10
NATIONAL MATH PROGRAM
Lesson Script in Mathematics
Quarter 1 Week 7
Learning Activity Sheet for Mathematics Grade 10
Quarter 1: Week 7
This material is intended exclusively for the use of teachers in the implementation of the K to 12 Curriculum. It aims to assist in delivering the curriculum content,
standards, and lesson competencies.
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Published by the Department of Education
Development Team
Writer: Mark Angelo M. Sibayan
Content Reviewer: Lambert G. Quezada, Dominador Villafria, Marilyn B. Soriano,
Alberto J. Tiangco, Mirasol I. Rongavilla, Joel P. Feliciano,
Emma R. Cunanan, Remylinda T. Soriano and Helen Acedo
Illustrator: Micah M. Melorin & Kurt Russel M. Linao
Layout Artist: Kurt Russel M. Linao, Anthony James H. Vizmanos
Language Editor: Rachelle R. Quesada
Management Team
JOYCE DR ANDAYA CESO IV, Director IV
CRISTITO A. ECO CESO III, Assistant Regional Director
MICAH G. PACHECO, OIC-Chief Education Supervisor-CLMD
DENNIS M. MENDOZA, Regional LR Education Program Supervisor
RESTITUTO I. RODELAS, OIC-Regional Mathematics Education Program Supervisor
ALBERTO J. TIANGCO, Mathematics Education Program Supervisor
LAMBERT G. QUESADA, Mathematics Education Program Supervisor
WILMA Q. DEL ROSARIO, LR Education Program Supervisor
JONAS FELICIANO C. DOMINGO, LR Education Program Supervisor
IVY CONEY GAMATERO, LR Education Program Supervisor
PRECY M. PAURILLO, LR Education Program Supervisor
MATATAG School Grade Level 10
K to 10 Curriculum Name of Teacher Learning Area Mathematics
Daily Lesson Script Teaching Dates and Time Quarter 1
Week 7 DAY 27
I. CURRICULUM CONTENT, STANDARDS, AND LESSON COMPETENCIES
The learners should have knowledge and understanding of absolute value equations and inequalities in one
A. Content Standards
variable and their graphs.
By the end of the quarter, the learners are able to:
B. Performance
• solve absolute value equations in one variable and absolute value inequalities in one variable and
Standards
graph the solutions. (NA)
C. Learning The learners will be able to:
Competencies • solve absolute value equations in one variable and express solutions in various notations.
At the end of the lesson, the learners are able to:
D. Learning Objectives
• solve absolute value equations in one variable and express solutions in various notations.
E. Instructional Design Context, Ideational, Explore
framework feature (s)
F. 21st Century Skills Learning and Innovation Skills – Problem Solving
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
Intermediate Algebra for College Students by R. Blitzer, pages 275-276
A. References
Algebra 2 by Holliday, Luchin, Cuevas, Carter, Marks, Day, Casey, and Hayek, pages 30 – 32
B. Other Learning
Intermediate Algebra Connecting Concepts through Applications by M. Clark and C. Anfinson, pages 176
Resources
1
IV. TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCEDURES
Before/Pre-Lesson Proper
Good day everyone!
Today, we will stay positive because we will be dealing with absolute value equations. Are you excited to
learn a new thing today? Okay, let us start by performing this task.
Intervention Group Consolidation Group Enhancement Group
The absolute value of x is written The absolute value of x is written The absolute value of x is written
as |𝑥|. It has the following as |𝑥|. It has the following as |𝑥|. It has the following
properties: properties: properties:
If 𝑥 ≥ 0, then |𝑥| = 𝑥. If 𝑥 ≥ 0, then |𝑥| = 𝑥. If 𝑥 ≥ 0, then |𝑥| = 𝑥.
If 𝑥 ≤ 0, then |𝑥| = −𝑥. If 𝑥 ≤ 0, then |𝑥| = −𝑥. If 𝑥 ≤ 0, then |𝑥| = −𝑥.
Answer the following items to Answer the following items below. Answer the following items below.
decode what’s the hidden
Activating Prior Knowledge message.
