In the management of COPD, which of the following statement is TB Murray

INcorrect:
a. vitamin E acetate, an additive in some THC-containing e- Antonella Barba is a filipino who immigrated to the USA from the
cigarettes, was strongly linked to the EVALI outbreak Philippines for the last 3 years was advised for TST as part of LTBI
b. Contraindication to nicotine replacement therapy after acute screening.
coronary syndrome remains unclear and the evidence suggests that Noted was an induration on her forearm. The following is true in
this treatment can and should be started > 4 weeks after a interpretation of results
cardiovascular event
c. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is indicated for stable patients A. >/= 5mm is considered cut off to be positive
who have PaO2 at or below 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa) or SaO2 at or below B. >/= 10 mm is considered cut off to be positive
88%, with or without hypercapnia confirmed twice over a three-week C. >/= 15 mm s considered cut off to be positive
period D. She is not eligible for LTBI
d. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is indicated for stable patients
who have PaO2 between 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa) and 60 mmHg (8.0
kPa), or SaO2 of 88%, if there is evidence of pulmonary Non-pharmacological management for COPD group A
hypertension, peripheral edema suggesting congestive cardiac A. Smoking cessation
failure, or polycythemia (hematocrit > 55%) B. Pulmo rehab
C. A and B
D. None of the above

Role of bronchodilator in COPD: Copd vaccination : The only evidence A gold vaccine
a. reduce dynamic hyperinflation at rest and during exercise, and recommnedation for copd
improve exercise performance. The extent of these changes,
especially in patients with severe and very severe COPD, is easy to A. Ppsv 23
predict from the improvement in FEV1 measured at rest B. Pcv 13/15
b. Bronchodilators are medications that increase FEV1 and/or change C. dTap
other spirometric variables by altering airway smooth muscle tone D. RSV
and the improvements in expiratory flow reflect widening of the E. None of the above
airways rather than changes in lung elastic recoil
c. Bronchodilator dose-response (FEV1 change) curves are relatively Copd covid: The spike protein of the virus binds to ACE2
steep with all classes of bronchodilators (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) during viral attachment to host
d. Use of short acting bronchodilators on a regular basis may be cells
recommended and that viral entry is also facilitated by transmembrane protease
serine 2 (TMPRSS2).(438 Differencesin the
expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 may modulate the individual
Most reproducilbe and objective measurement for air flow obstruction susceptibility to and clinical course of SARS-CoV-2
a. Simple spirometry infection.
b. Forced spirometry
c. Spirometry with pre and post brocj measurement ACE2 mRNA expression is increased in COPD, are further increased
d. Spirometry with Lung volumes and DLCO in the following condition except

A. COPD patients with a higher bmi

Definition of Chronic Bronchitis B. more frequent exacerbation
chronic cough and sputum production for at least 3 months per year C. Taking ICS
for two consecutive years, in the absence D. None of the above
of other conditions that can explain these symptoms (an important
caveat that is often ignored What is the surrogate marker for Total lung capacity?
A. Forced expiratory volume
[TB: Murray] B. Forced expiratory volume / forced vital capacity
Lia Thomas had an uninterpretable IGRA result. What should be the C. Forced vital capacity
next step? D. Tidal volume
A. Do a TST and interpret accordingly
B. Repeat IGRA and interpret accordingly
C. Repeat IGRA and do TST at the same time [Resp Mechanics- Murray]
D. Uninterpretable IGRA should be not be used in analysis as this
could be a false positive Which of th e following statements NEGATES the features of Arterial
PO2? (Murray & Nadel’s 7th edition, Chapter 44, Page 578)
A. It indicates how much oxygen is carried in the blood.
B. This is the partial pressure, or tension, of the oxygen in equilibrium
Which is correct among the following regarding LTBI regimen? with the arterial blood.
A. All LTBI patients should undergo baseline Liver function test as C. The difference between the average alveolar partial pressure of
LTBI are associated with hepatotoxicity oxygen and the arterial Po2 is a measure of the efficiency of
B. Isoniazid based treatment is superior than Rifamycin based oxygenation (A-a) PO2.
regimen D. The partial pressure is detected by the carotid body.
C. Ultrashort regimen (1HP) regimen is thought to be inferior than
current regimens and is not advised for HIV patients [ARDS-Murray]
D. Pregnancy is not a contraindication for LTBI prophylaxis What is the main pathology seen in the lungs of patients with ARDS?
A. Pulmonary edema
[TUBERCULOSIS - NTP] B. Pulmonary fibrosis
Situations considered as off-label use of anti-TB drugs that should be C. Atelectasis
presented to TB MAC, EXCEPT: D. Diffuse Alveolar Damage

