FAITH ON TRIAL

Donald K. Short
&
Robert J. Wieland

1
 Preliminary Statement
Several scholars at Andrews University have
asked Donald K. Short and Robert J. Wieland to
donate (or to will) to the Heritage Library their
files of 1888-related correspondence of the last
half century. We have preferred to release that
correspondence now rather than wait until we die
(if die we must). Rather than leave our files where
only a few can see them in context and possibly
misuse or misrepresent source material, we chose
to release the entire file of correspondence with the
General Conference pro and con, photo statically
reproduced, totally unedited.

This collection was published in February,

1993, and copies sent to the General Conference
president and others. At this date (July 2001) the
edition is exhausted. A copy is probably available
at most of our larger denominational libraries.

Rather than reprint it (303 pages), we have

chosen to reproduce herewith the original 36-page
summary (due to re-type setting now expanded to
2
42 pages) of the history from 1950 on for the
attention of those readers who would like to know
what were and are the issues back of the writing of
1888 Re-examined. If there should be a large
enough demand for the reprinting of the entire
book (Faith on Trial) we would not object.

In releasing this material to the Adventist

public we expose ourselves to the judgment of our
contemporaries. Some of our early letters
demonstrate the zeal and exuberance of youth, but
the thoughtful reader will judge them in the context
of the entire history. Our decision to release this
material is entirely our own and has no connection
with any other individuals or committee. In
particular, this is not a publication of the 1888
Message Study Committee. The two of us alone
bear responsibility. Readers would be a blessing to
us if they would contact us and show wherein they
sincerely believe we err.

We believe our loyalty to leadership and to the

principles of church organization is repeatedly
demonstrated in the history of the past half century.
3
We have always been respectful to leaders who we
believe are “the anointed of the Lord,” even
though we believe they at times have seriously
misunderstood the 1888 message and history, and
have at times unfairly judged our efforts to bring
this to their attention.

The initial issue which prompted our first letter

to the officers of the General Conference at the
1950 General Conference Session (reproduced at
the end of this document) was the reality of Baal
worship in our midst. The idea that we could be
confused by a “false christ” in place of the true
One has been resisted by General Conference
leadership; nevertheless there is clear testimony
from Ellen White that as a consequence of “our”
corporate rejection “in a great degree” of the
1888 message, Baal worship would enter in among
us (1SM 234, 235; TM 467, 468).

In Adventists Affirm of Spring 1993 Dr. Mervyn

Maxwell tells of his being “annoyed” and
“stunned” as a committee member when he first
heard us present this to General Conference
4
brethren. Before his death he published the article
in which he repented of being so “annoyed” and
frankly recognized the reality of Ellen White’s
prediction of Baal worship infiltrating our ranks.
This matter of Baal worship is the central issue,
and has been all this half century. Was Ellen White
right, or was she wrong?

As a reader and loyal church member, you

have the duty of thoughtful study. Jesus said,
“Judge righteous judgment.”

Donald K. Short and Robert J. Wieland

5
 Foreword
History at Issue

Like the Jews we must face our past. Unlike the

Jews, we have before us an “open door, and no
man can shut it.”

This is a documentary record of numerous

attempts beginning in 1950 to persuade the General
Conference to give to the world church the
authentic 1888 message as “the Lord in His great
mercy sent” it, to let the agents themselves speak
whom the Lord employed.

The record includes the General Conference

response over these four decades.

In making this correspondence available the

two authors who compile it are exposing
themselves to the critical judgment of their
contemporaries. Have these two authors been
wrong in making their appeal? Or have they made
it in a wrong spirit? And have General Conference
6
leadership been right in rejecting their appeal?
Surely thoughtful readers can readily discern where
the problem lies.

Each passing decade has added further details

of serious importance to this on-going history. All
the participants who were originally concerned in
1950 have gone to their graves—save these two.
Shall they also go to their graves—leaving the
record buried? What is their duty?

We have been urged to make this record public

before we go to our rest, unless soon the church is
prepared “as a bride adorned for her husband” and
we with her have the high privilege to witness the
Lord’s second advent. In either case, this is a
record vitally concerned with Seventh-day
Adventist mission. And these two authors would
rather face judgment before they close their life
record than afterwards. Perhaps their current
readers can view these four decades more
objectively than they can, and thus help them
discern where they went astray in conceiving or
expressing their convictions.

7
 Again, this documentation may be especially
relevant today as some “independent ministries”
and separationists challenge loyal church members
to withdraw their support and even membership
from the organized church. Because the authors of
this essay are loyal to the organization of the
church they have no sympathy with such a
suggestion. But they believe that the
documentation of this issue of 1888 may illuminate
some of the original sources of our present disunity
and may strengthen ties of loyalty which are now
being severely strained.

8
 Chapter 1

The Initial Appeal

The year was 1950. The place was the Civic
Auditorium in San Francisco, where the forty-sixth
session of the General Conference convened from
July 10 to 22. Among the more than 850 delegates
to “this great world conference” came these two
missionaries from the Southern African Division
who were home on their first furlough after serving
for a number of years in the East African Union
Mission.

One was a mission director in Kenya at a

station which at the time professed the largest
membership in Africa, while the other served as
mission held president in Uganda. Both were
deeply concerned with the spiritual needs of the
church in Africa. Although they had known each
other from college days at Southern Junior and
Washington Missionary College, they had had no
special association over the years, having seen each
other but once at a workers’ meeting in their
9
Union.

As a coincidence they went on furlough

together traveling with their families from
Mombasa on the S.S. Llandovery Castle, through
the Red Sea, the Mediterranean, and finally on to
England. In due course they arrived at the
Theological Seminary in Washington where they
were to spend the winter and spring months of their
furlough time in study, ending with attendance at
the General Conference session just before
returning to Africa.

Their experience at the Seminary in 1949 was

unique. While the missionary from Kenya took
courses in church history, the one from Uganda
attended classes in theology where he heard some
(to him) troubling concepts. When he discussed the
matter with the Seminary president, he was told he
must forthwith leave—being perhaps the only
ordained minister ever so expelled from the
seminary. This traumatic experience became an
occasion for sleepless nights of earnest prayer,
study, and surrender. (He spent the winter months

10
of his furlough time in research into the 1888
history and message, and in writing a book
manuscript which seventeen years later found
publication as "In Search of the Cross".

Forbidden at the White Estate to delve into

Ellen White’s unpublished writings on the subject
of 1888, he made efforts to contact surviving
retired ministers who had known Ellen White
personally, to ask permission to read what
unpublished material from her pen that they might
have. In due course he amassed a considerable file
of then-unknown material on the subject.

A book review in the February 1950 Ministry

aroused his interest for he was convicted that it
evidenced serious confusion regarding the gospel
of righteousness by faith. He wrote to the
Ministerial Association leaders and then to the
General Conference president expressing concern
that we as Adventists not lose the uniqueness of the
“third angel’s message in verity.” In general, his
letters were not well received, although the
president did respond with what seemed to be

11
genuine appreciation. But several letters from Elder
W. A. Spicer expressed warm support for his
concern encouragement which was crucial in a
time of agonizing perplexity.

When they arrived in San Francisco the first

meeting the two delegates attended was the
Ministerial Association in Polk Hall, west of the
main auditorium, July 6 to 10—four days prior to
the regular Session. The platform for this meeting
had a royal blue curtain backdrop with a motto in
letters of gold, “A fame for God.” During these
ministerial meetings the theme, “Christ-centered
preaching,” was promoted. The two missionaries
from East Africa were impressed with the vast
array of activities, booths, placards and massive
arrangements for the meetings. This was their first
General Conference session to attend. It would not
be the last.

Elder J. L. McElhany, president of the General

Conference for fourteen years, withdrew. Because
of illness on the way to the conference, his opening
address on Monday evening, July 10, was read by

12
his secretary, Elder A. W. Cormack.

One-fourth of his sermon was direct quotation

from Ellen White. His own concern was evident as
he used a portion from Life Sketches, pp. 323, 324:
“Those who believe the truth must be as faithful
sentinels on the watchtower, or Satan will suggest
specious reasoning to them, and they will give
utterance to opinions that will betray sacred, holy
trusts. The enmity of Satan against good, will be
manifested more and more, as he brings his forces
into activity in his last work of rebellion; and every
soul that is not fully surrendered to God, and kept
by divine power, will form an alliance with Satan
against heaven, and join in battle against the Ruler
of the universe.”

Before using this part of a much longer

quotation he stated his own conviction in these
words: “The greatest dangers we face today are not
from without but from changing emphasis and
shifting attitudes from within.” He followed his
Ellen White quotation with the solemn question to
the conference: “Is it too much to expect that all

13
those who stand as leaders in this movement shall,
in the way they teach and in the manner in which
they live out the principles of this message, clearly
reveal that they are sanctified by the truth?”

He went on to quote from his address at the

1946 General Conference: “I lift my voice today in
solemn warning against any attempt from
whatsoever source to set aside, to modify, or to
compromise these great principles of truth that
have made this movement what it is.”

As Elder McElhany laid down his

responsibilities, the session voted Elder W. H.
Branson to be the next General Conference
president.

July 11, 1950. It was in this context at the

Session that the two young missionaries from
Africa wrote their letter to the members of the
General Conference Committee. They wrote in
response to an urgency voiced in a public
announcement that if any delegate had a burden on
his heart, express it. Elder L. K. Dickson had

14
declared in the Sabbath worship service preceding
the session that “we must make a right turn at this
session where we took a wrong turn in 1888.”
These two authors sensed that world conditions
were in crisis; the new atomic age might usher in
another world war; it’s time to get serious.

That letter, over four pages long, set in motion

a dialogue and precipitated issues that have
remained unresolved for over forty years. The
letter is quoted in full as Exhibit 1. It challenged
the General Conference Committee with sober
considerations. Some major points:

• There is great confusion in our ranks today

because much so-called “Christ-centered
preaching” is in reality anti-christ centered
preaching.

• Through the three-fold union of apostate

Protestantism, Romanism, and Spiritualism, Satan
will take the religious world captive and modern
evangelists will present a “Christ” that is
identifiable with the God of modern Spiritualism.

15
 • Lip service is paid to our distinctive doctrines
but they are repeatedly disparaged as secondary,
this “Christ” being considered primary; thus a
vague mysticism is permeating Adventism
calculated to deceive the very elect.

• The incident of Dr. Kellogg’s apostasy

involving “deadly heresies,” “doctrines of devils,”
and “spiritualistic sentiments” confirms that
Seventh-day Adventists can be deceived.

• The spiritualistic sophistries which deceived

Dr. Kellogg and a great proportion of the leaders
then were a forerunner of the almost overmastering
attempt of Satan to lead us into Spiritualism as we
near the end.

• The peril of this deception is confirmed by

numerous statements from Ellen White.

• This refined Spiritualism constitutes a species

of virtual Baal worship that has been gradual and
unconscious.

16
 • This departure into Baal worship is the
consequence of not discerning the light of
righteousness by faith revealed in 1888
(Testimonies to Ministers, pp. 467, 468).

• Highly refined Spiritualism is a counterfeit

species of righteousness by faith in opposition to
the true revival such as Jones and Waggoner and
Sister White brought in 1888.

• This modern Spiritualism is not discerned by

our people and can set up a false god, a false
“Christ,” and a false “Holy Spirit.”

• The type of Christian experience being

preached among us today is practically that
advocated by popular evangelists and is a manifest
departure from the truths taught in the Bible and
"Steps to Christ".

• Our dear people need to have this important

matter clarified and nothing before this gathering
can possibly be as weighty with serious import.

17
 July 18, 1950. After one week with no answer
they wrote another letter on July 18 (Exhibit 2).
The “unofficial” sentiment suggested that they not
be allowed to return to Africa until the matter was
“cleared up.” Their second letter pointed out that
they had not challenged a tenet of Adventist
doctrine but were only appealing for a return to the
faith endorsed by divine leading in our history:
“We freely confess that it may not be impossible
that we are indeed the most stupid fools ever to
attend a General Conference session. But, if we
are, it should be most easily possible for you to
show us wherein, logically and rationally and
truthfully, our conclusions are utterly erroneous.
This matter is very serious; either we are terribly
right, or we are terribly wrong.”

Nearly two pages of their four page letter are

quoted from Manuscript 15, 1888, written in
November at the time of the 1888 conference and
addressed to: “Dear Brethren Assembled at
General Conference.” In this, Ellen White made a
plea to exercise “the spirit of Christians” and not to

18
let “strong feelings of prejudice arise.” She
supports the message that was given at this session
by declaring: “Dr. Waggoner has spoken to us in a
straightforward manner. There is precious light in
what he has said.”

This second letter closes with an appeal: “Let

the Cross be restored to the everlasting gospel. Let
Israel behold the Lamb of God, rather than this
false Christ, this Babylonian Baal, held up before
them at the present time.”

July 20, 1950. On the last day of the

conference a letter came to these two missionary
delegates (Exhibit 3). The officers acknowledged
the letters of July 11 and 18. With a “sympathetic
spirit” they suggested that “it seems that both of
you are passing through a spiritual conflict in
relation to this movement of which you are a part.”
The officers could not fathom the possibility “that,
as Israel of old, we are today worshipping at the
altars of Baal instead of the true God of Israel.”
They acknowledged that “we have not had time, in
the busy hours of this session, to give the matter

19
any consideration. But we believe that before either
of you should plan to return to Africa that we must
have an understanding with you.”

Their letter closed with a solemn declaration:

“Brethren, you are on dangerous ground. You are
on the path that Satan trod in your spirit of
accusation which led to his being cast out of
heaven. … We cannot see that God has placed you
in His church as a critic of your brethren, but we
want to help you and save you to your work in
Africa.” Solemn words, to drive us to our knees!

August 3, 1950. Because the missionary from

Uganda had been expelled from the seminary he
was staying in Florida. The other from Kenya was
in the seminary apartments in Washington. This
meant that two separate replies were sent to the
General Conference. The letter from the Florida
address is dated August 3, 1950 (Exhibit 4). This
two and one-half page letter is frank. It raises the
question, “Can you point out statements that were
either unkind, un-Christian, or evidencing
irrelevant personal thrusts? If, doctrinally and

20
historically, we should eventually be shown to be
right, do not the exigencies of the present crisis
require forthright, frank, honest treatment?” Their
return sailing date to Africa was in limbo—
awaiting directions from the brethren.

August 6, 1950. The reply from the missionary

in Washington was one and one-half pages (Exhibit
5). The reason for their letters was stated: “We
were convinced that to continue to be silent was to
be dishonest to our convictions. We have not
spread this matter abroad but placed it before the
highest body we know so that the proper
consideration could be given to it. The brethren
will have to judge if this is ‘not cooperation’. We
stand ready to counsel with the brethren. We
respect our experienced leaders but it should be
remembered that age has never made error into
truth. … Awaiting your directions.”

September 5, 1950. A letter from the same

General Conference associate secretary under date
of September 5 set out the immediate plan (Exhibit
6). The General Conference officers suggested that

21
a small committee have an interview with the two
missionaries. This was set for September 13, at 3
p.m.

September 13, 1950. After more than forty

years it is not certain who was present except the
two missionaries and among others, one vice-
president and one associate secretary of the
General Conference, one associate secretary of the
Ministerial Association, and the secretary of the
Ellen G. White Estate. A three-page “Outline of
Procedure” was to guide the interview (Exhibit 7).
There was more in the “Outline” than could be
covered in one interview; to try to make the matter
clear the two missionaries requested that they be
allowed to present written evidence of confusion in
contemporary concepts. They were convinced that
much precious light had been lost since
Minneapolis—honest deceptions had crept into the
church. During the meeting the secretary of the
White Estate affirmed positively that the
presentation of righteousness by faith at the 1888
General Conference “was accepted.” Those who
had initially opposed the message made their

22
confessions within five years and the opposition
ceased.

September 14, 1950. The day after the

interview a further paper was presented to the
Special Committee (Exhibit 8). This laid the
ground for the manuscript that was to be discussed
over the next several decades.

Why “1888 Re-examined”?

The authors knew they must explain

themselves as clearly as possible or face dismissal
from the ministry. In that sense, the manuscript
was written in self-defence, as a follow-up to the
original letter of July 11. They voiced their
convictions with documentation from Adventist
history. Their manuscript in two parts delivered to
the Special Committee contained some five
hundred Ellen White exhibits, and in its finished
form ran to 204 pages legal size. It was outlined,
written, and typed over a period of six weeks, yet
contained far more than the committee had
anticipated. It had been written in Florida and

23
Takoma Park, was typed by paid stenographers and
duplicated commercially, partly in Washington and
partly at Southern Missionary College. It had no
title page, no date, and no authors listed. The
presentation was specifically written for this
Special Committee of the General Conference, who
were given fifteen mimeographed copies. The
authors wanted them to have clear, full evidence of
their deepest convictions.

September 29, 1950. There is no way to know

what transpired in private discussions of the
Special Committee as they considered “1888 Re-
examined.” However, under date of September 29,
the associate secretary sent a letter indicating that a
booking had been made for the Kenya family to
sail back to Mombasa on October 27 (Exhibit 9).
Although the manuscript was not fully completed
at this time and the “official action” of the
committee was still in the future, it was
“definitely” planned that this booking be accepted,
and so it was. Exhibit 10 is the letter of acceptance
for the October 27 booking. There were unknown
factors pending, but these would be cared for in

24
due time.