1. |−9| 1. |−11|
3 minutes
𝐵: |𝑥| = 5 2. |32| 2. |68|
𝐸: |𝑥| = 0 3. |43| 3. |91|
𝐼: |𝑥| = −2 4. |−12| 4. |−78|
𝑂: |𝑥| = 11 5. |90| 5. |24|
𝑃: |−99| 6. |𝑥| = 21 6. |𝑥| = 1
𝑆: |74|
7. |𝑥| = −9 7. |𝑥| = −5
𝑇: |8|
|−17| 8. |𝑥| = 15 8. |𝑥| = 73
𝑉:
9. |𝑥| = −12 9. |𝑥| = −39
__ __ 10. |𝑥| = 27 10. |𝑥| = 84
5 𝑜𝑟 − 5 0
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟:
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
99 11 𝑜𝑟 − 11 74 ∅ 8 ∅ 17 0
1. |−9| = 9 1. |−11| = 11
2. |32| = 32 2. |68| = 68
3. |43| = 43 3. |91| = 91
2
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 4. |−12| = 12 4. |−78| = 78
5. |90| = 90 5. |24| = 24
𝐵: |𝑥| = 5, 𝑥 ∈ {5, −5} 6. |𝑥| = 21, 𝑥 ∈ {21, −21} 6. |𝑥| = 11, 𝑥 ∈ {1, −1}
𝐸: |𝑥| = 0, 𝑥 = 0
7. |𝑥| = −9, 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, ∅ 7. |𝑥| = −5, 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, ∅
𝐼: |𝑥| = −2, 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, ∅
𝑂: |𝑥| = 11, 𝑥 ∈ {11, −11} 8. |𝑥| = 15, 𝑥 ∈ {15, −15} 8. |𝑥| = 73, 𝑥 ∈ {73, −73}
𝑃: |−99| = 99 9. |𝑥| = −12, 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, ∅ 9. |𝑥| = −39, 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, ∅
𝑆: |74| = 74 10. |𝑥| = 27, 𝑥 ∈ {27, −27} 10. |𝑥| = 84, 𝑥 ∈ {84, −84}
𝑇: |8| = 8
𝑉: |−17| = 17
B E
5 𝑜𝑟 − 5 0
P O S I T I V E
99 11 𝑜𝑟 − 11 74 ∅ 8 ∅ 17 0
Learning about absolute value equations is important for several reasons, both in practical applications and
Lesson Purpose/Intention in developing a deeper understanding of mathematics. Today, you need to learn on how to solve an absolute
1 minute
value equation and express the solutions in various notations.
An absolute value equation in the form |𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃| = 𝒄 has the following properties:
• If 𝑐 < 0,|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐 has no solution.
Lesson Language Practice • If 𝑐 = 0,|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐 has one solution.
1 minute • If 𝑐 > 0,|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐 has two solutions.
For any algebraic expressions, 𝑢 and 𝑣, if |𝑢| = |𝑣|, then: 𝑢 = 𝑣 or 𝑢 = −𝑣.
3
During/Lesson Proper
Julian will win a prize if the carnival worker cannot guess his weight to
within 3 kilograms. Nobody knows that Julian weighs 62 kilograms.
Unistructural Question
What are the highest and lowest weights that the carnival guesser can
guess to keep Julian from winning a prize.
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: Highest – 65, Lowest – 59
www.canva.com
Intervention Group Consolidation Group Enhancement Group
Answer the following questions. Which of the following given Answer the given problem.
solutions is the correct solution for Give at least 1 situation which
1. If you are the carnival worker and the given problem? Explain why. involves absolute value
your first guess to Julian’s weight is equation.
Reading the Key Idea/Stem 70 kilograms, will you win or lose? What are the highest and lowest
3 minutes weights that the carnival guesser 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟:
2. How many do you think are the can guess to keep Julian from
correct guesses to win against winning a prize. |62 − 𝑥| = 3
Julian? List all the correct guesses. 62 − 𝑥 = 3
𝑥 = 59
3. What are the highest and lowest Solution |𝑥 − 3| = 62 62 − 𝑥 = −3
weights that the carnival guesser 1 𝑥 − 3 = 62 𝑥 = 65
can guess to keep Julian from 𝑥 = 65 𝑥 = 59 or 𝑥 = 65
winning a prize? 𝑥 − 3 = −62
𝑥 = −59 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑦 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑦
4. What absolute equation can best 𝑥 = 65 or 𝑥 = −59
illustrate the highest and lowest Solution |62 − 𝑥| = 3
weights? 2 62 − 𝑥 = 3
𝑥 = 59
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 62 − 𝑥 = −3
𝑥 = 65
1. I’ll lose. 𝑥 = 59 or 𝑥 = 65
2. 7, {59,60,61,62,63,64,65}
4
3. Highest – 65, Lowest – 59 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟:
4. |62 − 𝑥| = 3
Solution 2 is correct because it has
a correct equation, and both have
positive results.
Highest – 65, Lowest – 59
Given the following absolute value equations, which one will produce no solution? one solution? two
solutions? infinite many solutions?
|𝑥 − 3| = 9 |2𝑥 − 8| = −6 |𝑥 − 7| = 0 |2𝑥 − 1| = 2𝑥 − 1 |2𝑥 − 1| = −(2𝑥 − 1)
A while ago, we discuss that the absolute value equation in the form |𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃| = 𝒄 has the following
properties:
• If 𝑐 < 0,|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐 has no solution.
