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Python File

systemhang jaat ha Pradhan

Uploaded by

systemjaatka0001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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Python Programming Guide

Introduction to Python

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability.

Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, Python's design philosophy emphasizes

code readability and simplicity, making it an ideal choice for beginners and experienced developers

alike.

Installing Python

Python can be installed from the official website (https://www.python.org/). Here are the steps for

installation:

For Windows:

1. Download the Python installer from the official website.

2. Run the installer and follow the instructions.

3. Add Python to PATH during the installation process.

For macOS:

1. Install Homebrew if not already installed (/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)").

2. Use Homebrew to install Python: brew install python.

For Linux:

1. Open the terminal.


Python Programming Guide

2. Use the package manager to install Python. For example, on Ubuntu, use sudo apt-get install

python3.

Basic Syntax and Variables

Hello World in Python:

```python

print("Hello, World!")

```

Variables:

```python

x = 10

y = "Hello"

z = 3.14

```

Control Structures

If-Else Statement:

```python

if x > 5:

print("x is greater than 5")

else:
Python Programming Guide

print("x is 5 or less")

```

For Loop:

```python

for i in range(5):

print(i)

```

While Loop:

```python

while x > 0:

print(x)

x -= 1

```

Functions

Defining and Calling Functions:

```python

def greet(name):

return f"Hello, {name}"

print(greet("Alice"))

```
Python Programming Guide

Modules and Packages

Importing Modules:

```python

import math

print(math.sqrt(16))

```

Creating a Module:

Create a file named mymodule.py:

```python

def add(a, b):

return a + b

```

Using the Module:

```python

import mymodule

print(mymodule.add(2, 3))

```

File Handling
Python Programming Guide

Reading a File:

```python

with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:

content = file.read()

print(content)

```

Writing to a File:

```python

with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:

file.write("Hello, World!")

```

Error and Exception Handling

Try-Except Block:

```python

try:

result = 10 / 0

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("Cannot divide by zero")

```

Object-Oriented Programming
Python Programming Guide

Defining a Class:

```python

class Dog:

def __init__(self, name, age):

self.name = name

self.age = age

def bark(self):

return f"{self.name} is barking"

my_dog = Dog("Buddy", 3)

print(my_dog.bark())

```

Libraries and Frameworks

Popular Python Libraries:

- NumPy: Used for numerical computations.

- Pandas: Used for data manipulation and analysis.

- Matplotlib: Used for plotting graphs and charts.

- Django: A web framework for building web applications.

- Flask: A lightweight web framework.

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