October 5, 1950. The associate secretary

confirmed that the booking was in order. Also even
though the last portion of the manuscript was not in
their hands they considered there was no need for
another interview. This meant that both families
could go back to Africa (Exhibit 11).

“To the Members of the Special Committee”

October 5, 1950. As the committee was

considering the manuscript, certain other facts
needed consideration. An accompanying statement
was submitted on October 5 (Exhibit 12). This
four-page letter delineated serious problems that
were evident at the Session just past, pointing out
dangers then which have become rather operational
procedures in our ranks at the present time.

October 17, 1950. The associate secretary of

the General Conference sent a joint letter to the two
missionaries now officially cleared to return to
Africa (Exhibit 13). But the manuscript required

25
more time for study. Consequently: “We feel that
because of the content of the manuscript and the
nature of the problems involved that the manuscript
should have wider study than we have thus far been
able to give it. We are, therefore, recommending
that your manuscript be referred to the Defense
Literature Committee of the General Conference
for further study and investigation. … In saying
this we do not in any sense agree with your
conclusions, but we believe when any of our
brethren have made such a thorough study on the
question as you have, that the matter should not be
passed by lightly.” Of concern was the possibility
of “agitation among the workers,” but assurances
had been given to the leaders in Africa that this
would not happen. This letter was received in New
York the day before the S.S. African Planet sailed
for Africa. A reply from the Kenya missionary was
written onboard ship en route to Walvis Bay.

November 3, 1950. The reply to the question

of “agitation” is given in this letter (Exhibit 14).
The two workers would have discussion with
fellow missionaries only in reply to their direct

26
questions, and in cooperation with the leaders.

Their concern was clear: “Indeed if the General

Conference Committee after careful study
considers the premise and conclusion of the paper
to be erroneous, there remains no place in this
world for us to take the matter and no amount of
agitation would avail anything.”

November 29, 1950. This cordial letter from

the associate secretary was the beginning of
relations as usual (see Exhibit 15). It closed with:
“There is a great work to be done, and we are
living in solemn times.”

In the meantime both missionaries arrived back

in East Africa. By some unforeseen providence
they were assigned to the same mission station in
Uganda. One continued to serve as the president of
the field and the other was to serve as acting
treasurer during the regular treasurer’s furlough. As
the weeks and months went by they felt a growing
concern as to what the brethren would finally say
about the manuscript for the General Conference

27
was “the highest authority on earth.”

Could it be possible that buried in the Ellen G.

White vault were some statements that contradicted
or superseded the many statements these authors
had cited in the manuscript about the 1888
rejection? They had written it without access to the
Ellen White vault, in fact access had been denied.
They had used many published statements such as
Testimonies to Ministers, etc., but all the citations
from unpublished Ellen White materials had come
from various unofficial sources, retired workers,
and duplicate copies of original typings that she
had placed in the hands of trusted workers in her
lifetime. (All of these documents are of course now
freely available in "The Ellen G. White 1888
Materials". Our using these unpublished materials
had even evoked from the White Estate a threat of
possible legal action against us.)

The two missionaries went about their work in

Africa sensing that a sword was dangling over their
heads.

28
 Chapter 2

Sunshine and Storms

June 10, 1951. Because rumors have a way of
traveling in our church, even to Africa, questions
came up among the missionaries in East Africa.
The authors brought this problem into focus by a
letter to a General Conference departmental
secretary (Exhibit 16), requesting that if the authors
needed to be “straightened out in general, that the
brethren convey to us their criticisms.” They were
waiting on an official reply to the manuscript.

December 6, 1951. After they had waited more

than fourteen months, an undated eleven-page
letter came to Africa, postmarked December 6,
1951 (Exhibit 17). The delay was due in part to
some of the committee members being on overseas
appointments for long periods of time. The
committee’s negative report on the document
highlighted their concerns:

“The manuscript gives every evidence of

29
earnest, diligent, and painstaking effort; but we feel
concerned over what appears to us to be a very
critical attitude concerning the leadership, the
ministry, and the plans of work in God’s cause.”

• (The manuscript states in more than one

place: “The message of 1888 was neither a
reemphasis of the views of the pioneers of the
advent movement on justification by faith,
Wesleyan or whatever they were; nor was it ‘the
same doctrine that Luther, Wesley, and many other
servants of God had been teaching’” [p. 46]. It was
the “third angel’s message in verity”). To this the
committee replied: “Such a conclusion, we believe,
is not in harmony with Scriptural teaching, nor is it
in accord with the writings and counsels of the
Spirit of prophecy.”

• Tree and a half pages occupy quotes from an

“older, experienced, and highly honored” worker
who was eleven years old at the time of the 1888
conference. His conclusion: “It is my belief that the
doctrine and the [1888] truth of justification by
faith took hold of our people to a marked degree.

30
… I am convinced that the message of justification
by faith took hold of our people at that time, and
served to rescue them from the doldrums which
had set in the 1880’s, and prepared them to receive
and participate in the mighty forward movement
throughout the world which began with the great
Conference of 1901.”

• The reply cites numerous publications in

subsequent years by E. J. Waggoner and A. T.
Jones as proof that the message was proclaimed;
but more important, what they expounded is now
available “in more effective form, in the writings of
the Spirit of prophecy and in other of our
publications.” (This last point is a long-standing
issue that is as yet unresolved).

• The reply notes that the manuscript affirms

that “there is before the remnant church a heavy
account to settle. The sooner the issue is faced
squarely and candidly the better (p. 2). … A
recognition of the significance of our
denominational history in the light of Spirit of
Prophecy declarations, is essential before the loud

31
cry can be recognized, and received. Could any
other kind of ‘loud cry’ than that which would
follow a denominational repentance lighten the
earth with glory’? What glory for God would there
be in it?” (p. 137). But this concept of corporate
and denominational repentance is rejected
emphatically: “We do not believe that it is
according to God’s plan and purpose for the
present leadership of the movement to make
acknowledgement or confession, either private or
public, concerning any of the mistakes made by the
leadership of a by-gone generation. … Your
proposal is not according to God’s plan in His
dealings with His people.”

• The manuscript noted Ellen White’s

prediction of Baal worship as a result of rejecting
the 1888 message (Testimonies to Ministers, pp.
467, 468), and asserted that we face that danger of
confusion with a false christ and Baal worship in
our books and presentations. This is also stoutly
denied: “Such a charge that the ministry is in any
sense of the word, following the pattern of Baal
worship, is entirely false and unfounded. It is our

32
conviction that this charge is not only without
foundation, but that in making it, you have done a
gross injustice to many of our trusted, honored, and
Spirit-filled workers. Such charges remind us of
those who, in the days of the Saviour, charged Him
with casting out devils by Beelzebub, the prince of
devils. Our earnest counsel to you is not to stand as
critics of your brethren.”

• The report urged that our need was not to

consider “the mistakes of a previous generation”
but rather, “Can we not recognize in the call made
at the recent General Conference the call of God to
His people today? This appeal went around the
earth, and from both leaders and people there has
been a remarkable response from all over the
world. … Out of this has grown a strong and
determined resolve under God to finish quickly the
work He has committed to His people.”

• The call that went out from this session was

two-fold:

(1) claim the reception of the latter rain of the

33
Holy Spirit by simply assuming that we have it
irrespective of a lack of repentance or preparation,
and

(2) double our church membership: “[If] we

will reach out today, and every day, and lay hold of
this promised blessing and receive the Holy Spirit
according to God’s promise, we ought to go back
from this meeting with a cry to our churches to
double our membership between now and the next
session. … If we can only enter into that
experience where we have tongues of fire as we
preach to men, thousands will come in a day”
(Review and Herald, July 17, 1950, p. 117)].

• The Defense Literature Committee report

closed their reply with a finality that perplexed the
authors and seemed to defy history and all that
Ellen White had said about 1888. Their
assessment: “We see nothing new in your
manuscript. … ? Two years after the General
Conference in 1888 God was working on the hearts
of men, and … many of the leaders and of the
people happily responded to the appeals that were

34
made. … If you accept this counsel … you will not
wish to press your rather critical views nor to
circulate them any further.”

February 27, 1952. This Defense Literature

Committee report unequivocally decided that
“1888 Re-examined” was error and that at least
part of the paper was “false and unfounded.” What
shall we do? More study, more prayer, more
seeking the Lord for guidance as to duty, more
surrender.

The authors wrote a four-page response

(Exhibit 18): “We acknowledge the General
Conference to be the highest body God has placed
on earth and therefore the matter is now their
responsibility—being the properly constituted
watchmen upon the walls of Zion. … While we
make this statement of submission to the General
Conference we also wish to be frank in saying that
we do not believe the reply as given to us will bear
analysis. Therefore to go into your file before it is
closed on this matter we submit the following and
quite needless to say time will soon prove how

35
‘false and unfounded’ or how dreadfully true our
convictions are.”

Nine specific points are covered in the letter.

Number 2, one of the more lengthy, points out that
“it is not wrong to believe that the last generation
of mankind will have a ‘more mature concept of
the everlasting gospel than has been perceived by
any previous generation of human beings’,” just as
surely as Paul preached a more mature
understanding of the gospel than Abraham.
“Certainly Paul or Luther or Wesley did not preach
the ‘third angel’s message in verity’.”

Point number 6, with over one page of

considerations, deals with the biblical record
supporting the need to recognize and profit from
mistakes of past generations. This has come to be
known as “corporate repentance.” Twelve different
texts are cited as proof that this is true. The biblical
accounts indicate that true repentance and
confession brought blessing to Israel.

As far as the authors could know at the time,

36
this was the end of the dialogue: “In closing we
would say … surely God will soon give judgment
in His own way according to His will and we shall
be proven terribly wrong or dreadfully right. We
leave the case in His hands.”

March 13, 1952. In the spring of 1950 Elder

W. A. Spicer had encouraged the authors with
hearty support for their unpopular convictions.
Early in 1952 came some interesting word from the
Spirit of Prophecy that amounted to confirmation
beyond question.

The Review and Herald, March 13, page 6,

published a manuscript release never before seen in
public. Originally when this letter had been written
in Australia, June 6, 1896, Ellen White’s secretary
had made a notation addressed to Uriah Smith:
“The enclosed pages present a few points which
were opened to Sister White last night, and which
she wished sent to you.”

This statement written more than seven years

after the Minneapolis Conference settles forever

37
that there was “in a great measure” determinative
rejection at and after the 1888 Session; it was the
work of Satan; and “in a great degree” it had kept
the message away from our people and “prevented
them from obtaining the special power of the Holy
Spirit that God longed to impart.” Furthermore:
“The light that is to lighten the whole world with
its glory was resisted, and by the action of our own
brethren has been kept away from the world.” This,
during that period of seven years which the
General Conference had just assured us saw
genuine official acceptance and powerful
proclamation of the 1888 message!

This confirmation of church leadership

rejection of “most precious” light was published
later in 1958 in Selected Messages, Book One, pp.
234, 235. The two missionaries were assured now
that there was nothing in the writings of Ellen
White that took a different position about our
denominational history than had been stated in
“1888 Re-examined.” But this was only 1952 and
years of dialogue awaited them yet in the future.

38
 As time went on the 1888 manuscript with no
title page, no date, no authors listed, spread around
the world. To stop it seemed impossible. Lay
members who saw it viewed official attempts to
suppress it as an exercise of “kingly power” and a
denial of the principles of Christian liberty. Official
condemnation of the manuscript unsupported by
convincing evidence precipitated among them an
unprecedented loss of confidence in the leadership
of the church. The more readers were convinced
that the basic thesis of the manuscript was
supported by Ellen White and historical evidence,
the more astounded they were by persistent
General Conference rejection of it. This breakdown
of leadership credibility became especially evident
in the Australasian Division.

In 1956 a Seventh-day Adventist couple in the

American West, without any permission,
duplicated 90 copies of the manuscript. For many,
this obviously increased the awareness of
Adventist history. The authors wrote to individuals
asking them to please leave the manuscript alone
and not circulate it; it was written for the attention

39
of the General Conference whose task it is to lead
out in denominational repentance. But by 1957
church members were sending inquiries to the
General Conference. What was wrong with the
manuscript? Why had they rejected it?

The authors had to give assurance to the

brethren that the agitation was not of their making.
They expressed the firm conviction that a
denominational repentance and humbling of heart
before the Lord should be initiated by the world
leadership of the church and not be neglected by
them so that only the laity could take the lead.
They maintained that the breakdown of confidence
in leadership was not the result of telling the truth
about our history, but of leadership suppressing
that truth.

If there was any truth in the manuscript, it

would “be recognized in due time. Conversely, if
there was indeed nothing in it of real value as the
reply of the Defense Literature Committee in 1951
pointed out, it would be expected to die a natural
death, as anything without the Lord’s blessing

40
usually does.”

Before the year 1957 was over, readers were

pressuring the General Conference to make a
reasonable and credible reply to the manuscript. A
letter from one of the General Field Secretaries,
September 24, makes this plain.

September 24 and September 9, 1957. The

authors received a three-page letter from a
Seventh-day Adventist local church elder in the
West, A. L. Hudson (Exhibits 19 and 20). This
church elder was concerned that the General
Conference refused to reply to his questions. His
opinion was that the manuscript had started
something that was now out of theirs as well as the
authors’ control. This church elder considered the
official opposition taken by the General
Conference to be against “the purposes of God.”
He proposed to bring the matter before the church
at large in an official way, which he tried to do
subsequently, February 3, 1959.

In the meantime other considerations were

41
coming into focus.

Forty-eighth Session
General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists
Cleveland Public Auditorium,
Cleveland, Ohio
June 19 - 28, 1958

Eight years had gone by and now the same two

missionaries from Africa were once more delegates
to a Session. They had heard rumors in Africa that
a second General Conference condemnation of
their manuscript was in preparation. Very early in
the Session one of the general vice-presidents
showed them a draft copy of an official report that
was to be released subsequently. As it turned out,
this document of 49 pages would later be published
in September. It was produced under the authority
of “a committee appointed by the officers” and was
entitled, “Further Appraisal of the Manuscript
‘1888 Re-examined’.”

When the authors read the draft at the Session

they informed the vice-president that in its present

42
form the document would bring embarrassment to
the General Conference. This conversation was
followed by a letter dated June 23, 1958 in which
the authors detailed the points that were so
obviously false that they would humiliate
leadership if made public (Exhibit 21). However as
the officers had planned, at the end of the summer
“Appraisal” was published with none of the
corrections which the authors suggested were
necessary in order to avoid the tragedy of General
Conference embarrassment.

“Further Appraisal of the Manuscript

‘1888 Re-examined’”
September, 1958

This document states that prior to the Defense

Literature Committee considering the manuscript,
the original Special Committee had found the
authors’ manuscript to be faulted by:

(a) “inadequate sources of information,”

(b) “total lack of Biblical background or
sources,”

43
 (c) “sets forth no positive teaching of
righteousness by faith and contains a
number of contradictions,”
(d) “conclusions set forth in the document
could not be accepted,” and
(e) it should have “deliberate checking and
study” by the Defense Literature
Committee.

Now after more than seven years, “Appraisal”

had concluded that:

(a) “the authors have revealed considerable

amateurishness in both research and use of
facts;”
(b) there is “a consistent pattern throughout the
manuscript of using quotations out of their
setting;”
(c) “’1888 Re-examined’ is a serious reflection
upon the literary ethics of its authors;”
(d) “Chapter XIII … is honeycombed with so
much fallacious reasoning that the reader
utterly fails to discover what the authors are
attempting to prove;”

44
 (e) “there is no justification for the sweeping
charges set forth in the thesis of this
manuscript.

Had the authors succeeded in substantiating

their charges, their work might have been worthy
of serious consideration. Having not only failed to
substantiate such charges, but having proved
themselves guilty of distortion of facts and
misapplication of statements from the Spirit of
prophecy, the authors of ‘1888 Re-examined’ have
produced a manuscript that is detrimental to the
church, derogatory to the leaders of the church, and
to uninformed individuals who may happen to read
it.”

There is no way to know just how far the

influence of the manuscript had gone in the
English-speaking church. People copied and
distributed portions at random. Someone in
Australia reproduced sections which turned up in
East Africa as attributed to “an unknown teacher.”
The November 1958 issue of the denomination’s
missionary journal THESE TIMES carried an

45
article about Baal worship under the regular
monthly heading, “Pageant of Prophecy” which
included on page 33 a lengthy verbatim quote from
1888 Re-examined from the chapter, “The True
Christ vs. the False Christ,” without attributing the
source. Some editor considered the material to be
truth sufficiently clear to be worthy of publication
in one of the church’s leading missionary journals.

“An Answer to
‘Further Appraisal of the Manuscript
“1888 Re-examined’”
October, 1958

The charges made by “Appraisal” were very

serious. But they failed to deal with the content of
the manuscript, deeming it sufficient to discredit
the authors’ integrity. “Appraisal” rested its case
on a charge not even mentioned in the first Report,
that is, alleged unethical use of Ellen G. White
statements, which it was assumed discredits the
manuscript. The Defense Literature Committee
report of 1951 had condemned the manuscript
because it was too “critical” and would lead to

46
unsettling confidence in the church leadership; but
it too did not deal with the subject matter as such.
Now again in 1958 no specific consideration was
given to its subject matter beyond rejecting it, this
rejection being considered sufficient once the
charge of misusing Ellen White’s writings is
established.