• If 𝑐 = 0,|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐 has one solution.
• If 𝑐 > 0,|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐 has two solutions.
The first three given absolute value equations are all in the form |𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| = 𝑐, so we will only look for the
value of 𝑐 in the equation to determine how many solutions are there.
Developing Understanding of
the Key Idea/Stem In |𝑥 − 3| = 9, 𝑐 = 9 and it is greater than 0, 𝑐 > 0, so it has two solutions. When we solve this, we will really
10 minutes have two solutions.
|𝑥 − 3| = 9
𝑥−3=9 𝑥 − 3 = −9
𝑥 = 12 𝑥 = −6
𝑥 = 12 or 𝑥 = −6
Checking: |𝑥 − 3| = 9 |𝑥 − 3| = 9
|12 − 3| = 9 |−6 − 3| = 9
|9| = 9 |−9| = 9
9=9 9=9
In |2𝑥 − 8| = −6, 𝑐 = −6 and it is less than 0, 𝑐 < 0, so it has no solution. When we solve this, we will really
have no solution.
|2𝑥 − 8| = −6
2𝑥 − 8 = −6 2𝑥 − 8 = −(−6)
𝑥=1 𝑥=7
5
Checking: |2𝑥 − 8| = −6 |2𝑥 − 8| = −6
|2(1) − 8| = −6 |2(7) − 8| = −6
|−6| = −6 |6| = −6
6 = −6 6 = −6
Since the values of 𝑥 do not satisfy the original absolute value equation, these solutions are extraneous by
nature so we will not accept these as solutions. There is a solution in |2𝑥 − 8| = −6.
In |𝑥 − 7| = 0, 𝑐 = 0 so it has one solution. When we solve this, we will really have one solution.
|𝑥 − 7| = 0
𝑥−7=0
𝑥=7
Checking: |𝑥 − 7| = 0
|7 − 7| = 0
|0| = 0
0=0
In the case of |2𝑥 − 1| = 2𝑥 − 1, we will use the definition of the absolute value. The absolute value of x is
written as |𝑥|. It has the following properties:
If 𝑥 ≥ 0, then |𝑥| = 𝑥.
If 𝑥 ≤ 0, then |𝑥| = −𝑥.
Since the given equation falls on the first property, we have
2𝑥 − 1 ≥ 0
2𝑥 ≥ 1
!
𝑥≥"
We can use different notations to denote our solutions. The table below shows the summary of different
notations we can use for each of the given absolute value equations.
Absolute Value Solutions
Equation Set Builder Notation Roster Method Interval Notation
|𝑥 − 3| = 9 𝑥 = 12 or 𝑥 = −6 {𝑥|𝑥 = 12 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −6} 𝑥 = {−6,12}
|2𝑥 − 8| = −6 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ∅} 𝑥 = { } 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = ∅ 𝑜𝑟 𝑥
= {∅}
6
|𝑥 − 7| = 0 𝑥=7 {𝑥|𝑥 = 7} 𝑥 = {7}
|2𝑥 − 1| = 2𝑥 − 1 1 1 1
𝑥≥ {𝑥|𝑥 ≥ } _ , +∞)
2 2 2
NOTES TO TEACHER: There are some sets that cannot be written in Roster Method or in Interval
Notation.
Let’s Practice!
Answer the following task.
Intervention Group Consolidation Group Enhancement Group
Solve the problem below. Solve the problem below. Solve the problem below.
Some say that to brew an A machine fills bags with about The troposphere is the layer of
excellent cup of coffee, you must 500 grams of sugar each. After the atmosphere closest to Earth. The
have a brewing temperature of bags are filled, another machine average upper boundary of the
93°𝐶, plus or minus 2 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠. weighs them. If the bag weighs 9 layer is about 13 kilometers above
Write and solve an equation grams more or less than the Earth’s surface. This height varies
describing the maximum and desired weight, the bag is rejected. with latitude and with the seasons
minimum brewing temperatures Write an equation to find the by as much as 5 kilometers. Write
Deepening Understanding of
for an excellent cup of coffee. heaviest and lightest bags the and solve an equation describing
the Key Idea/Stem
3 minutes machine will approve. the maximum and minimum
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: heights of the upper bound of the
|93 − 𝑥| = 2 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: troposphere.
