59. (C)  = a2  (b  c)2
2  2  5 cos 60  = 2bc  (b2 + c2  a2)
 d2 + 3d – 10 = 0  d = – 5 or d = 2  b2  c2  a 2 
= 2bc – 2bc   = 2bc (1  cos A)
 d=2  2bc 

17
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

A Alternate Method :
  = 2bc . 2 sin2 ....(i)
2 Let a = 1, b = 3 , c = 2 and A = 30,
1 B = 60, C = 90.
Also,  = bc sin A
2 Hence, the given expression is equal to 2,
1 A A which is given by option (D).
bc . 2 sin
= cos
2 2 2
A A
3.3 Inverse Trigonometric Functions
  = bc. sin cos ....(ii)
2 2 1. (C) cos–1 x + cos–1(2x) = –
A 1  cos–1 2x = – – cos–1 x
 tan = ....[From (i) and (ii)]
2 4
 2x = cos ( + cos–1 x)
60. (C) a = 2 = QR, 2x= (cos ) cos (cos–1 x) – (sin) sin (cos–1x)

ns
7 P
b= = PR, 2x = – x  x = 0
2 But x = 0 does not satisfy the given equation.
5 c b
c = = PQ  No solution will exist.
2

io
abc 8 
s= = =4 Q R 2. (A) Since sin–1 x cannot be greater than .
2 2 a 2
2sin P  2sin Pcos P 2sin P(1  cos P) 
 sin–1 x = sin–1 y = sin–1 z =

at
=
2sin P  2sin Pcos P 2sin P(1 cos P) 2
P Therefore, x = y = z = 1
1  cos P 2sin 2
= = 2 = tan2 P Putting these values in the expression, we get
1  cos P 2cos
lic
2 P

2
2
1+1+1–
9
111
=0
(s  b)(s  c) (s  b)2 (s  c)2
= =
s(s  a) 2 2 2
3. (B) A = tan–1    tan A =
ub
 7 
2
5
2
3 3
4   4   2
 3  5
= 
2  2 3
=   B = cosec–1    tan B =
2  4  3 4
 A 1  tan A tan B
61. (D) cot
A B 2 B
P

 cot  a sin  bsin 2  cot (A + B) =

 2 2  2 2 tan A  tan B
 C  2 3 6
1 
 cos 2   2 B A 3 4 = 12 = 6
 bsin 2  =
et

=   a sin 2 3 17 17
A
 sin sin  B  2 2 
 2 2 3 4 12
 B A
 C 
sin sin   1 x 
rg

= cos  a 2 b 2 4. (A) sin2  2tan 1 

 2   sin A B  1  x 
sin 
 2 2
1 x
 (s  a)(s  c) (s  b)(s  c)  = sin2 (2), where  = tan–1
Ta

1 x
s(s  c) 
 ac bc

= a b  2 tan   1 x
2
ab  (s  b)(s  c) (s  a)(s  c)  =  2 
, where tan  =
 bc ac   1  tan   1 x

  s  a   s  b  
2
s(s  c)  2 1+ x 
=    ab    ab  


 4 1 + x 1  x 
ab   s  b   s  a   =  1 x  = = 1 – x2
    
2
1+  1+ x  1 x +1 + x
 
= s(s  c)  s  a  s  b    1  x  
 (s  a)(s  b) 

2s  a  b    2 
= s(s  c)   5. (D) The principal value of sin1 sin  
 (s  a)(s  b)    3 
 2     
=c
s(s  c)
= c cot
C = sin–1 sin      = sin–1 sin    =
(s  a)(s  b) 2   3    3  3

18
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

–1 1  x
2
5 5 2x
6. (A) Let sin–1 = x  sin x = 12. (B) 3sin–1 – 4 cos
13 13 1 x 2 1  x2
25 12 2x 
 cosx = 1  = + 2 tan–1 2
=
169 13 1 x 3
  Putting x = tan , we get
 cos  sin 1  = cos  cos 1  =
5 12 12
 13   13  13  2 tan   –1  1  tan  
2
3sin–1   – 4 cos  
 1  tan    1  tan  
2 2

7. (A)  = sin–1[sin (–600)]

  = sin–1 [–(sin 240)]  2 tan   
+ 2 tan–1   =
  = sin–1 [– sin(180 + 60)]  1  tan 2
  3
   
  = sin–1 (sin60) = sin–1 sin      3sin–1 (sin 2) – 4 cos1 (cos2)
  3  3 

ns
+ 2 tan–1 (tan 2) =
3
 cos x  sin x   1  tanx 
8. (B) tan–1   = tan
–1
  
 cos x + sin x   1  tan x   3(2) – 4 (2) + 2(2) =
3
 
= tan–1  tan   x  
π

io

 4   6 – 8 + 4 =
3
  
= –x =  tan–1 x =

at
4 6 6
 a cos x  bsin x   a   1
 x = tan =
 bcos x   b  tan x  6 3
9. (C) tan1   = tan–1  a 
 bcos x  a sin x 
 bcos x 
lic
1  tan x 
 b   1  x2  1 
13. (B) tan–1  
 x 
a  
= tan–1 – tan–1(tan x)
b  1  tan 2   1 
ub
a = tan–1  
–1
 tan 
= tan
b
–x 
(Putting x = tan )
  
sin (  x)   sec   1  1  cos  
1  cos x  1  = tan–1  –1
P

10. (A) tan   = tan 

2
  = tan  
  tan    sin  
 1  sin x  1  cos(  x) 
 2   2  
  x  x  –1  2 sin 2 
2sin (  )cos(  )  = tan  
et

–1  4 2 4 2 
 2 sin cos 
= tan  
 x  2 2
 2cos 2 (  ) 
 4 2   
= tan–1  tan 
1    x   x
rg

= tan  tan        2
  4 2  4 2  1
= = tan–1 x
2 2
 3a 2 x  x 3  –1  3a x  x 
2 3
11. (A) tan–1   = tan  2 
Ta

 a(a  3 x )   a  3ax  14. (B) Let x = sin  and x = sin 

2 2 3

  x x 3
 Hence
 3     
 a a   sin–1 (x 1  x – x 1  x 2 )
= tan–1
  x
2

 1  3   = sin–1 (sin 1  sin 2  – sin  1  sin 2  )
 a 
= sin–1 (sin  cos  – sin  cos )
x
Put = tan  = sin–1 sin ( – )
a
=  –  = sin–1 (x) – sin–1 ( x )
 The given expression becomes
 3tan   tan 3   1
tan–1  –1
 = tan (tan 3) 15. (D) cos 1   =   sec1x = 
 1  3tan 2
  x
x  x = sec 
= 3 = 3tan–1
a  tan  = sec 2   1 = x2  1

19
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

1  13 1
16. (D) sin 1  cos1 x  = 2 tan 1  tan 1
5 2 39 7
1  1 1
 sin–1 = – cos–1 x = sin–1 x = 2 tan 1  tan 1
5 2 3 7

 x=
1  1 
5  2  
= tan 1   3    tan 1 1
1 1  1 
2
7
17. (A) sin–1 x + sin–1 + cos–1 x + cos–1 1    
x x  3 
 1 
= {sin–1(x) + cos–1 (x)}+ sin 1    cos 1     
1 2x
...  2 tan 1 x  tan 1 , if  1  x  1
  x   x   1  x2 
  3 1
+ = = tan–1 + tan–1

ns
=
2 2 4 7
  3 1 
18. (A) sin–1 x + cos–1 x =    
2 = tan–1  4 7  = tan–1 (1) =
1  3  1  

io
   3 4
  
 cos–1 x = – sin–1 x = – = 4  7  
2 2 5 10
 5 2

at
19. (B)  = sin–1 x + cos–1 x – tan–1 x = – tan–1 x 22. (A) (tan–1 x)2 + (cot–1 x)2 =
2 8
   (tan–1 x + cot–1 x)2
Since, – < tan–1 x <
2 2   5 2
– 2tan–1 x   tan 1 x  =

 –1
> – tan x > –

lic 2  8
2 2 2  5 2
  –2 tan–1 x + 2 (tan–1 x)2 =
0< – tan–1 x <  4 2 8
2
ub
32
 2(tan–1 x)2 –  tan–1 x – =0
 8
20. (B) sin–1 x + sin–1 y + sin–1 z =
2  3
Put sin–1 x = , sin–1 y = , sin–1 z =   tan–1 x = – ,
4 4

P

 ++= 
2  tan–1 x = –  x = –1
4
  
  +  = –   cos ( + ) = cos    
2    1 1 
et

2
 1 1 1 1 
 1  3  2  
 cos  cos  – sin  sin  = sin  ….(i) 23. (A) cos  tan  tan  = cos  tan  
and, we have  3 2   1  1  1  
  3 2  
sin  = x  cos  = 1  x 2
rg

2
= cos {tan–1(1)}
Similarly, cos = 1 y  1
 From (i), we get = cos =
4 2
Ta

1  x 2 . 1 y = xy + z
2

Squaring on both sides, we get 24. (A) Let  = cos1  4 

x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xyz = 1 5  

–1 1 5 2 1  cos  =  4   tan  =  3 
21. (B) 2 tan + sec–1 + 2 tan–1 5 4
5 7 8
 1 1  5 2   = tan1  3 
= 2  tan 1  tan 1   sec 1 4
 5 8 7
4 3 3 3
 1 1   cos1  tan 1  tan 1  tan 1
   5 2 
2
5 5 4 5
= 2 tan  5 8   tan 1
1
   1  3 3 
1  1  1    7    
    27 
5  8   = tan–1  4 5  = tan–1  
3 3
 1  .   11 
…[ sec–1 x = tan–1 x 2  1 ]  4 5

20
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

x 1 x 1   425  
25. (C) tan–1 + tan–1 = = tan–1  –1
 = tan (1) =
x2 x2 4  425  4
 x 1 x  1  Alternate method:
     
 x2 x2  =
3 3 8 3 3 8
 tan–1 –1 
     
1   x  1  x  1   4 = tan  4 5 19 4 5 19 
  
  x  2  x  2   1  3  3  3  8  3  8 
 4 5 4 19 5 19 
 2 x ( x  2)  
  x 2  4  4 x  x 2  1  = tan 4 …[Using Shortcut 4]
  
2 x ( x  2) = tan–1 (1) =
 =1 4
4x  5
 xy   yz   xz 
 2x2 + 4x = 4x + 5  x = 
5 30. (B) tan–1   + tan–1   + tan–1  
 zr   xr   yr 

ns
2
 xy yz xz xyz 
 1      3 
26. (A) tan–1   – tan  cos   = x
–1
–1
 cos   = tan  zr xr yr r  …[Using Shortcut 4]
  x2  y 2  z2  
 1   1   

io
  cos     r2  
 tan–1  cos   =x
 cos   
 1  = tan–1 () =
 cos   2

at
1  cos 
 tan x = 1 
2 cos  31. (B) tan–1  tan 2A  + tan–1 (cot A) + tan–1 (cot3 A)
2 

1  cos  2sin 2  1  2 tan A    cot A  cot 3 A 
 sin x = 2 = tan2    = tan 1   1
     tan 
1  cos 
=
2cos 2
  
2
lic  
2 1  tan 2
A 
4 
 1  cot A 
2   
ax ax   0  A  4 , 
27. (C) tan–1 + tan–1 =  
 1 1  x  y  
ub
a a 6 1
…  tan x  tan y    tan  , 
 ax ax   1  xy  
 a  a   
 tan –1
  = for x, y  0 and xy  1 
 1  a  x a  x  6  
  
 a a 
 cot A 1  cot 2 A  
P


=   tan 1 
2a 2 1 tan A 
 = tan =  x2 = 2 3 a2   tan 
1

 1  tan A   1  cot A  1  cot A  
2 2 2 2
x 6 3
 a   b   tan A  1  cot A 
28. (B) tan1  1
et

