Activity 1.

1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers the
question.

1. What is the difference between chemical families and resistance management groups?
a) Several chemical families with similar modes of action are grouped into a Resistance
Management Group.
b) Several Resistance Management Groups with similar modes of action are grouped into a
chemical family.

2. What are the differences between the pyrethrin chemical family and the synthetic pyrethroid
chemical family of insecticides (pick all that apply)?
a) Pyrethrins are derived from Chrysanthemum flowers whereas synthetic pyrethroids are
chemically produced in a laboratory.
b) Pyrethrins have a higher toxicity whereas synthetic pyrethroids have lower toxicity.
c) Pyrethrins are less residual whereas synthetic pyrethroids are more residual.
d) Pyrethrins are not affected by sunlight whereas synthetic pyrethroids breakdown quicker
by sunlight.

3. Which group and active ingredient of insecticides are registered for use to control cockroaches in
dwellings?
a) Group 1A - propoxur
b) Group 3 – pyrethrin, permethrin, cyfluthrin
c) Group 4 – imidacloprid
d) Group 5 - spinosad
e) Group 6 – abamectin
f) Group 8 - boric acid, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate
g) Group 20 – hydramethylnon
h) Ungrouped Insecticide – silicon dioxide

4. What is a non-lethal means to prevent pigeons from roosting on a building roof?

a) Use of polybutenes
b) Use of 4-aminopyridine
5. What is bait shyness?
a) A nibbling habit of rodents that allows it to determine if a food is good.
b) Avoidance of new food that has rodenticide on it.
c) Avoidance of food that previous consumption has caused it to have an illness.

6. What is an acute rodenticide?

a) it kills quickly after one exposure
b) it produces toxic fumes that kills quickly
c) it is an anticoagulant that requires only one feeding and kills quickly

7. What is/are advantage(s) of using multi dose anticoagulants for rodent control (pick all that apply)?
a) They kill rodents fast.
b) They provide a margin of safety for children or non-target organisms.
c) Vitamin K is an antidote in case of accidental poisoning.
d) Bait shyness is not usually a problem.

8. What is/are advantage(s) of single dose anticoagulants (pick all that apply)?
a) They kill rodents fast.
b) They provide a margin of safety for children or non-target organisms.
c) Vitamin K is an antidote in case of accidental poisoning.
d) Less risk of secondary poisoning.
Activity 1.1 Answer Key

1. a
2. a, c
3. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h
4. a
5. c
6. a
7. b, c, d
8. a, c
Activity 2.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers
the question.

1. What class do insecticides used in the Structural category fall under in the Transportation of
Dangerous Goods Act (pick all that apply)?
a) Class 2 - gasses
b) Class 3 – flammable products
c) Class 6 – poisons
d) Class 9 – environmentally hazardous

2. What kind of certificate is required to transport dangerous goods such as regulated insecticides?
a) Pesticide Applicator Certificate
b) TDG Certificate
c) WHMIS certificate

3. If a spill or accident occurs involving regulated Structural class pesticides, who must be contacted
(pick all that apply)?
a) Employer
b) CANUTEC
c) 911
d) Provincial Emergency Response Line

4. What is in place to prevent the Maximum Residue Limits under the Food and Drugs Act from being
exceeded during a Structural category pesticide application?
a) Occupational Health and Safety guidelines and prohibitions
b) WHMIS certificate training including prohibitions
c) Pesticide label precautions and prohibitions

5. What is a Preventive Control Plan under the Safe Foods for Canadians Act?
a) a plan to ensure foods coming into Canada do not have excess pesticide residues
b) a plan to document how risks to food are identified and controlled
c) a plan to prevent food from spoiling while in storage

6. What is a HACCP?
a) a process to ensure that pesticides used in the Structural industry are used according to the
label
b) a process where rodents are properly identified and then controlled to prevent food
spoilage
c) a food safety system based on preventing, eliminating and reducing hazards
d) a food safety system based on identifying and controlling rodents to prevent food spoilage
Activity 2.1 Answer Key
1. b, c, d
2. b
3. b
4. c
5. b
6. c
Activity 3.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers
the question.

1. Check all the application areas allowed under the Structural category.
a. Flying insect control in a meat packing plant______
b. Rodent control in schools______
c. Crawling insects in indoor public use areas ______
d. ant control in offices______
e. mosquito control inside animal housing structures______
f. spider mite control in greenhouses_____
g. bedbug control in homes______

2. Who can fill and/or refill bait stations with Commercial and Restricted class rodenticides (pick all
that apply)?
a. Farmers, providing it is on land/structures they have leased to oil and gas companies.
b. Farmers, providing it is on land and structures that they own and/or are in control of
(i.e. the farmer has leased or rented the land from someone else).
c. Certified/Licensed Structural Applicators recognized by the Provincial Regulatory Agency
where the rodenticide application will be conducted.
d. Trained pesticide applicator assistants (where allowed by the Provincial Regulatory
Agency) where the rodenticide application will be conducted.

