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SCIENCE
Quarter II – Week 4
Understanding Typhoon

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Science – Grade 8
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter II - Week 4: Understanding Typhoon
First Edition, 2020

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Lesson 1

Understanding Typhoon

Most Essential Learning Competency with Code:

Explain how typhoon develops and how it is affected by landmasses and bodies of
water. (S8ES-IIf-21)
Objectives:
1. Describe how typhoon develops
2. Explain how landmasses and bodies of water affect typhoons

Let’s Explore and Discover

Good day, my dear students! Can you still remember what
UNLOCKING of
DIFFICULTIES happened in November 12, 2020? Our country was hit by Typhoon
Weather occurs in Ulysses (International name Vamco) which resulted to heavy
the troposphere. casualties and destructions of crops and properties. According to
In this layer, air the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
is constantly Services Administration (PAGASA), the government agency tasked
moving.
The temperature
in weather forecast and tropical cyclone warning, there are about
just above the 20 tropical cyclones that enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility
ground is hotter (PAR) every year. But have you ever wondered why?
than the In this activity sheet, you will act as meteorologist (a
temperature high weather scientist) to explore and discover how typhoons develop
above. and how landmasses and bodies of water affect typhoon.

What is a typhoon?
A typhoon is defined as a cyclonic scale
developing over tropical and sub-tropical oceans
having a definitely organized circulation. In
other parts of the globe, this is referred to as
hurricane or simply tropical cyclone depending
on the region.
In the North Atlantic, Northeast Pacific
and South Pacific Ocean, typhoon is called
"hurricane". However, within the Bay of Bengal,
Arabian Sea and Southwest Indian Ocean, it is
termed "cyclonic", while in the Southeast Indian
Figure 1: A picture shows where the term cyclones,
Ocean it is known as "willy-willy". And in the
hurricanes and typhoons are used.
Western North Pacific Ocean, where the (Source: “How Do Hurricanes Form,” NASA Science, accessed
Philippines is located, it is "typhoon". In our December 2, 2020, https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/hurricanes/en/.)

country, “bagyo” is the same word for all the

categories of tropical cyclones, whether it is a tropical depression, a tropical storm or a
typhoon. The Philippines is prone to typhoons due to its position on the Earth which
generally produces heavy rains and flooding of large areas and also strong winds.
(Source: “About Tropical Cyclones,” Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration,
November 27,2020, http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/about-tropical-cyclone)

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Anatomy of Typhoon
A typhoon has three main parts: the eye, the eye wall, and the spiral rainbands.
The eye or calm center of the typhoon has the lowest air pressure thus wind speed is low.
The dense clouds surrounding the eye, the part where the wind is rotating very fast, is
known as the eyewall. When the eye of a tropical cyclone passes over a certain place, it is
the winds at the eyewall that bring a lot of damage. Spiral rainbands are long bands of
rain clouds that spiral around the storm.

How do typhoons develop?

Generally, high humidity and ocean water temperatures above 26°C are the major
contributing factors. There are (5) five main steps in cyclone formation. First, the warm
wet air moves over the ocean and rises resulting to the formation of a Low-Pressure Area
(LPA). Second, air spins due to Coriolis force (force that causes the air for typhoon to
spin) toward the center
causing evaporation. Then,
warm and moist air begins
to cool and water vapor
starts to condense and
intensifies the wind speed as
it gathers clouds while
spiraling. Next, as the air
columns constantly grow, it
will rush into the eye wall
creating strong winds.
Eventually, if the wind
sustains its speed up to 61
kph, tropical depression
develops. But when the
Figure 2: Formation of tropical storm
(Source: “How Does A Tropical Storm Form,” 34 Kiwis, accessed December 2, 2020,
maximum wind speed
https://34kiwis.wordpress.com/2012/12/27/how-does-a-tropical-storm-form/.) reaches 118 to 220 kph
(kilometer per hour), tropical
depression becomes typhoon. Storms that form north of the equator spin
counterclockwise and clockwise in the southern hemisphere due to Coriolis effect. As
they move over the landmasses, typhoons weaken or dissipate. Most tropical cyclones
that hit the Philippines move west and northwest direction. Now, you will learn about the
classification of tropical cyclones.
Table 1. The Classification of Tropical Cyclones as Adopted by PAGASA as of 01 May 2015
Classification Characteristic
A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of up to 61
Tropical Depression (TD) kilometers per hour (kph) or less than 33 nautical miles per
hour (knots).
A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 62 to 88 kph
Tropical Storm (TS) or 34 - 47 knots.