Again, more prayer, more study, more seeking

the Lord for guidance. Should the authors keep
silent? What was duty? Should not the actual
subject matter be given attention? Is it the Lord’s
will that they accept condemnation without
consideration?

They decided to explore sixteen specific

charges in a 70-page response. They respectfully
submitted that there is no question but that they had
used Ellen G. White statements honestly,
reasonably, and in harmony with her expressed
intent. “The more research is continued, the more
completely is this vindication evident in statements
hitherto unknown.”

47
 When the authors’ “An Answer” became
available in October 1958 to anyone interested, the
General Conference suddenly withdrew “A Further
Appraisal” from circulation, and it has never been
available since.

A church member who had been in

correspondence with the General Conference over
a period of time wrote to the officers and pointed
out their untenable position. He addressed his letter
to the Secretary but also sent copies to two other
General Conference personnel and to the
manuscript authors. The authors set forth their
convictions to this member, with copies to the
same brethren. In this letter of October 24, 1958,
the following paragraph had to set out their stand:

“We are therefore faced today with making our

position clear. It is this. For eight years we have
made every endeavor to respect the positions of our
brethren in the General Conference. When we
requested individuals not to reproduce the
manuscript, it was because of this respect and
deference. We have never desired to enter into

48
controversy with the General Conference or to
appeal the discussion to the church at large. We do
not relish even the thought of controversy. But God
forbid, that out of respect or deference to certain
leaders or their leadership, we should deny truth.
Actually we do not believe a very large segment of
the General Conference is even acquainted with the
manuscript ‘1888 Re-examined,’ hence ‘Appraisal’
represents the reply of a very small group of men.
Nonetheless it is issued under the name of the
General Conference and must be accepted as such.
For this we are very sorry, but thus history is being
made. As the record will show, our brethren have
had repeated requests over the past eight years to
face up to the issue, all of which has been to no
avail. We can therefore no longer endeavor to
shield our brethren in this matter, come what may.”

This paragraph the brethren received with

grave concern. They considered it to be a
“declaration of war.” Consequently they called for
another meeting for November 17, 1958. The next
day after the meeting the authors sent a letter of
summary to the committee, lest they leave any

49
misunderstanding.

November 18, 1958. This letter of summary is

Exhibit 22. The issues of eight years are still
pending, and concern a correct theological
understanding. Meanwhile, church members
continue to wonder why the General Conference
persistently repudiate the manuscript.

November 18, Letter No. 2. The content of

“Appraisal” continues to be under discussion.
Again the authors point out that thoughtful readers
will sense that the official attitude toward the
manuscript is untenable and will bring
embarrassment to the General Conference. They
are concerned that the brethren not break down
leadership credibility with the laity (Exhibit 23).

January 21, 1959. As the time for return to

Africa drew near, the authors sent a further
statement to the General Conference which assured
them that they would refrain from agitation and
“resign the whole matter to the disposition of
Providence” (Exhibit 24).

50
 January 22, 1959. Transportation back to
Africa was approved, and the Southern African
Division was so informed. The General Conference
expressed confidence that “these matters” were
now in the past and “permanent good will accrue to
the cause” if no further discussions take place and
if the authors keep quiet about their convictions
(Exhibit 25). The officers were pleased for they
understood the phrase “the disposition of
Providence” to mean exclusive General Conference
control. The authors understood that it could
conceivably mean more than that, but time must
tell. How can we be sure which way the Holy Spirit
may choose to lead?

May 1, 1959. Both missionaries were back to

their assignments in Kenya by the month of June.
The East African Union Committee later voted the
one who had been in Uganda to be president of the
field in Central Kenya, and returned the other
worker to continue as manager of the East African
Publishing House. “1888” was in the Lord’s hands
now, and the authors could devote their full

51
attention to African matters.

But peace was not to come so easily. Upon

their arrival in East Africa they found a letter from
the General Conference president (Exhibit 26).
This was perhaps the first specifically expressed
concern from the highest officer of the church. He
saw a problem in the free circulation of the
manuscript in whole or in part “to create issues.”
The president requested a letter to “give definite
instructions that you do not authorize any one to
circulate the manuscript or quote from it, and that
you have left the matter in the hands of the General
Conference brethren.”

How could the authors respond honestly?

Conscientious, loyal church members were
concerned, for they saw the obvious import of
seventy years of history since 1888. Further, they
saw what the inspired agent of the gift of prophecy
had said in her available writings about the 1888
history. Lay members who loved the church, and
were loyal to it through and through, recognized
truth. But they were sadly convinced there were

52
agencies in the General Conference that suppressed
and denied it.

In the months of correspondence that were to

follow, the president, in writing to us, made
frequent reference to Ellen White’s counsel
regarding brethren of experience” in Testimonies,
Vol. 5, p. 293: “The only safety for any of us is in
receiving no new doctrine, no new interpretation of
the Scriptures, without first submitting it to
brethren of experience. Lay it before them in a
humble, teachable spirit, with earnest prayer; and if
they see no light in it, yield to their judgment…”
Many times the authors re-read and pondered the
entire testimony to “Brother D” (pp. 289-297).

The crucial question was: Who are the

“brethren of experience”? Are they exclusively
General Conference personnel, as the president
insisted? Or could they include other experienced,
thoughtful, consecrated ministers and laity?

Elder W. A. Spicer had encouraged the authors

in the beginning, and since then scores, yes

53
hundreds, of “experienced” people in all walks of
Adventist life had endorsed the basic thesis of the
manuscript, some of them professors in Potomac
University (the seminary). Where was the truth?

Again, the date of Ellen White’s testimony to

“Brother D” was 1884. If Ellen White had applied
that particular counsel to silence Jones and
Waggoner four years later, they would have been
crushed, for “in a great degree” the General
Conference “brethren of experience” had
condemned their message.

Someone had written,

“The man who once so wisely said,

‘Be sure you’re right, then go ahead,’
Could well have added this, to wit,
‘Be sure you’re wrong before you quit.’”

The authors felt driven to study and re-study

the evidence, seeking a humble spirit to respect the
counsel of the church’s highest officers while also
praying for the grace of guidance from the

54
“Wonderful Counselor.”

55
 Chapter 3

The Five Anonymous Judges

June 14, 1959. The authors wrestled with a
serious task to make their stand clear as they
replied to the General Conference president. They
must be submissive to “the highest authority on
earth,” yet they must also be honest (Exhibit 27).
They stated: “The passage of time has deepened
our conviction that the thesis of this manuscript is
correct and true. In particular this was confirmed
after our further research following our reading of
‘Appraisal’. … We consider that our reiterated
purpose to submit to the authority of the General
Conference should not be interpreted as a retraction
of our position, nor a modification of our
convictions regarding the manuscript.”

Three numbered paragraphs summarized their

reply:

(1) “We definitely do not approve of the

publication of the manuscript against your
56
 official opposition to it”;

(2) “The General Conference Committee

themselves have thus far not fully grasped
the significance and import of the
manuscript. … We dare not act as
conscience for workers or lay members in
good and regular standing … who feel a
burden to appeal to the General Conference
for a more careful consideration of the
matter”;

(3) “The phrase we used, ‘disposition of

Providence,’ requires that we do not only
take our hands of the manuscript to avoid
any agitation or promotion of it, but also
refrain from repressing other loyal Seventh-
day Adventists who may be motivated by
Providence entirely independently of
ourselves, to appeal the matter to you.”

June 29, 1959. The General Conference

president considered “the disposition of
Providence” to be exclusively, “solely,” General

57
Conference control. There seemed no possibility
that the Lord might work in any other way. He
wrote further (Exhibit 28): “I had hoped, dear
brethren, for a clear-cut statement from you to the
effect that you had left the matter of your
manuscript in the hands of the General Conference
brethren, and that you were trusting in the Lord to
work things out as He deems best. … I had
expected that you would manifest faith in the
Lord’s guidance and confidence in your brethren
by placing the matter in the hands of the General
Conference brethren solely to be guided by their
counsel.” He considered that the manuscript had
been given sufficient careful consideration because
a selected group at great expense and effort had
done this. He saw the General Conference
functioning as God’s voice and authority on earth.

September 25, 1959. Several weeks passed

before the authors sent a reply to the president.
They were not certain if a reply was expected;
however, they wrote one in a most serious vein
(Exhibit 29). The two-page letter respectfully
pointed out that although he had stated that the

58
manuscript has been given careful consideration, a
near decade of attention to it had thus far failed
completely to consider the actual subject matter.
Eight points were listed which with one exception
had been ignored; the exception being that it was
denied that the message had been rejected, but no
support was given for that bald statement. This
letter, to the chief officer of the church, was one of
the most serious they wrote over a period of years.

December 18, 1959. Increasing agitation in

Australia over the manuscript gave cause for
another letter to the president, with a statement
which might be used to make clear the authors’
loyalty to the church (Exhibit 30).

January 13, 1960. The president considered

that their statement did not go far enough (Exhibit
31). He wanted the manuscript to come totally
under the control of the General Conference, and
that the authors “definitely refuse permission to
anyone else to use it unless it is released by the
brethren [General Conference] in whose hands it
has been placed. … The only logical thing

59
therefore, as I see it, for you to do is to forbid its
use by anyone outside of the General Conference.”

By this time the manuscript had gone around

the world. It would live or die by virtue of its
content, and live only if some ministers and church
members could be willing to study the issues
irrespective of General Conference control.

January 31, 1960. As tension mounted in the

field, the authors reviewed the record of the past
decade, and so sent another letter to the president
(Exhibit 32). This two-page plea and statement of
conviction said in part: “If reasonable sound
evidence means anything, surely the past ten years
ought to speak clearly. We believe this has been
eloquently stated by you,—‘If God wants this
material circulated, you may be sure that no one on
earth can impede its circulation.’ To this we would
say a solemn, ‘Amen,’ and it should be added—not
even the General Conference can impede its
circulation if it is God’s will otherwise.” The letter
closed with an appeal: “Is it not time to make …
acknowledgement and in humility come before the

60
Lord with sincere repentance and confession of our
failings present and past and forthwith to present
the matter to God’s people as a whole?”

December 15, 1960. Rejection of the authors’

appeal by the General Conference brought
perplexity to lay members who believed it was
valid. Problems with different individuals were on
the increase because of their conviction that the
manuscript was basically true. Near the end of
1960, the General Conference president visited
Africa. The two missionaries wrote a letter to him
while he was in East Africa (Exhibit 33). Their
previous document, “An Answer” of October 1958,
had not been acknowledged by the General
Conference. Thus there was a vacuum. In a two-
page letter of December 15 they put forth some
very serious questions: “Just where do we stand
now with the General Conference? Must we
continue another decade or so under what is
virtually the ban or shadow of their condemnation?
We have been informed, we think quite reliably,
that no less than three attempts were made at
headquarters to remove us from the mission field

61
because of the manuscript.”

(In the meantime the missionary at the East

African Publishing House had been transferred to
the division publishing house in Cape Town).

January 26, 1961. While in East Africa the

General Conference president had had a brief
dialogue with the author working in Kenya, and
when he returned to Takoma Park he wrote about
this, mentioning further problems with an
individual in California making “unauthorized use”
of the manuscript. This called for a letter to the
party concerned, with a copy sent to headquarters
with a covering letter by the authors (Exhibit 34).
They said: “There are numerous ‘brethren of
experience’ who have recognized the historical
validity of our manuscript, among them scholars in
universities and senior colleges. … We do not want
to run the risk of that ‘rebuke of the Lord’ that will
rest upon those who dare to condemn truth.”

February 10, 1961. The president considered it

sufficient that “two answers were given,” being the

62
result of “very careful thought” (Exhibit 35). He
then put the question: “Would you care to suggest
just what kind of answer you feel is still
forthcoming?”

March 20, 1961. The authors acknowledged

this letter (Exhibit 36): “For the record it should be
clearly understood that the manuscript we
presented to the brethren has not to date been
considered for content insofar as any reply we have
received indicates.”

April 12, 1961. The president repeated that he

thought those who studied the manuscript had done
so carefully (Exhibit 37). They “felt that the
reference to inappropriateness of certain
quotations, as well as certain historical facts
referred to, had a definite bearing on the content
and that the content would naturally be affected by
the accuracy or inaccuracy of statements, as well as
certain historical facts surrounding the whole 1888
experience and following it.” In other words,
“brethren of experience” say that the 1888 message
was accepted by leadership; the manuscript says it

63
was not; it follows therefore that the manuscript
cannot be true. He suggested: “Write out briefly the
various points that you think should be considered
and that contain the heart of the manuscript.”

May 17, 1961. Again the president wrote with

great concern about the manuscript getting around
in North America (Exhibit 38). He wanted
instructions sent that the manuscript was not to be
circulated. His verdict warned of “drastic action”:
“I am afraid, dear brethren, that unless this word is
forthcoming from you without delay, some rather
drastic action will have to be taken.” The authors
knew what such “drastic action” might mean.

May 25, 1961. Their reply noted with concern

the president’s letter of May 17th. To try to assist
and to cooperate as far as possible without
violating conscience, they sent a further statement
which the brethren might use (Exhibit 39).

June 8, 1961. The president continued to be

disappointed and perplexed (Exhibit 40). He
considered that since the authors wrote the

64
manuscript, they must automatically be responsible
for the independent way it was being distributed.
They must therefore bear the blame for a
breakdown of confidence in leadership. In fact, the
General Conference would not give attention to a
proposed summary of the manuscript until the
authors made a further, stronger statement
affirming total control of the document by the
General Conference: “Before the brethren will
want to give serious consideration to the points that
I requested you to state, I think such a statement
should be forthcoming. It need not be long but it
should be pointed, without any diluting, additional
statements.”

June 21, 1961. The authors prepared a

statement: ‘To Whom It May Concern,” and sent it
with a covering letter (Exhibit 41). They made a
serious comment: “May we also mention again,
and we say this with respect, that it may not be
what is written in the manuscript which breaks
down confidence in the church or its organization,
which you mention; but what can easily have that
very effect is for the General Conference to

65
maintain unsubstantiated condemnation of what
loyal and thoughtful Seventh-day Adventists find it
impossible to consider as anything but simple,
obvious truth. Such a situation can be extremely
serious.” Was this statement libelous? Leadership
have considered even the suggestion of their
responsibility to be anathema.

July 27, 1961. The original manuscript, 1888

Re-examined totaled 204 pages but the “Summary”
was reduced to 20 pages double-spaced. This the
authors sent under separate cover to the General
Conference with a letter (Exhibit 42). The authors
requested that if possible this resume be placed in
the hands of a larger group of “brethren of
experience” to include scholars who will view the
matter objectively and consider the thesis on its
merits as historical research, and that the number
include at least a few laymen. To make this record
complete this “Summary” of 20 pages is included
as Exhibit 43.

August 2, 1961. The president’s letter of over

two pages implied that the authors’ suggestion was

66
disrespectful, that administrators’ scholarly
abilities were indeed adequate, and that the authors
should “leave the matter in the hands of [them as]
‘brethren of experience, ’believing that God will
watch over what is right and true and that man
cannot keep God’s truth permanently from His
people” (Exhibit 44). Viewing the church as a
hierarchy, he stated that their request for lay
members’ participation must be denied: “The
wisdom of the suggestion that laymen be added to
an evaluating group we seriously question. This is
a matter that clearly should be dealt with by
‘brethren of experience.’ We are therefore not
bringing this to any lay member.”

August 10, 1961. The authors stated they do

not say that our leaders are not “honest, sincere,
conscientious, and unprejudiced,” but that
committee members unconsciously tend to uphold
previous committee decisions and thus
inadvertently approach a problem in a somewhat
biased way (Exhibit 45). Unaware that more than
three decades of discussion must yet go by, they
added: “We fully accept your counsel to believe

67
that the Lord’s overruling Providence will cause
truth to emerge and triumph in His own good
time.”

October 18, 1961. Because of continued use of

the manuscript by unauthorized groups, the authors
continued to send letters to try to solve the problem
and to defend the General Conference from
embarrassment. Kept informed, the brethren
appreciated this as seen in Exhibit 46. The
president also advised us that the “Summary” of
the manuscript had been placed in the hands of five
anonymous individuals for consideration.

October 22, 1961. Lay members continued to

be convinced by the manuscript. So widespread
was the knowledge of General Conference
rejection that somewhere a rumor originated that
the authors had been disfellowshipped, but this
was, thankfully, not true (Exhibit 47).

November 6, 1961. Now, after three months,

the president sent a five-page letter. It did not
contain the long-awaited report of the five

68
anonymous judges, but consisted only of excerpts
from their comments with no answers to the
specific questions listed in the “Summary” (Exhibit
48). He highly recommended the five reviewers as
capable for this work, and affirmed their soundness
in the faith. Yet for some mysterious reason, their
names have never yet been made known to the two
authors of the manuscript. Thus they now found
themselves in a no-man’s land of unidentifiable
cross-fire. Judges should be known to the ones
judged!

This letter from the president is an important

factor in the dialogue that covered ten years up to
that time. He declines to give the authors any
intimation as to who the reviewers are, or whether
they had previous knowledge of the manuscript. He
gives no clue as to whether all five are quoted, or
where within the quotes one reviewer stops and
another starts. The quotes as shown could be from
only two people, but there is no way to know for
sure.