3. What are common prohibitions on structural class pesticides?

a. Prevent people and pets from entering during the REI.
b. Prohibit an application of a pesticide more than once every specified number of days
c. Prohibit some forms of structural applications (e.g. prohibiting space sprays).
d. Prohibit applications when food processing plants are in operation.
e. Prohibit applications directly to livestock.
f. Prohibit fogging in meat packing plants.
4. Why does the Pest Management Regulatory Agency require bait stations to be used to control
rodents?
a. to ensure children, pets and other non-target organisms are protected from exposure
b. to protect the applicator from the rodenticide
c. to ensure fumes from the rodenticide are controlled

5. Indicate in which areas would an applicator be allowed to conduct a fogging application to

control flying insects in a meat packing plant?
a. meat cutting floor, providing no staff are present ____yes ____no
b. meat cutting floor, providing plant is not in operation ____yes ____no
c. cold storage room where meat is hanging ____yes ____no
d. staff lunchroom, providing no staff are present ____yes ____no
e. receiving/shipping area where meat packing materials are present ____yes ____no
f. waste collection room providing the ventilation system is shut down ____yes ____no

6. What are appropriate ways to dispose of dead rodents (pick all that apply)?
a. bury them
b. incinerate them
c. throw them in the household garbage
d. throw them in the meat processing plant waste meat collection bins
Activity 3.1 Answers
1. a, b, c, d, e, g
2. c
3. a, b, c, d
4. a
5. b – yes, d – yes, f - yes
6. a, b
Activity 4.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers
the question.

1. How often should structural applicators (or their assistants) obtain breathing apparatus fit test when
using a pesticide or cleaning up a pesticide spill that requires use of a respirator?
a. every year for the life of the applicator certificate
b. every 2 years as long as they continue to be a certified applicator
c. prior to becoming an applicator and then every 5 years

2. What conditions may impede the use of respiratory protection (check those that apply)?
a. ____respiratory conditions
b. ____heart disease
c. ____mobility issues
d. ____stomach issues

3. What occupational hazards exist in structures, food processing plants and stored commodities (pick
all that apply)?
a. _____insects that can bite
b. _____food borne diseases
c. _____rodents that transmit diseases
d. _____spores that can cause respiratory diseases

4. What is Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome and what is its effect on humans?

a. A disease transmitted from house mice bites that causes a painful and long-lasting infections.
b. A disease transmitted from bedding used by deer mice that causes mild flu like symptoms.
c. A disease transmitted from deer mice feces and urine that is potentially fatal.

5. What is the main symptom of exposure to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides?

a. mild flu like symptoms
b. tremors and potentially seizures
c. stomach upset
6. When should applicators who uses organophosphate or carbamate pesticides get tested for
cholinesterase function (check all that apply)?
a. ____ Baseline test before starting work
b. ____ Every two years along with the respirator fit test
c. ____ During application to determine if exposure has occurred
d. ____ After an accident to determine the extent of exposure received
Activity 4.1 – Answer Key
1. b
2. a, b
3. a, b, c, d
4. c
5. b
6. a, c, d
Activity 5.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers
the question.

1. Why should building ventilation be understood by the applicator prior to beginning a structural
application (pick all that apply)?
a. Cross drafts causing drift onto non-target areas may occur as a result of open windows.
b. Exhaust or ventilation fans may move the pesticide away from the treatment area.
c. Heating systems may create a fire hazard when conducting a ULV application.
d. Insufficient air movement may cause an applicator to feel faint.

2. Who should receive a written notice of a proposed pesticide application? Select all that apply.
a. Residents living in the treatment area.
b. Residents who may enter the treatment area (e.g. laundry facility or hallways that have
been treated).
c. The public who may have family members living in the treatment area.
d. Landlord who requested the treatment to occur.
e. The public who may access the treated area.

3. What does the Restricted Entry Interval (REI) mean?

a. The time from when the applicator begins the treatment and the spray has dried.
b. The time from when the applicator finishes the treatment and the spray has dried.
c. The time when the applicator begins the treatment and when all people must stay out
of the treatment area.
d. The time when the applicator finishes the treatment and when all people must stay out
of the treatment area.