 + tan   =   tan 1    tan  

bc ca   1  tan 2
A  
 cot A 
1 2

 ac  bc  a 2  b 2   tan A  1  tan A 
= tan1   =   tan 1    tan  
 ac  bc  c  1  tan A   tan A  1 
2 2 2

rg

  x  y   tan A    tan A 
….  tan 1 x  tan 1 y  tan 1   =  + tan–1  1
  tan  
 1  xy    1  tan A   1  tan A 
2 2

= tan (1)1
….[ c2 = a2 + b2] =+0 …[tan–1(– x) = – tan–1 x]
Ta

=

=  c1 x  y   c 2  c1 
4 32. (C) tan–1   + tan
–1
 
 1
c y  x   1  c 2 c1 
3 3 8
29. (A) tan–1 + tan–1 – tan–1  c3  c 2 
4 5 19 –1 1
+ tan–1   + …. + tan

 3 3   1  c 3c 2  cn
= tan–1  4 5  – tan–1
8
 x 1   1 1 
  c c 
19 = tan–1  y c1 
3 3
1     + tan–1  1 2 
 4 5 1 x . 1  1 1 
 27 8   y c1   cc 
27 8    1 2 
= tan–1 – tan–1 = tan–1  11 19   1 1 
11 19 27 8  1
1   
 11 19  + tan–1  c2 c3  + ….+ tan–1
1 1  cn
 c 2c3 


21
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

1
x 1 –1  1  1   1     1  1
3

= tan–1   – tan–1   + tan   – tan  c 2  36. (A) sin 3 sin 1    = sin sin 1 3    4   
 y  c1   c1   5   5    
5   
1
1 –1   …. –1  1   4   1  75  4  
= sin sin 1  
+ tan–1 3
  – tan  c3  + + tan     = sin sin  
 c2   c n 1   5 125     125  
 1   1 
– tan–1  c n  + tan–1  c n   71  71
= sin sin 1 =
 125  125
x  7   7 
= tan–1   37. (D) cot cos 1    = cot cot 1    =
7
 y   25     24   24
 
 d  –1  d  x
33. (B) tan–1   + tan   …  cos 1 x = cot 1 

ns
 1  a 1 2 
a 
 a 2a 3 
1  1  x  2

 
+ ……..+ tan–1 
d
 38. (C) Let sin1x =   x = sin 
 1  a n 1 n 
a 1 1
cos (2 sin–1 x) =  cos 2 =

io
 a a   a a  9 9
= tan–1  2 1  + tan–1  3 2 
 1  a1a 2   1  a 2a 3   1  2sin2 =
1
 1 – 2x2 =
1
 a n  a n 1 
9 9

at
+ …....+ tan–1   1 8 4
 1  a n 1a n   2x2 = 1 – =  x2 =
9 9 9
= (tan–1 a2 – tan–1 a1) + (tan–1 a3 – tan–1 a2)
2
+…….+ (tan–1 an – tan–1 an–1) x=

= tan–1 an – tan–1 a1 = tan–1  a n  a1 

lic 3

 1 
 1  a n a1  39. (B) sin  2 tan 1    + cos [tan–1 (2 2 )]
 3 
 (n  1)d 
= tan–1 
ub
  2/3 
 1  a1a n  = sin  tan 1 –1
 + cos [tan (2 2 )]
 1  1/ 9
 2x 
34. (A) tan1 y = tan1x + tan1   = sin [ tan–1
3
] + cos [tan–1 2 2 ]
 1  x2  4
P

= tan1x + 2 tan1x 
3 

  
 tan1y = 3 tan1x  
= sin sin 1  4    cos cos 1 1 
2 
 
 3x  x3 
 
2
3  
et

Since, 3tan1x = tan1   1    1 2 2

2     
 1  3x     
4
3 x  x3 3 1 14
 y= = + =
rg

1  3x 2 5 3 15

  40. (C) Let tan–1 2 =   tan  = 2

35. (D) tan  2tan 1    
1
and cot–1 3 =   cot  = 3
  5 4
Ta

 sec2 (tan–12) + cosec2 (cot–13)

 2  = sec2  + cosec2 = 1 + tan2  + 1 + cot2 
 1 5 1

= tan  tan  tan (1)  = 2 + (2)2 + (3)2 = 15
1
 1 
 25  41. (A) Let cosec–14 =   cosec  = 4
 5  cot2  = cosec2  – 1 = (4)2 – 1 = 15
= tan  tan 1  tan 1 (1) 
 12   1
sin2  sin 1  + tan2(sec–12) + cot2(cosec–14)
  2 
 5 
 1  12  1   = sin 30 + tan2 60 + cot2 
2
= tan  tan   2
  1  5  1
 3
2

  12   =  + + 15
2
7 73
=– =
17 4

22
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

42. (A) Let cos–1a =   2( + ) = 2tan–1 x
 cos  = a  x = tan ( + )
1 1 tan θ + tan 
 cosec  =  x=
1  cos θ 2
1 a2 1  tan θ tan 
 1 Resubstituting the values of a and b, we get
Let cot–1   = ab
 1 a 
2
x=
1 1  ab
 cot  =
1 a2 53  50 3 
47. (B) cos = cos   
 tan  = 1  a 2 5  5 5 
1 1  3 
 cos  = = = cos 10  
1 tan 2  2  a2  5 

ns
3
 3  = cos
43. (A) Given, tan–1 x = sin–1   5
 10    3    

= sin    = sin  
 3  2 5   10 

io
 x = tan sin 1  –1
  = tan {tan 3}
  10    53  1    
x=3  sin1  cos  = sin  sin  =
 5   10  10

at
1
44. (D) cos (2 tan–1 x) =  1 4 
2 48. (D) tan  cos 1  sin 1 
 5 2 17 
 
 2 tan–1 x = , = tan (tan–1 7 – tan–1 4)
3
 
3
lic 
= tan  tan 1 
74 

  = 29
3
 tan x =
–1
,   1  28  
6 6
1 1 
x= , 1
ub
3 3 1  1 
–1 –1 –1  5  + cot–1 3
49. (B) sin + cot 3 = cot
  1  5  1 
45. (A) cos cot 1    = cos (tan1 2)  5 
 
  2 
= cot–1(2) + cot–1(3)
P

   1
1 2  3 1 
= cos cos 1 
 1  (2) 2
 =
 = cot–1  
   5  3 2 
 
1  x2  = cot–1 (1) =
et

and cot (cos1 x) = cot  tan 1  4

 x 

 
50. (B) Putting x = tan , we get
x x
= cot  cot 1    1  x2  1  1  x 
2

rg

 1 x 
2
1  x2 sin  tan 1    cos  2 
  2x   1  x 
  1 
Given, cos  cot 1    = cot (cos1 x)   1  tan 2   
1  1  tan  
2
 2   = sin  tan 1    cos  
 2 tan    1  tan   
2
Ta


1 x 1 x2
   = = sin [tan–1 (cot 2) + cos–1 (cos2)]
5 1  x2 5 1  x2

 6x2 = 1 = sin [tan–1 {tan ( – 2) }+ cos–1 (cos 2)]
2
1
x= 
6 = sin =1
2
 2a   2b  51. (A) Let sin–1 a = A,
46. (D) sin–1  2 
+ sin–1  2 
= 2tan–1 x
1 a  1 b  sin–1 b = B,
Putting a = tan  and b = tan , we get sin–1 c = C
 2 tan    2tan    sin A = a, sin B = b, sin C = c
sin–1  2 
+ sin–1   = 2tan–1 x and A + B +C =  then
 1  tan    1+ tan 2 
  sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C
 sin [sin (2)] + sin [sin (2)] = 2 tan–1 x
–1 –1
= 4 sin A sin B sin C
23
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 sin A cos A + sin B cos B + sin C cos C  1  sin x  1  sin x 
= 2 sin A sin B sin C 56. (D) cot–1  
 1  sin x  1  sin x 
 sin A (1  sin2 A) + sin B (1  sin 2 B)
 ( 1  sin x  1  sin x )
+ sin C 1  sin 2 C = 2 sin A sin B sin C = cot–1 
 ( 1  sin x  1  sin x )
a (1  a 2 ) + b (1  b2 ) + c (1  c2 ) = 2abc
( 1  sin x  1  sin x ) 
–1 –1   
52. (C) tan x ( x  1) + sin x  x 1
2
= ( 1  sin x  1  sin x ) 
2
tan–1 x( x  1) is defined when  (1  sin x )  (1  sin x )  2 1  sin 2 x 
= cot–1  
x (x + 1)  0 ….(i)  (1  sin x )  (1  sin x ) 
sin–1 x 2  x  1 is defined when  2(1  cos x) 
= cot –1 

ns
x(x + 1) + 1  1 or x(x + 1)  0 ….(ii) 
 2sin x 
From (i) and (ii),
x(x + 1) = 0 or x = 0 and –1.   x 
 2cos2   
Hence, number of solutions is 2.  2 
= cot–1
 2sin   cos  x  

io
53. (D) Let cot–1 x =   x = cot  x
    
Now cosec  = 1  cot 2  = 1  x 2  2   2 
 x  x 
= cot–1   cot  = cot–1  cot     
1 1
 sin =

at
=
cosec 1 x 2  2  2  
1 x
  = sin–1 =–
1 x 2
2

 sin (cot–1 x) = sin  sin 1

 
1

lic  1 1 1
 1 x  2 57. (B) cos  cos 1  sin 1  cos 1 
 5 5 5 
1
=   1
= cos   cos 1  = – sin  cos1 
1
ub
1  x2
1 2 5  5
= (1  x ) 2 2
 24 
= – sin  sin 1 
1  25 
54. (A) Let cos–1 x =   x = cos   sec  =
P

x
2 6
1 1 =–
 tan = sec 2   1 = 1 = 1  x2 5
x2 x

et

Now,
58. (C) tan–1 (1 + x) + tan–1 (1 – x) =
 
sin  cot 1 (tan   = sin cot –1 
1 2
1  x2 
 x  
 tan–1 (1 + x) = – tan–1 (1 – x)
Again, putting x = sin 
rg

2
1   1  sin 2    tan–1 (1 + x) = cot–1 (1 – x)
 sin cot–1  1  x 2  = sin cot
–1
 
x   sin    1 
   tan–1 (1 + x) = tan–1  
1 x 
Ta

= sin cot–1 (cot )

= sin  = x 1+x=
1
 1 – x2 = 1  x = 0
1 x
55. (D) Putting
a = tan, b = tan  and x = tan  in the given 59. (C) The given equation can be written as
expression, we get 2
sin–1 (sin 2) – cos–1 (cos 2) = tan–1 (tan 2) tan1 x + cot1 x + cot1 x =
3
 2 – 2 = 2   –  = 
2 
Taking ‘tan’on both sides, we get  cot1 x = –
tan ( – ) = tan  3 2
tan   tan   
 = tan  …  tan 1 x + cot 1 x = 
1  tan  tan   2
ab  
 =x  cot1 x=  x = cot x= 3
1  ab 6 6