A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 89 to 117 kph

Severe Tropical Storm (STS)
or 48 - 63 knots.
A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 118 to 220 kph
Typhoon (TY)
or 64 - 120 knots.
A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed exceeding 220
Super Typhoon (STY) kph or more than 120 knots.

Typhoons need warm ocean water which serves as fuel to TRIVIA

PAGASA adopted
sustain the convection and wind speeds. If a typhoon moves over land, the new
this supply of warm ocean water is cut off, and the typhoon weakens. classification after
As a summary, a tropical cyclone has many equivalent terms the super typhoon
depending on the place where it develops. It has three main parts YOLANDA. Before
namely: eye, eyewall and spiral rainbands. Moreover, water vapor and there was no
super typhoon
ocean water with a temperature above 26°C are the major factors that classification.
can set off a typhoon. Lastly, cyclones weaken when moving over land
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 Let’s Practice

What’s Inside the Typhoon

Directions: Identify each part of a typhoon which is provided in the bank. Write your
answer on the space provided.

1.___________ BANK

eye
eye wall
2. __________
whirlpool

3. __________ spiral rainband

Find your MATCH!

Directions: Match the classification of the following tropical cyclone in Column B to its
corresponding characteristic in Column A. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the line provided before each number.
Column A Column B
_______ 1.) A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed a.) typhoon
of 62 to 88 kph or 34 - 47 knots.
_______ 2.) A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed b.) earthquake
of 89 to 117 kph or 48 - 63 knots.
_______ 3.) A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed c.) tropical storm
of 118 to 220 kph or 64 - 120 knots.
_______ 4.) A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed d.) super typhoon
exceeding 220 kph or more than 120 knots.
_______ 5.) A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained e.) tropical
winds of up to 61 kilometers per hour (kph) or depression
less than 33 nautical miles per hour (knots).
f.) severe tropical
storm
(Source: “About Tropical Cyclones,” Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration,
accessed November 27, 2020, http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/about-tropical-cyclone.)

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 Let’s Do More

Let’s Organize!
Directions: Arrange the following events for typhoon formation in chronological order.
Write the numbers 1-5 on the blanks provided.

________ A. Air is ejected at the top of the system and falls around the edges before
getting sucked back into the system, heating further creating a chain reaction intensifying
the wind speeds. This is now called a tropical depression.

________ B. When the winds in the rotating storm reach 39 mph, the storm is called a
“tropical storm.” And when the wind speeds reach 74 mph, the storm is officially a
“tropical cyclone,” or hurricane.

________ C. Trade winds and the Coriolis force cause the system to spin. Storms that
form north of the equator spin counterclockwise. Storms south of the equator spin
clockwise.

________ D. Air from the surrounding areas sucked in, warms and rises, creating a
continuous up flow of warm wet air leading to heavy clouds and rain.

________ E. Warm wet air rises as a result of being less dense than the surrounding air.
(Source: “About Tropical Cyclones,” Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration,
accessed November 27, 2020, http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/about-tropical-cyclone.)

Brain-STORMing
Directions: Fill in the crossword puzzle with the missing words using the clues
below. Write your answer in each box.

Across
What factor/s is/are considered in classifying a tropical cyclone?
3. calm center of the typhoon
4. force that causes the air for typhoon
to spin
5. equivalent term for cyclone in South
Pacific Ocean

Down
1. equivalent term for cyclone within
Arabian Sea
2. wind speed of 118-220 kph

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 Let’s Sum It Up

Type-ON
Directions: Identify each term referred to in the sentences below by supplying the
missing letter in each box.

1. A tropical cyclone with maximum wind

P O O speed of 118 to 220 kph or 64 - 120 knots.

2. The part where the wind is rotating

Y E A L around the eye very fast and wreaks a lot
of damage.

3. The warm ____________ air rises as a

W T result of being less dense than the
surrounding air.

4. What happens to a typhoon as it moves

W E A E N D over land?

5. Storms that form ____________ of the

O T H equator spin counterclockwise.

You Complete Me!

