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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
12 views21 pages

Ia2 Scan

Uploaded by

niharikah4020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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jintrene

nalow band Cahie& is nSt Suprened. Impulies


n
eites gide
lowe ufpes tide bndr
thanniMim band wid th - 2fm
bservah on
is no nliese votiotin in wawe
huve
inpide the act
wane
spetal Camsnent. he No fm
yeiultount ) Hhe gide band phasors
He coahier
15
an

mCtHat)
tet mt) be eayeal to Attt tos Am loszafat.
be the Sio Bingl tone modulatag

2ntm

led^kt

uhere peviodie, with a pe niod 7m


Cr be Terey eated uing

Series
has a cSapln fourier
ett let
Hhen
tat
abve present
cmteat
-5
ceyn afm
beLom;

(smpued

’ bandFu
frogexhes Reamangigs ÍfSin2tut
Sfm
SFmltl t)

Bemel A Ae
n-wen
oddn= wieingtmeh t Real Keal (n
e et
ep7enin
donah

tsne
neh

Couposed i!J A=-0


ally
debandtet
he
wie

band
CoMier
FM

terized ts
wi heqncies
spaed ingihaw

ah
auplih

wwe FM
te-fm. for
able
sig ansmiai
Bandwid > thefu
lrye nifi B
cant. mull
valy cGntuins tignal
(ompared sideband
hen, Ac unmodlated
n

ynfant de
Yad) cided eueug Lpoiduleraunla s
CanieY
by 1
wawe
de
Talf) bandteMaytde
0
porey
when
unmodulaled
n
>f.
Wssieshave byon d
whih
nont

tnapsdiy defad
t 4eneyahg
2ndire
eted
valtagerdance
aLco e>
uliplid
Disect Dindinet
by Jndiet

cmtoled neth neuling phaye


od:
e
NBF
odulahag thod
osilaoT.
Caier
o
Naow
wave
bard
dttigued the
atoo. Jesied
)rystal
osilater
'Miltla] FM
fM
casie bad
elhply &ignat
vt diredly wane
Wae
by
Aeviation. He
abied V
Semlt) wens is

The
Ware oncephal A
NGFM

BEmlt1
Aecosl 2
deried
muliplied
ime he
g
miniiie vhere upon
ou 8feltl=
put outpwt
doncain simpiti
cation
cn
kept Br
wide
device ic
s
a be Aeos by
a lineah
device
nn-
dereiphn. band destosha t e
ew
hen Lnanoyband

BPF nht Modulati


Han 1nden

+ o-3ads

is
wae piee
BF
M
iven havins
by odlaty
tt-tsttty
pllowiy he
-A
ethod:
Dircct
v6tye ’
ypicl (orephuel hauing
mtMed widodlatoY
e NGEM
in
band Blok
osulatey
i_kly NgM
[Modulat diag
NG
deuiahon
loTduae g
YUnant uodlate for tenlered

be s.ce)_generaby
netwerk at
h
OLuluor wide canieY
dulahygual in 41=4-SMHz
whih baad

the
t

wherl, where, by: -1he cal ed


aeg Hhe
sub to Anune
agplacd, V5ltaqe apau
sh isCCH)= lase tne
tubag tae varactoY
t
o kedettthat
in capaci + voniable m applicd o
capai
ac oscil ahon a
taco(prfut)
nie avonYeveree
change hne
in
Sneyoidal capai wuedbe

ct toY. a biased
he
tunle
Capaabiene
i MoaMu heantey
dulven akng vorachvdiode
S) by otil atoy
i
odulafim
qven i
depeneds
Vo Blak

MM

As
-
nsldekutge . diuedulahon deknosvien a is
devite
knoun produe
hr
hgutay
a indivety a
franily
modulato
Aiitneilnaintanwcoyhose chatacterish
diseviaiaabr3. which
demodalahm can Kat
be is
pupose alhed inee
an
Aultude sCE) Wawe (i'xuut:
defectonis iqual
kuoun an
into
to
vaNahon au
Tuned
iuit
Am
7e0alhng igual
pe qvei
deectn.
sloAoere
in awl
W
a
initd
vohiel
vIhiahiou aMge
Tesponse
ihese

coMiy y

hequeuy
4) 1)
te slopt
ideal iYit
slope s
sp
irut onse S
ideal
conpumentay low slope
pan cet
flber
dicrininatbr
tat
yulent
past b
s)

Hal!)

beleikor

pilat tlgual, woawe.