24
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

60. (D) cot1  + cot1  = cot1 x abc
Let s2 =
   1  abc
 cot–1  –1
 = cot x
     = tan–1 a 2s 2 + tan–1 b 2s 2 + tan–1 c 2 s 2
  xy  1   = tan–1 (as) + tan–1 (bs) + tan–1 (cs)
…  cot 1 x + cot 1 y = cot 1  
  x  y   as  bs  cs  abcs 3 
= tan–1  2
1  abs  acs  bcs 
2 2
  1
x=
  s  (a  b  c)  abcs   2

 tan =   
 xy  1   1  (ab  bc  ca)s
2

61. (A) Since, cot–1 x – cot–1 y = cot1  
 yx 
 s[(a  b  c)  (a  b  c)] 
1 ab  1 bc  1 ca  1 =  
 cot + cot1 + cot1  1  s (ab  bc  ca) 
2

ab bc ca

ns
= cot1 b  cot1 a + cot1 c  cot1 b ….[ s2 (abc) = (a + b + c)]
+ cot1 a  cot1 c =0
=0
Alternate Method :


io
–1 –1
62. (D) tan x + tan y + tan z = –1 Let a = b = c = 1. Then,
2  = tan–1 3 + tan–1 3 + tan–1 3 = 
 x  y  z  xyz    tan  = 0
 tan–1   = 2

at
 1  xy  y z  x z 
1 1 1
…[Using Shortcut 4] 65. (C) 4 tan–1 – tan–1 + tan–1
5 70 99
 x  y  z  xyz  
   = tan 2 120 1 1
1  xy  yz  zx 
 xy + yz + zx – 1 = 0
lic = tan–1
119
+ tan–1
99
– tan–1
70
 1 1 

Alternate Method:  120  –1  99 70 
= tan–1  1 1 
  + tan
1  119  1  . 
ub
Let x = y = z =  99 70 
3
 –1  29 
= tan–1 
1 1 1 120 
Then, tan–1 + tan–1 + tan–1 =  + tan  
3 3 3 2  119   6931 
Option (D) holds for these values of x, y, z.
P

120 29
= tan–1 – tan–1
2x 119 6931
63. (D) Since, 2 tan–1 x = tan–1 120 1
1  x2 = tan–1 – tan–1
et

2 119 239
1 1 1  
 4 tan –1
=2
 2 tan 5  = 2 tan
–1 5
= tan–11 =
5  1
1 4
25
rg

20 1 2
66. (C) sin–1 + sin–1
–1 10 –1 24 = tan–1 120 3 3
= 2 tan = tan
100 1
24 1 119 4 2 1
576 = sin–1  1  1 
Ta

 3 9 3 9 
1 1 120 1
 4 tan–1 – tan–1 = tan–1 – tan–1
5 239 119 239  54 2
= sin–1  
120 1
  9 
–1 119 239 (120  239)  119
= tan = tan–1 54 2
1
120 1
. (119  239)  120  x=
119 239 9
 2
= tan–1 1 = 67. (B) Given, sin1 x + sin1 y =
4 3
a(a  b  c) b(a  b  c) 2 
64. (A)  = tan–1 + tan–1  cos–1 x + cos–1 y =  – =
bc ca 3 3

c(a  b  c)  If sin 1 x + sin 1 y = ,

+ tan –1 … 1 1 
ab  then cos x + cos y =  

25
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

  2  
72. (D) tan1 sin  cos l
2
 3 
68. (C) sin  tan 1   
3  
  4   
2   1  
     = tan1 sin  sin  l 
   3     3  
  1  4  
= sin sin   
   1  3 
2
  …  cos 1 x = sin 1 1  x 2 
 
      
   4    1  
= tan1   = 6
  x   3
….  tan 1 x = sin 1  
  1  x 
2
3
73. (D)  = cos–1  
5
2 2
 3 
= sin  sin 1      
3 9

ns
  5   5  25  cos  = 3
5
 1  4
69. (B) cos(tan1x) = cos cos 1   tan  =
 1  x 2  3

io
1
  1   = tan–1  
…  tan 1 x = cos 1   3
  1  x 2 
    tan  = 1

at
1 3
= tan α  tanβ
1 x 2
tan ( – ) =
1  tan α . tanβ
70. (A) tan(cos1 x)
 1  x2 
lic 4 1
3

3 = 9
=
= tan  tan 1  4 1 13
 x  1 .
 3 3
 1  x2   
ub
…  cos 1 x = tan 1   9 

x  –1  9  –1  
  –  = tan   = sin  13

1 x 2  13   1  9 
2

=    
x   13  
P

71. (A) Consider option (A),   

x
…  tan 1 x  sin 1  
1
sin (cos x) = cos (sin x) = 1  x 1 2
  1  x  2
  
et

…  sin 1 x = cos 1 1  x 2 , cos 1 x = sin 1 1  x 2  = sin–1 

 9 
  
 5 10 
rg

Concept Fusion

5 x  5 x 7 11
1. (A) We know 1 ....  A.M.  G.M.  4 = or
Ta

2 6 6
Since, cos (ex)  1 
So, there does not exist any solution. Since, 0 <  <
2
2. (A) Applying R1  R1 – R3 and  0 < 4 < 2
R2  R2 – R3 in the given determinant, we get 7 11
= or
24 24
1 0 1
0 1 1 =0 3. (C) Given, x = sin1 K, y = cos1 K
sin  cos  1  4sin 4
2 2  sin x = cos y = K
 1 + 4sin 4 + cos2  + sin2  = 0  
 sin x = sin   y 
 4 sin 4 = – 2 2 
1  
 sin 4 =  x=  y x+y=
2 2 2

26
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

sin B sin A  1  x 
4. (C)   sin  x  tan 1   
b a 1    
9. (D) A – B =
b sin A 8 sin 30 2   1  x  
 sin B =  sin   cot  x  
1
= =
a 6 3   
2 
 sin (sin–1 x) =  x 
 cos 1  x  tan 1   
3 1    
2 –
x=   1  x 

 sin   tan  x  
1
3
  
5. (A) On expanding determinant,  
0
cos2 (A + B) + sin2 (A + B) + cos 2B = 0 1 2 1
=  = I
 1 + cos2B = 0  cos2B = cos    2
0

ns
  2 
 2B = 2n +   B = (2n + 1) , n  Z.
2
1
( x  1)2 A Bx  C 10. (B) sin , cos  and tan  are in G.P.
6. (B) 3   2 6
x x x 1

io
x 1
 cos2  = . sin . tan 
( x  1) 2 Ax 2  A  Bx 2  Cx 6
 
x( x 2  1) x( x 2  1) sin 
 6 cos2  = sin .

at
 x2 + 2x +1 = (A + B)x 2 + Cx + A cos 
Equating coefficients on both sides, we get  6 cos3  = sin2 
A + B = 1, C = 2, A = 1  6 cos3  + cos2   1 = 0
B=0
1 
1 1
 cosec   + cot1   + sec1 C
lic Here, cos  =
1
2
is the only real root.
A B 
  5   = 2n 
= 0  3
ub
2 3 6
 100  n

a b 5 4 11. (A) cot   cot 1  1   2k  
7. (D) =  =  n 1  k 1 
sin A sin B   sin B
sin   B   100

2  = cot  cot 1 1  2  4  6  ...  2n  
P

5 4 4  n 1 
 =  tan B =  100

cos B sin B 5 = cot  cot 1 1  n  n  1  
  5  n 1 
et

Now, tan A = tan   B  =  cot B =  100   

2  4
= cot  tan 1 
1

tan C = tan(  (A + B))  n 1 1  n  n  1  
=  tan(A + B)  100  n  1  n  
rg

 5 4 = cot  tan 1  
 tan A  tan B
   
 n 1 1  n  n  1  
=  4 5 =
9

 
=
1  tan A . tan B  5 4  40 100
1   = cot   tan 1  n  1  tan 1 n 
Ta

 4 5 n 1

 1  = cot[(tan 2 – tan 1) + (tan 3 – tan–12) + 0…

–1 –1 –1
 2.  + (tan–1 101 – tan–1 100)]
 C = tan–1  9  –1 –1
 1 
2 = cot (tan 101 – tan 1)
1       101  1  
 9  = cot  tan 1  
1   1  101  
 C = 2 tan–1  
9   100  
= cot  tan 1  
 102   
1 1
8. (D) 2y = 1  y =  sin x =   50  
2 2 = cot  tan 1   
 5 7 11  51  
x= , , , in 2  x  2
6 6 6 6   51   51
= cot cot 1    =
 number of points of intersection = 4   50   50

27
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

12. (B) (cos  + i sin ) (cos 2 + i sin 2) 1  2icos θ  icos θ  2cos 2 θ
z=
…(cos n + i sin n) = 1 1  4cos 2 θ
i 2i in
 e  e …e = 1 1  2cos 2 θ  3icos θ
n  n+1 z=
 e
i
2
θ
= e0 1  4cos 2 θ
n  n+1 θ As z is a real number,
 = 2k, kI Im (z) = 0
2
3cos θ
4kπ =0
= , k I 1  4cos2 θ
n  n+1
 cos  = 0
13. (A) π
1  icosθ
  = (2n + 1) ,(n  I)
Let z = 2
1  2icosθ

ns
1  icosθ 1  2icosθ
z= 
1  2icosθ 1  2icosθ

MHT-CET Previous Years’ Questions

io
a  b  c 16  24  20  C C
1. (A) s =  = 30 = (a2 + b2) cos 2  sin 2 
2 2  2

at
2
 B s(s  b)  C C
cos   = 2ab cos 2  sin 2 
2 ac  2 2
30(30  24)
=
16  20
=
9
16
=
3
4
lic = a2 + b2  2ab cos C
= c2 ….[By cosine rule]
7  7  5
2. (B) cos = cos  2   = cos  2
6  6  6
tan 1  3   sec (2) =
1 
3 3 = 4
ub
7 5 6. (B)
 cos  2
6
= cos
6 cosec 1   2   cos   12 
1
4

3
5

 7    5  5
 cos1  cos  = cos1  cos  =
 6   6  6 7. (B) 2 tan1 (cos x) = tan1 (2 cosec x)
P

3. (C) tan2 x = 1  tan1 (cos x) + tan1 (cos x) = tan1 (2 cosec x)

   tan [tan1 (cos x) + tan1 (cos x)]
 tan2 x = tan2  x = n 
= tan  tan 1 (2cosec x) 
et

4 4
4. (C) sin 2x + cos 2x = 0 tan (tan 1 cos x)  tan (tan 1 cos x)
 =2 cosec x
 (sin 2x + cos 2x)2 = 0 1  tan (tan 1 cos x).tan(tan 1 cos x)
 sin2 2x + cos2 2x + 2 sin 2x cos 2x = 0
rg

cos x  cos x
 1 + sin 4x = 0  sin 4x = 1  = 2 cosec x
1  cos2 x
  
 4x = n + (1)n    2 cos x = 2 cosec x . (1  cos2 x)
 2 
Ta

 cos x = cosec x . sin2 x


 4x = n + (1)n+1  cos x = sin x
2

n  x=
 x=  (1)n 1 4
4 8
11 15  
 For  < x < 2, the values of x are , .  sin x + cos x = sin + cos
8 8 4 4
1 1
C C =   2
5. (B) (a  b)2 cos2 + (a + b)2 sin2 2 2
2 2
C 8. (B) tan 2 = 1
= (a2 + b2  2ab) cos2
2 The value of tan  is positive if  is in 1st and
C 3rd quadrant.
+ (a2 + b2 + 2ab) sin2
2  Option (B) is the correct answer.

