Let us also see how the nature and character of Philippine society are
reflected in the education process in different periods of Philippine history.
As you study the summary of the Philippine educational system, just
remember this sociological concept, which is the focus of this Chapter that
education is a function of society and as such what are taught in schools
arise from the nature and character of society itself. What society considers'
important is what schools teach.
Education During the Pre-colonial period
Education was informal and unstructured, decentralized. Fathers taught
their sons how to look for food and other means of livelihood. Mothers
taught their girls to do the household chores. This education basically
prepared their children to become good husband and wives. Children
were provided more vocational training but lesser academics. Teachers
were tribal tutors (Babaylan or Katalonan).
Education During the Spanish Era
Education was formal and organized. It was authoritarian in nature. Tribal
tutors of the pre-Spanish period were replaced by Spanish missionaries.
Pupils attended formal schooling in the parochial school. Instruction was
Religion-oriented. Christian doctrines, sacred songs and music and prayers
were taught because they were required for confession and communion.
There was a separate school for boys and girls
The Educational Decree of 1863
This law gave Filipinos a complete system of education from elementary
to the collegiate level. The law provided for the establishment of the
elementary schools in all municipalities in the country. Although religion
was the core of the curriculum, the curriculum included subjects
reading, writing, arithmetic, history Christian doctrine, Spanish language,
vocal music, agriculture for the boys and needlework for the girls.
Attendance in school was compulsory between the ages of seven and
twelve.
Education during the American Regime 1898-
1946
The Americans promoted democratic ideals and the
democratic way of life. The schools maintained by the
Spaniards for more than three centuries were closed but
were reopened on August 29, 1898 by the Secretary of the
Interior. A system of free and compulsory elementary
education was established by the Malolos Constitution
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The Fundamental aims of education in the 1973
constitution are : Foster love of country - teaching the
duties of citizenship - Develop moral character - Self
discipline and scientific - Technological and vocational
efficiency.
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1. It is a lifelong process, and it occurs during early childhood but as we
progress from infancy to old aged, we shed roles and adopt new one.
2. It is the termed for role learning that prepares us for future roles.
3. What are the educational goals in Primitive Societies?
4. In this period, free education in public schools was provided all over the
country, in accordance with the 1935 Constitution.
5. In what period does Filipinos was taught the Love of Labor?
6-9. Give our four Core Values
10. In your own words, why is it important to study the History of Education?
