The Fourth Rwanda Mathematics Competition

Stage 1 - district elimination

Date: March 11th , 2022 Time limit: 3 hours

Please enter the following information in PRINT.

M 
NAME: GENDER:
F 

SCHOOL: CLASS:

INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS (please read it):

• For each of the following 30 multiple-choice questions mark with cross (×) the alternative an-
swer which you find is true. If you, at some point, want to change the marking add a clear note.
Only one of the alternatives A, B, C, D and E is true.
• No calculators, cellphones nor other electronic devices are allowed. Only paper, pen, eraser,
straightedge and compass.
• Please do not make any calculation on the problem pages. Those are only for answers. For your
own calculations use scratch papers.
• If you need additional paper or go to the toilet please raise your hand and wait until one of the
invigilators will approach you.
• Students communicating with each other during the test will be removed from the classroom.
• When the invigilators announces “TIME’S UP”, please collect your papers (with this page on
top) and hand them over immediately. Do NOT include scratch papers.
• Note that the total time allowed is 3 hours.

Wishing you Good Luck

Celestin Kurujyibwami, Layla Sorkatti and Paul Vaderlind.

DO NOT write in the boxes below please

Problems 3 points 4 points 5 points Total Score

Score /30 /40 /50 /120

 NAME: PART 1

Each correct answer will be awarded 3 points.

1. Elisabeth has 1188 stones. Half of them are blue, one quarter are red, and one sixth are green. How
many stones are of some other colors?

 (A) 91  (B) 99  (C) 101  (D) 122  (E) 137

2. What is the value of expression (1 − 2) − (3 − 4) − (5 − 6) − (7 − 8) − (9 − 10) − (11 − 12) ?

 (A) −6  (B) 0  (C) 4  (D) 6  (E) 13

3. An equilateral triangle ACD is rotated anti-clockwise around

point A. At what angle is it rotated after it covers triangle ABC
for the first time ?

 (A) 60◦  (B) 120◦  (C) 180◦  (D) 240◦

 (E) 300◦

4. In the cells of a 4 × 4 square (see the adjacent figure) one has to place
4 stones according to the following rules:
– one stone in each row;
– one stone in each column;
– if a cell contains a stone, then a stone in a diagonally neighboring
cell is not allowed.
In how many ways can this be done?

 (A) 0  (B) 1  (C) 2  (D) 4  (E) 24

5. The product of four different integers is 100. What is their sum?

 (A) 10  (B) 12  (C) 15  (D) 17  (E) 18

6. The triangle with the sides 4, 5 and 6 is divided into two triangles with equal perimeters by the line
drawn from the vertex of the smalest angle. What are the parts the side of the triangle is divided into?

 (A) 2.5 and 1.5  (B) 3 and 1  (C) 2 and 2  (D) 3.5 and 0.2  (E) 2.8 and 1.2

Page 2 of 7 The π-DAY

 7. We paint a wooden cube of side 4 cm in green color and then we cut it in cubes of side 1 cm each. The
number of those small cubes that have exactly two green faces is

 (A) 56  (B) 32  (C) 24  (D) 16  (E) 48

8. The sum of four consecutive numbers is equal to 1002. The sum of the digits of the greatest of these
numbers is:

 (A) 9  (B) 10  (C) 11  (D) 13  (E) 15

9. Olivia takes 2022 equally sized square pieces and places them side by side in a form of a rectangle.
How many different shapes can his rectangle have?

 (A) 1  (B) 2  (C) 3  (D) 4  (E) 5

10. How many triangles are there with side lengths being integers (whole numbers) and a perimeter of 12
cm?

 (A) 2  (B) 3  (C) 4  (D) 5  (E) more than 5

Page 3 of 7 The π-DAY

 NAME: PART 2

Each correct answer will be awarded 4 points.

1. What is the diameter of the circle in the picture?

 (A) 10  (B) 12  (C) 12.5  (D) 14

 (E) there is no unique answer

2. A man has a rectangular patio in his garden. He decides to enlarge it by increasing both length and
width by 10%. The percentage increase in area is

 (A) 10%  (B) 15%  (C) 21%  (D) 25%  (E) 30%

3. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC = 5 cm, and ∠BAC > 60◦ . The length of its perimeter
is a whole number of centimeters. How many such triangles are possible?

