Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Bohol

(HEALTH 7)

FOURTH QUARTER
Quarter : 4 Week : 2 Day : 4 Activity No. : 2
Competency: : Explains non-communicable diseases based on cause and effect, signs and
symptoms, risk factors, protective factors and possible complications.
(H7DD-IVb-d-25)
Objective : Explain non-communicable diseases based on cause and effect, signs and
symptoms, risk factors, protective factors and possible complications.
(Asthma)
Topic : Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer
Materials :
Reference : Naida C. Pabelico, Fernan Lanzaderas, Mark Kenneth Camling, and alcar E.
Saraza. 2017. Physical Education and Health. Pasig City: Department of
Education-Bureau of Learning Resources.

Copyrights : For classroom use only

Cardiovascular Disease
A. Heart Cause Signs and Symptoms
(Cardio) Diseases
Congenital heart • Smoking or alcohol or drug • shortness of breath
diseases misuse during pregnancy • chest pain
• A viral infection like • a reduced ability to exercise
rubella (German measles) in • being easily fatigued
the first trimester of pregnancy
• Diabetes in the mother
Congestive heart • Coronary artery disease. • Shortness of breath
failure • High blood pressure • Fatigue and weakness
(hypertension) • Swelling (edema) in your legs, ankles
• Disorders of and feet
the heart valves. • Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Persistent cough or wheezing with white
• Unknown or pink blood-tinged phlegm
(idiopathic) causes, such as
• Increased need to urinate at night
after recovery from
• Swelling of your abdomen (ascites)
myocarditis.
• Very rapid weight gain from fluid
retention

Arrhythmia • Heart disease • A fluttering” sensation in your chest

• Electrolyte imbalances in • A racing heartbeat (tachycardia)
your blood • A slow heartbeat (bradycardia)
• Structural abnormalities of • Chest pain
the heart • Shortness of breath
• Infection • Light headedness
• Abnormal electrical • Dizziness
pathways • Fainting (syncope) or near fainting
• Fatigue
• Medications
B. Vascular (blood Cause Signs and Symptoms
vessel) Diseases
Hypertension or The most common causes: • Dizziness
high blood • smoking • Nervousness
• obesity/overweight • Sweating
• diabetes • Trouble sleeping
• having a sedentary lifestyle • Facial flushing
• lack of physical activity • Blood spots in eyes
• high salt or alcohol intake
levels
• insufficient consumption
of calcium, potassium or
magnesium
• deficiency in vitamin D
• Stress
• Aging
• chronic kidney disease a
Stroke There are two • Sudden numbness or weakness in the
main causes of stroke: face, arm, or leg, especially on one side
• a blocked artery of the body.
(ischemic stroke) or • Sudden confusion, trouble speaking,
• leaking or bursting of or difficulty understanding speech.
a blood vessel • Sudden trouble seeing in one or both
(hemorrhagic stroke) eyes.
• Sudden trouble walking, dizziness,
loss of balance, or lack of coordination.
Cancer • Warning Signs of Cancer:
A number of forces can cause
gene mutations, such as: • C-hange in bowel or bladder habit
• Smoking
• A-sore that does not heal
• Radiation
• Viruses • U-nusual bleeding or discharge
• cancer-causing chemicals • T-hickening or lump min breast or
(carcinogens) elsewhere
• obesity • I- ndigestion or difficulty in
• hormones swallowing
• chronic inflammation • O- bvious change in wart or mole
• lack of exercise.
• N- aging cough or hoarseness

U- unexplained weight loss

P- ersistent horseness
•
 Risk Factors (chances Protective factors Possible Complications
of developing such disease)
Cardio- • Age. • Don't smoke. • Heart failure.
vascular • Sex. • Control other health • Heart attack.
Diseases • Family history conditions, such as high • Stroke.
• Smoking. . blood pressure, high • Aneurysm.
• Poor diet. cholesterol and diabetes. • Peripheral artery
• High blood pressure. • Exercise at least 30 disease.
• High blood cholesterol
levels. .
minutes a day on most • Sudden cardiac arrest.
days of the week.
• Diabetes. .
• Eat a diet that's low in
• Obesity.
• Physical inactivity.
salt and saturated fat.
• Stress. • Maintain a healthy
• Poor dental health. weight.
• Reduce and manage
stress.
• Practice good hygiene.
Cancer • Older age. • To help protect against • Pain can be caused
• A personal or family getting cancer, people by cancer or
history of cancer. should not smoke by cancer treatment,
• Using tobacco. tobacco though not all cancer is
• Obesity. • drink alcohol in painful. ...
• Alcohol. moderation • Fatigue. ...
• Some types of viral • have a healthy diet that
• Difficulty in breathing
infections, such as is high in fiber
human papillomavirus • Fresh fruits and • Nausea
(HPV) vegetables • Diarrhea /constipation.
• Specific chemicals. • low in fat intake • Weight loss
• Exposure to radiation, • Brain and nervous
including ultraviolet system problems.
radiation from the sun.

Activity: Explain the following briefly.

1. What are the causes of:
a. Cardiovascular Diseases

b. Cancer

2. How do you know that someone is having

a. Heart failure

b. Breast cancer

3. Why does someone suffer:

a. Hypertension or high blood pressure

b. Lung cancer

4. How can you prevent yourself from

a. Heart problems

b. Colon cancer

5. What are the possible complications if someone is having

a. Cardiovascular disease

b. Cancer