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Introduction to Mangrove, A Hydraulic Fracturing Simulator
Presentation · April 2015
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4285.7209
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Alireza Bigdeli
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1
Reservoir Simulation Presentation
Spring 2015
Should you require any
Prepared by : Alireza Bigdeli additional information,
please feel free to contact
me at following Email
address
Email : [email protected]
2
Lecture Contents
01
• Acknowledgement
02
• Mangrove Reservoir simulator
03
• Integrate reservoir data in the Petrel platform
04
• Optimize well completion designs
05
• Compare simulations to actual results
06
• Applications, Benefits, Features
07
• Unconventional fracture model
08
• Explicit reservoir model gridding
09
• Case study : Petro China
• summery
3
Mangrove Reservoir simulator
• Schlumberger announced the release of the Mangrove reservoir-
centric stimulation design software that enables better decision
making for well completion and fracturing programs on 14th June
2012
• Developed on the Petrel E&P software platform, Mangrove users
can access the shared earth model to facilitate program designs
for all types of reservoirs.
• “Economic development of unconventional reservoirs has been a
challenge with a purely geometrical approach to staging design and
perforation placement, and an empirical fracture treatment design,”
said Salvador Ayala, vice president, Stimulation, Schlumberger Well
Services.
4
With Mangrove software,
customers can be confident
in a scientific approach that
uses all available data in the
shared earth model to
enable the most productive
parts of the reservoir to be
optimally completed
• Mangrove reservoir-centric stimulation design
software offers the Completion Advisor for
perforation picking and staging that leverages
accurate reservoir definition, and includes predictive
complex hydraulic fracture as well as conventional
planar fracture models
5
The Mangrove software
and methodology currently
is available to customers
only through
Schlumberger engineering
services
• Mangrove methodology has already been used to optimize
completion designs in the Marcellus shale in North America,
eliminating screenouts and increasing production by more than
50 per cent on one well. The Mangrove Completion Advisor
workflow enabled the customer to engineer custom staging and
perforation designs instead of geometric perforation designs,
thereby enhancing stimulation coverage, flow rates and ROI.
6
Integrate reservoir data in the Petrel platform
• Through the industry-leading Petrel E&P software
platform, Mangrove stimulation design integrates
1. geological and geophysical (G&G),
2. petrophysical,
3. geomechanical,
4. and microseismic data.
The 3D mechanical
earth model shows
simulated hydraulic
fractures and
preexisting natural
fractures (orange and
cyan planes), together
with microseismic
data (purple and green
dots).
7
Optimize well completion designs
• A poorly completed well will not produce at
maximum potential. Mangrove stimulation design
uses an engineered process based on reservoir
characterization to provide smarter completion
designs.
• Whether you provide G&G data via 3D models,
well logs, offset wells, or pilot wells, completion
and stimulation designs can be customized to
increase ROI by producing the reservoir more
effectively.
8
Compare simulations to actual results
• Mangrove stimulation design workflow provides
estimates of proppant placement, fracture network
dimensions, and reservoir penetration based on
properties such as rheology, leakoff pressure,
friction performance, permeability, and closure
stress.
Mangrove software uses reservoir quality (RQ) and completion quality (CQ) to
optimize completion design with selectively placed perforation clusters.
9
Applications
1. Conventional and unconventional reservoirs
2. Vertical, deviated, and horizontal wells
3. Multistage completion design
The 3D mechanical earth model shows simulated hydraulic fractures and pre-existing natural
fractures along with microseismic data.
10
Benefits
1. Provides seamless integration through a single seismic-to-
simulation platform
2. Enables an engineered approach to completion design that
uses reservoir characterization for strategic staging and
perforation selection
3. Properly models both planar and nonplanar complex fractures
4. Accounts for vertical and lateral rock heterogeneity through
3D geological and geomechanical models
5. Delivers comprehensive post-treatment evaluation using
microseismic data
11
Features
1. Reservoir-, well-, and completion-specificb
workflows
2. Zoning and reservoir characterization
3. Multistage completion advisor
4. Numerical reservoir simulation
5. Complex hydraulic fracture models
6. Structured and unstructured gridding
7. Integrated reservoir modeling
8. Side-by-side scenario comparison
9. State-of-the-art visualization
10. Production forecasting and production history
calibration
12
• It can predict realistic fracture scenarios in
a wide range of applications. Two new models
are used to simulate hydraulic fractures:
unconventional fracture model and wiremesh
model.
Unstructured gridding displays the extent of reservoir drainage and the complex
hydraulic fracture network.