The “short excerpts” demanded careful analysis

69
theologically and historically, as well as in
comparison with Ellen White’s comments
regarding 1888. From the president’s view this
anonymous report was intended to end the matter
for all time even if the authors “are not fully
satisfied.” The report as it stands is the evaluation
of six people, the church’s first officer being one of
them. Conclusion: the 1888 message and history
are not now worthy of serious consideration by the
church.

This Exhibit 48 holds a special place in our

church history from 1950 and onwards, and also
supplies much insight into the attitudes and
understanding of Seventh-day Adventist “brethren
of experience” over a period of extended decades.
Common to all the official replies has been an
almost total evasion of Ellen White’s identification
of that message as the beginning of the loud cry
and the latter rain. The president’s entire letter
could well be quoted but only a few excerpts from
the five reviewers can be given here:

• There is no question about the sincerity and

70
zeal evident in the appeal presented by these two
men [the authors]. I feel, however, their search for
the reason for the delay in Christ’s return is
misguided. It seems to me that the message of 1888
was accepted by some and rejected by others, but
for us to put forth such emphasis upon the rejection
of it as these two brethren do is not valid.”

• “What difference if the 1888 message was

rejected? … It seems unreasonable to call the
present-day church to repentance on the writings of
two men [Jones and Waggoner] who apostatized
from this message. Surely the Lord has another
way of arousing His people.”

• “To the best of my knowledge, no attempt

was made in 1888 to have the church, corporately,
go on record as accepting the message as presented
at that time. The appeal was made to people as
individuals, not to the church as a body. … There
was no ‘official’ acceptance of the doctrine, to be
sure, but neither was there an ‘official’ rejection.”

• “The fact that Brethren Waggoner and Jones

71
later apostatized implies an inherent instability of
character which was doubtless present years before
they stepped out of the church, and I would not for
a moment consider it wise to place what they wrote
during those years before our people generally.”

• “Is it true that the Holy Spirit was spurned

and insulted by our ministers at and after the
Minneapolis meeting? Is it true that Jesus was
spurned and insulted in the person of His
messengers? Is it true that in the dark decade
following 1888 there prevailed a serious disregard
of the Spirit of prophecy counsel on the part of the
responsible leadership of the church?”

At this point the authors’ hearts were saddened.

It was not they as unworthy missionaries from
Africa who declared that the Holy Spirit was
insulted, and Jesus Christ spurned. They were only
calling attention to what the inspired messenger of
the Lord had said.

• The president concluded with the hope that

this was now the end of the matter: “As I look over

72
what these five brethren have written, I am forced
to the conclusion, dear brethren, that our position
in regard to your manuscript must be about that
which our former evaluation committees reached.
… May we hope now, brethren, that this matter
may be considered settled?”

November 13, 1961. With a prayer for light

and understanding the authors requested to see the
full reports of all five of the anonymous brethren
(Exhibit 49). They could not stifle their deep
conviction that the “beginning” of the loud cry of
Revelation 18 and the initial outpouring of the
latter rain were indeed of tremendous importance.

December 21, 1961. As no reply was received

after more than one month, the authors wrote again
requesting the reports in full so that they might
have the benefit of the full counsel (Exhibit 50).

February 6, 1962. After nearly three months

the president replied: “I am not sure that much
would be gained by sending the entire report of
these men. One or two have said some confidential

73
things that perhaps just as well not be publicized”
(Exhibit 51). But another condemnation was in the
offing. The letter goes on to say that a new book
was in preparation, “By Faith Alone,” and “I feel it
is quite an answer to the question[s] that you raise
in regard to the 1888 meeting.”

This new book released by Pacific Press in

1962 was actually an almost verbatim copy of the
master’s thesis Norval F. Pease had written in 1945
entitled, “Justification and Righteousness By Faith
in the Seventh-day Adventist Church Before
1900.” The authors had read this thesis in 1949 in
the Seminary library. It supplied many references
to original sources that were used in the
manuscript, 1888 Re-examined. Checking these
references in context provided insight not
recognized in the master’s thesis. Consequently the
conclusion of his thesis was quite different from
the authors’ manuscript of 1950. When the book
was published, the General Conference president
wrote the “Foreword.” There was a finality in what
he said: ‘This book sets the record straight.

74
 ”Even to this day church libraries in North
America have many copies on their shelves,
testifying to an intense effort of the General
Conference administration to counteract the
manuscript in the 1960’s and put an end to further
“unauthorized” study and agitation of 1888.

February 11, 1962. The authors sent a letter to

the Southern African Division officers regarding
the use of their names in brochures being produced
by dissidents, with a copy to the General
Conference president (Exhibit 52). It reiterated
their convictions that Christ is the true Head of the
church and that eventually His gift of repentance
will be received by the earthly leadership of the
church: “One facet of these convictions is the firm
belief that the General Conference as such and the
loyal-hearted ministry of this movement in general
will come to understand the significance of our
history in the light of the Laodicean message, and
in appropriate humility and deep contrition will
clear the way for what the Lord desires to do for
His people and for the world itself. This experience
is what we have always referred to as

75
‘denominational repentance’.”

The fifth paragraph spoke plainly of how their

twenty specific questions submitted had received
not even one answer. Again they were forced to
declare that the breakdown in confidence which
leadership deplores is the direct responsibility of
the General Conference: “We believe that it is
precisely this attitude toward current issues which
is inflaming militant segments of the church.”

February 27, 1962. The General Conference

president took strong exception to this statement
(Exhibit 53). He reiterated that the “document and
conclusions have been given careful attention by
good, reliable and experienced brethren on at least
three separate occasions. … Now it is time for you
to follow the counsel given us by the servant of the
Lord,” that is, submit these unanswered,
unconsidered convictions to “brethren of
experience.” Such are confined exclusively to
General Conference personnel, and henceforth
these two authors must be silent.

76
 March 19, 1962. After extended, prayerful
thought, the authors wrote another letter to the
president, appealing once more for consideration of
the actual issues (Exhibit 54). This four-page plea
went back over the years and pointed out how the
original Defense Literature Committee report of
1951 did not deal with specifics but insisted that
the personal opinion of Elder A. W. Spalding be
accepted rather than Ellen White’s clear testimony.
No specific consideration was given to historical
subject matter other than to ignore it. The second
report, “Further Appraisal” in 1958, obviously did
not deal with manuscript content but rather
attempted to prove that the authors were dishonest
and used Ellen White material unethically. The
report of November 6, 1961, supposedly in
response to the “Summary” which listed numerous
specific questions, did not supply a straightforward
answer to even one of them. Nevertheless, we trust
that “the Lord will lead, and in submission to you
brethren under Him, we leave all in His hands”
(emphasis added).

April 2, 1962. This four-page plea was to be

77
the last—the next letter was a brief conclusion
from the secretary of the president (Exhibit 55). He
stated: “From my understanding of the attitude of
the General Conference Officers they feel that no
good purpose will be served in continuing
correspondence over your manuscript. … The Lord
in His own good time and way will indicate if any
further steps should be taken in this matter.” We
had reached the end. According to this, the
manuscript is now to lie forever buried.

June 29, 1962. The authors wrote again. They

were sorry that the General Conference wanted to
terminate correspondence (Exhibit 56). “We have
confidence in the ultimate vindication of right.”
With this letter correspondence became dormant to
a large degree for several years. Meanwhile, the
authors continued with their assigned duties as
missionaries in Africa. But the burden of these
unresolved issues weighed upon them.

The author who worked in Nairobi remembers

one day of fasting and prayer when he earnestly
surrendered his soul to the Lord. In the dingy

78
mission office in Simla House on Victoria Stree the
instructed the Africans to answer the phone that
day and take care of the work; he must lock
himself in his office to pray and study. Earnestly he
begged the Lord for a piece of “bread,” for the gift
of an objective understanding of the problem, the
insight to re-read the manuscript with a mind open
to the conviction of the Holy Spirit, for help to
“see” it as the General Conference brethren see it,
for the gift of their “mind” rather than his own, for
the ability to see what was wrong with it. With the
open Bible at hand and Spirit of Prophecy books as
well, he carefully re-read the manuscript word for
word. By the time the Kenya sun went down that
evening, his mind was at rest. His conscience
forced him to confess that the manuscript tells the
truth. The heavenly Father is not cruel; He does not
give a stone when we beg Him for bread.

About this time a General Conference officer

visited the mission fields in East Africa. The
authors requested him to take back a verbal
message to the president, paraphrasing Job’s appeal
(ch. 13:15), “Though the General Conference slay

79
us, yet will we trust in them.” The reference to Job
expressed their mingled confidence and perplexity,
confidence that at some time before the return of
Jesus there will be a denominational repentance,
but perplexity that successive church
administrations see no light in it.

Job could not understand why God was

apparently condemning him. He longed for some
ombudsman to mediate between him and the
Almighty, confident that if ever he could have a
valid court trial, God would vindicate the right. Job
appealed from the “God” who was apparently
condemning him to the God who he knew would at
last vindicate justice. We were appealing from the
General Conference of the present to some General
Conference of the future, confident that eventually
leadership would take a firm stand on the right
side.

When "By Faith Alone" was published (Pacific

Press, 1962), it did not address or settle the real
issues. It stated the conviction of General
Conference leadership that there is nothing unique

80
in the 1888 message: “Where was the doctrine of
righteousness by faith to be found in 1888 and the
preceding years? In the creeds of the Protestant
churches of the day …” (p. 138). In contrast, the
authors of “1888 Re-examined” insisted that the
1888 message went far beyond those “creeds,”
inasmuch as Ellen White declared it to be the
“beginning” of the loud cry of the third angel’s
message, a message certainly not proclaimed by
“the Protestant churches of the day.” It is a
message of righteousness by faith parallel to and
consistent with the unique Seventh-day Adventist
concept of the cleansing of the heavenly sanctuary.
This "By Faith Alone" fails to recognize. Thus the
essential issue is joined, and remains unresolved to
this day.

1966. However, for some strange reason,

general interest in 1888 did not die after the
publication of "By Faith Alone". As
correspondence between the manuscript authors
and church administration faded away to a large
extent, a General Conference vice-president and
member of the Ellen White Estate Board, Elder A.

81
V. Olson, was preparing another book to condemn
the manuscript. "Trough Crisis to Victory", 1888—
1901 was virtually completed when on April 5,
1963 a heart attack suddenly terminated his life.

The White Estate Board took steps to carry out

the intent of the author to publish the book in
March, 1966. The final editing was done by the
Secretary of the White Estate. He also wrote the
“Foreword,” making it clear that the book was
called forth by the fact that some Adventists had
reached “misleading conclusions” about the 1888
General Conference Session which needed to be
corrected.

The book maintains that the period from 1888

to 1901 “was a period over which Providence
could spell out the word victory.” There was initial
opposition to the 1888 message, but it was largely
reversed by the “confessions” that came in during
the few years following 1888. Since 1901 there has
been no serious leadership resistance to the Holy
Spirit’s leading, and therefore 1901 was “victory.”

82
 The book concludes with a ringing affirmation
of leadership faithfulness to Christ; it’s not the
hierarchy that is in need; the Laodicean message
applies to the laity; the delay in finishing the gospel
commission is specifically the fault of
uncooperative lay members (pp. 237-239; the basic
thesis of “victory” in 1901 has now in recent years
been thoroughly invalidated by General
Conference scholars. In fact, the opening sermon of
the 1990 General Conference Session in
Indianapolis declared that it didn’t happen in
“1901”).

May 8, 1969. Interest in the field about the

1888 history could not be contained. The General
Conference considered it well to run an article in
the "Review and Herald", May 8, 1969, to explain
certain historical points, and these in particular
with relation to the manuscript, “1888 Re-
examined” (Exhibit 57). This same article carried a
statement by the authors, R. J. Wieland and D. K.
Short, which proclaimed to the world church their
confidence in the eventual triumph of the
corporate, denominated Seventh-day Adventist

83
Church in the fulfillment if its divinely appointed,
worldwide task. Thus their loyalty to the doctrines
and the organization of the church was made clear.

This article by Elder W. P. Bradley also made

reference to a new forthcoming book by L. E.
Froom, which would deal with the historical
experience of leaders in the 1888 era. Now another
book was in the offing which would set the record
straight. The name of this book to be published in
1971 by the Review and Herald was not known at
the time.

June 11-20, 1970. The 51st General

Conference session in Atlantic City provided a
stage to promote Dr. Froom’s new book, named
"Movement of Destiny", a total of 700 pages
largely concentrated on the 1888 history. The
General Conference circulated a 32-page
promotion brochure at the Session. “The
Fascinating Story of Movement of Destiny”
announces a tremendous potential for the book:
‘This is the story of building a book. … There is
nothing like it in all our annals—or any other

84
annals for that matter. … There is no hiding of
facts, no build-up of fanciful fictions—just the
simple truth. … Faithfully factual. …The inside
story. … Forthrightly told. … Provides the inner
meaning behind the outward facts. … No apology,
then, is made for gathering these ‘gems’—these
priceless, luminous historical facts—and rehearsing
these truths in connected narrative form in
"Movement of Destiny" as we stand on the verge
of the great break through.”

Finally, the church is to be told the full story

about 1888. Meanwhile, the author of "Destiny"
had been corresponding with the authors of “1888
Re-examined” in a serious attempt to persuade
them to “cease, retreat, and retract” their
convictions. He assured them that the entire
leadership of the Seventh-day Adventist church
condemned their appeal for denominational
repentance, and that if Ellen White were alive she
would blast them with her most devastating
rebukes. For all their decades of prayer for the
heavenly Father to help them see the truth, they
remained incapable of seeing it. They must retract

85
immediately, or his forthcoming book would
expose them publicly to severe humiliation.

Never had they received such strictures. They

responded with reiterated appeals to be allowed to
see the Ellen White evidence that he said required
their retraction. He refused to grant the privilege,
insisting that they must take his word for it, and
that his demand was made with the full
endorsement of the General Conference brethren,
the theological seminary, and the Ellen G. White
Estate leadership. He had the material that required
their retraction, but they were not to see it until the
book is published. The authors replied that they
could not retract their deep convictions based on
Ellen White evidence that they had seen with their
own eyes for reports of supposedly contradictory
Ellen White evidence others said they had seen, but
which they themselves were not permitted to see.

All they could do was to wait with bated breath

for their imminent public pilloring (the relevant file
of L. E. Froom correspondence is included in
Appendix A).

86
 Chapter 4

“An Explicit Confession …

Due the Church”
Spring 1971. When "Movement of Destiny"
came from the press early in 1971, it professed
even more than the prepublication brochure had
predicted. Its author stated that “Few books have
ever had so many invaluable helping hands.” It was
“commissioned by former General Conference
President A. G. Daniells back in 1930, … [and]
approved by five General Conference presidents in
succession, and many consultants.” The book was
made possible by “the contribution of hundreds of
priceless source documents from individual and
institutional donors, archivists, librarians, and
collectors, as well as by the affidavits of the actual
participants in the 1888 Minneapolis Conference.”

And then in manuscript form “it was read

critically by some sixty of our ablest scholars—
specialists in denominational history and Adventist

87
theology. … By key Bible teachers, editors, mass
communication men, scientists, physicians. And by
veteran leaders with vivid memories and extensive
backgrounds. … Doubtless no volume in our
history has ever had such magnificent pre-
publication support.”

The thrust of the book is brought into view in

chapter twenty-two. Here the author states: “There
is one contention that, regrettably, has periodically
been brought forward that needs to be considered
frankly in our quest for historic truth. Ever since
the 1888 tensions there have been recurrent harpers
on the note that the Church, and primarily its
leaders, actually rejected the Message of 1888—at
and following that fateful hour of trial. … Echoers
still persist, maintaining that the leadership of the
Movement at that time, ‘rejected’ the message of
Righteousness by Faith.” “If the charge be not true,
an explicit confession is due the Church today by
promulgators of a misleading charge.” In view of
our extended correspondence, these authors knew
immediately who the writer had in mind.

88
 Notwithstanding their deep convictions, the
authors of the manuscript had by this time decided
they would never say another word to the General
Conference about 1888 or repentance. The
leadership had rejected their appeals as false and
unfounded, and publicly labeled the authors as
dishonest in their use of Ellen White quotations.
Their continued pleas for consideration of the
manuscript content and to publish the 1888
message itself had been refused. Correspondence
over the years had proved fruitless. Why say
another word?

But then comes "Movement of Destiny". Here

is a published demand that they now have a duty to
the world church: “An explicit confession is due
the Church” from them. Not one but two General
Conference presidents endorsed this demand
publicly.

Anyone who knew anything about our 1888

history knew who the accused “harpers” and
“echoers” were. Leaders who were on the original
reading committee remember that Dr. Froom’s

89
original manuscript mentioned these authors by
name. One reader pleaded successfully with the
Review and Herald book editors at least to delete
their actual names.

November 1972. When one of the authors read

the newly published book, he communicated to the
General Conference officers specific information
detailing reasons why the publication of this book
would entail embarrassment for the leadership of
this church. Thoughtful readers would find their
confidence in leadership integrity shaken. Why
precipitate a breakdown of confidence? Why
provide ammunition to critics?

