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FEMA 2 - 01-Rectangular-Coordinate-SystemPDF

introduction

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Kickme Odinada
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12 views

FEMA 2 - 01-Rectangular-Coordinate-SystemPDF

introduction

Uploaded by

Kickme Odinada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rectangular Coordinate System

FEMA 2: Lesson 1
Rectangular Coordinates System-A
system with two number lines at right
angles uniquely specifying points in a
Rectangular plane using ordered pairs (x, y)

Coordinate
Cartesian Coordinate system-x-y
System system; Rectangular coordinate system
is also known as Cartesian Coordinate
system in honor of Rene Descartes who
first introduce the coordinates system
Axes and Origin

Axes-two perpendicular number lines on


a cartesian plane
X-axis- the horizontal axis with respect to
the x-y plane
Y-axis- the vertical axis with respect to the
x-y plane
Origin-the point of intersection of the
axes, which is denoted by letter O
Quadrants

Quadrant-the region enclosed by the


intersection of the x-axis and y-axis

• Quadrant I-(+,+)
• Quadrant II-(-, +)
• Quadrant III- (-, -)
• Quadrant IV- (+, -)
Coordinates

Coordinates-the location of a point


relative to the origin and the axis; It Is
numerically described as the
perpendicular distance from x-axis (y-
coordinate) or y-axis (x-coordinate)
Abscissa- other term for x-coordinate
Ordinate-other term for y-coordinate
Ordered Pair

Ordered pair-a set of x and y coordinates


Distance Between Two
Points

Given: 𝑃1 𝑥1 𝑦1 &𝑃2 (𝑥2 𝑦2 )


Then
𝑃1 𝑃2 = (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 )2 +(𝑦1 − 𝑦2 )2
Midpoint Formula

If 𝑀 𝑥𝑚 , 𝑦𝑚 is a
midpoint of 𝑃1 & 𝑃2 then,
𝑥1 +𝑥2
• 𝑥𝑚 =
2
𝑦1 +𝑦2
• 𝑦𝑚 =
2
Division of Line
Segment

𝑃1 𝑃 𝑚
• If = , then
𝑃𝑃2 𝑛

𝑚𝑥2 +𝑛𝑥1
• 𝑥=
𝑚+𝑛
𝑚𝑦2 +𝑛𝑦1
•𝑦 =
𝑚+𝑛
Example 1

• Find the Distance between A(4,-


3) and B (-2, 5)
Solution:
A(4,-3) and B (-2, 5)
B
𝑑= 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2 + 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 2

d= −2 − 4 2 + 5 − (−3) 2

𝑑 = 10 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

A
Example 2

• If the distance between points


(3, y) and (8, 7) is 13, find the
value of y.
Solution:

𝑑= 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2 + 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 2

132 = 8 − 3 2
+ 7−𝑦 2

169 = 25 + 49 − 14y + y 2

0 = 𝑦 2 − 14𝑦 − 95

0 = (𝑦 − 19)(𝑦 + 5)

𝑦 = 19 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −5
Example 3

• The line segment connecting (x,


6) and (9, y) is bisected by the
point (7, 3). Find the values of x
and y.
Solution:
A(x, 6) , B(9, y), M(7, 3).
A
𝑥1 + 𝑥2
𝑥𝑚 =
2
M
𝑥+9
7=
2
B
𝑥=5

𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑦𝑚 =
2
6+𝑦
3=
2

𝑦=0
Example 4
• Determine the coordinates of the
point which is three-fifths of the way
from the point B(2, -5) to the point
A(-3, 5).
Solution:
A(-3, 5), B(2, -5), P(x, y), m=2/5, n=3/5
𝑚𝑥2 +𝑛𝑥1 A
𝑥=
𝑚+𝑛
2 3
2 5 + −3 5 m=2/5
𝑥= 3 2
5
+ 5
P
𝑥 = −1
𝑚𝑦2 + 𝑛𝑦1 n=3/5
𝑦=
𝑚+𝑛
2 3
−5 +5 B
𝑦= 5 5
3 2
+
5 5
𝑦=1
Example 5
• The segment from (-1, 4) to (2, -2) is
extended three times its own length.
Find the coordinates of the terminal
point.
Solution
𝑚𝑥2 +𝑛𝑥1
𝑥=
𝑚+𝑛
−1 3𝑑 + 𝑥2 𝑑 A
2=
𝑑+3𝑑

𝑥2 = 11

𝑚𝑦2 + 𝑛𝑦1
𝑦= B
𝑚+𝑛

4 3𝑑 + 𝑦2 𝑑
−2 =
𝑑+3𝑑

𝑦2 = −20 P

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