28
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

9. (C) sin2 A + sin2 B = sin2 C 12. (C) Since, a, b, c are in A. P.,
 A  2b = a + c
 sin C = 1  C =
2 10 C A
b a cos 2    c cos 2  
a b c  
2 2
 
sin A sin B sinC a 1  cos C  c 1  cos A 
C a B = 
a b 10 2 2
  
sin A sin B 1 a  c  a cos C  c cos A
=
 a = 10sin A, b = 10sin B 2
1 1 a  c b
A(ABC) = ab = (10 sin A) (10 sin B) =
2 2 2
2b  b
1 =
 100  sin A  sin B

ns
= 2
2
3b
1 =
Maximum value of sin A sin B = 2
2


io
1 1 13. (C) tan–1 2x + tan–1 3x =
 A (ABC) =  100  4
2 2
= 25 sq. units  2 x  3x  
 tan–1   =

at
 1  (2 x)(3x)  4
      2  
10. (A) cos1  cot     cos 1 sin     tan–1 
5x 
= tan–1 (1)
  2    3  2 
 1  6x 

= cos1 (0) + cos1

 3
 
lic 
5x
1  6x2
=1
 2 
 1 – 6x2 = 5x  6x2 + 5x – 1 = 0
  
=  cos 1  cos 
 (x + 1)  x   = 0  x = – 1,
1 1
ub
2  6
 6 6
 
=  But x = – 1 does not hold.
2 6 1
2  x=
6
P

=
3
14. (B) Y
11. (B) sin x + sin 3x + sin 5x = 0  π
P  2, 
et

 sin 5x + sin x + sin 3x = 0  6

π
 2 sin 3x cos 2x + sin 3x = 0
6
 sin 3x (2 cos 2x + 1) = 0 X 11π X
2
rg

 sin 3x = 0 or 2 cos 2x = –1 6
 11π 
1 P  2, 
 3x = n or cos 2x =  6 
2
Ta

n 
 x= or cos 2x = – cos Y
3 3
   A  B 3
cos 2x = cos     15. (B)  tan  tan  
 3  2  2 4

cos 2x = cos
2

 s  b  s  c    s  a  s  c   3
3 s s  a  s s  b 4
2 sc 3
2x = 2n   
3 s 4
  s = 4c
x = n 
3  2s = 2(4c)
2 4    3    a + b + c = 8c
 x = , , …  x   ,  
3 3   2 2   a + b = 7c
29
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

16. (D) Using Shortcut 2(v), we get 20. (D) cot x = – 3
ABC is an equilateral triangle. 1 5
 tan x =  tan x = tan
3 6
 A(ABC) = (side)2 3
4 5
3
 x = n + ,nZ
 4 6
2
=
4 ...[ tan  = tan    = n + , n  Z]
= 4 3 sq. units 2
21. (C) 3 sin x – 7 sin x + 2 = 0
17. (D) cot 4x = –1  3sin2 x – 6 sin x – sin x + 2 = 0
 3sin x (sin x – 2) – (sin x – 2) = 0
 tan 4x = –1  (3 sin x – 1) (sin x – 2) = 0
3π
 tan 4x = tan 1

ns
4  sin x = or 2
3
3π
 4x = n +  sin x =
1
….[ sin x  2]
4
3
…[ tan  = tan    = n + ]

io
1 
Let sin–1 = , 0 <  < are the solutions
nπ 3π 3 2
x=  ,nZ
4 16 in [0, 5]. Then, ,  – , 2 + , 3 – ,

at
4 + , 5 –  are the solutions in [0, 5].
18. (D) (a – b)2 = c2 – ab  number of solutions = 6
 a2 – 2ab + b2 = c2 – ab 22. (A) By sine rule,
 a2 + b2 – c2 = ab
a 2  b2  c2 1
lic a
sin A
=
b
sin B
=
c
sin A
 
2ab 2 b c
=
1 sin B sin A
 cos C =
ub
2 2c c
 = ...[ b = 2c, B = 3C]
2 sin 3C sin C
1
 sin C = 1   sin 3C
2  =2
sin C
P

3 3sin C  4sin 3 C
=  =2
4 sin C
3  3 – 4sin2 C = 2
et

=
1
2  sin C =  C = 30
sin C 2
 tan C = = 3 B = 3  30 = 90
cosC
 A = 60 ...[Remaining angle of ABC]
rg

19. (C) A
3
 sin A = sin 60 =
2
23. (C) Let sin–1 x = 
Ta

O
 x = sin 
10 10 2x 1  x2 = 2 sin  cos  = sin 2
B C
a = 10  
 sin–1 2 x 1  x 2 = sin–1 (sin 2)

From the figure, we get  OBC is an = sin–1 [sin ( – 2)]

equilateral triangle.  1   
 2  x  1  4    2 
 BOC = 60  

BAC = 30 ...    2  


2
 
In ABC,  
 0    2  
A + B + C = 180  2 

 30 + B + C = 180 =  – 2 =  – 2 sin–1 x
 B + C = 150  A = , B = –2

30
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

cos A  cosC cos B 3 1
24. (B)   sin B =
a c b 2 2
bcos A  bcosC + a cos B – c cos B  B = 15º
=
b a  c Or B = 180º – 15º = 165º. Which is not
=
 a cos B  bcos A    bcosC  ccos B possible as C = 60º
b  a  c  A = 105º and B = 15º
ca  A – B = 90º
= …[By projection rule]
ba  c 1  cos 2 x
27. (D) =3
1 1  cos 2 x
=
b 2sin 2 x
 =3
2cos 2 x
2 1 1

ns
25. (B)    tan2 x = 3
tan B tan A tan C


2cos B cos A cosC
   tan2 x = tan2
3
sin B sin A sin C

 a 2  c2  b2  b  c2  a 2 a 2  b2  c2  x = n  , n  Z

io
  3
 2 2ac = 2bc + 2ab
 kb  ka kc 28. (D) sin(–600º) = – sin (360º + 240º)
 
 

at
= – sin 240º
 a 2  c2  b 2  b 2  c2  a 2 a 2  b 2  c2 = – sin (180º + 60º)
 2  
 2kabc  2kabc 2kabc = sin 60º = sin π
3
 2(a + c – b ) = b + c – a + a + b – c
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

 2a2 + 2c2 – 2b2 = 2b2

lic cot –1
  3  =  – cot   3  –1

 2b2 = a2 + c2 
 a2, b2, c2 are in A.P. =–
6
ub
a 2  b2  c2 5
26. (C) cos C = =
2ab 6

 3 1   
2

3  1  c2
2
 sin–1 [sin(–600º)] + cot–1  3  
 cos 60º =
 3 1  3 1     5
P

2
= sin–1  sin  
 3 6
1 4  2 3  4  2 3  c2
   5 7
2 2 2 =  
et

3 6 6
 2 = 8 – c2
 c2 = 6 29. (B) 3 sec x + 2 = 0
c= 6 ...[ c > 0] 2
 sec x =
rg

By sine rule, 3
a b c  3
   cos x =
sin A sin B sin C 2
Ta

3 1 3 1 6   5
    cos x = cos     = cos
sin A sin B sin 60º  6 6
3 1 3 1 6   7
   2 2 and cos x = cos     = cos
sin A sin B 3  6 6
2 5 7
 The principal solutions are and .
3 1 6 6
 sin A =
2 2
 x 1   x 1  
 A = 75º 30. (C) tan 1  1
  tan   =
Or A = 180º – 75º = 105º  x  2   x 2 4
 B = 180º – 75º – 60º = 45º   x 1   x 1  
  x 2 x  2 
Or B = 180º – 105º – 60º = 15º
 tan 1      = 
3 1 1   x  1  x  1   4
2 2   x  2  
sin B   x  2 

31
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)


x 2
 x  2   x2  x  2  =
k sin  B  C  sin  B  C 
= tan   sin  B  C 
x 2
 4    x  1
2
4  
= k sin (B + C)
2x  4 2
 =1 = k sin (180º – A)
3 = k sin A
1
x=± =a ...[By sine rule]
2
35. (A) By sine rule,
31. (A) cos 2 = sin  a b

 1 – 2sin2 = sin  sin A sin B
 2sin2 + sin  – 1 = 0 a sin A
 (2sin  – 1) (sin  + 1) = 0  = …(i)
b sin B

ns
1 Given, a cos B = b cos A
 sin  =or –1
2 a cos A
 =
 5 3 b cos B
 = , , …[   (0, 2)]
6 6 2 sin A cos A
  …[From (i)]

io
 There are 3 solutions. sin B cos B
 tan A = tan B
3  12 
32. (A) sin–1   + cos–1    A=B
5  13 

at
 ΔABC is an isosceles triangle.
2
3  12 
= sin–1   + sin –1 1   
5   13   cos A cos B cosC
36. (A)  

5
3
= sin–1   + sin–1  
  13
5
 
lic a b
b2  c2  a 2
c
a 2  c2  b2 a 2  b2  c2
2bc 2ac 2ab
3
5 5 3
2 2  = + +
= sin–1  1    1    a b c
 5  
13 13 5  …[By cosine rule]
ub
 
b2  c2  a 2  a 2  c2  b2  a 2  b2  c2
 3 12 5 4  =
= sin–1      2abc
 5 13 13 5 
a 2  b 2  c2 22  32  52 38 19
 56  = = = 
= sin–1  2  2  3 5  60 30
P

 2abc
 65 
56 37. (A) c(a cosB – b cosA)
 =
65  a 2  c2  b2   b2  c2  a 2 

et

= ac   bc  
 5   13   2ac   2bc 
33. (A) tan–1  tan  + cos–1  cos  a 2  c2  b2 b2  c2  a 2
 6   6  = 
2 2
       
rg

= tan–1  tan      + cos–1 cos  2    = a2 – b2

 6   6   
    cos 2A cos 2B
= tan–1   tan  + cos–1  cos  38. (A) 
 6  6 a2 b2
Ta

1  2sin A 1  2sin 2 B
2
    = –
= – tan–1  tan  + cos–1  cos  a2 b2
6   6   2
1 1 2sin A 2sin 2 B
  = 2 – 2 – +
=–  a b a2 b2
6 6
1 1  sin A sin B 
2 2
=0 = 2 – 2 –2  2  2 
a b  a b 
bsin B  csin C
34. (C) 1 1  a b 
sin  B  C  =  …  By sine rule, 
a 2 b2  sin A sin B 
=
 k sin B  sin B   k sin C  sin C …[By sine rule] 1 1
sin  B  C  = 2
– 2
2 3
k sin 2 B  k sin 2 C 1 1 5
= =  =
sin  B  C  4 9 36

32
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

1 3 rsin 
39. (A) 2tan–1   + cos–1   tan =
3   5   r cos 
 1  5
 2   = 2
4
= tan–1    2  + tan–1  
3
5 3
 1  3
1     2
   
3
1
2 =
3
–1  3  4
= tan   + tan–1   
8
  3 = –tan
9 6
3 3  
= tan–1   + cot–1   = tan    

ns
4   4    6 
  1  5
…  tan –1 x  cot –1     tan  = tan
  x  6
 5

io
=  =
2 6
5
1 1 1 1  Required polar co-ordinates are 5,
40. (C) tan–1   + tan–1   + tan–1   + tan–1  

at
6
3   5   7  
8  
 1 1   1 1  
      42. (A) tan–1(2x) + tan–1(3x) =
= tan  3 5  + tan  7 8 
–1 –1 4
  1  1  
1   3  
 5   
lic
1   1  1  
  
  7  8    tan–1 
 2 x  3x  
 =
1   2 x  3x   4
 8   15 
–1  15  –1  56  5x 
= tan   + tan   
ub
= tan = 1
 14   55  1  6x2 4
 15   56 
 6x2 + 5x – 1 = 0
4 3
= tan–1   + tan–1    (x + 1) (6x – 1) = 0
7  11 
P

1
 4 3   x = – 1 or x =
   6
= tan  7 11 
–1
But, x  0
1   4  3  
  7  
et

 11  
1
 x=
6
 65 
–1  77    A is a singleton set.
= tan   = tan–1 1 =
rg

 65  4
 77  43. (B) cos (2cos–1x + sin–1 x)
= cos [(sin–1 x + cos–1 x) + cos–1 x]
 5 3 5 
41. (D) (x, y)   ,   
Ta