No response came. The answer was obvious:

there was supreme confidence that "Movement of
Destiny" had at last put the 1888 issues to rest.
Nothing must be allowed to stand in the way of this
book.

The authors waited for a year before

responding to its public demand, certain that the
officers who had endorsed the book would come to

90
realize what a liability it was and withdraw it from
circulation. Finally they decided it was duty to
respond to such a public demand for a
“confession.”

The booklet of 65 pages was entitled "An

Explicit Confession … Due the Church". The
authors go back to 1950 and rehearse a series of
facts, detailing how abundant Spirit of prophecy
testimony declares that the opposition to the 1888
message was enmity against Christ of the same
nature as the enmity the Jewish leaders manifested
against Him at the crucifixion. The cleansing of the
heavenly sanctuary can never be complete until
both Calvary and the 1888 incident of our history
are fully understood by the responsible leadership
of the church today and the tragic mistake in our
own history is rectified by this generation.

They pointed out that although "Destiny" more

than forty times asserts that there was “no
rejection,” not one vital Ellen White documentation
is given in support of this claim, whereas scores of
her plainest statements contradict it. When in

91
sacred history had the leadership of God’s people
so contradicted the testimony of an inspired
prophet as in this book with its “unprecedented”
leadership support?

"Destiny" claimed to have “affidavits” from

“twenty-six living participants at the 1888
Minneapolis Conference,” all of which affirm:
“There was no denomination-wide, or leadership-
wide rejection, these witnesses insisted.” However,
not one of these “affidavits” is quoted in support of
this assertion; further, not one human being has
seen them, because not one has ever surfaced to be
seen. But how could even a thousand “affidavits”
from uninspired “witnesses” affirming
“acceptance” refute the inspired witness of a true
prophet affirming “rejection”? Is Laodicea the
“true witness,” or is it Christ Himself?

In direct response to the demand of "Destiny",

the authors of “1888 Re-examined” made their
“specific confession”:

November 1972:

92
 1. We confess the truth of our Lord’s words:
“Because thou sayest, I am rich, and increased with
goods, and have need of nothing [the authors
acknowledge that this appeal is specifically
directed to the ministry and the leadership of the
Laodicean church]; and knowest not that thou art
wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and
naked.”

2. We confess and believe that the full truth of

and the understanding of the tragic failures of our
past denominational history give the brightest hope
for a speedy finishing of the work in glorious
victory in our generation.

3. We confess that we understand our Lord’s

words in Revelation 3:19 to be a clear call to
denominational repentance: “Be zealous therefore,
and repent,” the “angel” representing the leadership
and the ministry of His people.

4. We confess that a repentance on the part of

this generation for the failures of a past generation

93
is highly in order because:

(a) it is biblical;
(b) Christ appealed to the Jewish nation for
denominational repentance;
(c) He appealed to the repentance of Nineveh
as a model for Jewish leaders to follow in
denominational repentance;
(d) He taught the principle of solidarity of His
Jewish generation with their ancestors in
their guilt;
(e) the writings of Ellen White recognize the
biblical principle of corporate and
denominational guilt, and the need for
corporate and denominational repentance;
(f) For example, the sin of Calvary is a sin for
which we are all alike guilty.

5. We confess our complete confidence in the

eventual denominational repentance for which we
plead, and the triumph of the Seventh-day
Adventist Church in the final crisis.

6. We confess our hearty appreciation of the

94
glorious truths of the 1888 message itself as found
in the original out-of-print sources.

7. We confess ourselves to be the least and

most unworthy of all the Lord’s servants. “All this
we confess!”

Five hundred copies of "Confession" were

printed by a generous concerned layman who had
himself extensively corresponded with the General
Conference, A. L. Hudson. The plan was to send a
copy to every administrator and leader in North
America. But when the booklet was shown to the
General Conference president, he urged that we do
not release it out of respect for the author of
"Movement of Destiny" who was then mortally ill.
The publication of its documentation would only
hasten his death. The president proposed a special
"ad hoc" committee to consider the issues raised.
The authors decided they could not reject an appeal
and plea by the highest officer of the church,
especially an appeal for compassion for Elder
Froom, to preserve his life.

95
 July 12, 1973. A committee was to be called
for discussion with both Wieland and Short
(Exhibit 58). Wieland had since returned from
Africa to the United States because of family
considerations. The author of "Destiny" had
assured him that he should be put out of the
ministry, but by General Conference kindness he
was allowed to serve on probation as pastor of a
tiny isolated church in the desert. Short happened
to be on furlough. The General Conference called
the meeting for September 5-9, 1973, in the White
Estate office. The notice invited the manuscript
authors “to read carefully all the sources which our
researchers have found to be relevant and have
pursued.” They did so, but saw nothing that was
not already known.

The meeting was to be a “Study Committee,”

with certain committee members having been
assigned to do research and present reports. It is a
disheartening experience after twenty years to re-
read those reports. They were contained in a “black
book” distributed in advance to General
Conference committee members, a three ring

96
binder of over 300 pages gathered from many
sources. They included: unpublished Ellen White
statements; pages from "General Conference
Bulletin", 1893; "Review and Herald;" "Signs of
the Times" G. I. Butler’s, "The Law in the Book of
Galatians;" the Bible texts which Jones and
Waggoner read at the session in answer to J. H.
Morrison’s concern that righteousness by faith
would overshadow the law; 18 pages from
"Movement of Destiny;" plus quotations from
standard books; and comments from some workers
of the era.

This main report contains 72 pages of

comments in a scholastic format as shown in
Exhibit 59. A wealth of extraneous material
sidesteps the thesis of the original manuscript. The
conclusion of this overview of the manuscript
merely reiterates all the previous reports, thus: ‘To
acknowledge our failure in 1888 is therefore quite
unnecessary” (p. 52).

The author gives evidence that he fails to

comprehend the content of the manuscript, even to

97
have read it accurately. This is shown by his
frequent use of the term “corporate confession,”
whereas the manuscript never uses that term. It
speaks of “corporate repentance.” This confusion
leads to erroneous postulations such as: “How
many of the present day leaders should be involved
in this corporate confession? All? But since it is
possible for just a ‘few’ to impede the outpouring
of the Holy Spirit, would it be possible that another
[A. R.] Henry and [Harmon] Lindsay could cause
the corporate confession to malfunction? If so, who
would decide who these Spiritless men were?” (p.
53). “Likewise, if corporate confessions are
essential, how many should there be? At what
points in the Christian dispensation should they
occur? Is 1888 the only time since Christ that this
corporate confession is needed?” (p. 56). These
awkward misunderstandings lead to false
conclusions and create tragic theological
distortions. The issue of corporate and
denominational repentance was not addressed.

Sadly, the authors were forced to conclude that

the past twenty years of on-going discussions had

98
only deepened the confusion and prejudice. The
official historians, Spalding, Christian, Pease,
Olson, and Froom, had not settled the matter, nor
had the author of the “black book.” The "ad hoc"
committee by and large gave evidence of a
growing impatient attitude toward the authors of
“1888 Re-examined,” and at the same time
revealed unaltered support for "Movement of
Destiny". Two members of the committee
however, Mervyn Maxwell and Herbert Douglass,
firmly supported these two authors.

Nevertheless, the committee met through the

week, and even into the Sabbath hours. There were
sober discussions. At this and subsequent meetings
of these various committees one conclusion always
emerged: the authors of "An Explicit Confession
… Due the Church" were advised and counseled
not to release it. "Movement of Destiny" was to
remain the officially endorsed version of our 1888
denominational history, and the authors must not
make a public response to it, even though the
officers had endorsed its demand that they do so.

99
 In due time the General Conference
republished "Movement of Destiny" with the
demand for “an explicit confession” deleted, but
with no change in its thesis. The committees that
met over a period of years had accomplished
nothing except to silence the authors.

However, the General Conference president

during this time was keenly interested in spiritual
revival and reformation. This accounts for the very
serious calls to the world church which came out of
the Annual Councils of 1973 and 1974. Those
appeals were unprecedented in their earnestness.

The chairman of the ad hoc committee assigned

papers to be prepared for further committee study.

April 1974, Cape Town. The General

Conference set up a study group called
“Righteousness by Faith Committee.” Although
neither Wieland nor Short were allowed to be
members of this committee, yet they were invited
to come and wait in the hall for their deliberations
(Exhibit 60). Another group, as a kind of sub-

100
committee, was to function as “Historical
Background of the 1888 Experience Committee.”
This committee of ten members included Short
who was to prepare a paper in Cape Town for the
coming meeting in February 1975. This paper of
104 pages came to be known as, “The Mystery of
1888” with a sub-title, “A Study of Seventh-day
Adventist History in the Light of the Minneapolis
General Conference of 1888.”

The “Introduction” sets out its purpose: “The

focal point of the entire study is the Minneapolis
Conference of 1888. This event in ‘our’ church
history demands a correct understanding. For too
long there has been uncertainty and lack of unity.
The great importance of this session is not based on
the acceptance or rejection of a ‘doctrine’ by few,
some, or many, but on the question whether the
Latter Rain and Loud Cry was recognized and
received or spurned and rejected. … Really what
did ‘we see’ in 1888 and what do ‘we see’ now?
There are two diametrically opposed views. Either
it was ‘a glorious victory and the beginning of
larger and better things for the advent church’ or it

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was [as Ellen White says] ‘one of the saddest
chapters in the history of the believers in present
truth’?” (Christian, "The Fruitage of Spiritual
Gifts", p. 219; E.G.W. letter 179, 1902.)

The nine chapters and three appendices in this

compilation present an alarming documented
account of how we have attempted to re-write and
distort our denominational history (Exhibit 61).
The extent of this endeavor is manifested
repeatedly in well-known denominational
publications. In this study of the seven books
published up to that time, "Movement of Destiny"
receives the closest scrutiny, for it is this book that
makes the greatest claims to “exalt truth.”

Example: of the claimed 26 “eyewitnesses”

only 13 were in attendance at Minneapolis in 1888;
the “affidavits” of these so-called “eyewitnesses”
were made 42 years after the session but not a
single complete sentence is quoted from these
“affidavits” in support of the claim that “there was
no rejection.” This kind of pseudo evidence would
not stand in any law court. (Two authentic

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“eyewitness” reports by R. T. Nash and C. C.
McReynolds have been in general circulation for
decades; both clearly affirm leadership rejection).

January 9, 19, 28, 1976. “The Mystery of

1888” was soon known in the field. Individuals
quoted it and in due course some wanted to publish
it (Exhibits 62, 63, 64). The General Conference
did not want it to be published. The author wished
to cooperate with them, and so did not grant
permission.

At the urging of an interested reader, in April

1984, ten years after it was compiled, it was printed
by the author and a few thousand copies went into
the field. It is now out of print.

Wieland was appointed a member of one of the

other "ad hoc" sub-committees. He wrote a paper
for the committee setting forth his convictions
entitled “The Knocking at the Door.” When the
General Conference called him in 1979 to return to
Africa for further mission service, interested
friends and lay members in America published it in

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book form.

Growing out of these special committees came

a heightened General Conference interest in
righteousness by faith. The Annual Council
Appeals of 1973 and 1974 gave eloquent voice to
it. In 1975 the president expressed to the authors
serious interest in making the actual 1888 message
available to the world church. At last the church
would be permitted to know what was that “most
precious message” that Ellen White said was the
“beginning” of the loud cry of Revelation 18.

The authors of “1888 Re-examined” had

believed for decades they were not “harping” on a
personal agenda nor “riding a hobby horse” in their
appeals to leadership. It was the True Witness of
Revelation 3:14-21, not they, who declared that we
need help in understanding and believing the true
message of Christ’s righteousness. In that "respect"
we were “wretched, miserable, poor, blind, and
naked.” The General Conference position had been
the opposite: in that "respect" we are “rich and
increased with goods, in need of nothing.” But now

104
at last the president himself expressed a need for
the world church to hear the message. All that the
authors had ever requested was that the actual
1888-96 message be published as an anthology.
We were nobody; we could drop out of sight. Now
there was a bright hope that the authentic “most
precious message” itself could be set free from its
prison in the archives.

Then came the Palmdale Conference of 1976

where Dr. Desmond Ford presented convincing
arguments to overthrow every unique 1888
concept. The president thereupon reversed his
former decision to promulgate the 1888 concepts.
Dr. Ford was invited to America where he was
given a tall pulpit for the widespread promotion of
his views in our denominational periodicals,
workers’ gatherings, and camp meetings.

Keen interest and enthusiasm for righteousness

by faith had been aroused by the official 1888
study committees by the “Explicit Confession”
episode. All that spiritual energy was now to be re-
channeled and diverted into promotion of

105
“Reformationist,” Evangelical, Calvinist theology.
The popular theology which the 1888 message had
opposed a century ago was now to be set forth
before the church as its true essence.

106
 Chapter 5

The 1988 Centennial

The file contains very little correspondence
during the next decade, in fact it virtually ceased.
The Ford views of righteousness by faith had
virtually won the day.

However, church members in various places

did not lose their interest in Adventist history. They
sent copies to the authors of letters they had written
to church leaders with the replies they received.
Church officials in high position continued to have
serious misunderstanding. Many church members
and pastors were delighted to receive the
“reformationist” theology which appeared to offer
a credible alternative to the legalism which they
thought had for so long confused and discouraged
them. But some began to discern in this
“reformationist” doctrine some inevitable
tendencies toward antinomianism, and questioned
if it was a true reformation and revival. However, it
was widely heralded as the authentic 1888
107
message.

A letter in 1987 from a prominent leader in

reply to a church member in the South states:
“Enough of the principal leaders did accept so that
Jones, Waggoner, and Ellen White were sent to
camp meetings to preach righteousness by faith.
Messengers opposed by leadership seldom get
invitations from those leaders to take camp-
meeting time. Also, Jones and Waggoner were
given very responsible positions within the church
for the next several years. Not only did Olsen
accept righteousness by faith, but so did Morrison,
Butler and, gradually, even Smith.” This comment
represents the typical syndrome— the message was
accepted, everything came out fine.

But the truth of our history was beginning to

emerge in new ways.

October, 1986. After nearly forty years since

church leadership was urged to re-examine our
1888 history, another significant event was
pending. The plan to hold a 1988 Centennial, voted

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by the Annual Council held in Rio de Janeiro, was
reported in the "Review", October 30, 1986. This
“celebration” of the Minneapolis event was to take
place in the same city, even from the same pulpit
that had been used 100 years before. Church
publications throughout the year were programmed
to make reference repeatedly to this historic
conference. Yet the message itself was destined
once more to be suppressed and kept from the
people.

Nevertheless, in the providence of the Lord, the

denomination was at last to get a chance to know
the full truth about the 1888 "history". The Ellen G.
White Estate chose to release and publish the four
volume set, "The Ellen G. White 1888 Materials".
These four volumes with 1,821 pages settled
forever what is “the testimony of Jesus” regarding
this episode in Seventh-day Adventist history. It
was not a great “victory,” as "From Crisis to
Victory 1888-1901" had said, neither was there
acceptance of the message as "Movement of
Destiny" had asserted. From now until the Second
Advent these four Spirit of Prophecy volumes will

109
speak clearly to the church, confirming that we
have in our history an unbelief comparable to the
Jews’ history of Calvary.

Yet another happening in 1987 culminated

nearly forty years of dialogue. With the pending
centennial, the authors of the original 1950
manuscript, in response to urgent appeals from
some pastors and lay members, decided to make it
available to anyone who wanted a copy. Could they
be faithful “under God” to the cause of truth and
not do so? "1888 Re-examined" was published as a
revised and updated version with added
appendices, and 9000 copies were printed. It was
not long before there was need for another 5000.
The sub-title of the book stated frankly:—”1888-
1988—The story of a century of confrontation
between God and His people.”

The February 1988 issue of "Ministry"

magazine carried a book review by C. Mervyn
Maxwell that was twenty-three column inches
long. But this was only a portion of the original
draft—which the editors deemed too favorable and

110
therefore cut. But even so the review was very
generous and insightful beyond anything officially
published during the past forty years. It closed with
history and prophecy combined: “At the 1893
General Conference session an Ellen White
statement promised that the 1888 experience will
‘sometime’ ‘be seen in its true bearing with all the
burden of woe that has resulted from it.’ Wieland
and Short hope that that ‘sometime’ is near at hand.
They hope that the revised "1888 Re-examined"
will prove to be a contribution in due season.”

That indeed expressed their hope, combined

with the conviction that when God’s people will
come to sense the truth of their history, they will
respond to the convictions of the Holy Spirit,
Laodicea is honest in heart, and will therefore
overcome.

1987, Continued. With the centennial but a few

months away, the Review and Herald published a
288-page book with a thesis obviously in sharp
contradiction to the White Estate’s four-volume
publication, "The Ellen G. White 1888 Materials".

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The title of this new book was geared to condition
the reader to believe there was apostasy inherent in
the message and messengers the Lord sent to His
people. The cover jacket title proclaimed: "From
1888 to Apostasy, The Case of A. T. Jones".
Added to this was a blurb: “A fatal flaw in his
character turned him against the church.”

This biography is strangely biased toward

painting Jones in as poor a light as possible. Like a
blast of Arctic tempest, chilling derogatory
comments abound: he was “egotistic,” “self-
confident,” “abrasive,” “harsh,” “cocksure,”
“sensational,” “extreme.” Subsequently the author
stated clearly in another periodical his avowed
purpose of destroying Jones’ credibility: “I was
doing my best to demonstrate that Jones was
aberrant from beginning to end” ("Adventist
Currents", April 1988, p. 43).