93 − 𝑥 = 2 93 − 𝑥 = −2 |500 − 𝑥| = 9
𝑥 = 91 or 𝑥 = 95 500 − 𝑥 = 9 500 − 𝑥 = −9
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟:
𝑥 = 491 or 𝑥 = 509 |13 − 𝑥| = 5
The maximum and minimum 13 − 𝑥 = 5 13 − 𝑥 = −5
brewing temperatures for an The heaviest and lightest bags the 𝑥=8 or 𝑥 = 18
excellent cup of coffee are 95℃ and machine will approve are 491
91℃, respectively. grams and 509 grams, The maximum and minimum heights of
respectively. the upper bound of the troposphere
are 18 kilometers and 8 kilometers,
respectively.
7
After/Post-Lesson Proper
The absolute value of a real number 𝑛, |𝑛|, is the distance from zero to 𝑛 on a real number line. If 𝑛 is a
positive real number and 𝑢 is any algebraic expression, then |𝑢| = 𝑛 has two solutions 𝑢 = 𝑛 or 𝑢 = −𝑛. If 𝑛 is
negative, then the equation |𝑢| = 𝑛 has no real solution. If 𝑛 is zero, then 𝑢 = 0.
Making Generalization and
Abstractions Solving Absolute Value Equations
2 minutes ● Isolate the expression containing the absolute value.
● Rewrite the equation as two equations.
● Solve each equation.
● Check the solutions in the original absolute value equation.
To assess what you’ve learned so far in the lesson, answer the following task.
Intervention Group Consolidation Group Enhancement Group
Solve each equation. Express your Solve each equation. Express your Solve each equation. Express your
answer in at least 2 notations. answer in at least 2 notations. answer in at least 2 notations.
1. |𝑥 − 25| = 17 1. 0 = |2𝑧 − 3| 1. −6 = |𝑎 − 3 | − 14
2. |𝑦 + 9| = 21 2. |6𝑐 − 1| = 0 2. 3|𝑝 − 5| = 2𝑝
3. 33 = |𝑎 + 12| 3. −12|9𝑥 + 1| = 144 3. 3|2𝑎 + 7 | = 3𝑎 + 12
4. 11 = |3𝑥 + 5| 4. 1 = |5𝑥 + 9| + 6 4. |3𝑥 − 7| − 5 = −3
5. 8|𝑤 − 7| = 72 5. 35 = 7|4𝑥 − 13| 5. 16𝑡 = 4|3𝑡 + 8|
Evaluating Learning 6. 2|𝑏 + 4| = 48 6. −9 = −3|2𝑛 + 5| 6. −2𝑚 + 3 = |15 + 𝑚|
4 minutes
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟:
1. 𝑥 ∈ {8, 42} or $
1. 𝑧 ∈ {"| or {𝑧|𝑧 = 7} 1. 𝑎 ∈ {11, −5} or
{𝑥|𝑥 = 8 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 42} ! {𝑎|𝑎 = 11 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = −5}
2. 𝑐 ∈ { | or {𝑐|𝑐 = 7} 2. 𝑝 ∈ {3, 15}
2. 𝑦 ∈ {12, −30} or #
{𝑦|𝑦 = 12 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −6} 3. 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑥 ∈ {∅} {𝑝|𝑝 = 3 𝑜𝑟 𝑝 = 15}
3. 𝑎 ∈ {21, −45} or 4. 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑥 ∈ {∅}
% !!
{𝑎|𝑎 = 12 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = −6} 5. 𝑥 ∈ {2, "| or 3. 𝑎 ∈ {−3, − |
!# $
4. 𝑥 ∈ {2, − | or 9 16
$ {𝑥|𝑥 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = } {𝑎|𝑎 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = − }
2 3
8
16 6. 𝑛 ∈ {−1, −4} or &
4. 𝑥 ∈ {3, $|
{𝑥|𝑥 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = − }
3 16
{𝑛|𝑛 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑛 = − } 5
5. 𝑤 ∈ {−2, 16} or 3 {𝑥|𝑥 = 3 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = }
3
{𝑤|𝑤 = 12 𝑜𝑟 𝑤 = −6}
5. 𝑡 ∈ {8}
6. 𝑏 ∈ {20, −28} or
{𝑡|𝑡 = 7}
{𝑏|𝑏 = 12 𝑜𝑟 𝑏 = −6}
6. 𝑥 ∈ {−4}
{𝑥|𝑥 = 7}
Determine whether each statement is sometimes, always, or never true. Explain your reasoning.
If 𝑎 and 𝑏 are real numbers, then |𝑎 + 𝑏| = |𝑎| + | 𝑏|.
Additional Activities for If 𝑎, 𝑏, and 𝑐 are real numbers, then 𝑐|𝑎 + 𝑏| = |𝑐𝑎 + 𝑐𝑏|.
Application or Remediation (if
applicable) 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟:
Sometimes true, the equation does not hold true if either 𝑎 < 0 or 𝑏 < 0 but not both.
Always true, the equation holds true for all real numbers.
Remarks
Reflection
