BP801T.
BIOSTATISITCS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(Theory)
Unit-I
Introduction: Statistics, Biostatistics, Frequency distribution
Measures of central tendency: Mean, Median, Mode- Pharmaceutical
examples
Measures of dispersion: Dispersion, Range, standard deviation,
Pharmaceutical problems
Correlation: Definition, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, Multiple
correlation -Pharmaceuticals examples
Unit-II
Regression: Curve fitting by the method of least squares, fitting the lines y= a +
bx and x= a + by, Multiple regression, standard error of regression
Pharmaceutical Examples
Probability:Definition of probability, Binomial distribution, Normal
distribution, Poisson’s distribution, properties - problemsSample, Population,
large sample, small sample, Null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, sampling,
essence of sampling, types of sampling, Error-I type, Error-II type, Standard
error of mean (SEM) - Pharmaceutical examples
Parametric test: t-test(Sample, Pooled or Unpaired and Paired) , ANOVA,
(One way and Two way), Least Significance difference
Unit-III
Non Parametric tests: Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, Mann-Whitney U test,
Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman Test
Introduction to Research: Need for research, Need for design of Experiments,
Experiential Design Technique, plagiarism
Graphs: Histogram, Pie Chart, Cubic Graph, response surface plot, Counter
Plot graph
Designing the methodology: Sample size determination and Power of a study,
Report writing and presentation of data, Protocol, Cohorts studies,
Observational studies, Experimental studies, Designing clinical trial, various
phases.
Unit-IV
Blocking and confounding system for Two-level factorials
Regression modeling: Hypothesis testing in Simple and Multiple regression
models
Introduction to Practical components of Industrial and Clinical Trials
Problems:
Statistical Analysis Using Excel, SPSS, MINITAB®, DESIGN OF
EXPERIMENTS, R -
Online Statistical Software’s to Industrial and Clinical trial approach
Unit-V
Design and Analysis of experiments:
Factorial Design: Definition, 22, 23design. Advantage of factorial design
Response Surface methodology: Central composite design, Historical design,
Optimization Techniques