A. Use of bedaquiline and delamanid in combination

B. Use of bedaquiline and/or delamanid for less than 24 weeks (6 [TUBERCULOSIS - NTP]
mos) For HIV Positive MDR TB patients with profound immunosuppression
C. Use of bedaquiline and delamanid in EPTB (e.g. CD4 less then 50) within how many weeks of TB treatment
D. Use bedaquiline in children less than 6yrs old and pregnant should ART be started?
E. Use of delamanid in less than 3 yrs old and pregnant
A. 1 week
B. 2 weeks
C. 4 weeks B. 60%
D. 8 weeks C. 70%
D. 80%
In patients with COPD pathological changes can be found in the
following.. 4 factors in determining infectiousness
A. airways 1. Forced expiratory maneuver such as coughing, sneezing, yelling
B. Lung parenchyma 2. Bacillary population in the lungs determined by extent and
C. pulmonary vasculature morphology of the disease
D. A and B only -Solid nodular lesions- 10^2‐ 10^4 organisms
E. All of the above -Cavitary lesions- 10^7‐10^9 organisms

The ff biomarkers are used for diagnosis of pleural TB except 3. Use of anti TB drugs
A. Gene xpert -99.9% reduction of colony counts in 2 weeks of tx
B. Ada -40% reduction of cough in 1 week of tx
C. IFN gamma -65% reduction of cough in 2 weeks of tx
D. IL27
E. none of the above 4. Type of MTB strain

Dixie Mae LCP, [Jun 25, 2024 at 8:50:06 PM (Jun 25, 2024 at In the management of COPD, which of the following statement is
9:57:45 PM)]: INcorrect:
[TUBERCOLOSIS - NTP] a. vitamin E acetate, an additive in some THC-containing e-
cigarettes, was strongly linked to the EVALI outbreak
How many days from diagnosis should MDR and DRTB treatment be b. Contraindication to nicotine replacement therapy after acute
started? coronary syndrome remains unclear and the evidence suggests that
this treatment can and should be started > 4 weeks after a
A. 5 cardiovascular event
B. 7 c. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is indicated for stable patients
C. 10 who have PaO2 at or below 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa) or SaO2 at or below
D. 14 88%, with or without hypercapnia confirmed twice over a three-week
period
Edit d. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is indicated for stable patients
Answer: B who have PaO2 between 55 mmHg (7.3 kPa) and 60 mmHg (8.0
Winner: Precious Gomez kPa), or SaO2 of 88%, if there is evidence of pulmonary
hypertension, peripheral edema suggesting congestive cardiac
failure, or polycythemia (hematocrit > 55%)
[TUBERCOLOSIS - NTP]
Role of bronchodilator in COPD:
Exclusion Criteria for SSOR : a. reduce dynamic hyperinflation at rest and during exercise, and
A. Disseminated TB or severe/intractable EPTB improve exercise performance. The extent of these changes,
B. Confirmed resistance to fluroquinolone especially in patients with severe and very severe COPD, is easy to
C. Exposure to levofloxacin/moxifloxacin, bedaquiline, clofazimine , predict from the improvement in FEV1 measured at rest
prothionamide for > 1month b. Bronchodilators are medications that increase FEV1 and/or change
D. Risk of toxicity or intolerance to any drugs in SSOR other spirometric variables by altering airway smooth muscle tone
E. All of the above and the improvements in expiratory flow reflect widening of the
airways rather than changes in lung elastic recoil
[TUBERCULOSIS] c. Bronchodilator dose-response (FEV1 change) curves are relatively
Which of the ff is generally not accepted to reduce TB incidence? steep with all classes of bronchodilators
A. Bcg vaccine d. Use of short acting bronchodilators on a regular basis may be
B. Treatment of LTBI recommended
C. Infection control

Which of the ff drugs can be used as a tx to MDR LTBI? (more than 1

answer)
A. Isoniazid
B. Rifampicin
C. Pyrazinamide
D. Ethambutol
E. Fluoroquinolone

[TUBERCULOSIS]
Which of the following patients with skin test conversion (TST or
IGRA) should receive TB preventive therapy? This is the definition
also of skin test conversion:

A. Increase in size of 10mm or more within 2 years in persons

younger than 35y/o; increase in size of 15mm or more for persons
more than 35y/o
B. Increase in size of 10mm or more within 2 years in persons
younger than 40y/o; increase in size of 15mm or more for persons
more than 40y/o
C. Increase in size of 5mm within 2 years in persons younger than
35y/o; increase in size of 5mm or more for persons more than 35y/o
D. Increase in size of 10mm or more within 3 years in persons
younger than 35y/o; increase in size of 15mm or more for persons
more than 35y/o

[TUBERCUSLOSIS]
Overall, isoniazid PREVENTS the incidence of TB by?
A. 50%