 (A) 1  (B) 2  (C) 3  (D) 4  (E) 5

4. Unit squares are used to build each pattern in the figure below. The first three patterns are shown in the
figure. Not including the black square hole inside, how many unit squares are needed to build the 10th
pattern in this sequence?

 (A) 76  (B) 80  (C) 84  (D) 88  (E) 92

5. In a quadrangle ABCD (see the adjacent figure) both angles C

D
BDA and CAB are 44◦ , the angle CAD is 37◦ , and the angles
ACD and DBC are equal. Find the size of the angle BCD.

 (A) 81◦  (B) 91◦  (C) 60◦  (D) 90◦

 (E) impossible to determine uniquely B A

Page 4 of 7 The π-DAY

 6. The adjacent figure shows a solid formed with 6 triangular faces.
At each vertex there is a number. For each face we consider the
sum of the three numbers at the vertices of that face. If all the sums
are the same and two of the numbers are 1 and 5 as shown, what is
the sum of all the five numbers?

 (A) 9  (B) 11  (C) 15  (D) 17  (E) 18

7. In triangle ABC with right angle at C, the altitude CH and the median CM trisect (divide in three
equal parts) the right angle. If the area of triangle CHM is S, then the area of triangle ABC is
√ √
 (A) 6S  (B) 4 2S  (C) 4 3S  (D) 3S  (E) 4S

8. 9 balls of radius r are placed as shown in the adjacent figure, and are tied
together with a tight strap. How long is the strap?

 (A) 12r  (B) 24r  (C) (16 + 2π)r

 (D) (16 + π)r  (E) (20 + 2π)r

9. If we divide the number of women who attend a meeting by the number of men, the result is exactly
0.24. What is the smallest number possible for the total attendance at the meeting?

 (A) 25  (B) 31  (C) 36  (D) 48  (E) 76

10. At the end of a chess tournament it is sure that the first three places will be occupied by Nadine, David
and Ambre. It is also possible that two of them, or even all three of them, will end equally. Two
examples of possible results are:

1. Nadine, 2. Ambre and David

1. David, 2. Nadine, 3 Ambre

How many results are possible in total?

 (A) 6  (B) 8  (C) 9  (D) 12  (E) 13

Page 5 of 7 The π-DAY

 NAME: PART 3

Each correct answer will be awarded 5 points.

1. In the adjacent picture ABCD is a square and two semicircles with

diameters AB and AD have been drawn. If AB = 2, what is the area
of the shaded region?
π
 (A) 1  (B) 2  (C) 2π  (D)
2
3
 (E)
4

2. Honorine has a large amount of building bricks which all have length 1
cm, width 2 cm and height 3 cm, as in the picture. What is the smallest
number of bricks she needs in order to build a cube?

 (A) 12  (B) 18  (C) 24  (D) 36

 (E) 60

3. The equilateral triangles ABC and DEF have perimeter 18 cm each.

We put one on the other such that their sides are parallel, as we can
see in the adjacent figure.
The perimeter of the hexagon GHIJKL is

 (A) 9 cm  (B) 12 cm  (C) 14 cm  (D) 18 cm

 (E) depends on how the triangles overlap

101 + 103 + 105 + · · · + 199

4. The value of the fraction is
1 + 3 + 5 + · · · + 99
 (A) 3  (B) 4  (C) 9  (D) 99  (E) none of these

5. The area of the triangle in the picture is 80 m2 and the radius of the
circles centered at the vertices is 2 m. What is the size, in m2 , of the
shaded area?

 (A) 76  (B) 80−2π  (C) 40−4π  (D) 80 − π

 (E) 78

Page 6 of 7 The π-DAY

 6. Christella has picked flowers. 15% are yellow, 35% are while and the rest are red. Later on she found
more yellow flowers so that now the amount of yellow flowers is the same as that of the red flowers plus
the yellow ones which she originally had. How many percent of the total amount of flowers is now red
flowers?