Such a cherished goal is unique for a

biographer, doubly so in a centennial year
appointed to honor his memory. Ellen White’s
appraisal of Jones was decidedly different. The

112
Adventist conscience cannot disregard it (Exhibit
65). Vigorously advertised and endorsed by the
General Conference, the "Adventist Review", and
"Ministry" Magazine, this book set the tone for the
centennial year and became the modern successor
to "Movement of Destiny".

The 1988 Centennial. The year was launched

with a special edition of the Review which
contained seven articles by contemporary authors
and one by Ellen White. But not a word was
printed from the “messengers” which “the Lord in
His great mercy sent” to this people in 1888.

The February "Ministry" centennial issue with

64 pages was double the normal size, containing
thirteen scholarly articles with scores of citations.
But again neither Jones nor Waggoner was allowed
to contribute an article.

An official editorial policy seemed firmly set to

destroy the credibility of the 1888 message and
messengers. Readers of the "Review" were warned
to beware of Jones and Waggoner as “fires of

113
fanaticism and extremism … have flourished” with
their roots in the 1888 message which they brought
to this church (September 8, 1988, p. 8). Almost
beyond belief, the church was called to celebrate a
centennial by denigrating the principals and their
message that gave cause for a centennial! As
church membership noticed this and wrote to the
"Review" “Letters” column, there came a slight
respite. Finally in the last hours of the centennial
year the editors relented in their policy enough to
permit one brief page each from the 1888
messengers. Incredibly, in the year set aside for
“commemoration” of the 1888 message, only two
pages of the actual message were allowed to get
into print out of 1,400 pages published during the
year.

November 2-5, 1988, the Celebration. After

two years of planning, the celebration of the 100
year old 1888 General Conference took place in
Minneapolis itself. Those who came in order to
learn of Adventist history and the “most precious
message” the Lord sent to His people were keenly
disappointed. Out of fourteen sessions listed in the

114
program two were cancelled, four for the general
public in the evening had no connection with
Adventist history or the actual message; three were
panel discussions; two were morning devotionals;
leaving three study hours for the 1888 message.
But again, the 1888 messengers themselves were
silenced. A first-ever in world history had
occurred: never before had a nation or a
denomination professed to celebrate positively a
“centennial,” yet silence and derogate the
principals they ostensibly celebrated. (However,
their photographs were displayed).

As the audio tapes of the meetings are

reviewed, confusion and contradiction become
evident. One speaker, had he known the message
of 1888, could never have inferred that the “most
precious message” of 1888 was a laughing-stock-
theology in relation to the nature of Christ.

Another speaker, a highly placed official,

courageously presented the opposite “laughing-
stock” view that Christ did assume the liabilities of
the human family (he even quoted Romans 8:3 to

115
support this).

After 100 years, Minneapolis II has also now

joined history. As the centennial year drew to a
close it became evident that it was intended to be a
grand funeral for the actual 1888 message. Must
we now look forward to a bicentennial in the year
2088? Is the nature of the true Christ so elusive that
the “seed of Abraham” cannot know Him? Can the
remnant church go through to the end perpetuating
confusion about the Lord Jesus Christ Himself?
When the Word says He was “made like unto His
brethren,” must we continue to construe it to mean
"unlike" His brethren? Back in the theological
shadows looms the specter of Augustinian-
Calvinist concepts which contradict the “third
angel’s message in verity.”

As time goes on into our second century since

the “beginning” of the latter rain and the loud cry,
this issue will become increasingly important. The
enemy of Christ is determined that His people shall
not know the true Christ, for to know Him is to
know God, and that is life eternal. Increasingly, the

116
published uncertainty and even antagonism against
the 1888 message of Christ’s righteousness make
clear that it has either not been comprehended, or it
is in process of a second major rejection more
emphatic and determined than was that of a century
ago.

1988, History Verified. In the centennial year

a new book came to the church—unique in 100
years and defiantly contradictory of over a
thousand previously published official pages
intended to contradict “1888 Re-examined.” This
new book, "What Every Adventist Should Know
About 1888", reversed what the church had been
told for decades, and largely supported these
authors’ positions. Written by a former member of
the authoritative Biblical Research Institute of the
General Conference, this book denied that 1888
was a “victory.” It courageously presented an
understanding of Adventist history parallel to the
thesis of the manuscript. It clearly conforms to
"The Ellen G. White 1888 Materials" and sets
before the church a dramatic turn-around that
verifies the truth of the 1888 "history". This was

117
the contribution of the Review and Herald to the
centennial.

Meanwhile, the Pacific Press tried to publish a

book for the centennial year setting forth the actual
content of the 1888 "message" itself, "Grace on
Trial". Commissioned by the editors, this book
(title chosen by the press editors) highlighted the
reality that even though a message of much more
abounding grace had been held on trial by church
leadership for a century, it was in fact the heart-
warming truth of the biblical gospel itself. Under
pressure from the Union presidents of the North
American Division, the General Conference
officers forced the Pacific Press to abandon its
publication. The General Conference told the book
editor to inform the author that the real reason why
they killed the book was that it would not sell.
Urged to do so by the principal Pacific Press book
editor, the author decided to publish it privately.

Lip service to overwhelming historical

evidence shows prudence, but it does not confirm
acceptance. The church is now being told we don’t

118
need the 1888 message because our modern
theologians can do better. ‘Jones and Waggoner
posed a formidable threat to Adventist doctrine and
leadership,” so that their message must again be
rejected ("Adventist Review", September 8, 1988).
The church’s highest priority is strangely declared
to be a negative one— that of being ignorant of
their “most precious message” which the Lord sent
us, while somehow we must know Him: “Our
greatest need today is not to know exactly what
Jones and Waggoner said at the 1888 Minneapolis
session” ("ibid"., January 18, 1990). There remains
in many places an embargo on the message, and
workers who promote it are frowned upon and
even threatened. It is this anti-1888-message
syndrome which has prepared the way for our
present state of pluralism, schism, and loss of
confidence.

But the concern of loyal church members is

slowly on the rise, as expressed in occasional
letters that get into the church press.

1989, History Magnified. Following the

119
centennial these authors prepared a 63-page
companion booklet to "1888 Re-examined",
entitled "1988 Re-examined", which reviews our
current history 100 years after Minneapolis I. This
detailed the circumstances leading up to the plans
for the 1988 Centennial; the publicity given to the
celebration; the denial in the church press of the
need to know the 1888 message, and the impact of
the Minneapolis II centennial.

Minneapolis II could have brought into focus a

message of abounding grace consistent with the
unique Adventist truth of the cleansing of the
heavenly sanctuary, a work contingent on the full
cleansing of the hearts of God’s people on earth.
The 1888 truths will impart discernment to our
publishing houses, and our schools; and the pure
message printed and taught will produce the revival
and reformation that we have needed for so long.
Children and youth will love it.

The great “final atonement” will become a

reality when the everlasting gospel in its end-time
setting is understood and accepted in truth.

120
Millenniums of defeat will be reversed. The
prophecy of Daniel is certain, the sanctuary “shall”
be cleansed. The blind lukewarmness of Laodicea
will be cured by repentance, both individual and
corporate.

The ultimate experience awaiting the church is

a taste of that which Jesus went through in
Gethsemane. Only His very own will be willing to
accept it, but His faith and confidence are staked
on a people who will take up His cross and follow
after Him. As Christ forsook heaven with no
assurance that He would return so that sin and
death could be eradicated from the universe, so His
Bride, out of faith and true love, will stand at His
side without concern for receiving reward.

1989, History Continues. As the second

century began following the centennial, yet another
book appeared about the 1888 General Conference,
declaring it to be a milestone in our history and a
turning point in our theological development.
History and theology are both the subject matter of
"Angry Saints", by George Knight.

121
 After nearly 40 years this is the first book from
a denominational press that deals specifically with
"1888 Re-examined" and in particular seeks to
refute it. Repeatedly "Angry Saints" denies that the
objective 1888 message as brought by Jones and
Waggoner is what the church needs. What we need
instead is a return to a concept labeled “basic
Christianity,” meaning the general “pentecostal”
“gospel” message of the evangelical, Sunday-
keeping churches. This is repeated some sixteen
times and comes to be defined as “evangelical
Christianity.

”Now a new issue is posed for the world

church. Did Ellen White advocate that our
ministers borrow theology from Sunday-keeping
churches? If “evangelical Christianity” is what
Seventh-day Adventists need, how can the call of
Revelation 14 and 18 become meaningful? Thus as
we continue in our second century, an effort is
being made to defect attention away from the
specific, unique message of justification by faith
which in 1888 Ellen White so clearly endorsed.

122
 If we are merely a church among churches that
has added some distinctive “doctrines” onto
“evangelical Christianity,” we will never be able to
cry “mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon
the great is fallen, and is become the habitation of
devils, and the hold of every foul spirit.” If we are
but a segment of “evangelical Christianity” we will
never with conviction be able to sound the call,
“Come out of her, My people.”

Because “evangelical Christianity” rejects the

unique post-1844 ministry of our great High Priest,
it considers that “substitution” to cover continued
sinning must function until the second coming of
Christ. This makes the cleansing of the sanctuary
meaningless. It accommodates continual moral
lapses, whereas sin was “condemned” by Christ in
the flesh. It does not recognize how the High
Priest’s ministry must enter a new phase on the
antitypical Day of Atonement. He cannot forever
minister His blood to cover the perpetual sinning of
His people. He must accomplish something on the
Day of Atonement that has never been

123
accomplished previously. He must have a people
who through His faith overcome “even as” He
overcame. “Evangelical Christianity” has no use
for these basics of Seventh-day Adventist
justification by faith.

Furthermore, “evangelical Christianity”

generally views the human nature of Christ in
opposition to the “post-Adamic human nature” as
Jones and Waggoner understood and proclaimed it.
"Angry Saints" suggests (p. 129), that because the
historical record of the 1888 session does not
include a sermon on Christ’s human nature,
therefore the subject was not a part of the actual
1888 message and is thus irrelevant. Such a stance
ignores the fact that this subject was a vital part of
their published message in this era. The increasing
controversy over this gospel hallmark grows to a
large degree out of the continuing resistance,
conscious or unconscious, of the message and the
messengers of 1888.

"Angry Saints" is unique in its purpose to

contradict the documented history in 1888 Re-

124
examined. Over 20 times the authors are referred to
by name or in footnotes, plus inferences which
cannot be mistaken. This published opposition may
be good if it stimulates church members to study
out the facts. One thing is certain, truth will
eventually prevail.

The centennial is now past and "Angry Saints"

is glad that it is gone and hopes that 1888 can be
laid aside. But the truth of our history will not go
away. It must be faced for what it is—a
confrontation with Christ that cannot forever be
evaded.

1989, Vortex Developing. "Angry Saints" is

but one wayside marker along a road the church
has traveled to reach its present state of disunity,
but it helps to explain “how we got where we are.”
More recently articles in denominational journals
have promoted the pre-fall nature of Christ as now
the accepted theology of the church.

In the same year that "Angry Saints" was

published (1989), there was issued in the month of

125
August an authoritative document from the General
Conference Biblical Research Institute, entitled:
“An Appeal for Church Unity.” This 10-page
proposal offers solid guidance for the church. It
also draws a sharp line between those who hold
certain doctrinal positions in contrast to others with
differing views. It affirms that church members
who “hold certain positions on the human nature of
Christ, the nature of sin, and the doctrine of
righteousness by faith in an end-time setting” are
divisive, dangerous, and thereby approaching
apostasy.

“Appeal” makes this charge because:

“Adventist people as a whole do not share these
views. … The world church of Seventh-day
Adventists has agreed on 27 fundamental beliefs,
summarization of basic biblical teachings, and
seeks to rally the church membership to the
Saviour and this core of Bible truths. The specific
topics alluded to above are not a part of these
summarizations. The world church has never
viewed these subjects as essential to salvation nor
to the mission of the remnant church. The

126
Scriptures do not make these subjects central; the
data is sparse. … There can be no strong unity
within the world church of God’s remnant people
so long as segments who hold these views vocalize
and agitate them both in North America and in
overseas divisions. These topics need to be laid
aside and not urged upon our people as necessary
issues. We should not let Satan take advantage of
God’s people at this point and allow such matters
to divide us.”

This very serious official document clearly

states its intent by repeating the same points in a
later paragraph: “The world church of the remnant
people have selected and summarized ‘the great
truths of the word of God’ in the 27 Fundamental
Beliefs. But although thousands of hours have been
spent by our people on the subjects of the human
nature of Christ, the nature of sin, certain aspects of
character development in the end-time situation, …
there is no general agreement.”

This Appealport ends a sinister end to the saga

of the 1888 message, going far beyond the

127
opposition of Smith and Butler of a century ago. It
draws the comparison between the early church
and their problems with persons causing “divisions
and confusion” today, in that in past ages “the
leadership was forced to separate them from the
body.” Likewise today: “In a true communion of
the church, motivated by love, such action would
be taken reluctantly, and only as a last resort—for
the sake of the unity and success of the mission of
the church.”

Thus the opposition to the 1888 message now

takes a turn unknown a century ago. Any situation
that calls for disfellowshipping Seventh-day
Adventists from the church must be considered
serious in the extreme. As this proclamation is
studied carefully, what does it say?

This “Appeal for Church Unity” tells the world

church:

1. “The doctrine of righteousness by faith in an

end-time setting” is not part of the Adventist “27
fundamental beliefs,” and suggests even that its

128
proclamation is satanic. Not only would this
horrify Ellen White and our brethren of a century
ago; this would astonish the General Conference
leadership of 1950.

2. The “nature of sin” is not a part of our

fundamental beliefs.

3. Nor is the incarnation, “the human nature of

Christ,” a part of the 27 fundamental beliefs which
make this people distinct in sacred history, unique
in all Christianity.

4. God’s people should lay aside these topics

which will invite Satan to take advantage.
Furthermore, such beliefs “the world church does
not recognize as essential to salvation.”

These proclamations raise questions when

compared with the 1988 publication of "Seventh-
day Adventists Believe … A Biblical Exposition of
27 Fundamental Doctrines", a book that explains
our beliefs, a comprehensive, expanded and
readable form of the doctrinal convictions as stated

129
in the 27 Fundamental Beliefs of Seventh-day
Adventists published in the "Church Manual".

The “Appeal for Unity” is perplexing. To

suggest that the church should “lay aside” the
topics of “righteousness by faith in an end-time
setting,” and the incarnation of Christ, is to cancel
the agenda of the great controversy. Unless God’s
people understand the “present truth” of
“righteousness by faith” without compromise, what
hope is there for the church to deal with the “nature
of sin,” which is the very essence of the battle
waged by God’s enemy who is dedicated to war
against righteousness? And how can there be
victory in this end-time battle unless sinners know
how close Christ has come to us? He “was made a
little lower than the angels for the suffering of
death” that He “should taste death for every man.”
And “as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, he also himself likewise took part of the
same” because “he took not on him the nature of
angels; but he took on him the seed [spermatos] of
Abraham. Wherefore in all things it behoved him
to be made like unto his brethren” (Hebrews 2:9-

130
18).

But more than this—God’s regard for His

people has caused Him to send specific counsel on
this very point. It is instruction that cannot be
misunderstood:

“The humanity of the Son of God is every thing

to us. It is the golden linked chain which binds our
souls to Christ and through Christ to God. This is
to be our study. Christ was a real man, and He gave
proof of His humility in becoming a man. And He
was God in the flesh. … We must come to the
study of this subject with the humility of a learner,
with a contrite heart. And the study of the
incarnation of Christ is a fruitful field, and will
repay the searcher who digs deep for hidden truth”
(MS 67, 1898 [7BC 904, 905]).

His humanity “is everything to us … This is to

be our study … This study will repay the
searcher”—and yet we are told to lay aside this
topic as it is not “essential” for our people.

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 How did we get ourselves into such confusion?
Does this grow out of our frantic attempt to support
"Questions on Doctrine" and "Movement of
Destiny" as these books tried to bring us into the
fold of the evangelical world?

The Evangelicals know that we are confused

and have told the world so in their publications (see
"Christian Research Journal", summer 1988;
"Christianity Today", Feb. 5, 1990). They know
and they state plainly that it was "Questions on
Doctrine" that “repudiated” the “traditional
Adventist doctrines … that Christ had inherited a
human nature affected by the Fall, and that the last-
day believers would achieve sinless perfection.

”How can they see what we can’t see?

Winter 1990, “Model or Substitute? Does It

Matter How We See Jesus?” The “Appeal” from
the Biblical Research Institute has either been
misunderstood or ignored, judging from articles in
our denominational press. The “topics” expressly
forbidden as “not essential” for our people have

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nevertheless been emphasized there. These articles
support "Questions on Doctrine" which has created
confusion in our ranks from the day it came of the
press. Is this the road to “unity”?