-led 1e he
it Ngltl Mulkplus
provide
bto
e
devene
paduct awaulabu
is
iynal
DKft
klos +

in
senaulhylwng
sceMi
ame er,
malhplend modu i nal
rekrenu
latort hdetmonof
n
ox is
ft
transmtki by
signal honie
tHnekby 38kilo npo:eed
a
for 1 i tner at
Healo |DovBLER fn
cub-vecephon. skieo
herent inldes preduuing Cotenfet
in
taNhiey
detechion klz19 modlaDsBsappled
a
a bondbue fem
tud.
] ple
(ahier We - -
a) A A (ulkrlercd
we iyoidal phae lofheukedloot locked
(heseo p signal)
modahor
dirtt
that egeter h boked
Naher
dkHz
jencvator
, wkese Coop (enked at
Base
band
d
Veo LIF
is Cmik
Zeo,
is
adj dousler
e us Melt)+
Myt)
condiins ked
initaly B0we.
dekmie (amponenh band
LIF
Bare
are meylt)
8lillator mulhplatin, whih
can

uat
Sulato) applied whert
byLet The where,
hws
kv
is y
(t vo L Buppuse Mwe
Ac
is
the mese d olp
he Av Ct)
wme Cos tn
vLo ie itehreca
[enfet
cencept
phese e amplitude
senihiyi ile,
velated veo Loop
+
,1))
amplitedewith a afplied
c
to
by odulator.
fatnHhe
vlteye He
plau
olpt) cnble oked
vCt)
tt thea
were bop
equ
d'-lferenkal bygiven Cocked
phase
inteynal
q bloc
convÑluhon bekarind
te
elr)ulrt-)dr
=vlt) iaynanic Bin he
t ain
aupibde
Mulipier
by NeAv
kky
ko=
defred descriphve od
dt
CaieY
-0 is n
ov()utput htaia sefetve dt
-Ac
Av
We Yhi
hirh
¢:tH)]
od
inin +
)() (t)
¢,
t,d, +
tine lt)
de (unft
wiu
rodue
Sin it
Av la
to A,
kijk km
¢elt)
-
Aedinq
i)
.)Linulditheg
aded which
n (onpahed
is ¢.(t)
tis hwhen
Cock.
phae
elated b
oel
this acerate to
to dt phave
to
model when _pLL Coopt e
unity Sinusoiolal
input
hen leod
o7
Clincan]
¢ect)
e
Soud t) oced
may
he <
o.s at
(oop
ct)
Lonea
lgevey i! loe rads Hhe
by he
lercashe
vlt) - ies
Model appyo
nn

)
fhe mulayfor >
conupleri
fhe hy {he A
bontwisigwal
denalti,
wmsgboueband.
Noisymodel )n
;lteyed
taacke transfer
noise blt)
os Noise
nmodulated
ilter.
loop that hey hne
at
veo ) b14) el)
- chalacteriscd
loople
) xlt) ht-
band
Sin
deteid
te
hould
pun ineoniny
ignal. )
t dr
be
ponent.
plase iltey
rerticled
B deodlatoy
tantantow
whose
output W
output
6t

bae
fned de
is to HCf)by
Ru eeh
Hat is
oond
bat
LPF wider
- i)
Koltl-lt) We 1he
noity :.sCt) dehae
nl6) inteinya
vt):ton
olt)= Reneltont A
: te
: sCt) igaal at
Ae
cos
=
t) fM
tt) cos[2xtet +
biyral
cuier
hoise [ift s:
+ tH) b)
-
wawe nCt)
tan' lt)
+
4 t olt)]
T) ,
bandponlts s
tt)]
&in
CvlH) Yaio. +
t)[osfet
baud
oity
se
-QLt)] Uniom ’
"lp is nelope

itie ad Due -uteo


signel nasow baWe which Can Unewe
tut
to note
ndlt) =
yuadhhuse a
ts tat diseriina toy
vet)= Lktt) ltl dt
ndt) Tas.27
npy nnoice
k{
afpen Mlt) olp is Input
dt
Copneat we +
wiihen
nd
phase
valiahsy lt)
5mbinatin it
phase
hat Cult) n
filered unforly
distyk
-
¢lt)]
noie
in.) by:(onding
cone,lhe
fouer
ne ahahut
()= spetod
deniby

