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3B. MEAs

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3B. MEAs

cvbnmvbnm

Uploaded by

brianmusto99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXAMPLES OF MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL

AGREEMENTS (MEAs)

1. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and


Flora (CITES), 1973. Examples include tigers, elephants and elephant products,
sea turtles, chimps, etc.
2. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, 1985.
3. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, 1987.
Substances such as CFCs, Halons, Methyl Bromide, etc.
4. The Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movement of Hazardous
Wastes and their Disposal, 1989. Hazardous wastes are toxic, poisonous,
explosive, corrosive, flammable, eco-toxic, and infectious substances.
5. The UN Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992. Includes diversity of plant and
animal life, diversity of genetic differences between species.
6. The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, 2000. The protocol aims at
• Protecting biological diversity from potential risks posed by living modified
organisms resulting from potential risks posed by modern biotechnology.
• Establishing an Advance Informed Agreement (AIA) procedure for countries.
• Establishing a biosafety clearing-house for information exchange.
7. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 1992.
8. The Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC, 1997. Annex I (developed countries as
listed in UNFCCC) countries to reduce a basket of six GHGs, including carbon
dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, and
sulphur hexafluoride, by at least 5% below 1990 levels in the period 2008-12.
Developing nations to participate under the Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM).
9. The UN Convention on Combating Desertification, 1994.
10. The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain
Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade (PIC), 1998.
11. The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), 2001. POPs
include DDT, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Dioxins,
Furans.
12. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), 2003. The
convention has a direct implication on the following:
• Tobacco advertising and promotion
• Package design and labeling
• Misleading claims and descriptions
• Taxation
• Agriculture and subsidies
• Smuggling (illicit trading)
• Health before trade
• The right to a smoke-free environment.

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