= cos   cos1 x 
 2 2 2 
Using x = r cos and y = r sin, we get = – sin(cos–1 x)
5 3
2
5
= r cos and = r sin
2 
= – sin sin 1 1  x 2  
Now, r = x2  y 2 = – 1  x2
2 2
 5 3   5 2 1
=      = – 1  
 2  2
5  

75 25 24
=  =–
4 4 25
= 25 2 6
=–
=5 5
33
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

44. (D) Putting x = tan , we get a 2  c2  b2
cos B =
 1  tan   2ac
A = 2 tan–1   and
 1  tan    7k 
2
  9k    8k 
2 2

=
 1  tan 2   2  7k  9k 
B = cos–1  2 
 1  tan   66 11
= 
   126 21
tan  tan  
–1  a 2  b2  c2
 A = 2tan  4
 and
 1  tan  tan  
cos C =
2ab
 4 
 7k    8k    9k 
2 2 2

B = cos–1(cos 2) =
2  7k  8k 
  
 A = 2tan–1  tan      and B = 2 32 2
 4 

ns
= 
112 7
 
 A = 2     and B = 2 2 11 2
 4   cos A : cos B : cos C = : :
3 21 7

 A =  2 and B = 2

io
= 14 : 11 : 6
2
 48. (A) cos (tan (sin(cot–1 x)))
–1

A–B=  Let x = cot 

2

at
 cos(tan–1(sin(cot–1(cot )))
45. (D) By sine rule, A
a b c
= cos[tan–1(sin )]
    1 
sin A sin B sin C = cos  tan 1  

a

b

c b
lic c 

 cosec  
 
sin A sin B sin 90º 1
= cos  tan 1  
a b c   1  cot   
2
  
sin A sin B 1 C a B  
ub
1
a b = cos  tan 1 
 sin A = and sin B =  1 x  2
c c
sin (A – B) = sin A cos B – cos A sin B  cos[tan–1(sin(cot–1(cot )))]
a  a 2  c2  b2   b 2  c2  a 2  b  

= cos  tan 1  …(i)
P

=   –  1 x 

2
c  2ac   2bc c
…[By cosine rule] 1
Let  = tan 1

a  c  b  b  c2  a 2
2 2 2 2
1  x2
et

=
2c 2 1
 tan  =
a b
2 2
1  x2
=
c2
1  x2
rg

a  b2
2
 In right angled   cos  =
= 2 2 … 2 2  x2
a b ΔABC, c = a + b 
2 2

 1  x2 
46. (A) 3 cosec x + 2 = 0   = cos 1  
 2  x2 
Ta

2  
 cosec x = From (i)
3
4 5 cos[tan–1(sin(cot–1(cot )))]
 cosec x = cosec and cosec x = cosec   1  x2 
3 3 = cos cos 1  
4 5   2  x2 
 The principal solutions are and .  
3 3
1  x2
47. (D) a : b : c = 7 : 8 : 9 =
2  x2
Let a = 7k, b = 8k, c = 9k
b  c2  a 2  1  1  y 2  
49. (B) tan  sin 1 
2x  1
cos A = 2 
 cos 1  2 
2bc  2 1 x  2  1  y  
8k    9k    7k 
2 2 2

= =
96 2
 Put x = tan , y = tan 
2  8k  9k  144 3   = tan–1x,  = tan–1y

34
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

 1  1  y 2   52. (C) sin(cot–1(x + 1)) = cos(tan–1x)
 tan  sin 1   2x 1
2 
 cos 1  2 
 2 1 x  2  1  y    1   1 1 
sin sin 1  = cos cos 
 1 2 tan   1  tan 2     x  2x  2 
2
 1  x2 
= tan  sin 1   1
2 
 cos 1  2  1 1
 2  1  tan   2  1  tan    =
x  2x  2
2
1  x2

= tan  sin 1  sin 2   cos 1  cos 2  
1
2 2   1  x2 = x2  2x  2
 1 + x2 = x2 + 2x + 2
= tan  sin 1  sin 2   cos 1  cos 2  
1 1
 2x + 1 = 0
2 2 
1
x=
= tan   2   2
1 1
2
2 2 
= tan( + )  4  2 

ns
53. (C) tan  cos 1    tan 1   
= tan(tan–1x + tan–1y)  5   3  
  x  y    1  x2 
= tan  tan 1   Consider, cos–1x = tan–1  
  1  xy    x




io
x y   4  
2
=  1  
1  xy  5 
4 –1  
 cos–1   = tan 4

at
y 5  
–1
50. (A) cos x – cos = –1
 5 
2  
 y 
2

 cos–1  x   1  x 2  1     =   cos–1   = tan–1  

y 4 3


2  2  
lic 5   4  
 xy  4  2 
y2   tan  cos 1    tan 1   
 cos–1   1  x2  1   =  5   3  
 2 4 
 3  2 
ub
 xy  = tan  tan 1    tan 1   
4  y2  4   3  
 cos –1
  1  x2   =
 2 2    3 2 
 1  4  3  
xy y2 = tan  tan  
 1  x2 . 1  = cos    1  3  2  
P

2 4
  4 3  
y2   17  
2 1  x2  1  = 2cos  – xy
4  1  12     17   17
= tan  tan    = tan  tan 1    =
et

Squaring on both sides  6

     6   6
4 1  x 2  4  y 2    12  
= 4cos2 + x2y2 – 4xy cos 
 2  + cos–1  21  – sec–1 
4 2 
rg

4 – y2 – 4x2 + x2y2 + 4xy cos – x2y2 = 4cos2 54. (A) cosec–1 

3
4 – 4x2 – y2 + 4xycos = 4cos2  2  9 3
4 – 4cos2 = 4x2 + y2 – 4xy cos =   = =
4 3 6 12 4
Ta

4sin2 = 4x2 + y2 – 4xy cos

1  x 1
 1  1
55. (C) tan 1  1
  tan x
51. (B) Let y = cot    1  x 2
 3 1 1
1  tan–1(1) – tan–1(x) = tan x
 cot y = 2
3  3

  tan–1(x)
 cot y = cot     4 2
 3 
 tan–1(x) =
Principal value of cot–1x is (0, ) 6
 
y=–  x = tan
3 6
2 1
y= x=
3 3

35
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

56. (B) Let y = 2sin–1(0.8) 59. (A) In ABC,
sin y = sin(2sin–1(0.8)) a+b b+c c+a
 sin y = 2sin(sin–10.8) cos(sin–1(0.8))   =k …[Given]
7 8 9

 sin y = 2(0.8) cos cos 1 1   0.8
2
  a + b = 7k
b + c = 8k
…(i)
…(ii)
 sin y = 1.6 cos(cos–10.6)
c + a = 9k …(iii)
= 1.6(0.6)
 sin y = 0.96 Adding above equations,
2a + 2b + 2c = 24k
57. (B) Let p1, p2, p3 be the altitudes of PQR a + b + c = 12k …(iv)
Area of PQR P Solving equations (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
1
=  base  height We get,
2

ns
c P P2 b c = 5k, a = 4k, b = 3k
1 3
=  p1  a  c2 = a2 + b2
2
1 P1  ABC is right angled triangle
Area = p1a Q R  C = 90

io
2 a A
Area
 p1 = 2  …(i)
a
 Similarly,

at
2  Area c b
p2 = …(ii)
b
2  Area
p3 =
c
…(iii)
lic B
a
C
 By sine Rule,
1
a b c Area of ABC = ab sin C
  2
sin P sin Q sin R
ub
1
a b c = ab sin 90
Let   =k 2
sin P sin Q sin R
1
a b c =  4k  3k
 sin P = , sin Q = , sin R = 2
P

k k k
sin P, sin Q and sin R are in A.P. = 6k2
 a, b, c are in A.P.  A  ABC    6k 2  = 36k4 = 36
2 2

1 1 1  Now,  =
et

4 4 4
 , , are in H.P. …(iv) k k k
a b c
From equations (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get 60. (A) In ABC,
p1, p2 and p3 are in H.P. A + B + C = 180
rg

 1  x2  1  x2  
1  A + + B = 180
58. (A) Let T = tan   2
 1  x2  1  x2 
  
 A + B =
Ta

1
Put x = cos 2   = cos x
2 –1 2 2
2 A B 
 1  cos 2  1  cos 2    =
 T = tan 1   2 2 4
 1  cos 2  1  cos 2 
tan   and tan   are roots of equation
A B
 2 cos   2 sin   2 2
= tan 1  
 2 cos   2 sin   a1x2 + b1x + c1 = 0 …[Given]
 b1
 cos   sin    Sum of roots =
= tan 1   a1
 cos   sin  
b
tan   + tan   = 1
1  tan   A B
1   
= tan 1   = tan  tan      2 2 a1
 1  tan    4 
  1 Also, tan    tan   = 1
A B c
= +  =  cos–1x2
4 4 2 2 2 a1

36
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

A B 65. (A) Given, x, y, z are in A.P.
tan  tan
A B 2 2 , we get  2y = x + z …(i)
Using tan    =
 2 2 A
1  tan tan
B Also,
2 2 tan–1 x, tan–1 y, tan–1 z are in A.P.
 b1  2 tan–1 y = tan–1 x + tan–1 z

tan   =
a1
  2y –1  x  z 
4 c  tan–1   = tan  
1 1  1 y
2
 1  xz 
a1
 b1 2y xz
1=  
a1  c1 1  y 1  xz
2

 a1 – c1 = –b1 
2y

2y
…[From (i)]
 a1 + b1 = c1 1  y 1  xz
2

ns
 1 – y2 = 1 – xz
cos(A+B) sin(A+B) cos(2B)
 y2 = xz
61. (B) sin A cos A sin B =0
 x, y, z are in G.P. …(ii)
cosA sin A cos B
From (i) and (ii), we get

io
 cos(A + B) [(cos A cos B – sin A sin B)] x=y=z
+ sin(A + B)[sin A cos B + sin B cos A]
+ cos 2B[sin2A + cos2A] = 0 66. (D) By cosine rule, we get
 cos(A + B)  cos(A + B) a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A

at
+ sin(A + B)  sin(A + B) + cos2B = 0  3  1  2  3  1 cos(30)
2 2
=
cos2(A + B) + sin2(A + B) + cos 2B = 0
1 + cos 2B = 0  3
2cos2B = 0
 cos B = 0
lic = 3 + 1 – 2 3 
 2 


=4–3

 B = (2n + 1) for (n  Z) =1
2  a=1
ub
1  –1  1   Largest angle is angle B
62. (D) tan–1(1) + cos–1   + sin  
 2   2  c2  a 2  b2 1  1  3 1
cos B = = =
 2  3 2ca 2 11 2
=   =
 B = 120
P

4 3 6 4
63. (D) tan–1a + tan–1b + tan–1c =  tan 3x  1
67. (B)  3
+ b + c  abc 
–1  a tan3x  1
 tan   =
et

 1  ab  bc  ca  
tan 3x  tan
…[Using Shortcut 4]  4
= 3
a + b + c  abc  
 = tan = 0 1   tan 3x   tan 
1  ab  bc  ca  4
rg

 
 a + b + c – abc = 0  tan  3x   = tan  
 a + b + c = abc  4 3
 
Ta

64. (B) (a – b)2 cos2

C
+ (a + b)2 sin 2
C  3x – = n +
2 2 4 3
 
C
= (a2 – 2ab + b2) cos2 + (a2 + 2ab + b2) sin 2
C  3x = n + 
2 2 3 4
7
= (a2 + b2)  cos 2  sin 2 
C C  3x = n +
 2 2 12
C C n 7
–2ab cos2 + 2ab sin 2 x= 
2 2 3 36
 2C C  n 7 
2 2
= a + b – 2ab  cos  sin 2  Comparing with  , we get
 2 2 p q
= a2 + b2 – 2ab  cos C p = 3, q = 36
= a2 + b2 – (a2 + b2 – c2) …[By Cosine rule] 
p 3
 