 (A) 12.5%  (B) 20%  (C) 25%  (D) 30%  (E) 33%

7. 5 girls are running in a running contest. Among them is Layla and her two friends. Layla will call
an order at the finish ”good” if she finishes before her two friends. How many good orders are there
possible for Layla?

 (A) 2  (B) 20  (C) 30  (D) 40  (E) 60

8. The average age of grandmother, grandfather and 7 grandchildren is 28 years. The average age of the
7 grandchildren is 15 years. Find the age of grandfather, if it is known that grandfather is 3 years older
than grandmother.

 (A) 71  (B) 72  (C) 73  (D) 74  (E) 75

9. If a and b are positive integers, neither of which is divisible by 10, and if ab = 10000 then the sum a + b
is

 (A) 1025  (B) 641  (C) 1528  (D) 2401  (E) 100

10. David and his three friends: Etienne, Nadine and Asafu, ate the whole birthday cake very fast. How
long did it take if it is known that David, Etienne and Nadine can eat the cake in 10 minutes, David,
Etienne and Asafu can eat it in 15 minutes, and Nadine and Asafu can eat it in 18 minutes?

 (A) 16 min  (B) 11.5 min  (C) 4.5 min  (D) 8 min  (E) 9 min

Page 7 of 7 The π-DAY

 Rwanda Mathematics Competition 2020
First Stage
Date: Febreuary 21st , 2020 Time limit: 3 hours

Please enter the following information in PRINT.

M 
NAME: GENDER:
F 

SCHOOL: CLASS:

INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS (please read it):

• In each question in PART ONE, PART TWO, and PART THREE cross (×) for the alternative
you find is true. Only one of the alternatives A, B, C, D and E is true.
• Write full solutions to ALL Open problems in PART FOUR.
• No calculators, cellphones nor other electronic devices are allowed.
• Please do not make any calculation on the problem pages. Those are only for answers or solutions.
For your own calculations use scratch papers.
• If you need additional paper or go to the toilet please raise your hand and wait until one of the
invigilators will approach you.
• Students communicating with each other during the test will be removed from the classroom.
• There are three questions in each category: Part 1 (2 points each), Part 2 (3 points each), Part 3 (4
points each) and Open problems (7 points each).
• When the invigilators announce “TIME’S UP” please collect your papers (with this page on top)
and hand them over immediately. Do NOT include scratch papers.
Wishing you Good Luck
Celestin Kurujyibwami, Japhet Niyobuhungiro, Layla Sorkatti and Paul Vaderlind.

DO NOT write in the boxes below please

Problems Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Total Score

Score /6 /9 /12 /21 /48

PART ONE. Each correct answer will be awarded 2 points.

1. Each block in the figure has the length a and the heights b. What
is the circumference of the figure?

 (A) 10a + 10b  (B) 12a + 10b

 (C) 15a + 15b  (D) 30a + 15b
 (E) None of the previous alternatives

2. The cells of a 20 × 20 grid are filled with numbers: the first row with 1, 2, 3, ..., 20, the next row with
21, 22, ..., 40 and so on. Which of the numbers below is in a cell having as one of the corners at the
midpoint of the grid?

 (A) 189  (B) 199  (C) 200  (D) 211  (E) 220

3. Innocent and Jeninah write poems. Each one writes two or three poems every day. During some period
of time Innocent wrote 43 poems while Jeninah wrote 61. How many days was this period of time?

 (A) 14  (B) 15  (C) 21  (D) 22  (E) 30

PART TWO. Each correct answer will be awarded 3 points.