4. A client has a serious bedbug problem in their home. What general safety provisions must be
followed to ensure health and safety of the client and their family? Select all that apply.
a. All bedding must be removed and laundered.
b. Pillows must be disposed if any bedbugs, their feces or skin castings are found on them.
c. Pillows must be replaced regardless of whether bedbug presence is detected or not.
d. Everything must be removed from dressers and laundered.
e. Toys must be removed and checked for bedbug presence.
 f. Treated couches and chairs must be dry before clients are allowed back into the home.
g. Mattresses must be disposed as no treatment will remove all bedbugs.
h. Treated mattresses and bedrails must be dry before replacing sheets and bedding.

5. When conducting a structural ULD application to control flies in a barn, what safety precautions
should an applicator follow (pick all that apply)?
a. Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus
b. Wear a full face piece respirator
c. Wear a half face piece respirator
d. Wear a dust mask

6. What are the daily precautions that must be ensured when using handheld spray equipment
(choose all that apply)?
a. ensure the valve trigger is not leaking
b. ensure the hose is not leaking
c. ensure respiratory protection identified on the label is used
d. wearing a respirator when using handheld spray equipment
Activity 5.1 Answers:

1. a, c
2. a, b, d, e
3. d
4. a, b, d, e, f, h
5. b
6. a, b, c
Activity 6.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers
the question.

1) What are the main goals of a structural IPM program (pick all that apply)?
a) Prevention of structural pests
b) Use of biologicals to control pests rather than conventional pesticides
c) Eradication of pest
d) Use of mechanical and physical measures to control pests rather than other treatments

2) What should an IPM plan include (pick all that apply)?

a) sanitation practices to minimize food and harbourage sites
b) building maintenance practices to prevent pests from entering
c) inspections to determine levels of infestations
d) recordkeeping of all monitoring and pest management results
e) evaluating pest management efforts

3) What does the skin of an insect do (pick all that apply)?

1. Gives the insect rigidity
2. It supports nerves and blood system
3. Supports internal organs
4. Secretes substances that repel other insects

a) 1, 2, 3
b) 1, 2, 4
c) 2, 3, 4
d) 1, 2, 3, 4

4) What body parts are located on an insect’s thorax?

a) Mouthparts
b) Legs and wings
c) Reproductive organs
5) Indicate which of the following Orders have the immature stages looking like a grub or maggot.

a) Hymenoptera e) Hemiptera

b) Diptera f) Dermaptera

c) Lepidoptera g) Orthoptera

d) Coleoptera h) Thysanura

6) Do mites have antennae?

a) Yes, 2 pairs of antennae
b) No, they have no antennae, only legs
c) Yes, they have 2 pair of antennae
d) No, they don’t have antennae, just wings

7) How are Arachnids distinguished from insects (pick all that apply)?
a) Arachnids have 4 pairs of legs as adults, adult insects have 3 pairs of legs.
b) Arachnids have 3 pairs of legs as adults, adult insects have 4 pairs of legs.
c) Arachnids have 2 pairs of appendages that have become adapted for feeding or defense.
d) Insects have 2 pairs of appendages that have become adapted for feeding or defense.
Activity 6.1 Answers:
1. a, c
2. a, b, c, d, e
3. a
4. b
5. a, b, d
6. b
7. a, c
Activity 7.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers the
question

1) Which species of insects are eusocial (pick all that apply)?

a) Ants
b) Bees and wasps
c) Bedbugs
d) Cockroaches
e) Spiders

2) How can ants be prevented from entering into a structure (pick all that apply)?
a) Inspecting the foundation outside the structure and seal all cracks and crevices
b) Checking entry points for wires and pipes and ensuring they are sealed
c) Ensuring tree and shrubs branches that have aphid infestation don’t touch the structure
d) Ensuring a vegetation free zone is maintained around the structure.

3) There are pavement ants around a structure. What are good approaches to controlling the ant
colony?
a) Injecting residual insecticide under the pavement where the sand has been pushed up along
pavement cracks
b) Using animal oil baits that also contain abamectin will kill the colony
c) Injecting gels in cracks and crevices of the pavement
d) Using silicon dioxide dust in cracks and crevices
e) Using pyrethrin based sprays around cracks and crevices of pavement

4) Some large ants have been seen walking along cracks and crevices under a sink where a water pipe
has a small leak and caused some rotting under the cupboard. What type of ant is this likely to be
and will adding silicon dioxide to the cracks and crevices control the infestation (pick all that apply)?
a) Pharaoh ant
b) Odourous house ant
c) Carpenter ant
d) Little black ant
e) silicon dioxide will be taken to the nest by the forager ants and kill the colony
f) silicon dioxide will kill the forager ant but not the colony
5) When does a bedbug required a blood feed (pick all that apply)?
a) _____ After hatching
b) _____ After each instar
c) _____ Before becoming a pupae
d) _____ After males become an adult
e) _____ After females become an adult