Beginning in January 1990, the "Review" ran a

six-part series on the nature of Christ—over 15
pages, in direct violation of the “Appeal for Unity.”
The thrust of the articles was discerned by some
church members as they wrote to the editor. The
“Letters” column expressed great concern. At least
some of our members sense a constraint to speak
about these topics. The letters indicate that the six-
part series was “confusion.” Some comments:
“Shades of the new theology! If Jesus’ ‘nature was
unlike ours,’ may heaven have mercy on us, for we
are all lost.” The author “made an excellent attempt
to harmonize the errors of Roman Catholicism and
Calvinism with Biblical truth, but it was just not
good enough. … The ‘original sin’ dogma and the
denial of the real humanity of Christ paraded as the
gospel.”

“I breathe a sigh of relief that the juries of the

133
land do not share [the author’s] theory of inherited
guilt!” “No one would use this text [Philippians
2:7] to prove that Christ was unlike men, yet such
poor logic has been applied in these articles. …
The author creates confusion.” The author “paints a
totally unscriptural picture of the nature of man
that, in turn, forces him to come up with a Jesus
who was not truly human, one who did not truly
‘come in the flesh’ as the Bible so clearly teaches.
According to 1 John 4:1-3, this is a serious matter
indeed.” ‘Try as he might do otherwise, [the
author] painted himself into the same corner as
Saint Augustine. … [This] position does violence
to Scripture and, more important, to the character
of God. … Away with the error of Calvinism,
Arminianism, as well as universalism.”

But the "Review" must still promote this non-

Adventist view. Because of the strong opposition
to the series, the author was given a full column of
rebuttal in the April 26 issue. The roots of his ideas
go back nearly seven years when the same author
had a four-page presentation in the Review of June
30, 1983, “Behold the Man.” The reaction from our

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church members then as expressed in their letters
to the editor indicate that many rejected the
theology of this article by a ratio of four to one.
Yet the "Review" editors evidence a determination
to steam-roll the new theology on its way. Who can
measure the confusion that "Questions on
Doctrine" has sown in the remnant church?

135
 Chapter 6

The Issue of Issues

Spring 1990, “Like Adam or Like Us?”
While letters of concern and total disagreement
were coming to the "Review" regarding the six-part
series which ended on February 22, another series
of similar articles was already in the pipe line and
announced in the April 5 issue.

This three-part series from March 29 to April

26 was authored by one of the "Review" editors. It
presented the same theology that church members
had complained about. These articles were a reprint
of a series that had gone to the Canadian church
membership as printed in the "Canadian Adventist
Messenger" in April and May 1988, and with the
same title, “Like Adam or Like Us?” Thus the
church is again urged to accept a view opposing the
1888 view while the “Appeal for Unity” urges the
church to lay aside this subject of Christ’s human
nature.

136
 Fall 1990, ‘Time to Press Together.” This
editorial in the November 1 "Review" focuses on a
serious need of the church: “It’s time to press
together in the North American Division. It’s time
for us to put aside our carping and criticism, our
pettiness and crankiness, and join hands in a
common message and a common mission.” Amen!

The problem according to the editorial is

theology. The church is being fractured because
“some Adventists seem to want to change the rules.
Some want to ignore or delete part of the 27
fundamentals; some want to add to them. … As an
example, take the human nature of Jesus. Our
fundamental beliefs make clear that Jesus, God’s
eternal Son, became fully human, was tempted in
all points but remained sinless. But they do not
attempt to spell out His nature beyond this.”

For some reason the Evangelical view of the

nature of Christ continually gets “spelled out in
print, while the “most precious” view that “the
Lord in His great mercy sent” to us in 1888 is
labeled as an offending doctrine which inhibits

137
unity, is not “essential,” and even attracts the
adjective “satanic.”

Fall 1991, “Tithe” and the Nature of Christ.

The November 7 issue of the "Review" included an
unusual supplement as a tract in the center spread.
This 16 page document is perhaps unique in
Adventist history; it brings into focus a growing
problem in the church. Only about fifty percent of
the church membership return to the Lord that
which is called tithe, but in many cases is not a
faithful tenth. Therefore this is a subject of great
importance. It is the sacred duty of every Christian
to return the tithes and offerings to the Lord.

But this tract on tithe becomes a promotion

piece on the subject which the “Appeal for Unity”
has urged us to lay aside—the human nature of
Christ. How could this be?

The question arises as to whether a church

member should return tithe to the church if such a
one believes the church “is in apostasy.” This leads
to the question, “What is apostasy?”

138
 The dictionary defines apostasy as the
“renunciation of a religious faith,” or the
“abandonment of a previous loyalty.” No Seventh-
day Adventist can renounce and forsake the
teachings of this church and remain a member in
good standing. It would seem the question is
wrong.

The question should be, “What is heresy?” The

dictionary defines heresy as “an opinion, doctrine,
or practice contrary to truth or to generally
accepted beliefs and standards.

”By this definition we have “heresy” in our

ranks, for we are not willing to acknowledge the
“generally accepted beliefs” regarding
righteousness by faith as the Lord “sent” them to
us. Increasingly the message is under dispute and
rejected. Why? Because, it is said, the 1980 set of
27 beliefs did not articulate this in a clear
statement.

The tithe tract diverges from its announced

139
topic to strike a blow in this forbidden area of the
nature of Christ. It tells the world church that we
have three views:

(1) “at the incarnation Christ took the nature of

Adam "before" Adam’s fall”;

(2) “He took the nature of Adam "after" the

fall”;

(3) He took a nature that was a combination of

these two understandings.

The tract states that “a large number of

Adventist ministers, Bible teachers and church
members, of equal learning and commitment, today
take the third rather than the second of these
positions. Why? Because of:

(1) certain acknowledged ambiguities in both

Scripture and Mrs. White’s writings on the human
nature of Jesus, and

(2) some very clear warnings in the Spirit of

140
Prophecy against any attempt at totally humanizing
Christ.”

Never before has the denominational press

stated that we Adventists have “three views of the
nature of Christ.” Truth demands that the alleged
“ambiguities” in Ellen White’s writings be
recognized if they are there. This involves not
charges of “apostasy” or “heresy” but knowing the
Son of God who became the Son of man to
accomplish the plan of salvation. There is no
“eternal life” nor is there a second advent until a
people “know” Jesus Christ. Confusion about
Christ Himself prepares us to receive a false christ,
Baal—to be deceived by Satan himself who
appears as an angel of light.

1992 and Onward. The theological issues

facing the church will not go away. Meanwhile, the
latter rain blessing is a vain hope until there is a
true heart unity. Error is never harmless. It never
sanctifies but always brings confusion and
dissension. This peril is vividly portrayed in a
"Review" article of January 7, 1993.

141
 It is observed that “history has shown that the
church’s fragmentation has always resulted from
some important or exaggerated theological dispute.
The question for us now, therefore, is whether
there exists among us any theological controversy
of sufficient magnitude to generate a schism in the
church.”

That the remnant church in the end-time should

face such a quandary is foreign to its mandate.
However, the page 21, senses there is grave danger.
Again this serves as a pretext to agitate the
forbidden topic: “One theological issue, however,
has that potential. It centers on the nature of Christ,
righteousness, and the absolute sinless perfection
of the final remnant.” The author goes on to say, “I
seriously doubt the likelihood of an outright schism
in the church on their account.” May the powers of
heaven prove him right that no schism engulf this
church. But the potential remains.

142
 Issues

The Seventh-day Adventist Church and

Private Ministries

Fall 1992. This book of 467 pages is the first of

its kind in Seventh-day Adventist history. Not
many will read the entire book for its thesis is
contained in the first 84 pages of text. The balance
of 383 pages is made up of an array of letters, legal
briefs, committee actions, board minutes, article
reprints, all contained in 46 appendices. A
companion tract of 16 pages with almost the same
title, a summary of the book, went to the world
church as an insert in the "Adventist Review" of
November 7, 1992.

Copyrighted with no date listed, "Issues" is

produced by the North American Division Officers
and Union Presidents. This is one Division of the
world field; it is not the General Conference in
world business session. "Issues" therefore cannot
be accepted as authorized by the world church,
even though it is certain to create repercussions

143
throughout the denomination as it implies the full
approval of the General Conference.

But why such a book? Will it bring unity to the

church? Will it help prepare a people for the final
issues and the coming of the Lord? Its promoters
hope so.

The stated purpose of "Issues" is to

demonstrate how certain church members “are out
of harmony with God’s plan for His established
church” and “to determine if they are loyal to the
church… or if they are divisive.” And what will
determine this? Both "Issues" and the tract which
went to the world field agree specifically: ‘These
differences are grounded in theology.”

This is the crucial issue. Theology is “the study

of religious faith, practice, and experience; the
study of God and his relation to the world.” That a
problem of this nature and magnitude should
engulf the remnant church portends beyond
question that we have already entered into the
“shaking.”

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 "Issues" says it does not propose “to provide a
theological rebuttal to the views held by members”
of these certain “dissident” groups. It claims that
the “issues of the conflict over the nature of Christ
and righteousness by faith are not nearly as
straightforward as [some] would have them
appear.” It goes on to say: “Both Scripture and
Ellen White contain statements that seem to
support varying viewpoints, and these must be held
in tension with each other.” This repeats what the
“Tithe” tract of November 7, 1991, described as
“certain acknowledged ambiguities.” If these
“tensions” and “acknowledged ambiguities” do
exist, it should be a simple matter to list even a few
of them. This would enable every conscientious
Seventh-day Adventist to compare and see wherein
the Bible is not clear and wherein Ellen White
speaks in uncertain terms.

Instead, "Issues" tells the church to study the

series of six articles that ran in the "Review",
January and February 1990. This is the series
entitled, “Model or Substitute? Does It Matter How

145
We See Jesus?” which is based on the theology of
"Questions on Doctrine", the root of our present
confusion. This is the series that caused
consternation in the hearts of many Adventists at
the time it was published. Yet now it is set forth as
the touchstone of orthodoxy.

If as "Issues" claims, there is no official church

action regarding the nature of Christ, it is equally
true there is no church action to alter one word of
the truth we have held from our beginnings.

The integrity of the church cannot be

established nor maintained by force of hierarchical
authority contrary to the faith of the world church.
Confidence in the ministry and leadership of the
church can and will be sustained by strict
adherence to truth. In this environment only
flawless theology will stand. Unity at the cost of
compromise sustained by false theology is
delusive. The peril surrounding the church now in
this final hour is that the mystery of godliness and
the mystery of iniquity mature simultaneously.

146
 The process is hastening on apace

History at Issue Must Become History

Understood, Which Will Become History
Climaxed

In the decades since 1950 the church has

drifted deeper into Baal worship. We have required
about the same time that ancient Israel needed to
reach their depths in the days of Elijah, yet they did
not know their true condition. The seventh church
is now in the same situation.

Each refusal to repent has only deepened our

guilt and prevented the Holy Spirit from working.
No perversion of the gospel could be more perilous
than the false elation of supposed progress while
we actually know not the Word that “became flesh
and dwelt among us.” The explosion of baptisms in
Russia and the ever increasing numbers in the
Third World constitute a membership that must
soon wrestle with the same theological issues now
fracturing the leadership church in the home base.
Truth must be settled in the home base before

147
schism affects the world church.

Statistics will do nothing to bring the latter rain

and loud cry to the corporate body of the church.
Glowing reports may feed our ego, but such will
never prepare a people for the final crisis. What the
Lord wanted to do for His people 100 years ago,
He still wants to do, but even omnipotence cannot
prevail over individual or corporate rejection of the
“gold,” the “white raiment,” and the “eyesalve”
which the True Witness has waited to give us.

For years we have talked much about the latter

rain but we have failed to understand that the Lord
sent it 100 years ago when we “insulted” the Holy
Spirit. Our Lord has feelings too, like the children
He created, and He is waiting for us to see and
know what we did to Him and how our opposition
allowed Satan to succeed in shutting away from us
the “special power of the Holy Spirit.
”Notwithstanding the millions we may spend to
fulfill our plans for a global strategy, “the light that
is to lighten the whole earth with its glory was
resisted, and by the action of our own brethren has

148
been in a large degree kept away from the world.”

When did this happen? It happened when the

Lord sent to His people a “most precious message.”
As we enter our second century since heaven tried
to finish the work, how much longer will it take for
us to “know” what needs to be known, and then
repent? After 6000 years of waiting, the Saviour
makes His earnest plea to the seventh church.

But we are not the first people to have

misunderstood a message that God sent. The
ancient Jews brought grief to the Messiah because
they were certain they understood. The heartbreak
the Saviour suffered then cannot compare to the
grief pressed upon Him by the lukewarm,
unknowing response He has received from the last
of the “seven churches.” The High Priest is waiting
to rise up and proclaim, “it is done.”

How much longer will He have to wait?

Some readers of this documentary may feel

depressed at the almost constant evidence of

149
conflict in this extended correspondence, decade
after decade, now even beginning to approximate
century after century. “How long, O Lord?” is the
cry for ages, of anxious hearts. The authors have
experienced in their lifetime (so far) 43 years of
constant misunderstanding, resistance, opposition,
and often condemnation. There may be some
readers of this documentary who have also had to
endure similar trials within the church and who are
tempted to abandon the church and seek fellowship
in an offshoot. To such the counsel must be: re-
read the Book of Jeremiah. He too endured more
than 40 years of constant rejection, yet remained
loyal to the “church” of his day. And these authors
have not given up hope that the Lord still has
resources by which He can bring all of us in the
Seventh-day Adventist Church to a knowledgeable
repentance and reconciliation with Christ.

Again, the message of Job brings

encouragement. Job thought it was the Lord who
was opposing him when in reality it was Satan. The
essential question to be settled is whether it is the
Lord who opposes the 1888 message of Christ’s

150
righteousness, or is it someone else. We join Job on
his dung-heap. Although we ask “Why?” yet still
we trust.

For the first time in Seventh-day Adventist

history, in the 1888 episode almost the entire
leadership of the church ranged themselves solidly
against the Holy Spirit. Ellen White has truthfully
said that since then the Lord has a controversy with
His people. The terrible fires that consumed our
greatest institutions at the old Battle Creek
headquarters were the outcome of more than a
decade of constant resistance of the 1888 message.
Mercifully, there was no loss of life. The Lord’s
servant has left on record an awe some warning for
the future:

Brethren, God is in earnest with us. I want to

tell you that if after the warnings given in these
burnings the leaders of our people go right on, just
as they have done in the past, exalting themselves,
God will take the bodies next. Just as surely as He
lives, He will speak to them in language that they
cannot fail to understand ("The Publishing

151
Ministry", p. 171; 1903).

The honor and vindication of Christ require the

repentance of the Seventh-day Adventist Church
leadership and membership. If it seems an
impossible achievement, please remember that the
sacrifice of the Son of God on His cross requires it.
The Scriptures project a prophecy yet future in
support of this, for the Lord declares:

“I will pour on the house of David [church

administration] and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem
[church membership] the Spirit of grace and
supplication: then they will look on Me whom they
have pierced; they will mourn for Him as one
mourns for his only son, and grieve for Him as one
grieves for a firstborn. In that day there shall be a
great mourning in Jerusalem. … In that day a
fountain shall be opened for the house of David
and for the inhabitants of Jerusalem, for sin and for
uncleanness. It shall be in that day, says the Lord
of hosts, ‘that I will cut of the names of the idols
from the land, they shall no longer be remembered.
I will also cause the prophets and the unclean spirit

152
to depart from the land. …

“And someone will say to him, ‘What are these

wounds in your hands?’ Then he will answer,
‘Those with which I was wounded in the house of
my friends,’ …And in that day it shall be that
living waters shall flow from Jerusalem.”
(Zechariah 12:10, 11-13:1, 2; 14:8, NKJV).

The authors of "1888 Re-examined" believe

that He did not receive those “wounds” in His
hands for naught. In due course His “friends” will
know what they have done to Him and how they
insulted His Holy Spirit; then they will indeed
“grieve for Him” with a repentance supreme in all
history. His love will be seen and be appreciated to
accomplish what judgments by sword and fire have
not accomplished.

We do not need to wait for another generation

to requite His sacrificial love. We do not need new
and strange reinterpreting of the time prophecies of
Daniel and Revelation to set dates for His return.
God’s people can in this generation, now, fulfill all

153
that heaven is waiting on—”Be zealous therefore
and repent.” The grateful receipt of that
magnificent blessing will be the sign before the
whole universe that at last the “Bride” is willing to
accept the hand of the Divine Lover.

While the Bridegroom is forced to tarry there

are signs that His Bride-to-be is making herself
ready. Stirrings in the church give positive hope.

Three outstanding articles have appeared in

recent issues of "Ministry" magazine. There is a
refreshing candor evident. In the April 1992 issue
the editor stirred the Adventist conscience:

Is it possible that underneath all the optimism,

all the euphoria, all the movement, all might not be
as well as we would like? Is it possible that we are
making progress without much light? Is it possible
that church growth in the statistical column is not
matched by growth in the character department?…

One campaign … resulted in 1,000 baptisms.

One year later [there were] only 57 people out of

154
the more than 1,000 who had been baptized. The
other 943 were still listed on the church books—
and will probably remain there for years to come.
…

One field president … talked to a local chief

and promised him seven bales of clothing if he
could deliver 1,000 people for baptism. By the end
of the year his tally of 953 people was close
enough to get the clothing.

The gospel commission is much more than

baptizing; it is making disciples of people who are
reflecting the character of Jesus.