4. How many four digits numbers 6 ∗ 4 ∗ are divisible by 36?

 (E) None of previ-

 (A) 1  (B) 2  (C) 3  (D) 4
ous alternatives

5. Alice has two markers of different colors and a sheet of paper on which a regular pentagon ABCDE
has been drawn. She wants to color the vertices of the pentagon using her markers so that the resulting
figure has no axes of symmetry. (An axes of symmetry is a line which divides a figure into two mirror
parts.) The number of ways Alice can do this is

 (E) None of previ-

 (A) 1  (B) 2  (C) 4  (D) 5
ous alternatives

Page 2 of 6 First stage

6. In 4ABC, M is the midpoint of BC, AM = M C, AT bisects
∠BAC and AT C = 56◦ , as shown in the figure below. What is
the size of ∠AM B? (The proportions in the figure here are not A
exact.)
56◦
 (A) 145  (B) 158 C T M B
 (C) 165  (D) 168
 (E) None of previous alternatives

PART THREE. Each correct answer will be awarded 4 points.

7. The quadrilateral Q = ABCD is circumscribed on a circle and AB : BC : CD = 2 : 3 : 5. The

circumference of Q is 42 cm. The length of the side AD is

 (A) 12  (B) 10  (C) 8

 (D) 6  (E) None of previous alternatives

8. Celestin has 3 baskets and each one contains exactly 4 balls of four different colors: red, blue, green
and white. All balls are of the same size. Suppose Celestin takes out randomly 1 ball from each basket.
The chance that he gets exactly 2 red balls is

1 9 1 3 25
 (A)  (B)  (C)  (D)  (E)
8 64 4 8 64

9. Nana is a magician. From the beginning she has 7 white balls and 7 black ones. When she says the
word ”aaa” 3 black balls disappear and 2 white ones appear (she can do it only if there are at least 3
black balls). If she says word ”eee” 4 white balls disappear and 9 black ones appear (she can do it only
if there are at least 4 white balls). After repeating her spells several times, it’s possible for Nana to end
up with

 (A) 2 white balls and 15 black ones  (B) 4 white balls and 14 black ones
 (C) 3 white balls and 11 black ones  (D) 7 white balls and 13 black ones
 (E) 10 white balls and 10 black ones

Page 3 of 6 First stage

PART FOUR: OPEN PROBLEMS. Each correct solution will be awarded 7 points.

10. Olivia wrote on the blackboard the numbers 1, 2, ..., n, for some positive integer n. Japhet erases two
consecutive numbers, add the remain numbers and get the sum 2020. What are the possible values of n?

Page 4 of 6 First stage

11. In the square ABCD a point E on the side AD and a point F on the side BC are chosen. Then a point
G inside the segment EF is chosen. Let H be the second point of intersection of circles circumscribed
on 4EGD and 4BGF . Prove that H lies on the diagonal BD.

D C

H
E G

A B

Page 5 of 6 First stage

12. Show that
1 a b

+ ≥ a + b − ab,
2 b a
for all positive real numbers a and b. When does the equality occur?

************ THE END ************

Page 6 of 6 First stage

 The Fifth Rwanda Mathematics Competition
Stage 1 - District Level
Date: February 10th , 2022 Time limit: 3 hours 10 min

Please enter the following information in PRINT.

M □
NAME: GENDER:
F □

SCHOOL: CLASS:

INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS (please read it carefully):

• For each of the following 30 multiple-choice questions mark with cross (×) the alternative an-
swer which you find is true. If you, at some point, want to change the marking add a clear note.
Only one of the alternatives A, B, C, D and E is true.
• No calculators, cellphones nor other electronic devices are allowed. Only paper, pen, eraser,
straightedge and compass.
• Please do not make any calculation on the problem pages. Those are only for answers. For your
own calculations use scratch papers.
• If you need additional paper or go to the toilet please raise your hand and wait until one of the
invigilators will approach you.
• Students communicating with each other during the test will be removed from the classroom.
• When the invigilators announces “TIME’S UP”, please collect your papers (with this page on
top) and hand them over immediately. Do NOT include scratch papers.
• Note that the total time allowed is 3 hours and 10 minutes.

Wishing you Good Luck

Celestin Kurujyibwami, Layla Sorkatti and Paul Vaderlind.

DO NOT write in the boxes below please

Problems 3 points 4 points 5 points Total Score

Score /30 /40 /50 /120

Each correct answer will be awarded 3 points.
1. How many positive divisors has the number 2022 ?