A2 power
Nof
A noise
tewise
noiteaNylr aio
hemise 1

is
dend

M mlt, n

nyhi -ihe
state
channlBignel toaug
power
pdividoendedbanlier we
wlo 2 Hat
tat
the
in deteniid
Kie the
un SNko,M 3Ak avycamier
neise mwd olp
the he
uleted ignal to
avy
cathi
noiie igpoaer
analolp
inal oise
poe
t Yathio
noi4e &ltl= 1

Tatio A higl, by

is
kf'p
i) 1)
What A
hy: )
cahieY wodlate amgltdeNuetyias
ha
An
is Sine,
he unnodulaed
aMir
is
bw it LOo
isCamie)
waveora.
ocupied tm - a MH.
A sine
in A
by Fsk let
iquul sinusoidal
nodulated +
k
domoin
een wawe
warcpu! deviahim orm

hg 4
BT
20otz =

deviaton Aoldal E
22
lokltz =

deviaho kz
?
modtaiay
af
is whet apled
i awave
to
na
He the fn
inreared
noulahan aupide
deposhst
index1 thathet sv
Phaei) b)
i)
Deviai hy
2l=Wattso
Loslz 44
deviaton on de
yaho viation
;
Af
4w
= Aw= Aw
(tl=
4f
=4000oN Looo0 doi
lt)
+
2
X 3oooo

Lo
in

3000tílk
os3ooont

by

powern A0
=

he an
s loil4)lm-anoc
2ooo7t 3-33 =

gnal.
laledodu
4
16
in
300371

Delerine

the
-
el -
Advantgu
it dengn.Sinpler iuihDitgail Eaier Bewi
t Lu
ve Quantoaha
pecs
aowt Diaadvantagu
Atiantaget uanizah Q(78 Pulee Tine -
vibsatiot Vule Low Wy
introuchn
Lntdo
(1-)
ens to prn
iatqyate
Rerbies.to poi aplihdl
diniyi digo
ken o choracterite hn onahpling hse
sce
inerpovat Ý a
noileto (7-8)
noise
aaloy MoDULE-3!
n nuhplexing
odulahom
pora odula pae toes()
n hoe anel
tan oq
ayoiskd SAMPLING
aUANT
ho(4)
uh changu. Cgl (3s)
ulhyleing vahon hu)

plyiol
clets gnal
#
dednqe. dekehion

divat wigh sampling. inwalteyres. apont ai sape


everbtWe
yseYecomdy. yalizah
sdaphie
delka ng
the
& gG) be
SaLgltn) plfinegen
de an k
nsted
hn,eleenk
lsapiny
am nate
plingbouyplpevtinyod intantsequeneaneouslyi altsiitgrnala
by
ced 9a7:)
the calledi4

T:perbtained
nodie wlsuplus
ere, at
ond1
part
n

unior
tukesspaed

vate
inplenent
al
s i4e
poniale Secn
ideal
wfment
wite a whe,6() is Signal. -Yhe
viewtdnay be
idcel
poaibu it
saled
is dualhy
shicty
(onuplen
case be
sianad
Amply ropes
band Janpled
jdcof
ty Soutier 9Sl4)
ing erentahon
veprf:s
liuilas )
that kaanpiay
ate. has
ceaenee
Saunpiu the tranlm
pevidiuc a
the wit Maheahial
fT
deteinl
is enpl-j sput J4)
o t!

frm
butay 1l2w -fedMenee,
2w Bubsituhay by
sptrum Cho e the
subsi
hting
G)
G()
fouia
d2w6lo4sC)
)

2
-wefeuw tat M0
M=-N
4(mf4-s)
pNenbe
-W
-V

shilh

fhe
bud
-W
2W

-
W

ate.
dekibichm is
)
intantantoy
l: ihe
(omitut
Louevele

ManneY Calles
chosea tt
renod skpeined 2in
in
velue auordane
desuribed
abne.
T.
bampe
his eah with

6em e.
|hl3)
,t:T octel
ty
di_he
Reoeringmlt) -
wheyl, Taking qehhle t). -cally
PAMkeu
`lt) whlre fh
eeuivalent fime
-S( tanLowgl
insttanped
ny
Reumitiwtm hl4) Mslt|#ht) = -
to = n1) n

ee mlisauTr)
SCt-nTs)
m
tonvslutsn aTe)
h-nTs)
S

Siynal. m
&
lt),
N
-0 I-0

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