13
Unconventional fracture model
• UFM is a fully coupled numerical modeling
solution capable of simulating complex
fracture geometries while accounting for
reservoir heterogeneity, stress anisotropy,
and stress shadow effects. It efficiently
models the hydraulic fracture interactions
with the natural fractures while solving for
fracture propagation mechanics and proppant
transport
14
Wiremesh model
• The wiremesh model, a mathematical
representation of the hydraulic fracture
network, provides a quick estimate of
proppant placement and fracture network
dimensions.
Mangrove
stimulation design
empowers users to
maximize
production
performance and
ROI in tight sands,
shale, and
conventional
reservoirs
15
Conventional simulator
• The conventional hydraulic fracture simulator
models fracture growth into layers above and
below the pay zone, along with bi-wing
fracture extension. MultiFRAC* simultaneous
multizone fracturing simulates simultaneous
initiation and extension of multiple hydraulic
fractures
16
Explicit reservoir model gridding
• Mangrove software automatically generates
high-resolution simulation grids by explicitly
gridding the complex fracture networks while
capturing the fracture dimensions and
conductivities as well as tracking the propped
and the nonpropped regions in the networks.
This can be performed using the unstructured
or the structured gridding tools.
17
Pressure matching
• Mangrove software supports pressure-match
workflow. It presents a technique for consistent
analysis of pressure records during injection and
decline, including changes due to rate and fluid
viscosity variations.
• It is also used to match simulated and measured
fracturing procedures within specified limits.
This process uses the prescribed treatment
parameters (slurry injection rates, proppant
concentration, etc.) to simulate fracturing
pressures for a given set of fracture parameters.
18
Case Study:
PetroChina Changqing Increases Initial Well Production
Three-fold in the Ordos Basin
• Challenge: Increase oil recovery in tight sand reservoirs
by using horizontal drilling techniques, improving fracture
placement, and enhancing fracture surface area.
• Solution: Use Mangrove engineered stimulation design to
build a 3D reservoir model and simulate complex fractures
based on interactions between hydraulic fractures and
natural fissures.
• Result: Realized 3.6 and 4.4 times higher initial production
in two pilot wells than in conventional vertical wells,
increased 3-month production 50% more than in best
offset horizontal well, reduced reservoir-to-wellbore
pressure drawdown 50%, stimulated desired surface area
with approximately half the fracturing fluid of the original
desig
19
Tight wells required advanced completion and
fracturing techniques
• China’s Ordos basin, the second-largest
sedimentary basin in the country, has proven
reserves estimated at 10 billion tons.
Historically, field development has been
economical, but due to low permeability, many
of the wells have had low yields. To increase
recovery, PetroChina Changqing partnered
with Schlumberger to increase effective
fracture surface area, optimize fracture
placement, and apply horizontal drilling
techniques in two wells
20
PetroChina Changqing used fracture simulation and
monitoring services to optimize stimulation treatments
• Schlumberger recommended the
unconventional 3D fracturing design workflow
within Mangrove software to help optimize
completion and fracturing designs—without
replacing the existing multistage fracturing
tool. The team built a 3D reservoir model
from log correlations and interpretations, as
well as seismic and reservoir studies
21
• From there, the unconventional fracture
model simulated complex fractures based on
fracture induced stress shadows and
interactions between hydraulic and natural
fissures. PetroChina Changqing and
Schlumberger selected optimal fracture
placements based on reservoir and completion
quality. StimMAP LIVE* microseismic
monitoring service helped engineers optimize
fracture placement and fracture surface area
during each stage of the treatment.
22
In this case, the Mangrove 3D reservoir model was built from well log
correlations (left). Curved surfaces and zones were extracted to capture
detailed formation variation from well to well (right).
23
The Mangrove software’s 3D unconventional fracture model visualizes the interactions
between hydraulic fractures and natural fissures. Based on microseismic monitoring,
the natural fissures models (left) and reservoir model (right) are calibrated between
every stage. This calibration helped PetroChina Changqing achieve the desired
surface area with only 50% of the designed fracturing fluids.
24
summery
• Mangrove engineered stimulation design is built on the industry
leading Petrel*E&P platform which links reservoir
characterization, stimulation, and production simulation and
helps optimize completion designs in conventional and
unconventional reservoirs.
• In addition to the conventional planar fracture simulation
models, two new unconventional fracture simulation models i.e
UFM (Unconventional Fracture Model) and the wiremesh model
are incorporated in the software that can simulate complex
hydraulic fracture networks.
• Mangrove, therefore, enables optimized completion design which
helps in maximizing production performance and improved ROI
in tight sand, shale, and conventional reservoirs.
• Uesrs: Reservoir Engineers, Geoscientist, Stimulation Engineers
and Asset teams to the Mangrove Software
25
Choose a job you love, and you will never
have to work a day in your life.
""Confucius""
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