□ (A) 2 □ (B) 4 □ (C) 6 □ (D) 8 □ (E) 10

2. The star shown in the picture is made by fitting together 12 congruent equi-
lateral triangles. The perimeter of the star is 36 cm. What is the perimeter
of the grey hexagon?

□ (A) 6 □ (B) 12 □ (C) 18 □ (D) 24 □ (E) 30

3. Frodo delivers newspapers in Very Long street. He must deliver a paper to every house with an odd
house number. If the first house is number 15 and the last is number 53, to how many houses does
Frodo deliver?

□ (A) 20 □ (B) 21 □ (C) 24 □ (D) 25 □ (E) 30

4. In the picture the large square has an area of 1. What is the area of the
small black square?

□ (A) 1/100 □ (B) 1/300 □ (C) 1/600 □ (D) 1/900 □ (E) 1/1000

5. There are 10 blue, 5 green, and some red points on the line. Between any two points of one color there
is always a point of a different color. What greatest number of red points could there be on the line?

□ (A) 6 □ (B) 8 □ (C) 10 □ (D) 14 □ (E) 16

6. In a park there are some rabbits and dogs. The number of rabbits feet is double the size of the number
of dogs noses. The number of rabbits is . . . ??? . . . of the number of dogs.

□ (A) double the size □ (B) half the size □ (C) the same size
□ (D) a quarter the size □ (E) a sixth of the size.

Page 2 of 7
 7. In the diagram QSR is a straight line. ∠QP S = 12◦ and P Q =
P S = RS. How big is ∠QP R?

□ (A) 36◦ □ (B) 42◦ □ (C) 54◦ □ (D) 60◦ □ (E) 84◦

8. A lift can carry either 12 adults or 20 children. What is the maximum number of children that could
travel in the lift with 9 adults?

□ (A) 3 □ (B) 4 □ (C) 5 □ (D) 6 □ (E) 7

9. What is the minimum number of dots that must be taken away from the
picture so that no three of the remaining dots lie on a straight line?

□ (A) 2 □ (B) 3 □ (C) 4 □ (D) 5 □ (E) 6

10. Let a be a positive real number and suppose that we have three segments of length 1, a and 2a. For
which values of a those three segments make up sides of a triangle?
1 1
□ (A) <a<1 □ (B) 0 < a < □ (C) a > 1 □ (D) a > 0 □ (E) none
3 3

Page 3 of 7
Each correct answer will be awarded 4 points.

1. The fractions 1/3 and 1/5 are shown on the number line. In which position should 1/4 be shown?

□ (A) a □ (B) b □ (C) c □ (D) d □ (E) e

2. At a party there were 4 boys and 4 girls. Boys only danced with girls and girls only danced with boys.
At the end of the evening each person was asked how many people they had danced with. The boys
gave the answers 3, 1, 2, 2 and three of the girls answered 2. Which answer did the fourth girl give?

□ (A) 0 □ (B) 1 □ (C) 2 □ (D) 3 □ (E) 4

3. A number of oranges, peaches, apples and bananas are put down in a row. What is the minimum number
of fruits needed to lay them down so that each fruit lies next to each other fruit at least once in that row?

□ (A) 5 □ (B) 6 □ (C) 7 □ (D) 8 □ (E) 9

4. A cube is cut in three directions as shown, to produce eight cuboids (each

cut is parallel to one of the faces of the cube). What is the ratio of the total
surface area of the eight cuboids to the surface area of the original cube?

□ (A) 1 : 1 □ (B) 4 : 3 □ (C) 3 : 2 □ (D) 2 : 1 □ (E) 4 : 1

5. All factors of a number N (with the exception of 1 and N itself) are written down one after the other.
It turns out that the largest factor is 45 times as big as the smallest factor. For how many numbers N is
that true?

□ (A) 0 □ (B) 1 □ (C) 2 □ (D) more than 2 □ (E) impossible to determine

Page 4 of 7
 6. Two rectangles ABCD and DBEF are shown in the adjacent figure.
What is the area of the rectangle DBEF ?