1
= c2 = 42 = 16 q 36 12

37
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

68. (A) cos–1 p + cos–1 1  p + cos–1 1  q =

3
4
1
  
71. (B) x = cosec tan cos cot sec sin a 
1 1
 
Let t = cos 1 p      1 
= cosec  tan 1  cos  cot 1  sec  sec 1 
 p = cos t    1  a     
2

2
   
 p = 1 – sin2t     
1
 sin t = 1  p = cosec  tan 1  cos  cot 1  
2 
   1  a    
  
 t = sin 1 1  p
   1 
 cos 1 p  sin 1 1  p = cosec  tan 1  cos  cos 1  

   2  a 2   
 Given equation becomes
3   
1
sin 1 1  p  cos 1 1  p  cos 1 1  q = = cosec  tan 1   

ns
 2  a 
2
4 

  cos1 1  q 
2
3
4

= cosec cosec 1  3  a2 
  x = 3a 2

…  cos 1 a + sin 1a =

io
 2   x2 + a2 = 3
 72. (C) 8cos2 + 14cos + 5 = 0
 cos1 1 q 
 8cos2 + 10cos + 4cos + 5 = 0

at
4
  2cos(4cos + 5) + 1(4cos + 5) = 0
 1  q  cos    (2cos + 1) (4cos + 5) = 0
4  
1 5
 cos =
q=1–
1
2
lic 2
or cos =
4
5
1 But cos  = is not possible as
q= 4
2 cos   [–1, 1] for all values of .
ub
1
 16   cos  =
69. (C)  +  sin 1  sin 1   sin 1 
4 5
2
 5 13  65 
 2  4 
 16     , 
=  +  tan 1  tan 1   sin 1 
4 5
3 3 
P

 3 12  65 
  4 5   1
73. (A) cos2 – 2sin + =0
 1  3  12  16  4
=  +  tan    sin
1

et

 4 5
 1    65  1
 (1 – sin2) – 2sin + = 0
  3 12   4
 16  5
=  +  tan 1    sin 1   
63  sin  + 2sin – = 0
2

 16   65   4
rg


 16 
 4sin2 + 8sin – 5 = 0
=  +  cos 1    sin 1   
16
 4sin2 + 10sin – 2sin – 5 = 0
  
65  65  
 2sin (2sin + 5) – 1(2sin + 5) = 0

Ta

=+  (2sin – 1) (2sin + 5) = 0

2 1 5
3  sin = or sin =
= 2 2
2 5
But sin = is not possible as sin  [–1, 1]
2
70. (A) Let the angles of the triangle be 4x, x and x.
for all values of .
 4x + x + x = 180  6x = 180  x = 30
1
sin120o sin 30o sin 30o  sin =
  2
a b c

 a : (a + b + c)  sin  = sin
6
= (sin 120) : (sin 120 + sin 30 + sin 30) n n 
 =   1
3 32
=
2
:
2
 3:  32  1
 A = 1 and B = 6
6
A+B=7
38
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

74. (B) Let a and b be the lengths of two sides of a 77. (B) Let a, a + 1, a + 2 be the sides of the triangle
triangle. and A, B, C be the angles opposite to them
 According to the given condition, respectively.
a + b = x and ab = y According to the given condition,
C = 2A
 x2 – c2 = y  (a + b)2 – c2 = ab
 sin C = sin 2A
 a2 + b2 + 2ab – c2 = ab
sin C = 2sin A cos A …(i)
 a2 + b2 – c2 = –ab sin A sin C
a 2  b 2  c2 1 Note that  =k
 =– a a+2
2ab 2  sin A = ka and sin C = k(a + 2)
1  a +1   a + 2   a 2
2 2
 cos C =  Also, cos A =
2 2  a +1 a + 2 

ns
2 a 2  2a +1 + a 2  4a + 4  a 2
C= =
3 2  a 2  3a + 2 
c c c
 circumradius = = = a 2  6a + 5
2sin C  2  =
2  a 2  3a + 2 
3

io
2sin  
 3
a 2  6a + 5
 (i)  k(a + 2) = 2  ka 
2  a 2  3a + 2 
–1
75. (A) sin(cot x)

at
Let cot–1x = t
a  a 2  6a + 5
 x = cot t  a+2=
 1 + cot2t = 1 + x2 lic a 2
 3a + 2 
 cosec2 t = 1 + x2  (a + 2) (a + 3a + 2) = a3 + 6a2 + 5a
2

 cosec t = 1  x 2  a3 + 5a2 + 8a + 4 = a3 + 6a2 + 5a

1  a2 – 3a – 4 = 0
 sin t =  (a – 4) (a + 1) = 0
1  x2
ub
 a = 4 or –1
  1 But a = –1 is not possible.
 t = sin 1  
 1 x 
2
 4, 5, 6 are the lengths of the sides of the

triangle.
  1
 sin(cot–1x) = sin  sin 1 
P

  78. (A) Let three angles of the triangle be given as

 1 x 
2

   
1 A= ,B= and C = 
= 4 3 4 6
1  x2
et

Let a, b, c be the opposite to angles A, B, C

respectively.
  1
76. (C) Note that cot–1x = sin 1   and As
sin A sin C
 , we get
 1 x 
2
rg

a c
  a sin A
tan–1(1 + x) = cos 1  
1 Required Ratio = =
  c sin C
 1  1  x 
2
 
Ta

sin  
 sin(cot (x)) = cos(tan (1 + x))
–1 –1
= 4
   
 1  sin   
 sin  sin 1    4 6
 1 x 
2


sin
   4
=
= cos  cos 1  
1
   
   sin cos  cos sin
 1  1  x 
  2
  4 6 4 6
1 1 2
 = =
3 1
1 x 1  1  x 
2 2

 1 + (1 + x)2 = 1 + x2 =
2  3 1 
2
1
x=
2 =  
3 1 : 1

39
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

79. (C) A
cosA cos B cosC
82. (D) If = = , then the triangle is
a b c
equilateral. …[Using Shortcut 2(v)]
3 2
   A(ABC) = a
4
3 4 2
B C 3 1 
x D 3x =
4  6 
In ABD,
sin  BAD  sin  ABD  =
3
= 24
BD AD
3 1
= sq. units
sin  BAD  8 3
 2

ns
=
x AD
83. (B) cos(18o – A) cos(18o + A)
3x
 AD = …(i) – cos(72o – A) cos(72o + A)
2sin  BAD 
= cos (18 – A)cos[90o – (72o – A)]
o
In ADC,

io
– cos(72o – A) cos [90o – (18o – A)]
sin  CAD  sin  ACD 
= = sin (72 – A)cos(18o – A)
o
DC AD
– cos(72o – A) sin(18o –A)

at
1
sin  CAD 
= sin[(72 – A) – (18o – A)]
o

 = 2 = sin 54o
3x AD
 AD =
3x 84. (C) 3 sec2 = 2 cosec 
2 sin  CAD 
lic
…(ii)
3 2
From (i) and (ii), we get  =
cos 2θ sin θ
3x 3x 3 2
= 
2sin  BAD  2 sin  CAD  =
ub
1– sin 2θ sin θ
sin  BAD  6 1  2 sin2 + 3 sin  – 2 = 0
 = =
sin  CAD  6 6  (2 sin  – 1)(sin  + 2) = 0
1
 sin  =
P

 1  x  1 1
80. (C) tan 1    tan x 2
1 x  2
or sin  = –2, which is not possible
1
 tan 1  tan  x  = tan–1x
1 1
1 π
 sin  =
et

2 = sin
2 6
 3
 = tan x –1
π
4 2   = n + (–1)n , nZ
6

rg

1
 x = tan   =
6 3  2 
85. (B) tan sin 1    tan 1   
3
81. (D) x, y, z are in G.P.  5  3 
 y2 = xz
Ta

…(i)  3  2 
Also, tan–1x, tan–1y, tan–1z are in A.P. = tan  tan 1    tan 1   
  
4 3 
 2 tan–1y = tan–1x + tan–1 z
 x 
 y  xz 
 tan 1  2 
= tan 1  
…  sin 1 x  tan 1 
1 y    xz 
1  1 x 
2

y xz   3 2 
 =  1  4  3  
1 y 2
1  xz = tan  tan  
y xz   1  3  2  
 = …[From (i)]   4 3  
1  xz 1  xz
  17  
 2y = x + z = tan  tan 1   
 x, y, z are in A.P. …(ii)   6 
From (i) and (ii), we get 17
=
x=y=z 6

40
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

5 2 1 19 5
86. (B) (tan–1 x)2 + (cot–1 x)2 =  cos A + cos B + cos C =  
8 5 35 7
5 2 7  19  25 51
 (tan–1x + cot–1x)2 – 2tan–1x cot–1x = = =
8 35 35
 (tan–1 x + cot–1 x)2
 3π  1   π 
  5 2 88. (A) sin 1  sin  = sin sin  π –  
– 2tan–1 x   tan 1 x  =  4    4 
2  8
π
 = sin 1  sin  =
2 5 2 π
 – 2  tan–1 x + 2 (tan–1 x)2 =
4 2 8  4 4
3 2
 2(tan–1 x)2 –  tan–1 x –
8
=0
 
89. (A) 1  1  x tan x = 1  1  x

ns
 3
 tan–1 x = – , 1 1 x
4 4  tan x =
1 1 x

 tan–1 x = –  x = –1 Put x = sin 
4

io
1  1  sin θ
bc ca a b  tan x =
87. (B) Let   k 1  1  sinθ
11 12 13 2
 θ θ

at
 b + c = 11k ….(i) 1   cos  sin 
c + a = 12k ….(ii)  2 2
= 2
and a + b = 13k ….(iii)  θ θ
1   cos  sin 
From (i) + (ii) + (iii), 2(a + b + c) = 36k  2 2
 a + b + c = 18 k ….(iv)
lic θ θ
Now, (iv) – (i) gives, a = 7k 1  cos  sin
= 2 2
(iv) – (ii) gives, b = 6k θ θ
(iv) – (iii) gives, c = 5k 1  cos  sin
ub
2 2
Now,
θ θ θ
b2  c2 – a 2 2cos 2 2sin cos
cos A = = 4 4 4
2 θ θ θ
2bc
2cos  2sin cos
 6k    5k  –  7k 
2 2 2
4 4 4
P

=
2   6k    5k  θ θ
2cos 2  1  tan 
36k 2  25k 2 – 49k 2 4 4
= =
2 θ θ
2cos  1  tan 
et

60k 2
4 4
12k 2
= π θ 
60k 2  tan x = tan    …  tan  1
1 4 4    4 
rg

=
5 π–θ
x=
c2  a 2 – b2 4
cos B =
2ca  sin 4x = sin( – ) = sin  = x
Ta

 5k    7k  –  6k 
2 2 2

= 90. (B) sin x + sin 5x = sin 3x

2   5k    7k 
 2 sin 3x cos 2x = sin 3x
25k 2  49k 2 – 36k 2
=  sin 3x (2 cos 2x – 1) = 0
70k 2
1 π
38k 2
 sin 3x = 0 or cos 2x = = cos
= 2 3
70k 2
π
=
19  3x = n or 2x = 2nπ 
3
35
a 2  b 2  c 2 (7k)2  (6k)2  (5k)2 nπ π
cos C =  x= or x = nπ 
2ab 2  (7k)  (6k) 3 6