Directions: Supply the missing word from the choices in the box below to complete the
selection entitled Tropical Cyclone. Write your answer on the blank
provided.

land masses
What factor/s is/are water
considered in classifying vapor cyclone? 26°C
a tropical
heat ocean water humidity

Tropical Cyclone

Tropical cyclones need (1.) ____________________ in order to form. High (2.)

____________________ and ocean temperatures of over (3.) ____________________ are major
contributing factors. (4.) ____________________ weaken typhoons, causing them to
dissipate if the land mass is large. Typhoons are sustained by deep convection and release
of latent heat, and so, require warm (5.) __________________that serves as fuel to sustain
the convection and wind speeds.

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 Let’s Assess
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read and analyze each statement carefully and write the letter of the
correct answer on the blank provided before each number.

_______ 1. Where do hurricanes or typhoons form?

A. over the ocean C. in a river or stream
B. under the earth D. at plate boundaries

_______ 2. What happens to typhoon when it makes landfall?

A. It weakens.
B. It gains strength.
C. It intensifies the wind speed.
D. All of these

_______ 3. What sea temperature is needed for a tropical cyclone to form?

A. 16.5°C C. 26.5°C
B. 21.5°C D. 31.5°C

_______ 4. Which of the following parts of the typhoon is known as the calm center?
A. eye C. spiral rainbands
B. eye wall D. all of these

_______ 5. How do you classify a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed exceeding 220
kph or more than 120 knots?
A. typhoon C. tropical storm
B. super typhoon D. tropical depression

_______ 6. In which directions do most tropical cyclones that hit the Philippine Area
of Responsibility (PAR) move?
A. east to northwest C. north to northeast
B. north to east D. west to northwest

_______ 7. During the formation of typhoon, what will be the result if the air from the
surrounding areas of the calm center becomes warm and moist?
A. earthquake B. fair weather C. heavy rain D. summer

For items 8-10. Refer to the following choices.

A. warm B. cold C. rises D. water vapor

Tropical cyclones usually form where there is ( 8.) _____________ water, the
temperature is about 26.5°C or more. Warm ocean water heats up the air above the
warm air. Then it (9.) _____________, resulting to a low-pressure area. Air in the
surrounding will then move toward the area. There is (10.) _____________ in the
rising warm air; and it soon condenses and heat is given off. The heat makes the air
rise even more, and air in the surrounding will keep moving in. The air starts to
spin, and tropical cyclone is born.

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 Answer Key
Let’s Practice Let’s Do More

Let’s Organize
What’s Inside Find your Let’s
A. 4 Organize! Brain-STORMing
the Typhoon MATCH! B. 5 Down
Down
1. C A. 1. cyclonic
1.cyclonic
1. eye C. 43
2. typhoon
2. eyewall 2. F B.
D. 52 Across
3. spiral 3. A C.
E. 31 3. eye
3.eye
rainband 4. D D. 2 4. Coriolis
coriolis
5. E E. 1 5.hhurricane
u
r
r
Let’s Sum It Up Let’s Assess i
c
1. A 6.
a D
n
Type-ON You 2. A 7.
e C
1. water vapor Complete Me!
2. humidity 1. t yp h o o n 3. C
D 8. A
3. 26°C 2. eyewall 4. A 9. C
4. land masses 3. wet
5. ocean water 4. weakened 5. B 10.D
5. north

References
Book

Campo, Pia C., Maria Helen D.H Catalan, Letisha V. Catris, Marlene B. Ferido, Ian
Kendrich C. Fontanilla, and Jacqueline Rose M. Gutierrez. Science Grade 8
Learner's Module. Pasig City, Philippines: Department of Education, 2016.

Websites

34 Kiwis. “How Does A Tropical Storm Form.” Accessed December 2, 2020.

https://34kiwis.wordpress.com/2012/12/27/how-does-a-tropical-storm-form/.

Department of Science and Technology- Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and

Astronomical Services Administration. “About Tropical Cyclones.” Accessed
November 27, 2020. http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/about-
tropical-cyclone

MrGeogWagg. “Hydro-meterological Hazards – Hurricanes, Typhoons and Cyclones.”

Accessed December 04, 2020.
https://mrgeogwagg.wordpress.com/2015/09/07/hydro-meterological-hazards-
hurricanes-typhoons-and-cyclones/

NASA Science. “How Do Hurricanes Form.” Accessed December 2, 2020.

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/hurricanes/en/.

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