6) What is one of the most important components of bedbug control in a multifamily residence?
a) Identification of bedbugs
b) Monitoring of bedbugs
c) Education of residents
d) Use of pesticides
e) Use of cultural controls

7) What kind of thermal heat treatments can be used to control bedbugs?

a) Portable heat units can quickly heat up a room or suite, killing bedbugs
b) Portable heat chambers can kill bedbugs inside the chamber
c) Propane fired heat units on a balcony can pump in heated air into an apartment

8) What is the main difference between a bee and a wasp or hornet?

a) Wasps and hornets are hairy while bees have no hairs on their body
b) bees are hairy while wasps and hornet have little to no hairs on their body

9) When is the best time to spray a wasp nest outdoors?

a) In the daytime when the wasps are all out foraging for food
b) In the evening when the wasps are all inside the nest
c) At night when the wasps are all sleeping and won’t be able to wake up fast enough to come out
of the nest

10) Several cockroaches are found under a restaurant sink. They range from 10-12 mm long, have wings,
are yellowish brown with two black lines that run the length of their body. What species of
cockroach are they?
a) German cockroach adult
b) Brown-banded cockroach nymph
c) American cockroach adult
d) European cockroach nymph
11) What are three of the main keys to preventing and reducing a cockroach infestation (pick three that
apply)?
a) Use of heavy duty pesticides
b) Hygiene – keeping surfaces and floors clean
c) Sanitation – daily vacuuming, removing garbage and not leaving dirty dishes on counter
d) Removing water sources
e) Removing foods that cockroach prefer
 f) Applying a solid strip of pesticide gels along all cracks and crevices
g) Applying one pesticide until resistance is noticed, then switching to another pesticide

12) What happens to a flea that has just hatched?

a) It begins to feed on blood of its host (cats and dogs).
b) It falls off its host, burrows into bedding or carpet and feeds dead skin and insects.
c) It climbs a branch of a tree and waits for a host to brush it so it can jump onto the animal.

13) What kind of metamorphosis do the following insect pests undergo?

a) ants: ____complete _____gradual ____no metamorphosis
b) bees, wasps and hornets: ____complete _____gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis
c) cockroaches: _____complete __ ___gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis
d) clothes moths: ____complete __ __gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis
e) booklice: ____complete __ __gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis
f) crickets: ____complete ____gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis
g) earwigs: ____complete ____gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis
h) fleas: ____complete ____gradual / incomplete ____no metamorphosis

14) Other than on a pet, where else is a primary location to find a flea infestation?
a) In the vegetation where the pet spends time outdoors
b) Near the food dish
c) Where the pet sleeps

15) What are important instructions to provide a person when recommending they bring their pet to a
veterinarian?
a) The type of flea found on the pet (i.e. cat or dog flea)
b) The type of flea pet collar that they’ve been recommended to use on the pet
c) The pesticides that have been used in and around the pet’s bedding
Activity 7.1 Answers:

1. a, b
2. a, b, c, d
3. a, b
4. c, f
5. b
6. c
7. a, b
8. b
9. b
10. a
11. b, c, d
12. b
13.
(a) complete
(b) complete
(c) incomplete
(d) complete
(e) incomplete
(f) gradual
(g) gradual
(h) complete
14. c
15. c
Activity 8.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers the
question.

1) When finding secondary pests in grain, what does that tell you about the condition of the grain?
a) Grain is in good condition and pest control will protect the grain quality
b) Grain is not in optimal condition and measures should be implemented to control the pest and
protect the grain from further decline

2) Which beetle(s) is the main pest of stored grains in unheated storage on Canadian farms?
a) Flat grain beetle
b) Rusty grain beetle
c) Merchant grain beetle
d) Red flour beetle
e) Cadelle beetle
f) Drugstore beetles

3) Which primary pest will burrow in wooden structures, flour sacks and bolting cloths?
a) Flat grain beetle
b) Rusty grain beetle
c) Red flour beetle
d) Cadelle beetle
e) Merchant grain beetle

4) A number of beetles are found in the pantry of a home. There are bored holes in cereal boxes,
stored potatoes, pet food bags and spilled or scattered food. The larvae are 18-19mm in length,
yellow and covered with hairs. Holes are seen in drywall and there are 8mm dark beetles flying
around. Which of the following insects is most likely the cause?
a) Sawtoothed grain beetle
b) Larder beetle
c) Indian meal moth
d) Angoumois grain moth