□ (A) 10 cm2 □ (B) 12 cm2 □ (C) 14 cm2 □ (D) 15 cm2 □ (E) 16 cm2

7. A game starts with a sequence of two hundred zeroes. In the first round we add 1 to every number. In
the second round we add 1 to every second number. In the third round we add 1 to every third number
and so on. What number is on the 120th position after two hundred rounds?

□ (A) 12 □ (B) 16 □ (C) 20 □ (D) 24 □ (E) 32

8. In the quadrilateral P QRS the sides lengths are P Q = 2020, QR = 2022, RS = 2021 and SP =
2023. At which corners must the interior angle definitely be smaller than 180◦ ?

□ (A) P, Q, R □ (B) Q, R, S □ (C) P, Q, S □ (D) P, R, S □ (E) P, Q, R, S

9. The big equilateral triangle consists of 36 small equilateral triangles which

each have an area of 1 cm2 . Determine the area of triangle ABC.

□ (A) 11 cm2 □ (B) 12 cm2 □ (C) 15 cm2 □ (D) 9 cm2 □ (E) 10 cm2

10. In the multiplication of a three-digit number with a single-digit number P P Q × Q = RQ5Q, where
P , Q and R represent different digits. Then P + Q + R =

□ (A) 13 □ (B) 15 □ (C) 16 □ (D) 17 □ (E) 19

Page 5 of 7
Each correct answer will be awarded 5 points.
1. Which of the following sentences is a correct statement about the effect of squaring a number?

□ (A) it always increases □ (B) it always decreases □ (C) it always changes

□ (D) with one exception the number changes □ (E) with two exceptions the number changes

2. The average of 10 different positive integers is 10. What is the largest possible one among those 10
numbers?

□ (A) 10 □ (B) 45 □ (C) 50 □ (D) 55 □ (E) 91

3. How many three digits numbers are such that all digits are different, and that the first digit is equal to
the square of the quotient of the second and third digits?

□ (A) 1 □ (B) 2 □ (C) 3 □ (D) 4 □ (E) 6

4. In the Math Summer Camp in Huje a math competition was organized with 10 problems. Each correct
answer was worth 5 points, while 3 points were deducted for each incorrect answer. Everybody gave
answers to all the problems. Salome had 34 points, Ethan had 10 points and Merry had 2 points. How
many good answers did they together have?

□ (A) 17 □ (B) 18 □ (C) 15 □ (D) 13 □ (E) 21

5. In the adjacent figure there are nine regions inside the circles.
The numbers from 1 to 9 should be written in the regions so
that the sum of the numbers in each circle is exactly 11. Which
number must go into the region with the question mark?

□ (A) 5 □ (B) 6 □ (C) 7 □ (D) 8 □ (E) 9

Page 6 of 7
 6. How many 10-digit numbers exist that are solely made up of the digits 1, 2 and 3 (but not necessary all
of them) and where adjacent numbers always differ by exactly 1?

□ (A) 16 □ (B) 32 □ (C) 64 □ (D) 80 □ (E) 100

7. The diagram opposite shows a regular 9 sided polygon. What is the

size of the angle marked by X?

□ (A) 40◦ □ (B) 45◦ □ (C) 50◦ □ (D) 55◦ □ (E) 60◦

8. How many 0s have to replace the star ⋆ in the decimal number 1. ⋆ 1 to obtain a number that is smaller
than 2023/2022, but bigger than 20023/20022 ?

□ (A) 1 □ (B) 2 □ (C) 3 □ (D) 4 □ (E) 5

9. In village there are only nobles and liars. Each sentence that is spoken by a noble is true. Each one that
is spoken by a liar is false. One day some of them meet in a room and three speak as follows:
The first one says: “There are no more than three in this room. We are all liars.“
The second one says: “There are no more than four in this room. We are not all liars.“
The third one says: “In this room we are five. Three of us are liars.”
How many people are in the room and how many of them are liars?

