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Iii Module 1F (Writing Chapter 3)

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion Notes

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Mark Anthony Abian
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15 views3 pages

Iii Module 1F (Writing Chapter 3)

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion Notes

Uploaded by

Mark Anthony Abian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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QUARTER 3 W7-W8

Department of Education
Region 02
Schools Division Office
NORTHERN ISABELA ACADEMY, INC.
Calinaoan, Sto. Tomas, Isabela

INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATIONS AND IMMERSION (Module)


GRADE 12

Content: Understanding Ways to Collect Data


Learner’s Output: 1. Research design 2. Population 3. Sampling method 4. Data collection procedure
Most Essential Learning Competencies: describes adequately research design (either quantitative or
qualitative), data gathering instrument, sample, data collection and analysis procedures, prepares data
gathering instrument

WRITING RESEARCH PAPER: Chapter 3 and Its Parts


Parts of Chapter 3
1. The Introductory Paragraph
2. Research Methodology
3. Subjects/ Respondents of the study
4. Sampling Technique
5. Research Instruments
6. Procedures of Data Gathering
7. Statistical Treatment of Data

The Introductory Paragraph


1. Introductory Paragraph
This chapter presents the discussion on the research methodology of the study, the subjects, sampling
technique, research instruments, procedure of data gathering, and statistical treatment that will be uses
for accurate data analysis and interpretation.

Research Methodology or Research Design


2. Research Methodology or Research Design
This section specifies what method of research will be used – descriptive, correlational, experimental,
survey or documentary analysis.

1
Subjects or Respondents of the Study
3. Subjects or Respondents of the Study

(POPULATION & SAMPLING DESIGN/TECHNIQUE)

Things to include
 Who are your respondents?
 Why are they the most appropriate individuals for your research study?
 What sampling did you use to obtain these respondents?

A distinction should be made between subjects and respondents of the study. Subjects are
persons investigated in the study. When learning abilities of pre-school pupils are being assessed in the
study, the preschool pupils are the subjects. The pupils’ teachers and mothers who will be interviewed
and asked to fill out a questionnaire are the respondents of the study. Respondents, therefore, are
providers of information needed in the study, elicited orally or in writing. It is important to state your
number of subjects or respondents and who they are. Also, explain how the number will be decided
upon.

Sampling Technique
4. Sampling Technique

Sampling- means choosing from a large population the respondents or subjects to answer your
research questions.

Population- is a technical term in research which means a big group of people from where you choose
the sample.
Sample- chosen set of people to represent the population.

Sampling frame- is the term used to mean the list of the members of such population from where you
will get the sample.

PROBABILITY SAMPLING VS NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING


Probability Sampling- The sample is a proportion of the population (selected by means of some
systematic way in which every element of population has a chance of being
included in the sample.)
- It ensures a bias-free selection of subjects.
Non-Probability Sampling- The sample is not a proportion of the population and there is no system in
selecting the sample. The selection depends on the situation.
- They are susceptible to bias.

2
TYPES OF PROBABILITY SAMPLING
1. Simple random sampling- is the best type of probability sampling through which you can choose
sample from a population.
-It happens through any of these two methods:
Have a list of all members of the population; write each name on a card, and choose cards through a
pure-chance selection.
Have a list of all members; give a number to member and then use randomized or unordered numbers
in selecting names from the list.

2. Systematic Sampling- picking out from the list every 5th or every 8th member listed in the sampling
frame until the completion of the desired total number of respondents.

3. Stratified Sampling- choosing a sample that will later on be subdivided into strata, sub-groups, or
sub-samples during the stage of data analysis.

4. Cluster Sampling- this is a probability sampling that makes you isolate a set of persons instead of
individual members to serve as sample members.

TYPES OF NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING


1. Voluntary Sampling- since the subjects you expect to participate in the sample in the selection are
the ones volunteering the constitute the sample, there is no need for you to do any selection process.
2. Purposive or judgmental Sampling- you choose people whom you are sure could correspond to
the objectives of your study, like selecting those with rich experience or interest in your study.
3. Availability Sampling- picking out people who are easy to find or locate and willing to establish
contact with you
4. Convenience Sampling- a convenience sample is a group of individuals who (conveniently) are
available for study.
5. Snow Ball Sampling-similar to snow expanding widely or rolling rapidly, this sampling method does
not give a specific set of samples. This is true for a study involving unspecified group of people.

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