49k 2  36k 2  25k 2 π π   π 

= =
60k 2
=
5 x= , ...  x   0,  
84k 2
84k 2
7 3 6  2 

41
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

91. (B) sin ( – ), sin  and sin ( + ) are in H.P.  x2005 + x 2026 + x 2027 = (–1)2025 + (–1)2026

1
,
1
,
1
will be in A.P. + (–1)2027
sin  θ – α  sin θ sin  θ + α  = –1 + 1 – 1
2 1 1 = –1
 = 
sinθ sin  θ  α  sin  θ  α  95. (D) A, B, C are in A.P.
2 sin  θ  α   sin  θ  α   A + C = 2B
 =
sinθ sin  θ  α  sin  θ  α  Also, A + B + C = 180

2
=
2sinθ cos α  B = 60
sinθ sin 2 θ  sin 2 α By sine rule,
 sin2 – sin2 = sin2 cos  sin A sin B sin C
 sin2 (1 – cos ) = sin2    k
a b c

ns
α α
 sin 2 θ  2sin 2  = 4sin 2 cos2
α  sin A = ak, sin B = bk, sin C = ck
 2 2 2
a c
α  sin 2C + sin 2A
 1 – cos  = 2cos
2 2 c a

io
2 a c
α = (2 sin C cos C) + (2sin AcosA)
 cos2 = 1  2cos2 c a
2
a c

at
α = (2 ck cos C) + (2akcosA)
 2 cos2 – 1 = 1  4cos2 c a
2
= 2ka cos C + 2kc cos A
α
 cos 2 = 1  4cos2 = 2k(a cos C + c cos A)
2
ABC   2B
lic = 2kb …[ b = a cos C + c cos A]
92. (B) 2ac sin = 2ac sin = 2 sin B
2 2
3
= 2ac cos B =2 ….[ B = 60]
ub
c2  a 2  b2 2
= 2ac
2ca = 3
….[By cosine rule] 50
1
= c + a2  b2  tan
2 –1
96. (C) =p
P

r 1 2r 2
 3
93. (A) The given equation is defined for x  ,
50
 2 
2 2
.   tan
r 1
–1
 2 =p
 4r 
Now, tan x + sec x = 2 cos x
et

50   2r  1 –  2r – 1 

sin x
+
1
= 2 cos x   tan –1
  =p
cos x cos x r 1 1   2r  1 2r – 1 
 (sin x + 1) = 2 cos x 2 50
   tan  2r  1 – tan  2r – 1
rg

–1 –1
=p
 (sin x + 1) = 2 (1 – sin2 x) r 1
 (sin x + 1) = 2(1 – sin x)(1 + sin x)  tan–1(101) – tan–1(1) = p
 (1 + sin x)[2(1 – sin x) –1] = 0
 101 – 1 
 tan –1 
Ta

 2(1 – sin x) – 1 = 0  =p
 1  101 
 sin x   1 otherwise cos x = 0 and 
…
 tan x,sec x will be undefined  
100
= tan p
102
1
 sin x = 50
2  tan p =
 5 51
x= , in (0, 2)
6 6 x y
97. (C) If cos –1  cos –1 = , then
–1 –1
94. (A) cos x + cos y + cos z = 3 –1 a b
Since 0  cos –1 x  π, x 2 2 xy y2
cosθ + 2 = sin 
2
2
–
0  cos –1 y  π and 0  cos –1 z  π a ab b

Here, cos–1x = cos–1y = cos–1z =  y

Given, cos–1x – cos–1 =
 x = y = z = cos  = –1 3

42
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

Here, a = 1, b = 3 10  100 – 76
x2 2 xy y2
c=
 – cosα + = sin2 2
1 1 3
2
32
10  2 6
2
=
2 xy y 2
 x2 – cosα + = sin2
3 9 = 5 6
 9x2 – 6xy cos  + y2 = 9 sin2
  x 1  x2  
98. (A) A, B, C are in A.P. 99. (A) tan sin 1     sin 1 x 
  2 2  
 2B = A + C  
 3B = A + B + C   x  1  x2  
 3B = 180o = tan sin 1    sin 1 x 
  2  
 B = 60o  
  sin   cos     Put sin –1 x  

ns
c2  a 2  b2 = tan sin 1 
cos B =     ...  
2ca   2    x  sin  
c2  102  92     
 cos 60 = = tan sin 1 sin        
o
…[Let a = 10, b = 9]
2c 10     4  

io
1 c2  100  81   
 = = tan      
2 20c  4 
 10c = c2 + 19 

at
 c2 – 10c + 19 = 0 = tan =1
4

Evaluation Test
lic 2x 2x
1. (C) The maximum value of a sin x + b cos x is 2. (B) 16sin 16cos = 10
a 2  b2 . sin 2 x 2
 16 161 sin x = 10
 Maximum value of sin x + cos x is 2 and the
ub
2 16
maximum value of 1 + sin 2x is 2.  16sin x  2x = 10
 The given equation will be true only when 16sin
sin 2x
sin x + cos x = 2 and 1 + sin 2x = 2 Let t = 16
P

16
If sin x + cos x = 2 t+ = 10  t2 + 16 = 10t
1 1 t
 cos x  + sin x  =1  t2  10t + 16 = 0  (t  2) (t  8) = 0
2 2
 t = 2 or t = 8
et

 
 cos x cos + sin x sin = 1  16
sin 2x
= 2 or 16
sin 2x
=8
4 4
4 sin 2 x 4 sin 2 x
   2 = 2 or 2 1
= 23
 cos  x   = 1
rg

 4   4 sin x = 1 or 4 sin x = 3
2 2


1 3
x = 2n,  sin2 x = or sin2 x =
4 4 4
Ta

  
 x = 2n + ….(i)  sin2x = sin2   or sin2x = sin2  
4
6   3  
1 + sin 2x = 2  sin 2x = 1  
 x = n ±
or x = n ±
 6 3
 sin 2x = sin  7 5 11  4  2  5
2 x= , , , or x = , , ,
6 6 6 6 3 3 3 3

 2x = n + (1)n.  There are 8 solutions in [0, 2].
2
n  3. (A) sin x 8cos2 x = 1
x= + (1)n. ….(ii)
2 4
 sin x 2 2 cos x = 1 ….  8  2 2 
The value of x [, ] which satisfies both
  sin x |cos x| =
1
(i) and (ii) is .
4 2 2

43
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

Case I: 5. (A) sin4 x + cos4 x = sin x cos x
1  (sin2x + cos2x)2  2 sin2x cos2x = sin x cos x
If cos x > 0, sin x cos x =
2 2 1 1
1 (2 sin x cos x)2 = .2sin x cos x
1 1 2 2
 sin 2x =
2 2 2 1 1
 1  sin2 2x = sin 2 x
1 2 2
 sin 2x =  sin22x + sin 2x  2 = 0
2
 3 9 11  (sin 2x + 2) (sin 2x  1) = 0
 2x = , , ,
4 4 4 4  sin 2x = 1 ….[sin 2x  2]
….[ x  (0, 2),  2x  (0, 4)] 
 sin 2x = sin
 3 9 11 2
 x=

ns
, , , 
8 8 8 8  2x = n + (1)n
st th 2
But cos x > 0 (x must be in 1 or 4 Quadrant)
 3 n 
 the possible values are , . x= + (1)n
8 8 2 4

io
Case II:  5
 The value of x in [0, 2] are and .
If cos x < 0, 4 4
1
 sin 2x = 
1  There are 2 solutions.

at
sin x(cos x) =
2 2 2
6. (B) 3 cos x + 4 sin x = 5
5 7
 2x = ,  2 x   x 
4 4  1  tan 2   2 tan 2 
 3
 x=
5 7
,
lic  + 4
 1  tan 2 x 
=5
 1  tan 2 x 
8 8  2  2
 The values of x satisfying the given equation x
 3 5 7 Let tan =t
ub
between 0 and 2 are , , , . 2
8 8 8 8
 3  3t2 + 8t = 5 + 5t2  8t2  8t + 2 = 0

These are in A.P. with common difference .  4t2  4t + 1 = 0  (2t  1)2 = 0
4
1 x
t=  tan = tan 
4. (A) sin 3x = 3 sin x  4 sin x 3
P

2 2
1 x
 sin3x = (3sin x  sin3x)  = n +   x = 2n + 2
4 2
cos 3x = 4 cos3x  3 cos x
et

   2 
1 7. (D) tan  + tan    + tan     = 3
 cos x = (cos3x  3cos x)
3
 3  3 
4
Given, cos 3x cos3x + sin 3x sin3 x = 0 tan   3 tan   3
 tan  + + =3
rg

1 1  3 tan  1  3 tan 
 cos 3x  (cos 3x + 3 cos x)
4 tan (1  3tan 2 )  (tan   3) (1 3 tan )
1  (tan  3)(1  3 tan )
+ sin 3x (3 sin x  sin 3x) = 0 
Ta

=3
4 1  3tan 2 
1
 cos 2 3x+3cos x cos3x +3sin x sin 3x  sin 2 3x   0 9 tan  3tan 3 
4  =3
1  3tan 2 
 cos2 3x  sin2 3x + 3(cos 3x cos x
 3tan   tan 3  
+ sin 3x sin x) = 0  3 =3
 1  3tan  
2
 cos 6x + 3 cos 2x = 0
 4 cos3 2x  3 cos 2x + 3 cos 2x = 0  3 tan 3 = 3
 4 cos3 2x = 0 
 tan 3 = 1 = tan
 cos 2x = 0 4
 
 2x = (2n + 1)  3 = n +
2 4
 
 x = (2n + 1)   = (4n + 1)
4 12

44
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

9 3 bc ca a b 2(a  b  c)
8. (B) A(ABC) = 10. (D) Let   k =
2 11 12 13 36
abc
1 9 3 =
 bcsin A = 18
2 2
….(By property of equal ratio)
1 3 9 3  2 3  b + c = 11k, c + a = 12k, a + b = 13k,
  bc = …  sin A  sin  
2 2 2  3 2  a + b + c = 18 k
 bc = 18  a = 7k, b = 6k, c = 5k
b2  c2  a 2 b2  c2  a 2
cos A = cos A =
2bc 2bc
36k 2  25k 2  49k 2
2 (b  c)2  2bc  a 2 =
 cos = 2(6k)(5k)

ns
3 2bc
12k 2 1
1 (3 3)2  218  a 2 ==
 = 60k 2
5
2 218
1
  18 = 27 + 36  a2  cos A =

io
5
 a2 = 27 + 36 + 18 = 81
 a = 9 cm 11. (B) A

at
9. (A) n+1 n
B
B C
30
3 1
lic n+2
Let AC = n, AB = n + 1, BC = n + 2
 Largest angle is A and smallest angle is B.
105  A = 2B
45
ub
A C Since, A + B + C = 180
 3B + C = 180
Let B = 30, C = 45  A = 105
 C = 180  3B
sin A sin B sin C
   sin C = sin(180  3B) = sin 3B
a b c
P

sin A sin B sin C

sin105 sin 30 sin 45  = =
   n2 n n 1
3 1 b c sin 2B sin B sin 3B
 = =
 
3 1 sin30 n2 n n 1
et

3 1
 b=  2sin Bcos B sin B 3sin B  4sin 3 B
sin105 2sin105  = =
n2 n n 1
 
3 1 sin 45 3 1 2cosB 1 3  4sin 2 B
rg

c= =  = =
sin105 2 sin105 n2 n n 1
n2 n 1
A(ABC) =
1
bc sin A  cos B = , 3  4 sin2B =
2 2n n
Ta

n  1
1 3 1 3 1  3  4(1  cos2 B) =
=    sin105 n
2 2sin105 2 sin105
 1
2
 n 2  n
 3  4 + 4
   =
2
3 1  2n  n
=
4 2 sin (60 45) n 2  4n  4 n 1
1+ =
  n2 n
2
3 1
=   n2 + n2 + 4n + 4 = n2 + n
 3 1 1 1 
4 2       n2  3n  4 = 0
 2 2 2 2   (n + 1) (n  4) = 0
   n = 1 or n = 4
2
3 1 3 1
= = But n cannot be negative.
 3 1  2  n=4
4 2  
 2 2   The sides of the  are 4, 5, 6.
45
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