5) Which stored grain and commodity pest gives off sharp, unpleasant odours?
a) weevils
b) flour beetles
c) Cadelle beetles
d) dark mealworms
e) meal moths
 f) cockroaches

6) When significant stored food pests are found in a food processing facility, what approaches and
pesticides generally recommended (pick all that apply)?
a) Residual insecticides in cracks and crevices
b) Residual insecticides lightly sprayed on floors and walls where the pests are found
c) ULV generators operating 24 hours per day, every day the facility is in operation
d) ULV generators operating only when the facility is shut down (e.g. overnight)
e) Shutting down the facility, especially in winter and letting the structure get below 00C
f) Shutting down the facility in summer and adding heat to ensure internal temperatures get about
500C.
7) What are cultural control methods for controlling silverfish found in the home where books, papers
and clothing are stored?
a) Ventilating areas
b) Using dehumidifiers
c) Using humidifiers
d) Vacuuming regularly
Activity 8.1 Answers:

1. b
2. f
3. d
4. c
5. b
6. b, d
7. a
Activity 9.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers the
question.

1) A renovation in an older home uncovered a number of 3-6 mm holes and tunnels in the structural
beams and fine, sand-like frass that was loose in the tunneled out holes. Which species of wood
destroying beetle has most likely infested these beams?
a) Furniture or Anobiid powderpost beetle
b) True powderpost beetle
c) False powderpost beetle
d) Deathwatch beetle
Activity 9.1 Answers:
1. a
Activity 10.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers
the question.

1) What are the things to consider when planning a vertebrate pest management program (pick all
that apply)?
a) benefit that bats bring by eating insects vs damage caused when they roost in houses
b) whether ducks and geese can be frightened away by shooting up in the air
c) if there are any kangaroo rats or harvest mice in the area that may be affected by Norway rat
and house mice extermination efforts
d) at what point are the numbers of sparrows, crows, or magpies not tolerable

2) Knowing a pest’s behaviour or biology helps an applicator in what way (pick all that apply)?
a) Helps determine the most effective control method
b) Helps determine the population numbers
c) The best habitat to implement a control method

3) Indicate true or false with the following statements:

a) ____ If an animal shares food within their young, they will bring poisoned food bait back to
the den to kill them all.
b) ____ When animals live solitary lives, every animal must find and eat poisoned food bait to
eradicate the infestation.
c) _____ When animals live in social groups (e.g. pigeons), they will find and direct others to a
poisoned food bait.

4) When is the best time to implement a control measure (pick all that apply)?
a) ____ when normal food sources are not available
b) ____ just before they migrate so they will not be a pest next spring
c) ____ before the young are born to minimize the number that need to be controlled
d) ____ when the young have been removed from their parental den or nest
e) ____ when the pest is hibernating
5) What is the best location to control vertebrate pests below?
a) Pigeons are starting to build a nest in the rafters of a warehouse
i) ____ put out poison food outside near the roost
ii) ____ install an air curtain at the door entrance
iii) _____ put netting to prevent access to the rafters
b) Hot water pipes appear to have rat smudge marks on them:
i) ____ Put rat traps where pipes exit the walls into a housing unit
ii) ____ use caulking or steel wool to seal exits from the utility corridor
iii) ____ place poison baits in cupboards, pantries etc.
c) Raccoons have been tipping over garbage bins to get at food waste:
i) ____ find their den and seal them inside until they die
ii) ____ obtain waste bins that have locking mechanisms
iii) ____ install a motion detecting light near garbage bins

6) It is fall and a client calls indicating they have a house mice infestation in their house. They have
an infant and two dogs living in the home. To implement an IPM program, list in order the steps
that should be considered.
a) ____ pest must be controlled fast as they have a high reproduction rate
b) ____ inspection of the home to determine and eliminate sources of entry
c) ____ installing movement sensing lights to discourage mice from moving throughout the
house
d) ____ ensuring all food is in pest proof containers
e) ____ vacuuming entire house to remove food sources
f) ____ setting mouse traps in a number of locations to determine their nesting sites
g) ____ bringing your cat over to catch the mice
h) ____ setting out non-poisoned bait in Tier 2 bait stations near their nests until they start to
eat the food the same bait that has poison on or in it.
i) ____setting out Tier 3 bait stations around their nests with poison bait in it
j) ____ monitoring feeding activity and re-fill bait stations until no food is being eaten
7) When inspecting a warehouse that has a rat infestation, what items should be identified (pick
all that apply)? The warehouse has both food and non-food commodities in bags or boxes on
pallets.
a) _____Look for entry holes, in the foundation or around windows around 6-7mm in size
b) _____ sources of entry along eaves from overhanging trees
c) _____ determine where the food commodities are stored and look for feces in and around
only those pallets
d) _____ look in non-food storage areas for chew marks on the bags
e) _____nesting sites that have been found and removed
f) _____ identify pallets containing food commodities that are pushed up against the exterior
wall preventing conducting a thorough inspection in those areas
g) ____ look for sources of pooled water as this is a must for rat survival
h) ____ look for all sources of water, even sweaty water pipes will provide enough moisture to
sustain rats