In the same year another serious challenge was

given by the editor’s “Open Letter” to the General
Conference president in the October issue. There
were some noteworthy observations:

Ellen White first applied the Laodicean

message to our church in the 1850s and during the
course of her ministry never encouraged the church
to consider that it had escaped this Laodicean

155
condition. She said that we would never do the
work that God really wants us to do until we
wholeheartedly admit that we are in a Laodicean
condition. … But there comes a time when we as
leaders must stand up and be counted. We need to
clarify the mission of the church. Why did God
bring this church into existence? What are we
preaching? …Why is it that after almost 150 years
of existence our people do not understand the most
basic of all doctrines [the assurance of salvation]?
… Has Christ somehow become eclipsed by all our
good works and distinctive doctrines? … We are at
a critical juncture in the history of our church. …
Let us preach the right gospel, that God might be
glorified.

Early in 1993 the February issue brought

another frank appeal from the editor to our
denominational workers. He sets forth the call that
has been shunned for years, but which is the plea of
the ‘True Witness” to receive His gift of “corporate
repentance.” The editor comes to grips with a
pending decisive issue:

156
 Ever since the 1850s we as individual
Adventists have acknowledged our Laodicean
condition, but is there a difference between
individual recognition of this fact and corporate
recognition? Some have tried to educate us in this
area, but we have ignored their pleas. … We as
church leaders need to spend much more time
studying and applying this passage. …

If we seek the true remedies, then as church

leaders we will make the burden of our
committees, our councils, our gatherings, a study
of and a seeking for the righteousness of Christ
rather than a push for church growth. … Let us
convene a world gathering of leaders and pastors
whose only agenda is to study the message to
Laodicea. … The message to Laodicea is not
primarily a message to individuals, but to a church,
to a corporate body. … The greatest proof that we
have not repented as a church is the fact that …
after almost 150 years we are still here.

Truly, to our shame, “we are still here.” And

yes, this is “the foremost proof that we have not

157
repented as a church.” But the very impotence and
disunity of the church at this time are a great cause
for encouragement, for this situation is a
fulfillment of God’s warning to His people that
means He is still leading!

Books of a new order "have" been published

which sabotage the faith we have been given and
defy our history; intellectual philosophy does
attempt to usurp a “thus saith the Lord”; the
Sabbath is lightly regarded; virtue is considered
better than vice while we are told falsely that vice
will prevail among the elect until the second
advent; nothing seems “to stand in the way of a
new movement.” But the Lord’s word will not
return unto Him void; the sanctuary “shall be
cleansed.” We are convinced that God believes that
the basic heart of the Seventh-day Adventist
Church is honest. The Church simply needs to
know the full truth.

If God believes that His people will respond,

shouldn’t we believe it too? And if we do believe
as He does, shouldn’t we courageously tell the

158
truth? That distilled pure message of truth which
was sent to us 100 years ago and verified by the
Lord’s messenger will yet do its work. The heart of
Israel will be touched when the truth of our history
is appreciated. Our Heavenly Father has staked the
honor of His throne on the sure result of His people
coming to know and accept His “precious
message.” "These authors have staked their all on
the same conviction". The Lord’s truth contains a
compelling power to bring repentance.

While the Lord is waiting, He assures us: “’For

a mere moment I have forsaken you, but with great
mercies I will gather you. With a little wrath I hid
My face from you for a moment; but with
everlasting kindness I will have mercy on you, says
the Lord, your Redeemer.” “I will betroth you to
Me forever; yes, I will betroth you to Me in
righteousness and justice, in loving kindness and
mercy. I will betroth you to Me in faithfulness, and
you shall know the Lord’” (Isaiah 54:7, 8; Hosea
2:19, 20, NKJV).

For over a century the Lord has allowed us our

159
wayward journey. For over forty years the reason
for this long delay has been under serious
discussion. Is this time enough to learn where the
problem lies?

Or will these two authors join their colleagues

of forty years ago in the grave, while some future
generation comes to face our history for what it is?
"There is no escape from facing the truth of how
“we” have treated our Lord."

Whether the authors live or die, whether they

are judged by this documentation as misguided
fools or worse, God’s word must still be fulfilled.
The record of the past four decades must be
determined in judgment one way or another.

Meanwhile, the delay has only deepened the

Lord’s unrequited love for His bride-to-be. He is
determined to betroth her forever in “righteousness
and justice, in loving kindness and mercy,” as He
says.

The Lord’s message to His people remains the

160
pure gospel—the Good News—but infinitely more,
it is the power of God unto salvation from sin.

We still believe it.

161
 Appendix A

Letter to the members of the

General Conference
Committee
Crest Hotel, San Francisco, Cal. July 11, 1950

Dear Brethren:

On this day of fasting and prayer, we as a

people are to seek not to the god of Ekron, but to
the God of truth, the Author and Finisher of our
faith, the God who has led the remnant church
these 106 years, as He led Israel of old. The
President’s stirring address last night, calling upon
us to guard the faith once delivered to the saints,
and to speak forthrightly in defence of it, presents a
challenge. With this in mind, it is imperative that
we know exactly what it is that should be guarded,
for certainly there is great confusion in our ranks
to-day.

162
 This confusion was evident in the “Christ-
centered preaching” urged upon us repeatedly in
the Ministerial Association meeting of the past four
days. These meetings were supposed to set the
stage for a mighty revival among God’s people at
this General Conference session. This “Christ-
centered preaching” is expected by its proponents,
to bring in a great reformation among Seventh-day
Adventists workers the world around.

No one for a moment could disparage the

preaching of the "true" Christ as the center and
substance of the three angels’ messages. However,
in the confusion, it has been discerned that much of
this so-called “Christ-centered preaching” is in
reality merely "anti-Christ centered preaching". It
vitally affects the outcome of this General
Conference session. To make such a statement to
the General Conference Committee sounds
fantastic. But startling things are not unexpected
by the church in the last days.

No Seventh-day Adventist can deny for a

moment that Satan will take the religious world
163
captive, appearing as an angel of light, to deceive
if possible the "very elect". Through a three-fold
union of apostate Protestantism, Romanism, and
Spiritualism, he will present the most bitter
opposition to the three angels’ messages ever
encountered. Men such as E. Stanley Jones, Leslie
Weatherhead, Norman Vincent Peale, and Billy
Graham, are allying themselves with Spiritualistic
forces, robed in garments of light. They indeed
preach a winsome, lovable, always smiling
“Christ”. But, with the aid of the Bible, this
“Christ” can be proven to be identifiable with the
father of all lies, the author of Spiritualism and
Romanism. Need it be said that we have nothing to
do as Seventh-day Adventists with such a false
Christ”? Ought we do not to realize that our cruel
and bitter enemy knows by now far too well the
fallacy of trying to allure us with apparent evil,
gross and crude Spiritualism? In these last days, he
will assume the form of good, and seek to allure us
and charm us with specious reasonings, apparently
holy, causing men, as we heard last night, “to give
utterance to opinions that will betray sacred, holy
trusts.” It could be proven, as simply and as
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clearly as that the Seventh-day Sabbath is the true
one, that the Christ” of these modern men is
identifiable with the god of modern Spiritualism!

In the sermons and exhortations of the past

four days, no clear distinction whatever has been
made between the Christ of Seventh-day
Adventism, and this false Christ. While lip service
has been paid to the preaching of our distinctive
doctrines, they have been openly and repeatedly
disparaged as "secondary", this “Christ” being
considered "primary". We are thus left with a
vague mysticism permeating Seventh-day
Adventism. If followed to its logical ends, it can
only bring in a false, spurious type of “Christian”
experience, calculated instead to deceive the very
elect, but which will not hasten the finishing of the
work committed to us. It is a modern counterpart of
an ancient call to Israel in the wilderness to return
to Egypt. Should not this matter, dear brethren and
elders, be "thoroughly" investigated by men
capable of discerning between the wiles of the devil
and the solemn work of the true Holy Spirit?

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 Is it not true that our fasting, praying, and
seeking for the outpouring of the Spirit will be
tragically hindered until this matter is clarified?
The most earnest intercessory, pleading prayers
offered unwittingly to Baal will not avail Israel one
drop of heaven-sent rain, in this time of spiritual
drought. Is it not true that the “Christ” of these
modern Spiritualistic actors is in reality Israel’s
ancient enemy, Baal, under a new and more highly
refined guise?

The following facts are worthy of

consideration:

1. Our history proves, in the incident of Dr.

Kellogg’s apostasy into what the servant of the
Lord repeatedly termed “deadly heresies” and
“doctrines of devils” and specious “spiritualistic
sentiments”, that trusted men among us can think
themselves in harmony with our faith, have regard
to the law and the Sabbath, be men of apparent
rectitude, and yet be deceived by a refined species
of Spiritualism. Therefore, to say that we are not in
any danger of being confused by the false Christ
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and his spiritualism so long as we hold to the
Sabbath and the law, etc., is not entirely true.
Seventh-day Adventists can be deceived. Only a
tyro in denominational history will deny that.

2. Plain, unequivocal statements that cannot

possibly be gainsaid, in "Special Testimonies",
Series B. indicate that the spiritualistic sophistries
which deceived Dr. Kellogg and a great proportion
of our trusted leaders fifty years ago, will again
deceive our people; further, that Dr. Kellogg’s
apostasy, revealed in “Living Temple”, was but the
comparatively crude, immature beginning of
deadly deceptions and doctrines of devils; and that
the most serious development in the history of
Adventism, as we near the end, would be an almost
overmastering attempt on the part of Satan to lead
us in Spiritualism, a revival of the deceptions of
fifty years ago. Just a few key statements follow,
which should indicate that this is not a fantastic
idea:

“’Living Temple’ contains the "alpha" of these

theories. I knew that the omega would follow in a
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little while, and I trembled for our people.” No. 2,
p. 53.

“Many are in danger of receiving theories and

sophistries that undermine the foundation pillars of
our faith. Satan, with his seductive influence, has
stolen away from one and then another the faith
once delivered to the saints. … Nothing but a
determined effort will break the spell that is on
them.” “Be not deceived: many will depart from
the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits and
doctrines of devils. We have now before us the
alpha of this danger. The omega will be of a most
startling nature.” Pp. 15, 16.

“‘Living Temple’ … contains specious

sentiments. There are in it sentiments that are
entirely true, but these are mingled with error … in
the book living Temple” there is presented the
alpha of deadly heresies. The omega will follow,
and will be received by those who are not willing
to heed the warning God has given.” Pp. 49, 50.

“The time is near when the deceptive powers of

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satanic agencies will be fully developed. On one
side, is Christ who has been given all power in
heaven and in earth. On the other side, is Satan,
continually exercising his power to allure
[appearing as anti-Christ, in the place of Christ],
to deceive with strong, spiritualistic sophistries, to
remove God [the true Christ] out of the places that
He should occupy in the minds of men.” No. 7, pp.
16, 17.

“Fanciful representations and interpretations

of truth have been stealing in step by step,
unperceived by men who ought through a clear
understanding of the Scriptures, to be prepared to
see the danger and sound a note of warning. …
Blindness hath happened unto Israel.” P. 17.

“Spiritualistic sentiments have been given to

our people, and have been received by some who
have had long experience as teachers in the word
of God. The results of this insidious devising will
break out again and again.” P. 36.

“That those who we have thought sound in the

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faith should have failed to discern the specious,
deadly influence of this science of evil, should
alarm us as nothing else has alarmed us. “It is
something that cannot be treated as a small
matter.” P. 37.

“The strange part of the matter is that these

ideas have been accepted by so many as beautiful
truth.” P. 49.

3. This deception of refined Spiritualism

constitutes a species of virtual Baal worship. The
old enemy of ancient Israel has deceived many in
modern Israel.

a. Baal is simply a false “Christ”, and is Satan

disguising as the god who led Israel out of Egypt.
He is an utter imposter, assuming the appearance
of Israel’s true Lord. The word "Baal" simply
meant “Lord”, or “husband”, etymologically.
Thus when the prophets of Baal prayed at Carmel,
they simply prayed, “O Lord, Lord, etc.,” while
Elijah had a clear distinction in his mind about the
true God.
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 b. Ancient Israel did not realize that they had
apostatized into Baal worship. It was gradual,
unconscious apostasy. This is evident from
statements in "Prophets and Kings", and Jeremiah
2:23, 35; 16:10. Modern Israel’s Baal worship has
also been gradual and unconscious. Men are
sincerely deceived.

c. An unequivocally plain prophecy occurs in

"Testimonies to Ministers", pp. 467, 468, that as a
consequence of not discerning the light of
righteousness by faith revealed in 1888, “many”
among us would be deceived into virtual Baal
worship.

d. This modern Baal worship and highly

refined Spiritualism constitutes a spurious and
counterfeit species of righteousness by faith. This
revival of “Christ centered preaching”, being
practically identical with the “gospel” of modern
Babylon, is not a true revival such as Jones and
Waggoner and Sister White brought to us 62 years
ago.
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 e. This spurious faith in “Christ” can never
prepare the remnant church to stand in the day of
God, nor is it a distinctive message which will
lighten the earth with the glory of God. Followed
to its logical end, it will rob us of the distinctive
message God has given us for the world. It is a call
back to Egypt.

f. The alarming and heartbreaking examples of

treachery, immorality, cupidity, fraud, and
embezzlement, arising within our ministerial ranks,
and sadly familiar to us here and there, indicate
that the fruit of this apostasy is increasingly bitter.
Faith in the "true" Christ, dear brethren, bears not
fruit such as we see today among us.

4. Modern Spiritualism is not clearly discerned

by our people. It constitutes not merely crude
peeping and muttering of the dead, but also a
counterfeit Holy Spirit. Thus Baal worship includes
a false god, a false “Christ”, and a false “Holy
Spirit”. Other religious bodies are earnestly
seeking a “latter rain” as are we, but their Holy
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Spirit will prove to be an Unholy Spiritism. The
church appeals to the ministry to make this
distinction clear to our workers and people.
"Already spurious manifestations of miracle
working power have been evident among us, and
have been received by many". Clear unequivocal
statements from the Spirit of Prophecy indicate that
near the end false miracles will appear among
Seventh-day Adventists to deceive them, and that
such miracles will be accompanied by a spurious
righteousness by faith such as the world will
receive. Our people are tragically confused, as
sheep without a shepherd, and await a clarification
of this matter.

5. It is certain that there are keen minds in the

world who will someday be able to prove
conclusively from history and theology, that the
“Christ” of modern Babylon, of Billy Graham, E.
Stanley Jones, etc., is the ancient Adonis, or
Tammuz, of old pagan religions, and the false
Messiah of Mithraism, and the anti-Christ of
Romanism.

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 a. It can be proven logically and clearly, as
much as so as we prove the Sabbath or Sanctuary
truths, that the “Christ” of popular “Christian”
experience is identifiable with the old pagan
Christs.

b. It can be proven conclusively that the type of

Christian experience preached among us to-day is
practically the same as that advocated by E.
Stanley Jones and others; and that this species of
experience is a manifest departure from the truths
taught in the Bible and "Steps to Christ".

c. It can be proven that this modern “Christ-

centered preaching” is a subtle reappearance of
the “other gospel” which Paul so sharply warned
the Galatians against receiving. Gal. 1:8, 9. If we
make any mistakes in this field of Christian
experience, it is damnable confusion. You will
recall that that “other gospel” “bewitched” the
Galatians. (The word “proven”, brethren, does not
mean making of bald, unsupported statements.
There are authorities as J. Garnier, who wrote
"The True Christ and the False Christ", London.
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1900, a monumental work which may be found in
the R&H library, and authorities cited by Waigal
in "The Paganism in Our Christianity", and
Frazer’s "Golden Bough".)

6. Lest this appeal be thought fantastic, and the

conditions referred to impossible among Seventh-
day Adventists, the following incidents are with
embarrassment and hesitation referred to:

a. In 1899 a certain imposter, “Captain”

Norman, deceived practically the entire group of
Seventh-day Adventist leaders. Older workers will
recall that this smooth imposter was described by
Sister White as an agent or emissary of the devil,
and that the whole embarrassing incident was a
parable, to show our people how much they were
falling down. Immediately afterwards occurred the
sad episode of Dr. Kellogg’s spiritualistic
apostasy, when brethren who had believed an
agent of the devil, also received what Sister White
plainly termed “doctrines of devils”. The warning
was not received. Thus there developed the
“alpha”.
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 b. In 1949 a certain imposter, “Doctor” Legg,
deceived some Seventh-day Adventist leaders
tragically. This wicked man was uncouth, poorly
disguised deceiver. He appeared to be a very
strange sort of a new “convert.” He couldn’t look
one in the eye, and scarcely did he even act the
part of a refined, converted, Christian gentleman.
The sad story is well known. Can any one
successfully maintain that sincere brethren, who
will be so deceived by a very agent of the devil, will
not also be as readily deceived by “doctrines of
devils”? The analogy of the 1899 incident with Dr.
Kellogg’s Spiritualism, makes a disturbing
consideration.

Our dear people, could they voice their

unconscious desires, would thus appeal to this
highest Committee of authority, gathered at this
world session in 1950, to clarify this highly
important matter of the difference between the true
God and the false, the true Christ and the anti-
Christ, the true Holy Spirit and Spiritualism, and
true Christian experience and false supposition. No
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matter before this gathering can possibly be as
weighty with serious import as this.

Very sincerely yours,

R. J. Wieland
D. K. Short

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