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In communication signal processing , the average power Pav of a periodic signal:
2π
x(t)
= A sin(2π=
ft) A sin( t) where f is the frequency and T is the period
T
of the signal, is defined as:
1 T2
Pav = ∫ T [x(t)]2 .dt
T −2
If the average power in transmitting a signal
= x 2 (t) A sin 200(πt),is
equal to the power where=
x1 (t) sin(100πt), find A.
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Solutions
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4. 3.
P2
dP =
( x 2 − 3x )
dx
( P3 + 5) x
1 3P 2
3 ∫ ( P3 + 5)
dP= x − 3 dx
1
ln ( P 3 + 5=) 0.5 x2 − 3x + c
3
ln ( P 3 + 5 )= 1.5 x 2 − 9 x + d x= 0 P= 0
(P + 5 )= e1.5 x
3 2 −9 x + d
0= De0 − 5 ⇒ D= 5
2
De1.5 x −9 x 5
P 3 =− ( 2
)
3 5 e1.5 x −9 x − 1
P=
5. 6.
a = -(3 + 4v2 ) dV 126 − 900V
=
dt 3
⇒ v dv/dx = -(3 + 4v2 ) dV 1
= dt
126 − 900V 3
⇒ dx/dv = -v/(3 + 4v2)
ln (126 − 900V ) t
= +c
v −900 3
⇒ x=- ∫ (3 + 4v ) dv
2 ln (126 − 900V ) =−300t + k
e(
−300 t + k )
1 1 126 − 900V =
⇒ x=- . ln (3 + 4v 2 ) + c
2 4 126 − 900V =e −300t × e k (let C =e k )
1
⇒ x = - ln (3 + 4v 2 ) + c 126 − Ce −300t
8 =V
900
at x=0 v = u
126 − C
1 When V = 0 t = 0 ⇒ 0 = ⇒ C = 126
⇒ x = - ln (3 + 4u 2 ) + c 900
8
126 − 126e −300t
1 V=
⇒ c = ln (3 + 4u 2 ) 900
8
126 t 126e −300 y
1 1
⇒ x = - ln (3 + 4v 2 ) + ln (3 + 4u 2 )
Dis tan ce= s= ∫ V dt=
900
+
270000
+c
8 8
2
= s (1200)=
Fuel consumed × 5 840 litres
1 3 + 4u
⇒ x = ln ( )
8 3 + 4v 2
when stopped v = 0
1 3 + 4u 2 1 4
⇒ x= ln ( ) = ln (1+ u 2 )
8 3 8 3
7. 8.
Equation for sailor
Let T = temp of sailor
t = time in minutes
dT
= k ( T-1)
dt
dT
∫ ( T-1) = ∫ kdt
ln ( T-1) = kt+c
T = C ekt + 1
We know when t = 0 ,T = 37 and when t = 5 T = 36
⇒ C=36 so T = 36 ekt + 1
36 36 e5k + 1
=
35 5k
= e ⇒ k= -.005634
36
So T = 36 e-.005634t + 1 (A)
Equation for the ship
-1
dx
= 5 t 2 (where x is the distance travelled by the boat in metres and t is time in seconds)
dt
1
x = 10 t 2 + c
We know that at time t = 0 x = 0
⇒ c=0
1
so x = 10 t 2 (B)
Find the time taken for the ship to travel 200m (ie x = 200)
1
200 = 10 t 2
1
200 = 10 t 2
1
20= t 2 ⇒ t = 400 seconds (= 6.66 minutes)
Remember however that the ship does not attempt a rescue for 2 minutes
The ship will now take 6.66 minutes to reach the sailor (sub t = 8.66 into (A))
⇒ T = 36 e-.005634 x 8.66 + 1 =35.284 degrees
This value is above the critical value of 35 degrees so the sailor will still be alive.
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