8) An evaluation of a Norway rat IPM program has been conducted and found that the level of
infestation is lower but there are significant rats still in the food processing plant. What should
be done to determine cause of the continued infestation (pick all that apply)?
a) Looking in attics and crawl spaces for signs of rat nesting.
b) Check outdoor waste disposal bins for signs of rat infestation
c) Check that supplies of food ingredients arriving at the facility do not have rat infestations
d) Check for nesting in surrounding sheds, garages etc. on the property
e) New construction in or around the structure that might have created entry holes
f) Increase in production, causing less time to vacuum production floor at the end of the day.
g) New staff that aren’t trained about food sanitation procedures.

9) What is the difference between the feces of Norway rat and black rats?
a) Norway rat has smaller, banana shaped feces whereas the black rats have grain-like size
and shape feces
b) Norway rat has grain-like size and shape feces whereas the black rats have smaller, banana
shaped feces.

10) Where do rats typically like to live?

a) Norway rat lives in upper levels and attics of a structure whereas black rats live in lower
levels of a structure and in sewers.
b) Norway rat lives in lower levels of a structure and sewers whereas black rats live in upper
levels and attics.
11) What are defining characteristics of the Norway rat:
1. tail shorter than the body
2. sturdy body (200-480 gm)
3. small ears
4. pointed nose
a) 1, 2, 3
b) 1, 2, 4
c) 1, 3, 4
d) 2, 3, 4
e) 1, 2, 3, 4

12) Which mouse is more likely to be found living in a structure?

a) House mouse
b) Deer mouse

13) What is the most defining characteristic of a deer mouse?

a) Light to dark brown fur
b) White belly
c) Large “mickey mouse” ears
d) Weight 15-20 gm

14) What are the best mice and rat prevention tips?
(1) prevent access
(2) use traps
(3) remove food sources
(4) remove harbourage

a) 1, 2, 3
b) 1, 2, 4
c) 1, 3, 4
d) 2, 3, 4
e) 1, 2, 3, 4
15) A new client calls indicating that they have a roof rat infestation. They have sealed all potential
entry points and have set out bait stations with poison warfarin bait. Unfortunately, the bait
appeared to be nibbled on in the few days, but no further eating seems to have occurred. In the
meantime, the rat infestation seems to be getting out of hand. What could be the problem and
solution to the problem?
a) Rats are resistant to the rodenticide, and they will need to change to a poison bait from a
different resistance management group to control the rats.
b) Rats have developed bait shyness, therefore need to pre-bait with a different formulation of
bait without poison on it must be started and then when they are eating the bait, adding
poison to the bait.
c) Rats have lots of other food in the facility so they need to remove all sources of food before
using poison bait will ever work.
16) You’ve been called to a food processing plant where flocks of crows are very noisy and are
harassing delivery people and staff. What monitoring approaches should be done to control the
birds?
a) Determine where and what the crows are using as a food source.
b) Determine what other birds are in the area
c) Determine if there are forests nearby
d) Determine where nests are located
e) Determine flock behaviour

17) You’ve been called to a food processing plant where flocks of crows are very noisy and are
harassing delivery people and staff. It appears waste disposal bins are left with the lids have
been left opened. You’ve identified the food source and the staff have agreed to leave the bins
closed, however crows are still harassing them, especially at various places on the property.
What is contributing to the problem and what can be done?
a) There is another food source and the crows are aggressively defending it – food source
must be identified and removed.
b) There is a water source and the crows are aggressively defending it – water source must be
identified and removed.
c) Crows have nested in those areas and they are aggressively defending their nest/eggs –
nest should be removed.

