International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 8 Issue 2, March-April 2024 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme

on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Respiratory Problems among
Petrol Pump Workers in Selected Petrol Pumps at Gonda
Shashank Shekhar1, Sandhya Kumari2, Arvind Kumar Shekhar3
1
Assistant Professor, BSM College of Nursing, Lucknow, Uattardhona, Uttar Pradesh, India
2,3
BSM College of Nursing, Lucknow, Uattardhona, Uttar Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT How to cite this paper: Shashank

A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme Shekhar | Sandhya Kumari | Arvind
on knowledge regarding prevention of respiratory problems among Kumar Shekhar "A Study to Assess the
petrol pump workers in selected petrol pumps at Gonda” the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching
Programme on Knowledge Regarding
objectives of the study are to assess the pretest knowledge regarding
Prevention of Respiratory Problems
prevention of respiratory problems, to assess the post test knowledge among Petrol Pump Workers in Selected
regarding prevention of respiratory problems, to compare the pretest Petrol Pumps at
and post test knowledge scores regarding prevention of respiratory Gonda" Published in
problems, to find the significant difference between pretest and post International Journal
test knowledge scores regarding prevention of respiratory problems, of Trend in
and to find the significant association between pretest knowledge Scientific Research
scores regarding prevention of respiratory problems among petrol and Development
pump workers in selected petrol pumps at Gonda and the selected (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- IJTSRD64745
socio demographic variables. In order to accomplish the objectives of 6470, Volume-8 |
the study, a pre experimental one group pretest post test design was Issue-2, April 2024, pp.773-778, URL:
adopted. In this study, the sample consists of 50 petrol pump workers www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64745.pdf
who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study. The non-probability Copyright © 2024 by author (s) and
purposive sampling technique was used for this study. A structured International Journal of Trend in
socio demographic data and knowledge questionnaire on respiratory Scientific Research and Development
problems were selected on the basis of the objectives of the study. Journal. This is an
The instrument selected in a research should be as far as possible the Open Access article
vehicle that would best obtain data for drawing conclusions, which distributed under the
were pertinent to the study. The tools are prepared in three sections. terms of the Creative Commons
Section A was socio- demographic data, and the Section –B was Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
knowledge questionnaire on respiratory problems. For the main study
the data collected from 03-01-2019 to 28-01-2019 from petrol pump Keywords: Petrol Pump Worker,Structed
workers who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The study concluded that Teaching Programme,Respiratory Problem
In pretest 11(22%) samples were having adequate knowledge Or Knowledge
regarding respiratory problems. Whereus in posttest 33(66%)
samples were having adequate posttest knowledge regarding
respiratory problems. There was significant difference between
pretest and posttest knowledge scores as the t value is higher than the
tabulated value in the p value 0.05 level of significance. It shows that
there is a significant effectiveness on the administration of structured
teaching programme. Therefore, the H1 hypothesis is accepted. The
chi-square table explains that there is a significant association
between socio demographic variables such as age in years, gender,
educational status, number of duty hours per day, knowledge on
respiratory problems as the chi-square value is higher than the
tabulated value at 0.05 level of significance (p<0.05). Therefore, the
H2 is accepted.