12. (B) A 15. (A)
 A
4
E O B
p
r 72 r 
8
D C B a C
5
360
In ODC, OD = OC = r, DOC = = 72 8
5
1 1 Let length of altitude = p
 A(ODC) = r.r. sin 72 = r2 sin 72

ns
2 2 Since, A + B + C = 
 5
5
 A2 = Area of pentagon = r2 sin 72  A+ + =
2 8 8
A1 = Area of circle = r2  5 
 A= 

io
=
A1 r 2 8 8 4
 =
A2 5 2 1 1
r sin 72 Area of  = ap = bc sin A
2

at
2 2
2 2 2  
= = sec 18 = sec  ap = bc sin
5cos18 5 5 10 4
1
13. (A) cos A =
b2  c2  a 2
2bc
lic  ap = bc 
2
bc
4  3  a2  p= …(i)
 cos 30 = 2a
4 3
ub
By sine rule,
3 7  a2
 =  7  a2 = 6 a
=
b
=
c
2 4 3   5
sin sin sin
 a2 = 1 4 8 8
a=1 ….[ a  1]
P


a sin 
1 1  b= 8 = 2a sin
= bcsin A =  2  3 sin30 1 8
2 2
2
et

1 3
= 3 = 5
2 2 a sin 5
c= 8 = 2 a sin
a  b  c 1 2  3 3  3 1 8
s = = =
rg

2 2 2 2
 = rs  From (i),
 3 2  5
 r= =  2a sin . 2a sin 5 
Ta

s 2 3 3 p= 8 8 = 2a sin sin
2a 8 8
3(3  3) 3 3 3 3 1
= = = 2a  5 
93 6 2 =  2sin sin 
2  8 8
14. (B) a4 + b4 + c4 = 2a2(b2 + c2) a   5    5   
 a4 + b4 + c4  2a2b2  2a2c2 = 0 = cos  8  8   cos  8  8  
2     
 a4 + b4 + c4  2a2b2 + 2b2c2  2a2c2 = 2b2c2
a   3 
b  c2  a 2  =   cos  cos 
2 2
 2
2bc =
2  2 4
 b2 + c2  a2 = 2bc a   1 
= 0    
b  c  a2 2
2bc 1 2
2  2 
 cos A = = =
2bc 2bc 2 a
 p=
 A = 45 2

46
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

A B a c
16. (A) tan and tan are the roots of the quadratic  sin 2C + sin 2A
2 2 c a
equation 6x2  5x + 1 = 0 a c
= (2 sin C cos C) + (2sin Acos A)
A B 5 A B 1 c a
 tan + tan = , tan tan =
2 2 6 2 2 6 a c
= (2 ck cos C) + (2ak cos A)
A B 5 5 c a
tan  tan
A  = 2ka cos C + 2kc cos A
 tan    = 2 2 = 6 = 6 =1
= 2k(a cos C + c cos A)
 2 2  1  tan A tan B 1  1 5
2 2 6 6 = 2kb …[ b = a cos C + c cos A]
AB = 2 sin B
 tan   1
 2  3
=2 ….[ B = 60]
AB 

ns
2
 =
2 4 = 3
  1
 A+B=  C= 20. (B) 2 cot1 3 = 2 tan1   = tan1 + tan1
1 1
2 2 3 3 3

io
 ABC is a right angled triangle.  1 1 
1  33  1  3  3 
1 = tan  1 1  = tan  
 acsin B  1     9 1 

at
ac
17. (C) r = = 2 =  3 3
s 1
(a  b  c) abc
6 1 3
2 = tan1   = tan
8 4
…[ sin B = sin 90 = 1]
ac a cb
lic 
 cot   2cot 1 3  =
 1
 r=  4   3
a cb a cb tan   tan 1 
4 4
ac(a  c  b) ac(a  c  b)   1 3 
ub
= = 2 2 1  tan tan  tan 
(a  c)  b
2 2
a  c  2ac  b 2 4  4
=
a cb   
= ….[ a2 + c2 = b2] tan  tan  tan 1 
2 4  4
3
 Diameter = a + c  b 1  1
P

= 4  43 = 7
18. (A) A = 55, B = 15, C = 110 1
3 43
4
a b c

et

= = =k
sin 55 sin15 sin110 1 a
21. (B) Let cos 1   = 
 a = k sin 55, b = k sin 15, c = k sin 110 2 b
 c2  a2 = k2 sin2 110  k2 sin2 55 a
 cos1   = 2
rg

= k2(sin 110 + sin 55) (sin 110  sin 55) b

 165 55   55 165  a
= k2  2sin  cos 2 =
cos   2sin cos  b
 2 2   2 2 
Ta

 1  a   1  a 
= k2 sin 165 sin 55  tan   cos 1    + tan   cos 1   
4 2  b  4 2  b 
= k2 sin 15 sin 55
   
= (k sin 55) (k sin 15) = tan     + tan    
= ab 4  4 
1  tan  1  tan  1  tan    1  tan  
2 2

19. (D) A, B, C are in A.P. =  =

1  tan  1  tan  1  tan 2 
 A + C = 2B 2 1  tan 2   2 2
Also, A + B + C = 180 = = =
1  tan 2  1  tan 2  cos 2
 B = 60 1  tan 2 
sin A sin B sin C 2 2b
  k = =
a b c a a
 sin A = ak, sin B = bk, sin C = ck b

47
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 13 a
22. (B) sin1 x + sin1 2x =  
3 7 b
  a = 13, b = 7
 sin1 2x =  sin1 x
3  a + b = 13 + 7 = 20
 
 2x = sin   sin 1 x  24. (B) sin1
4
+ sin1
5
+ sin1
16
 3  5 13 65
  4
cos (sin1 x) – cos sin (sin1 x) 4 
2 2

= sin1  1    
= sin 5 5 1 16
3 3 1     + sin
5  13  13  5   65
3 1 
 2x = cos (sin1 x)   x …. (i)
 4 12 5 3  16
2 2 = sin1      + sin1
Let sin1 x =   5 13 13 5  65

ns
 sin  = x  48  15  1  16 
= sin1   + sin  
cos  = 1  x 2  65   65 
 cos (sin1 x) = 1  x 2 ….(ii)  63   16 
= sin1   + sin1  
From (i) and (ii), we get  65   65 

io
3 1 
 1  x2  x 63 
2
 16 
= cos1  1     + sin1  
2x =
2 2
  65    65 
 4x = 3 1  x2  x  

at
1  16  1  16 
 5x = 3 1  x 2 = cos   + sin  
 65   65 
 25x2 = 3  3x2 (squaring both sides)

 28x2 = 3
3
lic =
2
 x2 =
28 25. (C) 2 = 1.414
 x=
3  2 2  1 = 2  1.414  1 = 2.828  1 = 1.828
ub
28  2 21> 3 ….[ 3  1.732 ]

 3
1 3 1 3
=  =
4 7 2 7
 tan1 (2 2  1) > tan1
(From the given relation it can be seen that x is ….[ tan1 x is an increasing function]
P

positive)

 2 tan1 (2 2  1) > 2 
 33     3
23. (B) L.H.S. = sin1  sin  + cos
1
 cos 
 7   7  
et

 A> ….(i)
 13   19  3
+ tan1   tan  + cot
1
  cot 
 8   8  sin 3  = 3 sin   4 sin3 
 2         3 = sin1 (3 sin   4 sin3 )
rg


= sin1 sin  5    + cos1 cos      1
  7    7  Put sin  =
3
    
+ tan1   tan     1
 8     = sin1
Ta

  
3
    
+ cot1   cot       1 1 
3
  1
  8   3 sin1   = sin1 3   4   
 2  1  3 
3  3  3  
= sin1  sin   cos   cos 
 7   7   4 
= sin1 1  
       27 
+ tan1  tan  + cot1  cot 
 8   8   23 
= sin1   = sin1 (0.852)
2 3 3 5  27 
=   
7 7 8 8 3 1.732
1 1  = 0.866, 0.852 < 0.866
….[ cos (x) =   cos x] 2 2
  13  sin1 (0.852) < sin1 (0.866)
=     = 2  
7 7 7 …[ sin1 x is also an increasing function]

48
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometric Functions

1  3 2 x 
 3 sin1   < sin1    = tan = 1
3 2x  1 4
 2 
 2 + x = 2x – 1
1 
 3 sin1   < ...(ii)  x=3
3 3
1 1 2
3
sin1   = sin1 (0.6) < sin1  
 3 28. (B) tan1 + tan1 = tan1 2
1  2x 4x  1 x
5  2 
 1 1 
   
3
 tan1  1  2 x 4 x  1  = tan1 2
2
 sin1   < …(iii)
5 3  1  1

1  x
From (ii) and (iii), we get  1  2x 4x  1 
1 3    4x  1  2x  1 2
B = 3 sin1   + sin1   <  =
+ =
1  2 x  4 x  1  1 x 2

ns
3 5 3 3 3
 6x  2 2
 B< ….(iv)  = 2
3 4 x  8x  1  2 x  1 x
2

From (i) and (iv), A > B  x2 (6x + 2) = 2(8x2 + 6x)

io
 6x3 + 2x2 – 16x2  12x = 0
  6x3  14x2  12x = 0
26. (B) cot1 x + cot1 y + cot1 z =
2  3x3  7x2  6x = 0

at
     x(3x2  7x  6) = 0
  tan1 x +  tan1 y +  tan1 z =
2 2 2 2  x(x  3) (3x + 2) = 0
 tan1 x + tan1 y + tan1 z =  2
 x = 0, 3, 
 tan (tan1 x + tan1 y + tan1 z) = tan  = 0
Let A = tan1 x, B = tan1 y, C = tan1 z
lic But x > 0,
3

tan  A  B   tan C  x=3

 tan (A + B + C) =
1  tan (A  B) tan C
 23 
ub
tan A + tan B 29. (A) tan1 2 + tan1 3 =  + tan1  
 tan C 1 23 
1  tan A tan B
=
tan A  tan B ….[ 2  3 > 1]
1  tan C 1
1  tan A tan B =  + tan (1)
P

tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan Btan C =   tan1 1

=  tan1 1 + tan1 2 + tan1 3 = 
1  tan A tan B  tan B tan C  tan C tan A
 tan (A + B + C) = 0  1  9 9  
et

30. (B) cos1   cos  sin  

 tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C  2 10 10 
 tan (tan1 x) + tan(tan1 y) + tan(tan1z)   9  9 
= tan(tan1 x) tan(tan1 y) tan(tan1 z) = cos1 cos cos  sin sin 
rg

 4 10 4 10 
 x + y + z = xyz
  9  
= cos1 cos    
1   4 10  
27. (A) cot1 x + sin1 =
Ta

 5  18  
= cos1 cos 
5 4

1   20  
 tan1
1
+ tan1 5 =    23  
x 1 4 = cos1 cos  
1   20  
5
  23  
  = cos1 cos  2  
20  
x
….  sin 1 x  tan 1   
 1 x 
2

 17    17
1 1 1  = cos1 cos    and 0 ≤ ≤
 tan  tan 1    20   20
x 2 4
17
 1 1  =
 x2   20
 tan1  1 1 = 17
 1    4  Principal value is .
 x 2 20

49