□ (A) three people, one of which is a liar □ (B) four people, one of which is a liar
□ (C) four people, two of which are liars □ (D) five people, two of which are liars
□ (E) four people, three of which are liars

p
10. How many positive integers n satisfy the inequality 2018 < n(n + 1) < 2023 ?

□ (A) 1 □ (B) 2 □ (C) 3 □ (D) 4 □ (E) 5

Page 7 of 7
 The First Ethiopian Mathematical Competition
Stage 1 - Elimination
Date: November 19, 2022 Time Limit: 2 h 30 min

Please enter the following information in PRINT.

M 
NAME: GENDER:
F 

SCHOOL: CLASS:

INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS (please read it):

• In each question cross (×) for the alternative you find is true. Only one of the alternatives A, B,
C, D and E is true.
• No calculators, cellphones nor other electronic devices are allowed. Only paper, pen, eraser,
straightedge and compass.
• Please do not make any calculation on the problem pages. Those are only for answers. For your
own calculations use scratch papers.
• If you need additional paper or go to the toilet please raise your hand wait until one of the invigi-
lators will approach you.
• Students communicating with each other during the test will be removed from the classroom.
• There are five questions in each category: Easy (3 points each), Medium (5 points each) and Diffi-
cult (8 points each).
• When the invigilators announce “TIME’S UP” please collect your papers (with this page on top)
and hand them over immediately. Do NOT include scratch papers.
Wishing you Good Luck
Layla Sorkatti, Tilahun Abebaw and Paul Vaderlind

DO NOT write in the boxes below please

Problems Easy Medium Difficult Total Score

Score /15 /25 /40 /80

PART ONE. Each correct answer will be awarded 3 points.
1. What is the maximum value that the number a(b + c) − b(a + c) can have when a, b and c are distinct
integers greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10?

 (A) 80  (B) 81  (C) 84  (D) 90  (E) 100

2. Sonia has brought a basket with 120 strawberries for her three children, 4-year-old Eric, 7-year-old
Patrick and 9-year-old Jean. Sonia gives all strawberries to her children, using the following rule to di-
vide them between them: she gives to each child a number of strawberries which is the age of the child
multiplied by a certain factor. This factor is the same for all three children. How many strawberries will
Eric receive?

 (A) 20  (B) 21  (C) 22  (D) 24  (E) 30

10o
20o
60o 50o
3. In the figure on the side, what is the measure of the angle α?
 (A) 80  (B) 75  (C) 70  (D) 60
 (E) It cannot be determined

4. Twenty soft square cushions are piled one over the other. Each cushion weighs 500 g, is 30 cm thick,
and reduces by 2 cm for each kilo on it. How high is the pile of cushions?

 (E) It can not be

 (A) 239 cm  (B) 410 cm  (C) 490 cm  (D) 581 cm
determined

5. How many multiples of 5 are there among all 4-digits numbers with digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ? (The same
digit may appear more than once)

 (A) 432  (B) 396  (C) 360  (D) 216  (E) 180

Page 2 of 4
PART TWO. Each correct answer will be awarded 5 points.
6. The right-angled trapezoid ABCD contains a circle of radius 1 m, tangent to all its sides. Knowing that

D C

7cm

the side BC is 7 m long, find the area of the trapezoid. A B

 (E) It can not be

 (A) 10  (B) 8  (C) 9  (D) 11
determined

7. Ten friends decide to play a football game, five against five. There are two triples of brothers, and each
wants to be with his two brothers in the same team. In how many different ways can the friends team up?

 (A) 3  (B) 6  (C) 15  (D) 24  (E) 30

8. Dodo is about to take his last written essay in maths. He is easy about it because he knows that, if he
scores 10 (out of 10), then his average mark will be 9, if he scores 5, then his average mark will be 8.
How many essays has Dodo already taken in this school year?

 (E) It cannot be
 (A) 4  (B) 5  (C) 2  (D) 3
determined

9. How many positive integers n are there such that n3 + 2n2 + n is a perfect square?

 (A) Incomplete/Wrong question  (B) No such integer exists  (C) One

 (D) More than one but less than 2022  (E) None of the previous answers

10. Let ABC be a triangle and let BD be the bisector of the ∠ABC. It is known that the line segments
AB, BD and DC have the same length. What are the angles of the triangle ABC?