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD64745 | Volume – 8 | Issue – 2 | Mar-Apr 2024 Page 773
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
Need for the study: In all over India nearly 55,000 retail outlets of petrol
In a study involving six cities of India, the measured bunks are working and have 15 lack employees
annual PM10 concentration in microgram per cubic directly and indirectly involved in this industry. In
meter (μg/m 3 ) averaged 94.0 ± 20.4 in Ahmedabad, retail outlets employees are facing health problems
exceeding the annual standard of 60 μg/m 3 , along like dust allergy, sounds allergy, pneumonia
with other five cities. It has been found that an (respiratory), plastic anaemia (blood), skin allergies
increase of 10 μg/m 3 of PM10 and NO 2 is and irritations, headache, Nausea etc. The population,
associated with a decrease of about 3% and 0.7% in environment and health are the main aspects of
FEV 1 (forced expiratory volume in the first second), developing countries like India. The state
respectively. The emission of pollutants from motor government, union territories and the union
vehicles can be evaporative emission, exhaust government of taking necessary steps to provide
emission or crankcase (running loss) emission, out of health to all by its policy. It is emphasising on the
which 20 - 32% is due to evaporative emissions. population control under the name of family planning,
it is concentrating on environmental aspects also
Owing to the volatile nature of petrol and the high
under government eco-friendly policies.
environmental temperature in a city like Ahmedabad,
hydrocarbon vapors from the petrol evaporate Objectives of the study are
constantly into atmosphere, mainly from fuel lines, 1. To assess the pretest knowledge regarding
fuel tanks, and carburetors, depending upon the fuel prevention of respiratory problems among petrol
composition, engine operating temperature, and pump workers in selected petrol pumps at Gonda.
ambient temperature. Hence, in addition to exhaust 2. To assess the posttest knowledge regarding
emission, petrol pump workers are also exposed to
prevention of respiratory problems among petrol
evaporative emission of pollutants. A detailed study pump workers in selected petrol pumps at Gonda.
conducted in Italy to determine the exposure of petrol
pump workers to the benzene content of petrol has 3. To compare the pretest and posttest knowledge
shown the highest benzene concentrations in the scores regarding prevention of respiratory
breathing zone of petrol station attendants. The study problems among petrol pump workers in selected
also shows that in a single refueling operation that petrol pumps at Gonda.
lasts for about one minute, the mean air concentration 4. To find the significant difference between pretest
of benzene to which a petrol pump worker is exposed and posttest knowledge scores regarding
is 3709 μg/m. In addition, most of the benzene (88%) prevention of respiratory problems among petrol
is emitted while supplying fuel to the vehicle. pump workers in selected petrol pumps at Gonda.
The toxic effects of the benzene content of petrol on 5. To find the significant association between pretest
the various hematological indices and liver have been knowledge scores regarding prevention of
studied in gasoline-filling workers, with documented respiratory problems among petrol pump workers
neurotoxicity. 13 Petrol pump workers work 10 in selected petrol pumps at Gonda and the selected
hours/day and six days/week at most of the pumps. socio demographic variables.
The high level of environmental pollution and
exposure to petrol and diesel vapors can have an Material and method:-
impact on the lung function of petrol pump workers. Research approach and design: - Quantitative
Chest radiographs and arterial blood gas (ABG) approach with pre experimental one group pretest
analysis are unable to detect any significant airway post-test design was adopted.
obstruction in the early stages of respiratory disease.
Spirometry is a valuable tool to assess lung function Setting of the study: - Alfa Filling Station HP petrol
in the initial asymptomatic stages of respiratory pump Balpurjat, U.P.
dysfunction, as compared to other tools. It has been Study population: - Petrol pump worker.
documented that only spirometry enables the
Accessible population: - 50 petrol pump workers in
detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Alfa Filling Station HP petrol pump Balpurjat
(COPD) - five to ten years before shortness of breath
develops. Petrol pump workers, who are Sample size: - 50
asymptomatic, may have abnormal lung function. Sampling technique: - Non probability Purposive
Hence, the purpose of this study is to assess the lung sampling technique.
function of petrol pump workers by means of
spirometry.

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
Inclusion Criteria The details of socio-demographic schedule are given
in annexure.
1. Petrol pump workers who are interested to
participate in this study. Section – B: The knowledge questionnaire on
respiratory problems consists of 30 items which
2. Petrol pump workers who knows Hindi language.
includes causes of respiratory problems effects of air
Exclusion criteria pollution & petroleum products on respiratory
1. Petrol pump workers who are all attended the system, signs & symptoms and complications of
same type of study earlier. respiratory problems, diagnosis of respiratory
problems and treatment and prevention.
2. Petrol pump workers who are all sick at the time
of interview. Scoring