18) Which species of bat migrates to the USA and is protected under the Migratory Birds
Convention Act?
a) Little brown bat
b) Big brown bat
c) Long legged bat
d) Western small footed bat
 e) Northern myotis
f) Silver haired bat
g) Hoary bat

19) Which species of bat is protected under the Species at Risk Act?

a) Little brown bat

b) Big brown bat
c) Long legged bat
d) Western small footed bat
e) Northern myotis
f) Silver haired bat
g) Hoary bat

20) If a large Raccoon male is found living under a deck, what are the best approaches to remove
him long-term?
a) Remove access to all foods such as using waste bins with mechanisms to seal against
access
b) Removing water sources such as bird baths, leaking outdoor faucets
c) Installing barriers around the deck with a door that allows them to leave but not get back in.
Activity 10.1 Answers:
1) a, b, c
2) a, c
3)
a) true
b) true
c) true
4) a, c, d
5)
a) iii
b) i
c) ii
6)
a) -
b) 1
c) –
d) 2
e) 3
f) 4
g) –
h) 5
i) –
j) 6
7)
a) no – rats need larger holes to enter a structure
b) yes
c) no – all pallets should be checked for chew marks or rubbings
d) yes
e) no – do not disturb nests as it may cause rodents to scatter throughout the structure
f) yes
g) no – all sources are important
h) no
8) a, b, c, d, e, f, g
9) b
10) b
11) a
12) a
13) b
14) c
15) b
16) a, d, e
17) c
18) g
19) a, b, c, d, e, f, g
20) a, c
Activity 11.1 Comprehension Check

Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers the
question.

1. When conducting an indoor broadcast treatment, what is the maximum pressure that can be
used?
a. 200 kPa
b. 245 kPa
c. 300 kPa
d. 345 kPa

2. Which of the following spaces would be defined as “confined spaces” (check all that apply)?
a. _____ sewer manhole for trapping rats
b. _____ bedroom for controlling bedbugs
c. _____ water line conduit space in a multifamily complex
d. _____ basement in an old home for controlling wood boring insects in the structural beams
e. _____ developed attic to control a bat infestation in the closet

3. If a label only authorizes perimeter applications, can the outdoor window casings be sprayed as
well?
a. Yes, but only if they are within 1 metre of the foundation
b. Yes, all window casings can be sprayed
c. No, only solid siding of the structure can be sprayed
d. No, as no window casings are within 1 metre of any foundation

4. What is the definition of a pin stream application?

a. An application using a flat fan nozzle
b. An application where the spray is less than 0.1 metre wide
c. An application using a solid stream nozzle
5. When conducting a crack and crevice application, what can be sprayed (pick all that apply)?
a. Into cracks in mouldings around doors and windows
b. Into and around cracks in the baseboards
c. Into and around foundation cracks along the indoor perimeter of a building
d. Into cracks without any exposed surfaces being contacted
e. Into cracks around utility entry points
f. In furniture at junction points including seams, where different materials join, and into
hidden structural components

6. When must eye and respiratory protection be used? Select all that apply.
a. When identified on the label
b. When conducting an application in overhead voids
c. When conducting applications in confined spaces
d. When conducting a space application

7. If a label specifies that a spot furniture application for bedbugs is allowed, how much of the
entire surface can be treated?
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 20%

8. What types of applications lend themselves to using a hand operated compressed sprayer (pick
all that apply)?
a. _____ Broadcast
b. _____ Spot
c. _____ Aerosol spraying
d. _____ Crack and crevice applications
9. When conducting a dusting application, how much dust should be applied in a perimeter
application to control bedbugs?
a. A thick band of dust, especially where there is carpet
b. At least a one metre wide band that completely covers the floor
c. A light covering into cracks and crevices
d. At least a one metre wide band that lightly covers the floor

10. Which application type applies a smaller amount of insecticide?

a. ULV
b. Fogger

11. Which piece of equipment is used to flush out and control insects in hard to reach areas in wall
voids?
a. ULV
b. Fogger
c. Crack and crevice liquid applications
d. Mechanical aerosol generators

12. What type of rodent bait station must be used in the following situations (i.e. Tier 1, 2, 3 or 4,
covered or open bait tray)?
a. In a recreational room of a multi-family complex _____
b. In a utility corridor of a high rise apartment_____
c. Inside a barn occupied by livestock, cats and dogs_____
d. In a grain storage facility _____
e. At a wellsite where there is a small shed with rodent infestation surrounding the
shed____
13. Indicate which of the following places would be a good place to put a mouse bait station
(choose all that apply)?
a. _____ Along walls and baseboards
b. _____ Under sinks, especially where there is moisture
c. _____ Inside a suspended ceiling
d. _____ In the backside of a refrigerator
e. _____ Near plumbing of wall voids
f. _____ Potted plants
g. _____ outside near a fenceline
h. _____ under patios
i. _____ outside shipping/receiving doors
j. _____ in and around the food in the pantry
k. _____ in staff lockers at a food processing facility

