Safety Capacitors
Overview
Film and Ceramic safety rated
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Electromagnetic Compliance
Products are subject to meet EMC
standandards
Mains Voltage Power is a network and devices must
protect from noise but most important
120/220 VAC
50/60Hz not to generate interferance
Devices can affect one another
Isolation between devices is needed
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Voltage Surges due to Lightning Strikes
Lightning around an area
can induce high voltage
spikes into the line
Safety Capacitors must be
able to safely withstand
pulses.
120/220 VAC
50/60Hz
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What are Safety Capacitors?
Primary Functions
Interference suppression capacitor, is designed
to aid in the filtering of AC line voltages
Safety rated to be used on line-to-line and
line-to-ground applications
Return path to differential mode or common mode currents
Survive high voltage transients
Reliable under constant AC line voltages
with safety failure mechanisim
Meet IEC 60384-14 / UL 60384-14 standards
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How do we Reduce EMI on AC Line?
AC Line Filter
AC
Line
Ground
Line /
Neutral
AC
Chokes Class X Capacitors Class Y Capacitors
• Differential Mode • Line to Neutral • Line to Ground
• Common Mode • Line to Line
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Sub Classification
Per IEC 60384-14
Subclass Peak Impulse Application Peak Impulse before CLASS X
Voltage in Service endurance test
Specifically designed to be
>2.5 kV High pulse application 4 kV per C ≤ 1µF used across AC line to
X1 ≤ 4.0 kV (Industrial) 4/√C kV per C >1µF neutral.
General purpose 2.5 kV per C ≤1µF
X2 ≤ 2.5 kV
(Home appliance) 2.5/√C kV per C >1µF Protect against differential
mode interference
Subclass Rated Voltage Type of Bridged Peak Impulse before
Insulation endurance test
Double insulation or
CLASS Y
Y1 ≤ 500 Vac reinforced Insulation
(Industrial)
8 kV
Specifically designed to be
≥ 150 Vac
Basic insulation or used from the AC line to
Y2 ≤ 500 Vac
supplementary insulation
(Home appliance)
5 kV chassis.
Protect against common
Example → X1 400 VAC / Y2 250 VAC mode interference
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Substitution
Can you substitute one class with another?
For Ceramic Safety capacitors
Class Substitution1 the DC voltage rating is up to the
RMS voltage rating.
X1 Y1 or Y2 250VAC 250VDC
X2 X1, Y1, or Y2
Y2 Y1
Y1 None
Film Safety capacitors on the
1Substitutions other hand vary in DC rating
are of the same or higher voltage rating
higher than the RMS voltage
760VAC 1500VAC
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Automotive Environments
Applications
PFC Capacitor Resonant Capacitor
X Capacitor Y Capacitor DC Link Output Capacitor
On board Charger Motor Inverters Fast Battery Disconnect
• Connection to the grid • Electric Shock • Impulse voltage
• Safety agency certification • Electric Hazard • High voltage disconnect
required
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8
Safety Capacitors Types
Film MLCC Ceramic Disc
Capacitors
Operating Voltage up to 760VAC 250V AC Operating Voltage Operating Voltage up to 760VAC
Temperature up to 125°C Temperature 125 °C Temperature up to 125°C
5 kV and 2.5 kV Impulse Rated 5 kV and 2.5 kV Impulse Rated 5 kV and 2.5 kV Impulse Rated
470 pF to 10 µF 3pF to 22nF 10 pF up to 10 nF
(Metalized paper and film) (C0G and X7R) (X7R and Y5R)
X1, X2, Y1, Y2 Classes X1/Y2 and X2 Classes X1, Y2 Classes
Advantage: Advantage: Advantage:
Automotive and harsh
Size reduction and high density Low pF range and slim profile
environment capability
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9
Safety Film Capacitor
Product Highlight
R41-T Series
Class X1 Class Y1 ▪ IEC-60384-14 THB Grade IIIB:
85°C, 85% RH, 1,000 hours at 300
R47 440Vac -110 °C P295 500Vac -115 °C VAC – 1500 VDC
R49 330Vac -110 °C PME295 480Vac -115 °C
PHE844480Vac -105 °C ▪ Y2/X1 Solution per UL, ENEC and
PHE845760Vac -105 °C CQC standards
F871 330Vac -110 °C
F872 480Vac -110 °C
AEC 125°C THB
F873 760Vac -110 °C Class Y2 Rated
P278 480Vac -110 °C
Q200 85/85
PME271E 300Vac -110 °C R41-T 300Vac -125 °C
R41 300Vac -110 °C
PME271Y 300Vac -115 °C
F881 300Vac -110 °C
Class X2 F863 and F862 Series
R46 310Vac -125 °C
•Harsh Environment Applications
R47 520Vac -110 °C
F861 310Vac -110 °C •IEC-60384-14 THB Grade IIIB: 85°C,
F862 310Vac -110 °C 85% RH, 1,000 hours at 300 Vac – 1500
F863 310Vac -110 °C Vdc
PME264 660Vac - 85 °C
PME271M 275Vac -110 °C
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10
Ceramic Safety Capacitor Offering
CAS Safety SMD
C900 Series ER Series KJ Series
(AC, AS, AH) (ERO, ERK, ERP) (KJN, KJY)
400Vac 400Vac
400Vac
X1 440Vac 440Vac X1 250 VAC / Y2 250 VAC
440Vac
760Vac 760Vac
X2 250 VAC
250Vac
250Vac
Y1 400Vac 500Vac Up to 5 kV Pulse Capable
400Vac
500Vac
Industrial Grade
250Vac 250Vac
Y2
300Vac 300Vac Case Sizes
1808-2225
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11
Key Takeaways
Film MLCC Ceramic
Capacitors Disc
AEC-Q200 Automotive options 250V AC Operating Voltage Operating Voltage up to 760VAC
R41-T Series 125°C Temperature 125 °C Temperature up to 125°C
IEC-60384-14 THB Grade IIIB: 85°C,
85% RH support for harsh 5 kV and 2.5 kV Impulse Rated Available in X1 and Y2 Class
environments and Automotive
X1/Y2 and X2 Classes in Low capacity capability:
X1, X2, Y1, Y2 Classes capacitance from 3pF to 22nF 10 pF up to 10 nF at high voltage
High capacity values : High density, miniaturization Slim form factor using X7R and
470 pF to 10 µF high voltages Temperature stable options Y5R dielectrics
dielectric C0G as well as X7R
Self Healing dielectrics
(Metalized paper and film)
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