Variables under study Minimum score = 0

The variables identified in the study were as follows: Maximum score = 30
Dependent variables: Knowledge and respiratory Data collection procedure:
morbidities among petrol pump workers. A formal written permission was obtained from the
Independent variable: Structured teaching petrol pump manager of Alfa Filling Station HP
programme is the independent variable petrol pump Balpurjat. The data collected from 03-
01-2019 to 28-01-2019 from petrol pump workers
Baseline variables: age in years, educational status, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The socio
monthly income in rupees, duration of duty hours, demographic data, and knowledge questionnaire on
years of working experience, knowledge on respiratory problems were administered to collect
respiratory problems, if yes mode of knowledge. background information of on respiratory problems.
Description of Tools The data collection took 30 – 40 minutes. Before
A socio demographic data, knowledge questionnaire conducting the study, consent was taken from
on respiratory problems was constructed by the samples by explaining the purpose of the study.
investigator which contains items in the following Limitations of the study
aspects.
1. Only 50 samples are used for this study.
Section – A: Socio- demographic data consist of 9
items such as age in years, educational status, 2. Only samples form selected schools from - Alfa
monthly income in rupees, duration of duty hours, Filling Station HP petrol pump Balpurjat, U.P.
years of working experience, knowledge on
respiratory problems, if yes mode of knowledge.

Analysis and interpretations

Section I:- Base line characteristics of participants.
Table 1: - Baseline characteristics of the participants
Sl.no Demographic variables frequency percentage
1. 1 Age in years
20-25 years 21 42
26-30 years 15 30
31-35 years 08 16
36-40 years 06 12
2. 2 Gender
Male 32 64
Female 18 36
3. 3 Marital status
Single 16 32
Married 24 48
Widower 05 10
Separated 05 10

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
4. 4 Education status
Primary education 09 18
Higher education 10 20
Graduation 17 34
Post graduation 14 28
5. 5 Monthly income in rupees 10 20
<10000
10000-20000 09 18
20001-30000 20 40
>300000 11 22
6. 6 Work experience 09 18
<1
2 to 4 20 40
5 to 7 15 30
>7 06 12
7. 7 Number of duty hours per day 05 10
<6
6 32 64
8 08 16
>8 05 10
8. 8 Knowledge on respiratory
problems 22 44
Yes
No 28 56
9. 9 If yes the mode of knowledge 10 20
Petrol bunk management
10 Health workers 12 24
11 No knowledge 28 56

Section II: - Effectiveness of STP on prevention of respiratory problems among petrol pump workers.
Table no 2: - Effectiveness of STP on Anemia.
Knowledge level Inadequate Moderate Adequate
Pre test 19 20 11
Post test 06 11 33

Paired t test used to assess the effectiveness of STP on knowledge regarding prevention of respiratory problems
and the obtained value was 5.62 and the table value was 2.02 at 0.05 level of confidence. Since the obtained
value greater than the table value STP was effective So, the H1 hypothesis was accepted. The investigator
concluded the structured teaching programme was effective.

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
Assess the association between post test knowledge score with selected demographic variables.
Table no: - 3 chi square showing association between post test knowledge with selected demographic
variables.
Sl.no Demographic variables Mean Obtained Table Interference
< = mean >mean value value
1. 1 Age in years
20-25 years 11 10
26-30 years 05 10
31-35 years 07 01 8.81 7.81 S
36-40 years 01 05
2. 2 Gender
Male 13 19 4.9 3.84 S
Female 11 07
3. 3 Marital status
Single 07 09
Married 12 12
Widower 01 04
Separated 04 01 3.76 7.81 NS
4. 4 Education status
Primary education 02 07
Higher education 04 06
Graduation 11 06 14.57 7.81 S
Post graduation 07 07
5. 5 Monthly income in rupees
<10000 03 07
10000-20000 06 03
20001-30000 09 11
2.81 7.81 NS
>300000 06 05
6. 6 Work experience
<1 06 03
2 to 4 07 13
3.45 7.81 NS
5 to 7 07 08
>7 04 02
7. 7 Number of duty hours per
day <6 04 01
6 15 17
8 03 05 11.26 7.81 S
>8 02 03
8. 8 Knowledge on respiratory
problems
Yes 12 10 8,54 3.84 S
No 12 16
9. 9 If yes the mode of 07 03
knowledge
Petrol bunk management 2.24 5.99 NS
10 Health workers 05 07
11 No knowledge 12 16
1=3.84, 2=5.99, 3=7.81

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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