14. What is a recommended sprayer application rate?

a. The rate recommended by extension specialist
b. The generally accepted rate that kills 100% of all insects
c. The label rate
d. The rate specified by government officials

15. What is VMD and why is it important?

a. Volume meridian dial – it regulates and allows the applicator to adjust the pressure on a
power sprayer
b. Volume median diameter – is a droplet size where ½ of the spray volume is smaller and
½ is larger in size
c. Visual molecular dynamics – the visible range of spray droplets and what a calibrated
sprayer should emit
d. Visual Multilayer Disc – a disc behind the nozzle that ensures even distribution
throughout the nozzle head

16. What is the volume of a building that measures 15 metres wide by 25 metres long with walls 3.5
metres high and a peaked roof centre height 5 metres from the ground?
a. 2250 m3
b. 1593.75 m3
c. 6937.50 m3
17. How much insecticide concentrate is required in a 2,250 m3 space if the instructions on a label
specified mixing one ml concentrate with 14 mls water and applying this mix at a rate of 56 ml
per 100 m3?

a. 84 mls
b. 90 mls
c. 94 mls

18. If a ULV applicator is calibrated to deliver 60 ml of product per minute, how long should the
machine run to apply 5730 ml?

a. 95.5 minutes or 1 hour 35 minutes 30 seconds

b. 0.01 days or 2.5 hours

19. If you are required to prepare a spray mixture using 300 ml of product for every 20 L of water,
how much product will be required to prepare enough spray mixture to fill your 12 L hand
sprayer?

a. 577 ml

b. 87 ml

c. 177 ml

20. If your sprayer has a capacity of 14 L and you normally use 0.8 L of pesticide product to prepare
a full tank of spray mixture, how much will you use to prepare 6 L of spray mixture?

a. 34 L

b. 0.34 L

c. 3.4 L
Activity 11.1 Answers
1. d

2. a, c,

3. a

4. b

5. a, d, e, f

6. a, b, c, d

7. b

8. a, b, d

9. c

10. a

11. c

12 a. Tier 1, b. covered or open bait tray or Tier 4, c. Tier 2, d. covered or open bait tray or Tier 4, e. Tier 1

13. a, b, c, d, e, f, i. note g. not a good location as it attracts mice that wouldn’t normally be a problem
outdoors. H would not usually be good because too hard to access bait station. j not good because most
labels indicate to not have bait in and around food. K generally not recommended. Better to have staff
not store food in lockers.

14. c

15. b

16. a

17 a 56ml = __x _
100m3 2250
X = 1260 x 1/15
X = 84 mls

18 a x = 60 ml / min x 5730 ml
= 95.5 min x 60 min/hr
= 1.59 hours
= 1 hr + (.59 x 60)
= 1 hr and 35.5 min
19. c total volume = 300 ml (0.3 L) concentrate + 20 L water = 20.3L
300ml = __x__
20.3 L 12L
X = 177 ml

20. b 0.8 L = __x__

14L 6L
X = 0.34 L
Activity 12.1 Comprehension Check
Read each of the following questions. Then select the response that best answers the
question.

1. Which of the following are aspects an applicator must be knowledgeable about to become a
professional applicator (check all that apply)?
a. _____ pest biology and IPM
b. _____ safe vehicle operation
c. _____ ongoing applicator training requirements
d. _____ holding a TDG certificate
e. _____ how to conduct a safe structural application
f. _____ federal and provincial pesticide legislation

2. Which of the following are attributes of an applicator that exhibit professionalism (pick all that
apply)?
a. _____ following all national and provincial structural training requirements
b. _____ reading all news media stories regarding Structural class applications
c. _____ having well maintained and calibrated application equipment
d. _____ knowing all PPE available and buying new equipment as soon as they become
available
e. _____ taking precautions to prevent bystander, adjacent property owners and worker
safety
f. _____ ensuring all persons on site are issued company shirts and caps
g. _____ applying IPM to all aspects of pest management

3. Who must be notified of a proposed Structural pesticide application to the halls and clothes
washing areas of a multifamily residential complex?
a. ____ maintenance workers on site
b. ____ adjacent landowners
c. ____ news media
d. ____ all occupants of the complex
e. ____ at least one person of each residence

4. If someone approaches an applicator and says all pesticides are bad, what should a professional
applicator’s response be (pick all that apply)?
a. Identify the pests that need to be controlled and why controlling them with pesticides is
necessary
b. Tell them to look at the Internet and try to see both sides of the pesticide issue
c. Tell them that pesticides can be used safely and effectively if a person is properly
trained.
Activity 12.1 – Answer Key:

1. a, c, e, f
2. a, c, e, g
3. a, d
4. a, c