 (A) 60, 60, 60 degrees  (B) 45, 60, 75 degrees  (C) 30, 45, 105 degrees,
 (D) 72, 72, 36 degrees  (E) 36, 36, 108 degrees

Page 3 of 4
PART THREE. Each correct answer will be awarded 8 points.
q √ q √
11. The computation of 3+ 5− 3− 5 gives

√ √ √ q √
 (A) 6  (B) 2 5  (C) 2  (D) 2  (E) 6−2 5

√
12. If the roots of the equations ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 and bx2 − 4 ac x + b = 0 are simultaneously real, then
one can deduce that

 (E) None of the

 (A) b2 ≥ ac  (B) 4ac ≥ b2  (C) a = 21 b = c  (D) a = b = c
previous

13. Eric’s book has 73 leaves with pages numbered from 1 to 146. Eric tears out seven of the leaves from
this book. Is it possible that the sum of the page-numbers removed from this book is

 (A) 90  (B) 110  (C) 121  (D) 132  (E) None of these

14. There is a regular hexagon of side length 1, whose vertices are labelled by A, B, C, D, E, F clockwise.
Let X be the intersections of the line segment AC with the line segments BF and Y be the intersections
of the line segment AC with the line segment BD. What is the distance between X and Y .

√ √ √ √
3 3 2 3 1 3
 (A)  (B)  (C)  (D)  (E)
3 6 3 2 2

1
15. Which of the following alternatives A, B, C, D, E is less or equal (≤) to + x2 for every real number
6
x.

2  (E) None of the

r
1 1 1
 (A) + x2  (B) − √ x  (C) ( + x2 )2  (D) +x
6 3 6 6 four alternatives

************ THE END ************

Page 4 of 4
 The First East African Mathematical Olympiad
Date: April 20, 2023 Time limit: 3.5 hours

Please enter the following information in PRINT.

COUNTRY:

F □
NAME: GENDER:
M □

INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS (please read it):

• Write full solutions to ALL questions.
• No calculators, cellphones nor other electronic devices are allowed. Only paper, pen, eraser,
straightedge and compass.
• Please, write your solutions ONLY on one side of the paper and use different papers for each
problem!
• If you need additional paper or go to the toilet, please raise your hand wait until one of the invigi-
lators will approach you.
• Students communicating with each other during the test will be removed from the classroom.
• When the invigilators announce “TIME’S UP” please collect your papers (with this page on top)
and hand them over immediately. Do NOT include scratch papers.
• Each answer will be awarded with up to 7 points.
• Please write your name on every paper you submit.

Wishing you Good Luck

Celestin Kurujyibwami, Diletta Martinelli and Paul Vaderlind
 PROBLEMS

1. Two cylindrical candles have the same length but are made of different material. The burning speed is
therefore different. The first one burns in 4 hours, the second one in 5 hours. Candles are ignited at the
same time. At what time one should ignite them so the length of one of candles is twice the length of
the second one at 21 : 00 (09 : 00 PM) ?

2. A palindrome-number is a positive integer which is the same when reading from right to left or from
left to right, for example the number 4704074. How many five-digits palindrome-numbers are divisible
by 37? (The first digit in a five digits number is not 0.)

3. Let Γ be a circle with the center at point O and let AB be a cord in Γ not passing through O. Let now
C be a point different from A and B, lying on the circumcircle of △ABO. Let finally D be the point
of intersection (different from A) between the line AC and Γ. Show that the △BCD is isosceles.

4. An Airbus A320 airplane has 56 rows with 6 seats in each row. What is the largest number of passengers
this plane can take if no two rows have exactly the same set of seats occupied?

5. Solve the system of equations for non-negative real numbers x, y, z and t:

√3
yzt


 x=



 y+√ z+t
3
xzt


y =


x+√ z+t .
3
 xyt

 z=
x√+y+t





 3 xyz
t =

x+y+z